Species Of Centrorhynchus Research Articles

Centrorhynchus spp. (Acanthocephala) in South America: new anuran record and checklist of vertebrate hosts.

The aim of this study was to record Centrorhynchus sp. associated with the exotic species Aquarana catesbeiana (bullfrog) in southern Brazil and to present a checklist of vertebrate hosts in South America. Twenty-nine adults and juveniles of A. catesbeiana were collected in Capão do Leão, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between October 2019 and December 2020. We found 275 specimens of Centrorhynchus sp. cystacanths in the stomach musculature and coelomic cavity of 55.1% of hosts (16). There was no significant differences in the prevalence and mean intensity of infection with cystacanths when compared males and females of A. catesbeiana. The prevalence was significantly higher in adults than in juveniles. The checklist presents 106 species of vertebrate hosts and 14 taxa of Centrorhynchus recorded in nine South American countries. Avian were the main definitive hosts of Centrorhynchus spp. and snakes Dipsadidae, anurans Hylidae and Leptodactylidae the main paratenic hosts in South America. This is the first record of Centrorhynchus cystacanths in A. catesbeiana in the South America. The study provides tools to help understand the parasitic relationships between species of Centrorhynchus and A. catesbeiana and other hosts in areas where bullfrog have been introduced.

Morphological and genetic characterisation of Centrorhynchus clitorideus (Meyer, 1931) (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from the little owl Athene noctua (Scopoli) (Strigiformes: Strigidae) in Pakistan.

Centrorhynchus Lühe, 1911 is a large genus of acanthocephalans mainly parasitic in various strigiform and falconiform birds. Some species of Centrorhynchus have not been adequately described. Here, the detailed morphology of C. clitorideus (Meyer, 1931) was studied using light and, for the first time, scanning electron microscopy, based on newly collected specimens from the little owl Athene noctua (Scopoli) (Strigiformes: Strigidae) in Pakistan. Partial sequences of the 18S and 28S nuclear ribosomal RNA genes and the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) of C. clitorideus were generated for the first time. No nucleotide variation was detected for the partial 18S and 28S regions, but 3.30% of intraspecific nucleotide divergence was found for the cox1 gene. Phylogenetic analyses based on 28S and 18S sequence data showed that C. clitorideus formed a sister relationship with Centrorhynchus sp. MGV-2005 or Centrorhynchus sp. MGV-2005 + C. microcephalus (Bravo-Hollis, 1947), respectively.

Characterization of the complete mitogenome of Centrorhynchus clitorideus (Meyer, 1931) (Palaeacanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae), the largest mitochondrial genome in Acanthocephala, and its phylogenetic implications

Species of Centrorhynchus (Polymorphida: Centrorhynchidae) commonly parasitize various falconiform and strigiform birds worldwide. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial (mt) genome sequences of Centrorhynchus clitorideus was sequenced and annotated for the first time based on specimens collected from the little owl Athene noctua (Scopoli) (Strigiformes: Strigidae) in Pakistan. The complete mt genome sequences of C. clitorideus is 15,884 bp in length, and contained 36 genes [two rRNA genes (rrnL and rrnS), 22 tRNA genes and 12 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (lacking atp8)] and two non-coding regions (NCR1 and NCR2), which represents the largest mt genome of acanthocephalan reported so far. In order to assess the systematic position of C. clitorideus and the interrelationship of the family Centrorhynchidae and the other families in order Polymorphida, the phylogenetic tree was constructed using Bayesian inference (BI) based on amino acid sequences of 12 PCGs. Phylogenetic results supported C. clitorideus formed a sister relationship to C. milvus in Centrorhynchidae, which has a sister relationship to the representatives of Polymorphidae + Plagiorhynchidae. Our results revealed the monophyly of Polymorphida and paraphyly of Echinorhynchida in the class Palaeacanthocephala. The validity of the genus Sphaerirostris (Polymorphida: Centrorhynchidae) was also challenged by our phylogenetic results, which seems to be a synonym of Centrorhynchus. Moreover, the present phylogenetic analysis indicated that the family Quadrigyridae and subfamily Pallisentinae (A. cheni and P. celatus) are polyphyletic.

Centrorhynchus nahuelhuapensis n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from rufous-legged owl (Strix rufipes King) in Patagonia.

Centrorynchus nahuelhuapensis n. sp. is described from the intestine of Strix rufipes, the rufous-legged owl, in Patagonia, Argentina. This species is characterized by the presence of 31-33 hook rows with 16-17 hooks per row, distributed as follows: 5 true hooks, 4 transitional hooks with 4 alate processes, more evident in the first three, 7-8 spiniform hooks, and three cement glands. It differs from most members of the genus by having a filiform body, the arrangement and size of the hooks, the number of cement glands, and egg size. Part of the SSU and LSU genes were sequenced and compared to those in GenBank. Sequences are most similar to other species of Centrorhynchus, supporting their placement within this genus. We present the first molecular study for a species of Centrorhynchus from South America. Additionally, it is the second species of the genus described in Argentina, and the first species of a terrestrial acanthocephalan from a bird in Patagonia.

The description of Centrorhynchus globirostris n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) from the pheasant crow, Centropus sinensis (Stephens) in Pakistan, with gene sequence analysis and emendation of the family diagnosis.

A new species of Centrorhynchus (Centrorhynchidae) with receptacle insertion at the posterior third of the proboscis is described from the pheasant crow Centropus sinensis (Stephens) (Cuculidae) in Pakistan. Centrorhynchu sglobirostris n. sp. is similar to the 98 other known species of Centrorhynchus Lühe, 1911 in having long cylindrical trunk with anterior dilation and transverse anastomoses of the secondary lacunar vessels. However, specimens of C. globirostris differ from all other species of the genus by having a unique globular proboscis not divided into anterior proboscis with rooted hooks and posterior proboscis with rootless spines. Posterior hooks of C. globirostris emerge at the level of the receptacle insertion and are uniquely fully rooted. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of C. globirostris 18S and 28S ribosomal RNA genes reveals the genetic and evolutionary relationships between C. globirostris and other members of Centrorhynchidae which have representative orthologs in public databases. Comparison to known acanthocephalans confirms appropriate inclusion in the genus Centrorhynchus.

Centrorhynchidae (Acanthocephala) including the description of new species of Centrorhynchus from birds from the Côte d'Ivoire, Africa

Abstract A collection of acanthocephalans from 16 species of birds from the Cote d'Ivoire Africa included, from the Gigantorhynchidae, Mediorhynchus taeniatus, from Tockus fasciatus semifasciatus, a new locality record, a first report from this host, and 3 new species. Mediorhynchus cisticolae n. sp. is described from Cisticola erythrops erythrops (type host), Acrocephalus arudinaceus arudinaceus, Hirundo lucida lucida, Parus leucomelas guineensis, and Turdus pelios chiganoides. Mediorhynchus turdi n. sp. is described from T. p. chiganoides (type host), Cisticola anonymus, and C. e. erythrops. Mediorhynchus spinaepaucitas is described from Macronyx c. croceus (type host), A. a. arudinaceus, Laniarius aethiopicus, Merops albicollis, Ploceus nigricillis, Pogoniulus scolopaceus, Prinea subflava melanorhyncha, Ptilopachus petrosus, and T. p. chiganoides.

Extraintestinal Migration of Centrorhynchus sp. (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) in Experimentally Infected Rats

Reptiles were known to serve as paratenic hosts for Centrorhynchus (Acanthocephala: Centrorhynchidae) in Korea, but the infection course in experimental animals was not elucidated yet. In this study, the tiger keelback snakes (Rhabdophis tigrinus) were collected and digested with artificial pepsin solution, and the larvae of Centrorhynchus were recovered from them. Then, the collected larvae were orally infected to rats for developmental observations. In rats, all the larvae were observed outside the intestine on day 3 post-infection (PI), including the mesentery and abdominal muscles. As for the development in rats, the ovary of Centrorhynchus sp. was observed at day 15 PI, and the cement glands were 3 in number. Based on the morphological characteristics, including the arrangement of proboscis hooks, these larvae proved to be a species of Centrorhynchus, and more studies were needed for species identification.

The Occurrence of Centrorhynchus (Acanthocephala) in Shrews (Sorex araneus and Sorex minutus) in the United Kingdom

Encysted acanthocephalans belonging to the genus Centrorhynchus were found in the body cavities of Sorex araneus (common shrew) and Sorex minutus (pygmy shrew) from Boxworth, Cambridgeshire, U.K. Fifty percent of the male S. araneus and 67% of the male S. minutus examined were found to be infected, with the mean intensity (+/-SD) being 54.3 +/- 91.3 and 14.7 +/- 18.4, respectively. The species of Centrorhynchus in the shrews may be Centrorhynchus aluconis, which is distributed widely in tawny owls, Strix aluco, in the United Kingdom. Shrews appear to serve as paratenic hosts for C. aluconis.

Centrorhynchus spilornae sp. n. (Acanthocephala), and Other Centrorhynchidae from the Far East

Six species of Centrorhynchus and three species of Sphaerirostris are reported from birds, amphibians, reptiles and mammals from Taiwan, Borneo and Pakistan. C. spilornae sp. n. is described from the serpent eagle, Spilornis cheela hoya. It differs from C. madagascariensis (Golvan, 1957) Golvan, 1960, in possessing two rather than three cement glands; in having longer hooks, with the longest near the apex of the proboscis; and in having a distinct swelling in the center of the proboscis. Centrorhynchus amphibius Das, 1950, is described from adults for the first time. C. falconis Johnston and Best, 1943, is redescribed and the female reported for the first time. Other species discussed are C. magnus Fukui, 1929; C. elongatus Yamaguti, 1935; C. aluconis (Miiller, 1780) Liihe, 1911; C. buteonis (Schrank, 1788) Kostylew, 1914; Sphaerirostris pinguis (Van Cleave, 1918) Golvan, 1960; S. lancea (Westrumb, 1821) Golvan, 1960; and S. turdi (Yamaguti, 1939) Golvan, 1960. The acanthocephalans discussed in this paper were collected by the second author and his associates while attached to Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Taipei, Taiwan. Materials and methods are the same as reported previously (Schmidt and Kuntz, 1966). Measurements are in microns unless otherwise stated. Further host data can be obtained from the second author by referring to the PF, PAK, and PJ numbers stated in text and written on all slides and vials deposited in

Correction: Helminth Fauna of Nicaragua. III. Some Acanthocephala of Birds, including Three New Species of Centrorhynchus

Correction: Helminth Fauna of Nicaragua. III. Some Acanthocephala of Birds, including Three New Species of Centrorhynchus

Helminth Fauna of Nicaragua. III. Some Acanthocephala of Birds, including Three New Species of Centrorhynchus

Acanthocephala collected from birds of El Recreo, Zelaya, Nicaragua are reported. Descriptions of new species include Centrorhynchus kuntzi sp. n. from Buteo magnirostris, C. nicaraguensis sp. n. from Dromococcyx phasianellus, and C. crotophagicola sp. n. from Crotophaga sulcirostris and Piaya cayana. Centrorhynchus albidus Nleyer, 1932 is redescribed from one male specimen found in Ictinia plumbea, and C. sp. is reported from Tyto alba. Ltueheia inscripta (Westrumb, 1821) Travassos 1919 is reported for the first time from Turdus grayi. One hundred and sixty-seven birds representing 84 genera and 35 families were examined for helminth parasites by the junior author in June and July 1954. These birds were collected at the agricultural experiment station at El Recreo, Zelaya, Nicaragua on the Rio Escondido. The present paper presents a report of the Acanthocephala recovered from these birds. Drawings were made with the aid of a camera lucida and microprojector. All measurements are in microns unless otherwise