Spectroscopy Of Yb Research Articles

King-Plot Analysis of Isotope Shifts in Simple Diatomic Molecules

We demonstrate that the isotope shift in isotopomers of diatomic molecules, where the nucleus of one of its constituent atoms is replaced by another isotope, can be expressed as the sum of a field shift and a mass shift, similar to the atomic case. We show that a linear relation holds between atomic and molecular isotopes shifts, thus extending the King-plot analysis to molecular isotope shifts. Optical isotope shifts in YbF and ZrO and infrared isotope shifts in SnH are analyzed with a molecular King-plot approach, utilizing Yb$^{+}$ and Zr$^{+}$ ionic isotope shifts and charge radii of Sn obtained with non-optical methods. The changes in the mean-squared nuclear charge radii $\delta \langle r^2 \rangle$ of $^{170-174,176}$Yb and $^{90-92,94,96}$Zr extracted from the molecular transitions are found to be in excellent agreement with the values from the spectroscopy of Yb$^{+}$ and Zr$^{+}$, respectively. On the contrary, in the case of the vibrational-rotational transition in SnH, no sensitivity to the nuclear volume could be deduced within the experimental resolution, which makes it unsuitable for the extraction of nuclear charge radii but provides insights into the molecular electronic wave function not accessible via other methods. The new opportunities offered by the molecular King-plot analysis for research in nuclear structure and molecular physics are discussed.

Manipulating refractive index, homogeneity and spectroscopy of Yb3+-doped silica-core glass towards high-power large mode area photonic crystal fiber lasers.

Output power scaling of single mode large mode area (LMA) photonic crystal fiber (PCF) amplifiers urgently requires the low refractive index of Yb3+-doped silica glasses whilst maintaining high optical homogeneity. In this paper, we report on a promising alternative Yb3+/Al3+/F-/P5+-co-doped silica core-glass (YAFP), which is prepared by modified sol-gel method developed by our group and highly suitable for fabricating high power LMA PCF amplifiers. By controlling the doping combinations of Al3+/F-/P5+ in Yb3+-doped silica glass,it not only ensures low refractive index (RI) but also maintains the excellent optical homogeneity and spectroscopic properties of Yb3+. The spectroscopic properties of Yb3+ ions have not deteriorated by the co-doping of F- and P5+ in YAFP glass compared with that of Yb3+/Al3+ co-doped silica glass. A large-size (⌀5 mm × 90 mm) YAFP silica-core glass rod with low average RI difference of 2.6 × 10-4 (with respect to pure silica glass), and low radial and axial RI fluctuations of ~2 × 10-4, was prepared. A LMA PCF with 50 µm core diameter was obtained by stack-capillary-draw techniques using YAFP core glass. Its core NA is 0.027. An average amplified power of 97 W peaking at 1030 nm and light-light efficiency of 54% are achieved from a 6.5 m long PCF in the pulse amplification laser experiment. Meanwhile, quasi-single-mode transmission is obtained with laser beam quality factor M2 of 1.4.

Temperature-dependent lasing and spectroscopy of Yb:Y 2O 3 and Yb:Sc 2O 3

Spectroscopic and laser properties of Yb 3+ in ceramic Y 2O 3 have been studied at room and cryogenic temperatures. Laser performance is very substantially improved by cooling to liquid nitrogen temperature, primarily due to the great reduction in ground state absorption that permits laser operation on the much stronger 1030-nm emission line rather than the 1077-nm line. The 976-nm “zero line” is observed to become much weaker as the temperature is reduced. Several models for this behavior are considered, but none adequately explains this surprising result. Spectroscopy of Yb:Sc 2O 3 indicates that it is likely to be an even better cryogenic gain material, given samples of comparable optical quality.

Preparation and spectroscopy of Yb 2+-doped Y 3Al 5O 12, YAlO 3, and LiBaF 3

We report on the preparation and spectroscopic properties of Yb 2+ in Y 3Al 5O 12, YAlO 3 and LiBaF 3 with respect to the realization of a tunable solid-state laser based on a 5d–4f transition of Yb 2+. We observe broad emission bands in the region of 470 nm (LiBaF 3) and 580 nm (YAlO 3) due to the 4f–5d transition correlated with the divalent Yb ion. Exciton-like states, formed by a delocalized electron in the conduction band and an Yb 3+ ion, are also involved in the excitation and emission mechanism.