Scolytinae Species Research Articles

Efficacy of different lures for Phloeosinus aubei and other native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles

AbstractPhloeosinus aubei is invasive in Central Europe, spreading northward from the Mediterranean region because of climate change. P. aubei has the potential to become a pest of mature, naturally occurring juniper trees (Juniperus communis) in protected areas, as well as junipers, thujas and cypresses in nurseries and urban environments. In 2020 and 2021, we conducted two experiments to compare various lures for trapping P. aubei. In the first experiment, we compared four lures: α‐pinene; turpentine; a mixture of cade oil, juniper berry oil and ethanol; and a juniper branch (8–10 cm long, 3–5 cm wide) deployed with ethanol. In the second experiment, we compared Hostowit® with a juniper branch (8–10 cm long, 3–5 cm wide) deployed with ethanol. In both experiments, juniper branches deployed with ethanol attracted a greater number of P. aubei beetles compared to the other lures. In total, we captured 1056 individuals belonging to 36 species of Scolytinae. Among the most abundant species, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus monographus and Anisandrus dispar were lured by ethanol in combination with other substances or deployed with juniper branches. Xyleborus dryographus showed a positive association with turpentine. Ips typographus was positively associated with α‐pinene, while Orthotomicus laricis, Hylastes attenuatus and Gnathotrichus materiarius were positively associated with Hostowit® lure.

Predatory species of Scolytinae in Bursa province of Turkey

Scolytinae, a large group of Coleoptera, are a vital community that causes forest damage. Species such as Pityokteines curvidens (Germar), Orthotomicus erosus (Wollaston), Tomicus destruens (Wollaston), Tomicus minor (Hartig) and Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) are particularly prevalent in the region. In recent years, the prevalence of bark beetle species causing tree damage in the Bursa province has increased. The purpose of this study was to determine the predator species of bark beetles responsible for causing damage in the forest areas of the Bursa province. Specimens were collected from 8 sites in the study area and identified as belonging to 25 species in 2 orders and 12 families. In study found that species such as Synuchus vivalis (Illiger), Opilo taeniatus (Klug), Trichodes apiarius (Linnaeus), Anthrenus scrophulariae (Linnaeus), Trogoderma angustum (Solier), Trogoderma glabrum (Herbst), Ampedus cinnaberinus (Eschscholtz), Cylister angustatus (Hoffmann), Cylister filiformis (Erichson), Rhizophagus depressus (Fabricius), Rhizophagus dispar (Paykull), Ipidia binotata (Reitter), Corticeus linearis (Fabricius), Corticeus pini (Panzer), Nemosoma elongatum (Linnaeus) and Dichrostigma flavipes (Stein) represent new records for both the Marmara Region and the Bursa province. It has been observed that eight species of insects, region Clerus mutillarius (Fabricius), Thanasimus formicarius (Linnaeus), Aulonium ruficorne (Oliver), Cylister elongatus (Thunberg), Hypnogyra angularis (Ganglbauer), Megalinus scutellaris (Fauvel), Corticeus fraxini (Kugelann) and Temnochila caerulea (Olivier), have set new records for both the Marmara Region and the Bursa province. Additionally, the presence of these species in the Bursa province represents a new record for the area. These findings were obtained through extensive studies of the insect populations in these regions.

Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Scolytoplatypodini Species (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) and Phylogenetic Implications.

The complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of beetles in the tribe Scolytoplatypodini (genus Scolytoplatypus) were sequenced and annotated. These included Scolytoplatypus raja (15,324 bp), Scolytoplatypus sinensis (15,394 bp), Scolytoplatypus skyliuae (15,167 bp), and Scolytoplatypus wugongshanensis (15,267 bp). The four mitogenomes contained 37 typical genes, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), and 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs). The gene orientation and arrangement of the four mitogenomes were similar to other Coleoptera mitogenomes. PCGs mostly started with ATN and terminated with TAA. The Ka/Ks ratio of 13 PCGs in the four species revealed that cox1 had the slowest evolutionary rate and atp8 and nad6 had a higher evolutionary rate. All tRNAs had typical cloverleaf secondary structures, but trnS1 lacked dihydrouridine arm. Partial tRNAs lost the discriminator nucleotide. The trnY did not possess the discriminator nucleotide and also lost three bases, showing a special amino-acyl arm. Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods were conducted for phylogenetic analyses using 13 PCGs. Scolytoplatypodini was clustered with Hylurgini and Hylastini, and the monophyly of Scolytoplatypodini was supported. The four newly sequenced mitogenomes increase understanding of the evolutionary relationships of Scolytoplatypodini and other Scolytinae species.

Diversidad de Scolytinae1 en Huertos de Aguacate en el Estado de México

Some species of Scolytinae have become important in avocado production because they can be vectors of phytopathogenic fungi. The present study was done in three avocado orchards at different altitudes to record the diversity and richness of Scolytinae at Coatepec Harinas, State of Mexico. Scolytinae that might be vectors of fungi associated with phytopathogenic fungi are considered quarantined. Scolytinae (1,714) were collected in Lindgren traps baited with attractants based on ethanol, alpha-copaeno, and querciverol, of 22 genera and 49 species, of which 27 are new for the State of Mexico. Significant differences were recorded between the sites, and the Shannon-Wiener index (H′), Margalef (D Mg), and Pielou equity (J′) indices tests recorded the greatest diversity of Scolytinae at Meyuca de Morelos (1890 masl) with H′ = 2.075, D Mg = 5.014, and J′ = 0.5836, and the minimum at San Martín El Salto (2470 masl), with H́ = 0.4495, D Mg = 2.304, and J′ = 0.1660. The genera Xyleborus, Monarthrum, Corthylus, and Gnathotrichus had the greatest species richness. Greatest highest abundance corresponded to Corthylus flagellifer Blandford, Corthylus luridus Blandford, Xyleborus volvulus Fabricius, Phloeocleptus cristatus Wood, and Araptus schwarzi Blackman, individuals that accounted for 85% of the total captures. Richness and abundance corresponded in greater proportion to ambrosial beetles, potential vectors of phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, frequent monitoring is recommended to determine population dynamics and their relationship with environmental factors.

The bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae): a synopsis with three new species of Scolytinae.

The present state of knowledge of the bark and ambrosia beetles of Bhutan is summarised as a basis for future studies of the fauna, and its economic importance in forestry, timber production and crop tree plantations. We describe three new species of Scolytinae: Cyclorhipidion druk Smith Beaver, Euwallacea insolitus Smith Beaver, and Xylosandrus geduensis Smith Beaver. Thirty-four species of Scolytinae, and 13 species of Platypodinae are now known to occur in Bhutan, of which 14 species of Scolytinae, including the three new species, and four species of Platypodinae, are recorded for the first time. A checklist of the fauna is provided, with information on local and world distribution, host trees and biology, and taxonomy.

Species-specific effects of ethanol concentration on host colonization by four common species of ambrosia beetles

Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera; Curculionidae; Scolytinae and Platypodinae) can cause severe damage to trees growing in plant nurseries, orchards and natural forests. Ethanol is emitted by stressed trees and represents an important cue used by ambrosia beetles to locate suitable hosts to infest. Ethanol also favors the growth of ambrosia beetles’ nutritional fungal symbionts and suppresses the growth of antagonistic fungi. An optimal concentration of ethanol in host tissues might maximize fungal growth and offspring production, but it is unclear if this optimal concentration varies among ambrosia beetle species. To investigate this mechanism, we injected five different concentrations of aqueous ethanol solution (5%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 90%) into the stems of container-grown oak trees, Quercus robur L. Modified Falcon tube chambers were used to confine four species of field-collected ambrosia beetles to the injected stems, namely, Anisandrus dispar, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xylosandrus germanus, and Xylosandrus crassiusculus. Incidence of boring, ejected sawdust, gallery development, and offspring production were then quantified. The incidence of boring generally increased with increasing ethanol concentration for all four Scolytinae species tested. Ejected sawdust and offspring production increased with increasing ethanol concentration up to 90% for A. dispar and X. saxesenii; by contrast, an increasing trend up to 75% ethanol followed by a decrease at 90% ethanol was associated with X. germanus and X. crassiusculus. Our study highlights the key role of ethanol for ambrosia beetles, and showed that the optimal concentration maximizing colonization and offspring production can vary among species.

Interception Strategies for Managing Exotic Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Nurseries

Interception Strategies for Managing Exotic Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Nurseries

Microsculpture and chaetotaxy of abdominal tergites of bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae): morphology and nomenclature

The structure of the chaetom and the microsculpture of the abdominal tergites surface are analyzed for 60 species of Scolytinae from different tribes and genera. The typi¬fication and nomenclature of these structures are proposed for the first time. Eight types of microsculptural elements and five types of setae are recognized. The taxonomic significance of these structures is discussed.

Comparative Analysis of Eight Mitogenomes of Bark Beetles and Their Phylogenetic Implications.

Simple SummaryMany bark beetles are destructive pests in coniferous forests and cause extensive ecological and economic losses worldwide. Comparative studies of the structural characteristics of mitogenomes and phylogenetic relationships of bark beetles can improve our understanding of mitogenome evolution. In this study, we sequenced eight mitogenomes of bark beetles. Our results show that the use of start and stop codons, the abundance of amino acids, and the relative frequency of codon use are conserved among the eight bark beetles. Different regions of tRNA exhibit different degrees of conservatism. Together with the analysis of evolutionary rates and genetic distance among bark beetle species, our results reveal phylogenetic relationships among bark beetles of the subfamily Scolytinae.Many bark beetles of the subfamily Scolytinae are the most economically important insect pests of coniferous forests worldwide. In this study, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of eight bark beetle species, including Dendroctonus micans, Orthotomicus erosus, Polygraphus poligraphus, Dryocoetes hectographus, Ips nitidus, Ips typographus, Ips subelongatus, and Ips hauseri, to examine their structural characteristics and determine their phylogenetic relationships. We also used previously published mitochondrial genome sequence data from other Scolytinae species to identify and localize the eight species studied within the bark beetle phylogeny. Their gene arrangement matched the presumed ancestral pattern of these bark beetles. Start and stop codon usage, amino acid abundance, and the relative codon usage frequencies were conserved among bark beetles. Genetic distances between species ranged from 0.037 to 0.418, and evolutionary rates of protein-coding genes ranged from 0.07 for COI to 0.69 for ND2. Our results shed light on the phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic status of several bark beetles in the subfamily Scolytinae and highlight the need for further sequencing analyses and taxonomic revisions in additional bark beetle species.

The bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae and Platypodinae) of American Samoa.

A survey of five of the islands of American Samoa was conducted from 2016-2018 utilizing multi-funnel traps baited with ethanol and quercivorol (attractants for xyleborine ambrosia beetles). Specimens of Scolytinae and Platypodinae from this survey, as well as specimens in the American Samoa Community College Collection were identified. A total of 53 species of Scolytinae and two species of Platypodinae are reported. Fourteen species of Scolytinae and one species of Platypodinae are reported as new to American Samoa. The following new synonymy and new combinations are proposed: Xyleborinus artelineatus (Beeson, 1929) (=Xyleborinus cinctipennis (Schedl, 1980) syn. nov.; Ambrosiophilus wilderi (Beeson, 1929) comb. nov. from Ambrosiodmus; Beaverium swezeyi (Beeson, 1929) comb. nov. from Xyleborus; and Debus fallaxoides (Schedl, 1955) comb. nov. from Xyleborus. The distribution on the islands of American Samoa and taxonomic history of each species is provided.

New species of Pseudothysanoes Blackman, and Sphaerotrypes Blandford (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) from Jammu and Kashmir, with biological observations, and a key to South Asian species of Sphaerotrypes.

Two new species of Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) are described from Jammu and Kashmir, Pseudothysanoes kashmirica sp. nov. and Sphaerotrypes montanus sp. nov. These discoveries mark the first records of the genera Pseudothysanoes Blackman,1920 from South Asia and Sphaerotrypes Blandford, 1894 from the Northwestern Himalayan region. A discussion on the biology of the new species together with a complete key to the known species of Sphaerotrypes from South Asia are provided.

Diversity of Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) at Three Sites in the Central Avocado-Producing Region of MichoacÁN, Mexico

The richness of Scolytinae was quantified in Hass variety avocado orchards located at different altitudes in three municipalities in the central part of the avocado-producing belt of the Mexican state of Michoacan. The study was carried out from July 2016 to June 2017. The insects were captured using α-copaene, ethanol and querciverol + ethanol lures, which were placed in bottle traps. A total of 9,444 specimens of 62 species belonging to 29 genera of Scolytinae were collected. The species Corthylus praeustus Schedl is a new record for Mexico, and 24 species are new records for the state of Michoacan. The highest abundance and lowest diversity of Scolytinae were found in Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro (27 species), followed by Uruapan (32 species), and the lowest abundance but highest diversity was found in Ziracuaretiro (40 species). The most abundant species of Scolytinae were Microcorthylus invalidus Wood, Araptus schwarzi (Blackman), Corthylus detrimentosus Schedl and Hypothenemus crudiae (Panzer), which together accounted for 72.47% of the specimens collected. The feeding habits of the species collected were xylomycetophagous (41.66%), phloeophagous (31.66%), myelophagous (11.66%), xylophagous (11.66%) and spermatophagous (3.33%).

Scolytinae species damaging Carya illinoinensis trees in southern Brazil

ABSTRACT This study aims to report two species of Scolytinae that have been damaging Carya illinoinensis trees in southern Brazil. In two Brazilian municipalities, Guarapuava in Parana State and Pantano Grande in the Rio Grande do Sul State, insects of the Scolytinae family were found damaging pecan trees. Infested tree samples were kept in the laboratory in glass tubes sealed with a voile tissue until the emergence of adults. After the adults’ emergence, the specimens were identified by their morphological characteristics and sent to a taxonomist specialized in Scolytinae family for identification. The species Xyleborus retusus was identified causing damages to pecan trees from Guarapuava while the species Xyleborus ferrugineus was identified in pecan trees from Pantano Grande. Trees injured by these insects displayed similar symptoms in both study areas. In Guarapuava and Pantano Grande, 13 and 10 trees, respectively, died due to stem lesions caused by Xyleborus spp. Thus, this study reports for Brazilian pecan growers the occurrence of Scolytinae species X. retusus and X. ferrugineus damaging C. illinoiensis plants in southern Brazil. It also emphasizes the importance of constant crop monitoring to minimize the risk of pest damage.

SCOLYTINAE Y PLATYPODINAE (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) DE LA ISLA BARRO COLORADO, PANAMÁ.

Isla Barro Colorado (BCI) es una reserva natural ubicada en el lago Gatún del Canal de Panamá, ha sido un áreatropical importante para estudios en biología y ecología tropical. Sin embargo, ciertos grupos biológicos no cuentan con inventarios faunísticos, uno de ellos son los escarabajos ambrosiales (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Por tal razón realizó un inventario enriquecido de los Scolytinae y Platypodinae reportados para BCI. Para desarrollar el inventario, se realizó: 1) revisión de literatura científica con registros de especies en la isla, 2) revisión de especímenes en colecciones entomológicas de la Universidad de Panamá y 3) identificación taxonómica de especímenes en muestras capturadas por el Instituto Smithsoniano de Investigaciones Tropicales. Un total de 48 especies de Scolytinae y cinco de Platypodinae se habían registrado para la isla en publicaciones científicas. La identificación taxonómicade muestras y especímenes en colecciones aportaron 64 especies de Scolytinae y tres de Platypodinae como nuevos registros para la isla.La cantidad de especies de Scolytinae conocidas para la isla alcanza las 113, mientras que los Platypodinae alcanzan 8; sin embargo, con la confirmación taxonómica de algunas especies, las cifras pueden aproximarse a 138 especies para Scolytinae y 20 para Platypodinae.

List of non-EU Scolytinae of coniferous hosts.

Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health prepared a list of non‐EU Scolytinae spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) affecting coniferous hosts. A literature review and search of databases, conducted up to January 2019, identified 804 Scolytinae species and subspecies of coniferous hosts. These Scolytinae were assigned to two categories (a) 705 non‐EU species and subspecies, known to occur only outside the EU or having only limited presence in the EU, and (b) 99 species and subspecies with substantial presence in the EU (i.e. they are only reported so far from the EU or known to occur or be widespread in some Member States or reported in more than three EU MS). Scolytinae of category (b) will be excluded from further categorisation efforts. The main knowledge gaps and uncertainties of this listing concern (i) the status of species that are present in only a few MS and (ii) the status of the species that are present only at boundaries of the EU territory. The non‐EU Scolytinae will be categorised by the Panel in a separate opinion.

Herbivore, parasitoid and hyperparasitoid insects associated with fruits and seeds of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae).

This study aimed to inventory the herbivore insects associated with Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong (Fabaceae) fruits and seeds and their primary and secondary parasitoids. Six samples collected between May and October 2013 yielded 210 fruits, from which 326 insects of six orders emerged: Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Thysanoptera and Psocoptera. Coleoptera (five families) was represented by the seed consumers Merobruchus bicoloripes Pic, Stator sp. Bridwell (Chrysomelidae, Bruchinae), two species of Silvanidae, one species of Scolytinae (Curculionidae), one species of Nitidulidae and one species of Cerambycidae. The cerambycid was also observed forming galleries on fruit mesocarp. Immature individuals of Lepidoptera were observed consuming the fruits and seeds. From the seven Hymenoptera families, only two species were associated with Coleoptera, being Horismenus Walker sp. (Eulophidae) as parasitoid of M. bicoloripes, and Neoheterospilus falcatus (Marsh) (Braconidae) as parasitoid of Scolytinae. The Lepidoptera parasitoids represented four genera: Pseudophanerotoma Zetel, Chelonus Panzer (Braconidae), Orgilus Nees (Braconidae) and Goniozus Forster (Bethylidae). The host associations for the reared parasitoids Bracon Fabricius (Braconidae), Pimplinae sp. (Ichneumonidae) and Perilampus Forster (Perilampidae) were not confirmed. We obtained a single representative of Diptera (Tachinidae) associated with Lepidoptera hosts in this food web.

Diversidade de Scolytinae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) em diferentes paisagens no norte do Brasil

A survey of beetle assemblages of the subfamily Scolytinae was conducted in habitat gradients ranging from primary to secondary forests, cocoa plantations, and pastures in the Amazonian biome. Sampling was carried out in 2015, during February/March (rainy season), June (intermediary season), and September/October (dry season). A total of 4,534 Scolytinae were captured, comprising four genera and nine species. The most abundant species were Xyleborus affinis and Xyleborus volvulus , representing approximately 34% and 31% of the total abundance, respectively. Species of Scolytinae in general showed seasonality and greater abundance and richness in regions with greater coverage of plant litter. Keywords: Amazon, biodiversity studies, habitat preference, insects.

Vertical Distribution and Daily Flight Periodicity of Ambrosia Beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Florida Avocado Orchards Affected by Laurel Wilt.

Ambrosia beetles have emerged as significant pests of avocado ((Persea americana Mill. [Laurales: Lauraceae])) due to their association with pathogenic fungal symbionts, most notably Raffaelea lauricola T.C. Harr., Fraedrich & Aghayeva (Ophiostomatales: Ophiostomataceae), the causal agent of the laurel wilt (LW) disease. We evaluated the interaction of ambrosia beetles with host avocado trees by documenting their flight height and daily flight periodicity in Florida orchards with LW. Flight height was assessed passively in three avocado orchards by using ladder-like arrays of unbaited sticky traps arranged at three levels (low: 0-2 m; middle: 2-4 m; high: 4-6 m). In total, 1,306 individuals of 12 Scolytinae species were intercepted, but six accounted for ~95% of the captures: Xyleborus volvulus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Euplatypus parallelus (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Xyleborus bispinatus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Xyleborus affinis Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), and Hypothenemus sp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). The primary vector of R. lauricola, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), was not detected. Females of X. volvulus showed a preference for flight at low levels and X. bispinatus for the low and middle levels; however, captures of all other species were comparable at all heights. At a fourth orchard, a baiting method was used to document flight periodicity. Females of X. saxesenii and Hypothenemus sp. were observed in flight 2-2.5 h prior to sunset; X. bispinatus, X. volvulus, and X. affinis initiated flight at ~1 h before sunset and Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) at 30 min prior to sunset. Results suggest that ambrosia beetles in South Florida fly near sunset (when light intensity and wind speed decrease) at much greater heights than previously assumed and have species-specific patterns in host-seeking flight.

Evaluation of the diversity of Scolitids (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the forest plantations of the central zone of the Ecuadorian littoral

The species of Scolytinae subfamily have a worldwide distribution, and are found mainly in the Neo-tropic regions. They usually dominate the communities of wood borer insects. The aim of the present study was to determine the diversity among Scolytinae species associated with balsa, teak, rubber and gamhar plantations located in the humid tropical zone of the Ecuadorian littoral. In each plantation seven flight interception traps containing an ethanol / gel mixture were installed, with a collection frequency of 15 days for three months in the dry period. A total of 1437 specimens were collected, represented by Xyleborini, Cryphalini, Corthylini and Ipini tribes. In the four plantations, 18 species of Scolitids were collected, of which 16 were recorded in the balsa plantation, while in the other plantations 10 to 12 species were found. The most abundant Scolitids were Hypothenemus spp., Corthylus spp., Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborinus bicornatulus and Premnobium cavipennis. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in the balsa culture (H’= 2.37) and lower in Teak (H’= 1.57). The Jaccard similarity index was higher among the teak and rubber plantations (Cj = 0.9090) while the balsa plantation obtained less similarity with respect to the other three plantations. The greatest diversity of Scolitids was recorded in the balsa plantation, which is a native species, unlike the other forest species, which are exotic, indicating that the diversity would be influenced by the host tree and the location where they are found.

Evaluation of the diversity of Scolitids (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in the forest plantations of the central zone of the Ecuadorian littoral

The species of Scolytinae subfamily have a worldwide distribution, and are found mainly in the Neo-tropic regions. They usually dominate the communities of wood borer insects. The aim of the present study was to determine the diversity among Scolytinae species associated with balsa, teak, rubber and gamhar plantations located in the humid tropical zone of the Ecuadorian littoral. In each plantation seven flight interception traps containing an ethanol / gel mixture were installed, with a collection frequency of 15 days for three months in the dry period. A total of 1437 specimens were collected, represented by Xyleborini, Cryphalini, Corthylini and Ipini tribes. In the four plantations, 18 species of Scolitids were collected, of which 16 were recorded in the balsa plantation, while in the other plantations 10 to 12 species were found. The most abundant Scolitids were Hypothenemus spp., Corthylus spp., Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborinus bicornatulus and Premnobium cavipennis. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index was higher in the balsa culture (H’= 2.37) and lower in Teak (H’= 1.57). The Jaccard similarity index was higher among the teak and rubber plantations (Cj = 0.9090) while the balsa plantation obtained less similarity with respect to the other three plantations. The greatest diversity of Scolitids was recorded in the balsa plantation, which is a native species, unlike the other forest species, which are exotic, indicating that the diversity would be influenced by the host tree and the location where they are found.