Species Of Zoobenthos Research Articles

Species diversity and structural features of macrobenthos in coastal lagoon ecosystems, the Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea taken as an example

The Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea taken as an example, the present study is devoted to its coastal lagoon ecosystems known to differ in their species diversity and structural features, including macrobenthos. Features of the species composition, spatial structure and diversity of macrobenthic sublittoral communities in 4 coastal lagoon ecosystems of the White Sea were studied and analyzed. In the sublittoral of the study lagoons, 39 species of zoobenthos and 4 species of sea weeds and algae (Zostera marina, Cladophora sericea, Ruppia maritima, Salicornia pojarkovae) were found. The lowest indices of species diversity and biomass of macrobenthos were revealed in lagoons significantly fenced off and remote from the sea, where littoral eurytopic small species of zoobenthos (Macoma balthica, Peringia ulvae, Tubificoides benedii, Littorina littorea, Mytilus edulis, Chironomus salinarius) were found to mainly dominate. In the lagoons in which the connection to the sea was stronger, less euryhaline sublittoral invertebrate species prevailed with higher indices of species diversity and total biomass of the macrobenthos community (Nereimyra punctata, Terebellides stroemi, Caprella linearis, Asterias rubens, Molgula griffithsii). Most of the lagoon ecosystems we examined, with the exception of the one most open to the sea, were characterized by low values of ABC indices and a disturbed structure of the macrobenthos community with the predominance of mainly small species of detritophages, this being associated with the negative effects of siltation, carbon loading and salinity (especially in spring or during the times of heavy rain).

Zoogeographical composition of macroinvertebrates in low-mountain lakes of the Russian Altai

In 2022 the taxonomic and zoogeographic composition of the macrozoobenthos of six lowland lakes of the Russian Altai: Aya, Beloe, Kireevo, Kolyvanskoe, Koksha and Svetloye was investigated. In the studied lakes 156 species of zoobenthos from 9 classes of invertebrates were identified. The largest number of species is characteristic of the insect class. Chironomids and oligochaetes dominated in terms of frequency of occurrence in the lakes. Of the oligochaetes, the family Tubificidae (68%) was more frequently observed. Tubificidae (68%), chironomids — subfamilies Chironominae (91%) and Tanypodinae (66%). The maximum species diversity of zoobenthos was observed in lakes Beloe (81 species) and Koksha (76 species), the least number of species was found in lakes Aya (41 species) and Kireevo (52 species). Lakes Beloe — Kireevo — Kolyvanskoe and Koksha — Svetloye are the most similar in composition of benthic invertebrates. The most original was the taxonomic composition of the deepest lake Aya. According to the taxonomic composition of the fauna of bottom invertebrates, most lakes (Aya, Beloe, Kireevo, Kolyvanskoe) were closer to plain water bodies, two lakes (Koksha, Svetloe) combined features of both plain and mountain lakes. Zoogeographic analysis of the fauna of benthic invertebrates of foothill lakes revealed 12 types of distribution. Holarctic (39%), Palaearctic (23%) and Western Palaearctic species (21%) were predominant in the lake fauna. Comparative analysis of the fauna of the identified homotopic and heterotopic species showed that the most extensive areas are found only among homotopic primary aquatic archaic taxa. Zoogeographic analysis of the studied lakes indicate their proximity to the border of the Western and Eastern Palearctic.

ПЛАНКТОННЫЕ И БЕНТОСНЫЕ СООБЩЕСТВА ЮГО-ВОСТОЧНОЙ ЧАСТИ БАЛТИЙСКОГО МОРЯ В ЛЕТНИЙ ПЕРИОД 2018–2019 гг.

During the expeditions in July 2018 and 2019 data were obtained on the state of summer plankton and benthos over the entire Russian water area in the southeastern part of the Baltic Sea. The highest abundance of phytoplankton (in terms of chlorophyll “a”) is typical for the coastal region, where it reaches the eutrophic state, and decreases in the seaward zone to the mesotrophic state. Brackish water conditions determined a rather small number of species of zooplankton (36 taxa) and zoobenthos (40 taxa), including invading species (4 in zooplankton and 6 in benthos). Copepoda dominated in zooplankton in the deep-water zone, while the proportion of Cladocera and Rotifera increased in the coastal zone. The abundance and biomass of zooplankton corresponded to the maximum level observed in recent years in the SouthEastern Baltic. Zooplankton was more abundant from the coast to depths of 40 m, as a result, the best feeding conditions for planktophagous fish extended at this area. In benthos, Polychaeta and Bivalvia dominated in abundance, and Bivalvia dominated in biomass. The hydrological conditions in the Russian zone determine the development of zoobenthos in two regions separated by the Gdansk depression, which is characterized by benthic “desert” conditions. The largest region extends from the coast to depths of 70–80 m, and the second – in the deep northwestern part and is confined to the Gdansk-Gotland Sill. High abundance and biomass of zoobenthos are characteristic of the Gdansk basin down to depths of 60 m, where favorable conditions are formed for benthophage fish. The species composition and abundance of zoobenthos on the Gdansk-Gotland Sill much lower and is determined by the presence of North Sea waters inflows, in particular, in 2019 there was an increase in the abundance and distribution of benthos as a result of the inflow of North Sea waters.

Present State of Zoobenthos in Small Reservoirs of Nothern Slope Baltic-Caspian Watershid of Volgo-Baltic Water Way

In 2010–2013 first investigation of benthic fauna in Novinkinskiy, Belousovskiy and Vytegorskiy water reservoirs were carried out. Totally 103 species of zoobenthos were found. Increase of abundance, species richness and diversity in range profundal–open littoral–thicket littoral was recorded. In profundal of all reservoirs was found complex of species Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri – Procladius. In littoral structure of zoobenthos communities depended from type of substrate and thicket species. Maximum abundance of zoobenthos was recorded in anomaly hot 2010. In comparison with located to the south Volga reservoirs, Novinkinskiy, Belousovskiy Vytegorskiy reservoirs characterized low abundance and species richness.

Composition and location of trophic groupings of zoobenthos in the Arctic Ocean

This study is devoted to the distribution of trophic groups of zoobenthos in the Arctic Ocean. The patterns of distribution of detritus feeders, seston feeders, and predators along the bottom of the Arctic polar basin are analyzed. The object of the study is the geoecology of the distribution of food groups of benthic animals in the polar regions. The subject of the study is the methods used in assessing the distribution of zoobenthos with different types of nutrition in the polar regions. The results of the work are based on the analysis of the vertical and horizontal structures of the distribution of benthic fauna, reflected in the map of the distribution of trophic groups of zoobenthos and systematized in the distribution table of the leading species of zoobenthos in the Arctic Ocean. To assess the patterns of geoecological distribution of zoobenthos according to the method of feeding, the following were used: actual and cartographic scientific data on the relief, soils, waters, ice cover, maps on the distribution of plankton and the content of organic matter in bottom sediments, as well as data on the trophic characteristics of the benthic fauna of the polar regions, leading biocenoses of the polar regions and geoecological conditions for the existence of benthic fauna in the polar regions. This article presents a map of the distribution of zoobenthos in the Arctic Ocean (according to literary sources), developed by the author, and a table of distribution of guide species of zoobenthos trophic groups in various areas of the Arctic Ocean, compiled by the author based on literary sources. The obtained results of the distribution of food groups of zoobenthos can be used in further detailed assessment of food reserves of bioresources in the polar regions of the World Ocean and their consumption; when designing the economic development of the polar regions; during landscape monitoring.

Ust-Luga Seaport of Russia: Biological Invasions and Resting Stages Accumulation.

This article describes the results of a three-year study of invasive species of aquatic ecosystems in the vicinity of Ust-Luga, the largest Russian seaport in the Baltic. Taking into account the great importance of the participation of marine vessels in the dispersal of invasive species, an experimental study of the seasonality of accumulation of resting stages of aquatic invertebrates in the ballast compartments of a vessel located in the Baltic Sea of the Gulf of Finland was carried out. Experiments show that the time of filling the ballast compartments in late summer and autumn poses the greatest risk for the spread of aquatic invertebrates with ship ballast water. In the Baltic Russian port, 11 invasive species of zooplankton and zoobenthos were found, which comprises 15% of the biodiversity in the samples. Copepoda demonstrated the highest presence of invasive species in class among zooplankton groups (14%) and Malacostraca among benthos groups (80%). Alien species findings correspond to the main vectors of invasive species dispersal for the Baltic Sea: North America, Indochina, and the Ponto-Caspian region.

Structure of Zoobenthos at Different Stages of Ecosystem Succession in Thermokarst Water Bodies of the Central Yamal Peninsula

The taxonomic composition, structure, and spatial distribution of zoobenthos have been studied in 25 water bodies of the Arctic tundra. Eight types of thermokarst water bodies, representing the stages of the succession cycle, have been identified for the central Yamal Peninsula. Water bodies of the initial stages of the cycle are located on the hills, the middle stages are at the edge of the valleys, and the latest stages are in the valleys. In total, 161 species of zoobenthos have been found; their abundance and diversity vary within a wide range according to reservoir type. The number of species per sample ranges 1–33, abundance 0.02–23.40 thousand ind./m2, and biomass 0.05–73.09 g/m2. The trophic status of studied water bodies changes gradually from hypereutrophic at the beginning of the cycle (bog stage) to ultraoligotrophic (lake stage), becoming hypereutrophic at the end of the cycle (khasyrei stage). During succession, the abundance of zoobenthos decreases due to the replacement of small forms by larger ones: a complex dominating by biomass changes from chironomid at the beginning of the cycle, through bivalves and oligochaetes at lake stages, to gastropods and gammarids at the end of the cycle. Feeding preferences of zoobenthos change from phytophagous, through a wide spectrum (including filter-feeding), to phytophagous and detritus-feeding.

Zoobenthic Communities of a High-Density Mat of the Chlorophyta Chaetomorpha linum, in a Hypertrophic Lagoon

In a non-tidal Mediterranean lagoon, quality and quantity of the zoobenthic communities present in a vast high-density mat of Chaetomorpha linum and the biomass and standing crops of the same mat were estimated seasonally between 2017 and and 2019. The quantity of zoobentos that developed in the mat was very high, with numbers of individuals between 760 ± 397 and 1135 ± 277 per kg of alga, in winter and early summer, respectively. The most abundant species in all seasons were those of gammarids and isopods, while blooms of bivalves and the anemone Paranemonia cinerea were occasionally observed. C. linum mat showed high potential for the growth of some species of zoobenthos, but most of these decayed during the summer environmental criticalities of the lagoon and the partial decay of the mat.

DISTRIBUTION OF ALIEN ZOOBENTHIC SPECIES ON THE SHELF OF THE BLACK SEA

The number of alien species in the zoobenthos of the Black Sea increased up to 65 species. Depending on the scale of their distribution in the Black Sea, non-native zoobenthos species are combined into three groups: 1) 5 species have spread in the entire sea, 2) 35 species were found in several areas, and 3) 25 species were found only in one of the areas of the sea. Six areas of the Black Sea shelf have been identified (Varna - Burgas, Danube, Northwestern, Crimean, Caucasian and Anatolian) in accordance with the seasonal and annual values of the thermohaline characteristics. The zoobenthos differed not only in quantity, but also in the composition of non-native species between the six areas of the shelf. The results of multivariate statistical analysis revealed a low level of similarity between these areas of the Black Sea shelf. The greatest similarity in the composition of alien species of zoobenthos was observed for the Danube region with the Varna and Burgas bays, which border each other. The species composition of the alien species of the Caucasian shelf was more similar to the Varna - Burgas and Danube areas than to the neighboring Crimean and Anatolian areas. Spatial gradients of temperature and salinity form hydrological fronts of water masses, which are a kind of ecological barriers and can limit the natural exchange of alien species between shelf areas.

СОВРЕМЕННАЯ ГИДРОМОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ, ГИДРОБИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА И СОСТОЯНИЕ РЫБНОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ ОЗЕР ГАЛИЧСКОЕ И ЧУХЛОМСКОЕ КОСТРОМСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Hydrochemical, hydrobiological and ichthyological studies of the two largest lakes in the Kostroma region - Galichskoye and Chukhlomskoye for the period 2005–19 were carried out. Current state of the fish population in comparison with previous periods was analysed. Area of water bodies was updated according to geographic information systems data for 2017–19. The collection and processing of hydrochemical and hydrobiological samples were carried out according to standard methods. The collection of ichthyological materials was carried out by conventional methods using fry drag, small-mesh seines and fixed nets. The boundaries of the lakes were digitized using Landsat satellite images. The hydrochemical indicators of both lakes are within the limits of fishery standards. The hydrochemical regime of Lake Galichskoye is stable. The rise in the water level of Lake Chukhlomskoye had a positive effect on its hydrochemical regime. It has been established that both investigated lakes are currently, as before, highly productive water bodies. According to the concentration of chlorophyll “a” they have a β-eutrophic status, according to quantitative indicators of phytoplankton development they correspond to a high eutrophic level. According to the quantitative indicators of zooplankton, Lake Galichskoye is a low-forage water body (0.37 g/m3), and Chukhlomskoye is a medium-forage water body (2.12 g/m3). Lake Galichskoye is medium-fodder, and Lake Chukhlomskoye is high-forage lakes for benthofagous fish. According to indicator species of zoobenthos, the water of both lakes is classified as an α-mesosaprobic zone, polluted (quality class IV).
 The species richness of fish on Lake Galich – 16 species, on Lake Chukhloma – 12 species, ichthyomass – 221.9 and 176.5 kg/ha, respectively. It was noted that in the reservoirs over the past two decades, serious changes have occurred in the structure of the fish population. In both lakes, perch fish were replaced by cyprinids, which is associated with the process of eutrophication. In Galichskoye Lake, after a sharp decrease in fishing load since 2005, there has been a significant increase in the number of small-sized fish species caused a corresponding increase in stocks of predatory species (pike and pike perch). In the Lake Chukhlomskoye, the ecological niche of the crucian was occupied by the bream, which was acclimatized in the reservoir almost a century ago. It was determined that during the growing season the average area of Lake Galichskoye is 7124.3 ± 57.5 hectares, of Lake Chukhlomskoye – 4862.7 ± 14.7 hectares.

Characteristics of Surface Water Quality and Diversity of Zoobenthos in Water Bodies, An Giang Province, Vietnam

The use of zoobenthos to evaluate water quality has gained considerable interest due to its low cost and environmental friendliness. This study analyzed water and zoobenthos samples at 13 sites in the water bodies in An Giang province in the rainy season (on March) and dry season (on September) in 2018. The results showed that the surface water was contaminated by organic matters, suspended solids and coliforms. There was occurrence of 28 species of zoobenthos divided into five classes including Oligochaeta, Polychaeta, Insecta, Gastropoda, and Bivalvia in which Bivalvia was the most diverse class accounting for 75%. The densities of zoobenthos in the dry and wet season were from 30 divided into three clusters for the dry season and six clusters for the rainy season indicating seasonal variation of zoobenthos composition possibly due to variance of water and sediment characteristics. The results of Pearson correlation indicated that the composition of zoobenthos was strongly correlated with temperature, pH, N-NH4+ and N-NO3-. Using water quality index (WQI), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) and associated average score per taxon (ASPT) for water quality assessment revealed that water quality ranges from medium (from α to β- mesosaprobe) to heavy pollution (Polysaprobe). There was inconsistency between using physicochemicals and diversity index of zoobenthos for water quality identification leading to the use of zoobenthos for water indication could result in misadjustment of water quality. Further study should investigate the relationship between zoobenthos and water quality in different ecological areas to better indicate role of zoobenthos in quick diagnose water quality.

Environmental survey of watercourses at the Mangazeyskoe deposit area, West Verkhoyansk Range

A large silver deposit Mangazeyskoe at the headwaters of the Yana River basin in North-East Yakutia has a considerable impact on vulnerable ecosystems of Alpine tundra. In the case of inadequate environmental protection measures, adverse environmental consequences may occur. The particular interest is the hydrobiological status of the rivers affected by the mining production waste water. In this regard, quantitative and qualitative baselines for water pollution indicators were studied. For the first time, preliminary data on the species composition of algae in the phytoplankton, phytoperiphyton, and zoobenthos of the watercourses at the Mangazeyskoe deposit. In the algal flora of reservoirs in the area of the Mangazeyskoe deposit, 230 identified species have been as represented by 260 intraspecific taxa, including those represented by a nomenclature type from 8 divisions. In the zoobenthos of the area under study, 28 species and forms belonging to three types have been found: annelids, arthropods and mollusks. It has been determined that the main part of the species of zoobenthos belongs to amphibiotic insects, which accounts for more than 70%. It has been noted that the current studied background condition of algae and zoobenthos in the area of the deposit consists mainly of cryophilic species.

Чужеродные виды зообентоса в экосистемах Нижнего Дона и Азовского моря на рубеже ХХ-ХХI вв.

Чужеродные виды зообентоса в экосистемах Нижнего Дона и Азовского моря на рубеже ХХ-ХХI вв.

ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННАЯ ДИНАМИКА ДОННЫХ СООБЩЕСТВ РЕКИ ВОЛГУШИ

The article highlights the problem of using information on the environmental conditions of water bodies for planning and conducting conservation measures. To understand the processes occurring in aquatic ecosystems, a promising direction appears the study of the composition, structure and spatial-temporal organization of zoobenthos, which is a sensitive indicator of contamination of water bodies with biogenic and toxic substances. There has been carried out the study of the main characteristics of zoobenthic communities of the Volgusha - one of the small rivers of the Moscow region, which flows on the territory of the state natural reserve of regional significance “Volgusha Valley and Paramonovsky Ravine” in the Dmitrov district of the Moscow region. There have been presented the results of a hydrobiological research of the Volgusha River carried out in the open water period in 2017-2018. A physiographic description of the Volgusha basin has been given. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the Volgusha bentofauna has been studied. There were revealed 60 species of zoobenthos belonging to 34 families, 14 orders, 5 classes, 3 types. The most widely there was represented Class Insecta numbering 42 species. There were found nine species of molluscs, four species of leeches, five species of oligochaetas. There have been singled out four groups associated to the substrate in the composition of zoobenthos: featurefile, litereally, pagefile and psammodiini. The spatial heterogeneity of hydrological and hydrochemical conditions throughout the Volgusha River caused by the terrain determines structural differences of zoobenthos, its composition and quantitative development, that is why it can serve as an indicator of water quality in different sectors of the river. There have been revealed evident seasonal changes in the composition of zoobenthos of the Volgusha River during the year and marked out zones of maximal anthropogenic interference.

Đa dạng loài sinh vật biển quần đảo Thổ Châu, tỉnh Kiên Giang

The research results in the field survey from March, 2011 to October, 2015 of Research Institute for Marine Fisheries (RIMF) presented an overall picture of the marine species diversity in coral reef ecosystems and other coastal areas surrounding Tho Chau archipelago, Kien Giang province. A total of 1,101 marine species were identified, including 161 species of phytoplankton; 75 species of zooplankton; 57 species of seaweed; 6 species of seagrass; 11 species of mangrove plant; 147 species of coral (131 species of hard coral, 16 species of soft coral); 261 species of coral reef fish; and 383 species of zoobenthos (223 species of mollusca, 77 species of echinodermata, 59 species of arthropoda, 24 species of annelida). These research results provided an important scientific foundation for management, conservation and development of marine resources in this area.

Diversity of communities and quantitative parameters of hydrobionts in lakes of the Onon-Toreisk Plain

The diversity of communities and the quantitative parameters of hydrobionts of 17 lakes of the Onon-Toreisk Plain in Northeastern Mongolia during the low-water period are analyzed. The organisms revealed in the lakes include 35 species of phytoplankton, 35 species of zoobenthos, 31 species of zooplankton, and 14 species of hydrophytes. Chara virgata, a representative of charophytes, was revealed in Mongolia for the first time. The greatest species diversity of the communities of hydrobionts is seen in oligohaline lakes. The highest quantitative parameters of communities of phytoplankton and zoobenthos are typical for Gurmiin Lake.

Benthic invertebrate fauna in the islets of Namuseom and Bukhyeongjeseom off Busan

This study was conducted to examine the benthic invertebrate fauna inhabiting in the subtidal zone in and around the islets of Namuseom and Bukhyeongjeseom off the coast of Busan by SCUBA diving in September 2013. As a consequence, it was confirmed that a total of 6 phyla, 14 classes, 20 orders, 46 families, and 73 species of zoobenthos inhabit in and around those islets. The total number of species surveyed by taxon during the study is 22 species of Arthropoda (30%), 20 species of Mollusca (27%), 15 species of Cnidaria (21%), 10 species of Echinodermata (14%), four species of Poridera (5%), and two species of Chordata.

A preliminary study on species composition of zoobenthos on the lower section of Hieu river, Quang Tri province

The main objective of this study was to research species composition zoobenthos on the lower section of Hieu river, Quang Tri province. The study was carried out from October of 2011 to May of 2012. The paper repated, 43 species of zoobenthos belonging to 29 genera, 16 families recorded. Of the zoobenthos, the Crustacea were the most abundant with 18 species, 11 genera and 4 families; the Polychaeta with 2 species, 2 genera and 2 families; the Olygochaeta with 3 species, 2 genera and 2 families; the Gastropoda with 12 species, 11 genera, 5 families; the Bivalvia with 8 species, 3 genera, 3 families.

Distribution and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in aquatic organisms of different trophic levels and potential health risk assessment from Taihu lake, China

Aquatic organisms of different trophic levels were taken from Taihu lake. Heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, Pb) were measured in phytoplankton, zooplankton, in two species of zoobenthos, and in eight fish species, as well as in the water column and bottom sediments. Results showed that the concentration of Cu and Zn for all organisms was much higher than for other metals, and Cd was the lowest in all species. Generally, heavy metal concentrations in phytoplankton were higher than in zooplankton. In zoobenthos, the concentration in Bellamya sp.(human edible snail) was higher than that in Corbiculidae (bivalve). Metal concentrations had no significant difference between fish species but tended to be higher in predator fish such as Coilia ectenes and Erythroculter ilishaeformis than in herbivorous fish. The level of measured metals in Taihu fish was moderate-low compared with that of fresh water fishes from international results. Spatially, metal concentrations in organisms were higher in the north and west Taihu lake but lower in south and east lake and this appears to be related to river inputs that are heavily influenced by anthropogenic activities. The bio-concentration factor (BCF) for all aquatic organisms in the food chain indicated that it was generally highest in planktons, followed by zoobenthos, and lowest in fish. Health risk assessment and comparison with national and international standards showed that consumption of aquatic products from the lake was generally safe but fishermen were a higher risk group especially through dietary intake of Bellamya sp.

Zoobenthos Used in Water Quality Assessment in Songhua River in Harbin City

In order to explore the zoobenthos community composition and the status of water quality in Songhua River in Harbin city, we conducted an investigation on the zoobenthos community structure in spring, summer and autumn 2008. The results showed that 60 species of zoobenthos were found totally, of which 39 species were aquatic insect Larvae, 13 species of mollusks, 7 species of annelid, 7 species of crustacean. Density variation in the scope of 26.67-3521.67 ind./m2, biomass variation in the scope of 0.14-549.89g/m2. And assessed water quality using the physic-chemical and biological methods, the results showed that water quality of Songhua River in Harbin city was in moderate-severe pollution state.