Specialists In Other Disciplines Research Articles

Szanse reintegracji a remediacja cyfrowa geografii

Nowadays, geographers and specialists in other disciplines perceive information and communication technologies, including GIS software, as part of the inevitable changes in practice and science (including geography). Recent ways of generating, processing, storing, analyzing and sharing data, creating and sharing texts, visualizing, mapping, analyzing, communicating ideas, video, podcasts, and presentations, sharing information, social networks and mainstream media are entirely dependent on computing technologies. Modern science in the digital age uses big data, artificial intelligence – machine learning methods (data mining, pattern recognition, geovisualization, spatial statistics, optimization and spatial simulation), which in turn have renewed interest in and ties with the fields of computational social sciences and data-driven geography, to gain deeper insights into quantitative, time-scale, multi-resolution and multi-scale research. The tool and product of a geographer’s research is, among other things, the map, a medium, a vehicle for geographic theories and ideas and a tool for conveying geo-information. However, the remediation of a traditional map into a digital map involves the transformation, addition, restriction or change of the meaning system of the original. The new digital medium arouses different attitudes, different emotions and triggers new practices of receiving geo-information among professionals and the public. Undoubtedly, this also applies to researchers–geographers who apply in their geospatial research multi-, inter- or transdisciplinary approaches based on different research paradigms. Integrated and problem-focused scientific discourse in geographic research and digital remediation of maps allow us to look at the future of (currently diversified) geographic research with some hope for its reintegration. The aim of the paper is to identify the possibilities, current and prospective paths and research topics of geography in Poland, which are interdisciplinary, combining the field of interest of physical, socio-economic geographers and specialists of space economy, using the modern instrumentarium of information and communication technologies in geography, i.e. geographic information systems.

Borderlands archaeology and the quest for an improved ‘walled-off salad’ recipe

Archaeologists should always have their say in the interpretation of the archaeological record. Moreover, they should not allow those interpretations to be misappropriated by others, whether politicians, journalists or specialists of other disciplines. By contending that borders are a timely topic for archaeological attention, Emily Hanscam and Brian Buchanan (2023) make a decisive epistemological step forward within the field, also opening up the potential of the discipline's specialised knowledge for wider dissemination and impact. They advance from a straightforward position: the argument that re-bordering in the contemporary world, notably through the increasing fencing of borders (Bissonnette & Vallet 2020), often originates in a normative and normalising discourse on the past. The best example, according to the authors, is Hadrian's Wall, which appears as a common justification for the building of contemporary walls on a growing number of international borders. Their text unfolds a comparison between the archaeological findings about that one short segment of the Roman limes in northern Britain and the supposed properties of the contemporary infrastructure on the US/Mexico border, which successive US presidents have sought to reinforce—chief among them Donald Trump.

Institutionalised autonomisation of language learning in a French language centre

Abstract The UFR Lansad (Language centre teaching languages to specialists of other disciplines) was created in 2014 at the University of Lorraine. The process leading to its creation was led by a small number of teachers and researchers, from the pre-existing teams of the previous Lorraine universities (Molle et al. 2019). It is the result of didactic reflection and expertise, which convinced the University board to set up a structure dedicated to foreign language teaching. After several evolutions, the newly-created structure positioned itself as a policy maker in language teaching. Finally, the university board asked the UFR to set up a language training model that could be implemented throughout the institution. This training model involves blended-learning systems that emphasise the concepts of self-directed learning and autonomy and gives a central role to the EDOlang platform and the self-access centres since “part of the research and practice on learner autonomy is situated in self-access language learning settings” (Chateau and Tassinari 2021: 53). After a brief history of the creation of the UFR, the article focuses on this model, inspired by research carried out within the CRAPEL team (Guèly et al. 2021; Holec 2000). It also describes how the model is the result of the dissemination of innovative training courses implemented through action research over the last ten years (Chateau and Zumbihl 2010, 2012; Chateau and Bailly 2021). Furthermore, the paper explains how the institutional recognition of the training framework illustrates the need to promote a strong link between research and training.

Unified methods in collecting, preserving, and archiving coral bleaching and restoration specimens to increase sample utility and interdisciplinary collaboration.

Coral reefs are declining worldwide primarily because of bleaching and subsequent mortality resulting from thermal stress. Currently, extensive efforts to engage in more holistic research and restoration endeavors have considerably expanded the techniques applied to examine coral samples. Despite such advances, coral bleaching and restoration studies are often conducted within a specific disciplinary focus, where specimens are collected, preserved, and archived in ways that are not always conducive to further downstream analyses by specialists in other disciplines. This approach may prevent the full utilization of unexpended specimens, leading to siloed research, duplicative efforts, unnecessary loss of additional corals to research endeavors, and overall increased costs. A recent US National Science Foundation-sponsored workshop set out to consolidate our collective knowledge across the disciplines of Omics, Physiology, and Microscopy and Imaging regarding the methods used for coral sample collection, preservation, and archiving. Here, we highlight knowledge gaps and propose some simple steps for collecting, preserving, and archiving coral-bleaching specimens that can increase the impact of individual coral bleaching and restoration studies, as well as foster additional analyses and future discoveries through collaboration. Rapid freezing of samples in liquid nitrogen or placing at -80 °C to -20 °C is optimal for most Omics and Physiology studies with a few exceptions; however, freezing samples removes the potential for many Microscopy and Imaging-based analyses due to the alteration of tissue integrity during freezing. For Microscopy and Imaging, samples are best stored in aldehydes. The use of sterile gloves and receptacles during collection supports the downstream analysis of host-associated bacterial and viral communities which are particularly germane to disease and restoration efforts. Across all disciplines, the use of aseptic techniques during collection, preservation, and archiving maximizes the research potential of coral specimens and allows for the greatest number of possible downstream analyses.

De l’usage raisonné des ressources documentaires numériques pour le développement de la sous- compétence instrumentale dans la didactique de la traduction spécialisée : retours d’expérience et perspectives en contexte LANSAD

The Reasoned Use of Digital Documentation Resources for the Development of Instrumental Sub-competence in the Teaching of Specialised Translation: Feedback and Perspectives in a LANSAD context
 Within the framework of university teaching, the practice of translation takes the form of an activity essentially based on solving problems involving linguistic knowledge. In the last two decades, the theoretical-experimental studies proposed by textual linguistics and pragmalinguistics have made essential contributions to translation didactics through methodological proposals based on an operational vision of interlinguistic communication, according to which the act of translation must be considered as an act of enunciation carried out for a given purpose, addressed to a specific addressee and inscribed in a particular socio-cultural context. A similar conception is found in sociolinguistic and functionalist approaches that focus on the expectations of the hypothetical client and on the analysis of the source text (ST) at the textual and pragmatic-communicative level. The practical dimension of translation as well as the contextualisation of the assigned tasks are also emphasised in methodological proposals inspired by the principles of task-based language teaching, an approach centred on the realisation of linguistic tasks that emphasise the pragmatic aspect. Similarly, cognitivist approaches to translation, which have emphasised the value of metacognitive sub-competence, aspire to the active participation of learners in the teaching/learning process. To achieve this goal, they are encouraged to reflect on the different preparatory phases of the translation work in which the strategy to be followed in writing the CT is chosen based on certain criteria, such as the purpose, the target audience, the function of the text and its structure. The development of theoretical-methodological competence is thus encouraged, whereby the transition from declarative knowledge, i.e. being aware of the problems a learner may encounter, to procedural knowledge (know-how), i.e. being able to find the most appropriate solution, takes place. Within the framework of translation studies, the practice of translation thus takes the form of an activity essentially based on the resolution of problems involving linguistic, cultural, cognitive, and metacognitive knowledge. Beyond the different perspectives, it seems to us that the most recent approaches to the didactics of translation have identified common training needs and methodological criteria that can be applied in an integrated way in all university courses, whether in LLCE courses for students of foreign languages, literature, and translation or in common or professional language courses for specialists in other disciplines (LANSAD). In this contribution we propose a reflection on the acquisition of skills related to the documentation phase of the translation process in a university context, through the study of a text translated from French into Italian by students of a French Language course for specialists of other disciplines (LANSAD). After reviewing the concept of translational competence and its various subcategories, we present an experimental didactic path based on the use of digital documentary resources and corpora applied to specialised translation, with particular attention to the development of the instrumental sub-competence.

Referral Pattern of Patients to Pediatric Neurosciences Department: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study in Bangladesh

Introduction: Referral system is an important part for providing good quality holistic management in child care. A good number of paediatric patients ranging in age from newborn to 18 years old, have been recorded in neurology outpatient and inpatient settings. Several departments might have child patients who need certain specialist care on neurological disorders who are referred by specialists of other disciplines to pediatrics neurology department for specified diagnosis & proper management, since they excel in such cases. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to track how patients from other specialties of paediatrics get referred to the specialists of pediatric neurosciences department. Materials & Methodology: We conducted this prospective study of recruiting 365 children who were referred to Pediatric Neurosciences Department of Dhaka Shishu Hospital by other physicians. Ethical clearance was taken from concerned authority. The data were analyzed using simple proportion, rates and tables and was presented as frequency by using MS-Excel & SPSS version 20.0. Results: From the total 365 patients, the majority of the 288(78.9%) referred patients came from the general paediatrics OPD of various hospitals and private practices. Among the remainder, 49(13.42%) were from paediatric orthopedic OPD, 13(3.56%) from ophthalmology OPD 7(1.91%) from ophthalmology IPD, 7(1.91%) from neurosurgery OPD and 1(0.3%) from neurosurgery IPD. On the other hand, according to frequency of diagnosis, 88(24.11%) Epilepsy, 64(17.53%) Autism spectrum disorder, 41(11.23%) Neuromuscular disease, 39(10.68%) Neurometabolic disorder, 27(7.4%) Cerebral palsy, 30(8.22%) Syndromic child with ID, 27(7.4%) Cerebral palsy, 17(4.66%) Somatoform disorder, 13(3.56%) Constitutional speech delay & finally 2(0.55%) Peripheral neuropathy had been found in this study. Conclusion: The most common cause for referral was to seek advice and management from a special multidisciplinary service. ...........

Toxicity after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy : Overview and management of early and late onset side effects

The transfusion of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T‑cells has become established as anew treatment option in oncology; however, this is regularly associated with immune-mediated side effects, which can also run asevere course and necessitate aspecific treatment and intensive medical treatment. A literature review was carried out on CART-cell therapy, toxicities and the management of side effects. The cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and the immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) regularly occur shortly after CART-cell treatment. The symptoms of CRS can range from mild flu-like symptoms to multiorgan failure. In addition to mild symptoms, such as disorientation and aphasia, ICANS can also lead to convulsive seizures and brain edema. The management of CRS and ICANS is based on the severity according to the grading of the American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT). Tocilizumab and corticosteroids are recommended for CRS and corticosteroids are used for ICANS. In the further course persisting hypogammaglobulinemia and cytopenia are frequent even months after the initial treatment and promote infections even months after CAR T‑cell therapy. Potentially severe complications regularly occur after CART-cell therapy. An interdisciplinary cooperation between intensive care physicians, hematologists, neurologists and specialists in other disciplines is of decisive importance for the optimal care of patients after CAR T‑cell therapy.

Meme language, its impact on digital culture and collective thinking

Memes have become an increasingly common form of modern communication, which has recently attracted great research interest. In this article we analyze "language - memes", its influence on digital culture and collective thinking. The Internet, by expanding social content, contributes to the variability of cultural codes and consequently changes an individual’s cultural identity throughout life. The culture composed of cultural groups is defined as a kind of macro-code, consisting of numerous codes that are commonly used to interpret reality among members of the cyber community. Identity is also transmitted through the use of a specific language during interaction, which is a marker of discourse, in which Memes represent a distinctive business card. Linguists, as well as specialists in other disciplines (such as philosophy, anthropology) use each other’s work to study the interrelationships and mutual influences of language and culture. The study proposed a hypothesis about the influence of the Internet on changes in society’s thinking, the formation of the Internet culture and language, using the example of meme language, which is confirmed by the analysis of Internet survey. The interdisciplinary nature of the research is due to the use of mathematical method and the logic of meme language, its impact on digital culture and collective thinking, which is represented in the responses of respondents to the questions in online questionnaires.

USING A TEAM-BASED LEARNING METHOD FOR A LESSON

The article discusses the method of team-oriented learning. It is planned to achieve the goal based on the use of voluminous texts of various styles in teaching the Kazakh language. Based on the interpretation and analysis of the content structure of texts, it is proved that the effective use of interdisciplinary communication or modern form of Team training is an effective method of acquiring knowledge that increases students ' interest, expands their knowledge, and forms business skills. Professional interpretation of the text or topic in accordance with the content, for example, about architecture, historical text or crafts, etc., through the integration of specialists of other disciplines in one team with a Kazakh language teacher, increases the cognitive, worldview level of the student, along with interest. At the same time, the importance of conducting national educational work and knowledge acquisition through team training was noted for the number of students.

An end-user-friendly hydrological Web Service for hydrograph prediction in ungauged basins

ABSTRACT A consolidated geomorphology-based approach for discharge prediction in ungauged basins (PUB) through deconvolution of discharge signals from gauged donor catchments, their transposition and their convolution towards target outlets, has been made available online to end users through a Web Processing Service (WPS) for the synoptic peninsular region of Brittany, France. In the spirit of hydrological services, the SIMFEN WPS allows anyone to execute the hydrological modelling package transfR online through: (1) Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC®) interoperability standards; (2) collection and use of public hydrometric data; (3) connection to the pre-existing MNTSurf WPS for geomorphometric analysis; (4) visualization using a collaboratively developed Mviewer; and (5) innovative WPS workflows. The ability to model discharge series at any ungauged outlet of the synoptic region is offered to specialists of other disciplines, non-modeller water practitioners and interested citizens to support interdisciplinarity, water monitoring and management, and related science-society-policy debates and actions.

Factitious Trauma in a Patient with a History of Kidnapping and Rape

In clinical practice, physicians deal with patients who complain of severe traumas, such as physical or sexual abuse. Trauma can lead to mortality or physical disability; besides, stressful events can also cause psychological trauma. Psychiatrists and specialists in other disciplines, treat the patients according to this narrative and trust in patient histories. Doctors should consider another diagnosis, especially when the patient's history does not match the results of the examinations and paraclinical findings

Adding virtual reality to the university self-access language centre

AbstractImmersing students in communicative situations facilitates learning, engages emotions, and fosters socio-cognitive conflicts leading learners to develop abilities (Dewaele 2010; Bourguignon 2006; Privas-Bréauté 2017). In this context, the UFR Lansad – languages for the specialists of other disciplines – in charge of language teaching policy for non-specialist students at the University of Lorraine (France) opened a virtual reality (VR) space in which experimentations are carried out. Researchers intend to study how VR might support second language development and contribute to enhance students’ cultural awareness. To do so, VR workshops are offered, VR sessions with student teachers implemented and an international collaboration experimentation in English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is under way. Although learners’ reactions and feedback are very positive, the first implementation of the new VR space leads us to understand that VR and its pedagogical uses might suffer from some flaws.RésuméImmerger les élèves dans des situations de communication facilite l’apprentissage, engendre les émotions et favorise les conflits socio-cognitifs amenant les apprenants à développer leurs capacités (Dewaele 2010; Bourguignon 2006; Privas-Bréauté 2017). Dans ce contexte, l’UFR Lansad – langues pour les spécialistes des autres disciplines – en charge de l’enseignement des langues pour les étudiants non spécialistes à l’Université de Lorraine (France) a ouvert un espace de réalité virtuelle (VR) dans lequel des expérimentations sont menées. Les chercheurs ont l’intention d’étudier comment la réalité virtuelle pourrait soutenir le développement d’une langue seconde et contribuer à améliorer la conscience culturelle des étudiants. Pour ce faire, des ateliers de réalité virtuelle sont proposés, des sessions de réalité virtuelle avec des futurs enseignants sont mises en place et une expérimentation de collaboration internationale en anglais à des fins spécifiques (ESP) est en cours. Bien que les réactions et les retours des apprenants soient très positifs, la première mise en oeuvre du nouvel espace de réalité virtuelle nous a amenés à comprendre que la réalité virtuelle et ses utilisations pédagogiques pourraient présenter certains défauts.

Diversity in Creative Writing Workshops: the Case of Undergraduates studying English as a Foreign Language

In the context of an emergent pedagogy of creative writing, this article aims to present our English Foreign Language (EFL) creative writing workshops for second-year undergraduate specialists in other disciplines (LANSOD). Diversity, whether it be in terms of student needs, levels, specialist subjects or experiences is an inherent part of many LANSOD courses, and our course is no exception. This article will show our attempts to harness the potential creative energy of this diversity in order to enable our students to express themselves in written form, in a personal, perhaps even original manner. Our work on collocations, error treatment and feedback provided to and by students during the writing workshops will be presented in more detail, as will the effects of encouraging students to adopt a more reflexive stance to language learning.

Adaptive E-Learning as a Possible Solution to Counter Heterogeneity in Classrooms? English Grammar Seen Through Cognitive Psychology and Psychometric Methods

One of the main difficulties met in teaching Languages for Specialists of Other Disciplines (Lansod) is the heterogeneity of the learners’ levels. Handling a classroom is thus a challenge for teachers. In English, the improvement of both expression and comprehension competences, both written and spoken, depends on the knowledge of grammar, as shown by Ellis’s research (Second Language Acquisition). The project presented in this text (TACIT-Grammar) is part of the dynamic created in the universities in order to develop the use of digital technologies. The platform Tacit targets the evaluation and adaptive remediation of cross-disciplinary cognitive and linguistic competences. In this context, a module dedicated to English grammar is currently in progress to meet the specific needs of the Lansod.

A Digital Voice for Russian Rock: Perspectives on Digitization of Russian Rock Zines

ABSTRACTSoviet and post-Soviet rock music zines comprise a fascinating resource not only for historians of music, but also for cultural historians, graphic designers, linguists, and specialists in other disciplines as well as the general public. This article discusses the importance of creating a digital project, based on the highly unique Russian rock/Youth Counterculture rock zine collection from the Global Resources Center at the George Washington University Library and other sources. The author describes the content and organization of the project, which would serve as a platform for research and teaching. In addition, various challenges involved in the implementation of the project, such as copyright issues, are addressed.

Communicating Science through Comics: A Method

Scientists are trained to tell stories, scientific stories. Training is also needed to comprehend and contextualize these highly nuanced and technical stories because they are designed to explicitly convey scientific results, delineate their limitations, and describe a reproducible “plot” so that any thorough reenactment can achieve a similar conclusion. Although a carefully constructed scientific story may be crystal clear to other scientists in the same discipline, they are often inaccessible to broader audiences. This is problematic as scientists are increasingly expected to communicate their work to broader audiences that range from specialists in other disciplines to the general public. In fact, science communication is of increasing importance to acquire funding and generate effective outreach, as well as introduce, and sometimes even justify, research to society. This paper suggests a simple and flexible framework to translate a complex scientific publication into a broadly-accessible comic format. Examples are given for embedding scientific details into an easy-to-understand storyline. A background story is developed and panels are generated that convey scientific information via plain language coupled with recurring comic elements to maximize comprehension and memorability. This methodology is an attempt to alleviate the inherent limitations of interdisciplinary and public comprehension that result from standard scientific publication and dissemination practices. We also hope that this methodology will help colleagues enter into the field of science comics.

Non-obstetrical indications for cesarean section: a state-of-the-art review

To propose an evidence-based review on the most frequent indications for Cesarean section (CS) given by specialists in disciplines other than Obstetrics and Gynecology, with the aim of increasing consciousness about the available data in the literature and the guidelines recommendations about topics that are not frequently managed by obstetricians and gynecologists. We analyzed hospital discharge data regarding deliveries occurred in a 10-year study period in our department to obtain the prevalence and the list of the most recurrent non-obstetrical indications for CS. A search was performed in PubMed, the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, Web of Science and Ovid MEDLINE and only studies published in English from 1950 to 2017 were included. For indications for which no systematic reviews existed, we included the best available evidence, including guidelines of non-obstetrics scientific societies or organizations, RCTs, non-randomized controlled clinical trials, case-control studies, cohort studies, and case series. The rising rate of CS registered in the recent years is not justified by reduction in maternal--fetal risk or perinatal outcomes and often reflects inappropriate clinical behaviour and a wrong tendency that assimilates CS as a defensive practice. In a relevant percentage of cases, the indication to CS is given by specialists in other disciplines, even when specific guidelines do not give clear recommendation about the route of delivery. To refuse non-obstetrical indications for CS, when scientific support is lacking, could be a useful and safe strategy to further reduce the rate of unnecessary CS.

Source control in septic shock

Source control encompasses a spectrum of interventions whose objective is to eradicate a focus of infection, to eliminate ongoing microbial contamination, and to render a site in hospitable to microbial growth and invasion. Adequate source control in conjunction with antibiotics, resuscitation and support of vital organ function - is a cornerstone of the successful management of the septic patient.The principles of source control in the management of sepsis and septic shock include rapid diagnosis of the specifi c site of infection. A careful history and physical examination often yield clues to the source of sepsis and help guide subsequent microbiologic evaluation. Healthcare professionals should engage specialists in other disciplines, such as radiology, surgery, pulmonary medicine, and gastroenterology, to obtain diagnostic samples and to drain, debride, or remove the infection source as appropriate.

Ancient History of Technology in West Africa: The Indigenous Glass/Glass Bead Industry and the Society in Early Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria

The technology of glassmaking is complex. This complexity has been cited for the exclusion of the development of ancient glass technology from certain regions of the world, especially Africa, South of the Sahara. Thus, much of the existing scholarship on the technology of ancient glass has focused on the Middle East, Mediterranean, and Southeast and South Asia. Although the discourse on indigenous African technology has gained traction in Black studies, the study of ancient glass seems to have been left mainly in the hands of specialists in other disciplines. Drawing from archaeological and historical evidence from Ile-Ife, Southwest Nigeria, in tandem with the result of compositional analysis, this article examines the first recognized indigenous Sub-Saharan African glass technology dated to early second millennium ad or earlier. The development of the local glass recipe and the making of beads not only ushered in a social, religious, and economic transformation in Yorubaland as well as the other West African societies but also redressed the place of Sub-Saharan African in the historiographical map of ancient global technology and commerce.

The Use of Lumbar Spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Eastern China: Appropriateness and Related Factors.

Back pain is common and costly. While a general scene of back pain related practice in China remains unknown, there are signs of excessive use of lumbar spine magnetic resonance (MR). We retrospectively studied 3107 lumbar spine MRIs in Eastern China to investigate the appropriateness of lumbar spine MR use. Simple back pain is the most common chief complaint for ordering a lumbar MR study. Only 41.3% of lumbar spine MR studies identified some findings that may have potential clinical significance. Normal lumbar spine is the most common diagnosis (32.7%), followed by lumbar disc bulging and lumbar disc herniation. Walk difficulties, back injury and referred leg pain as chief complaints were associated with greater chance of detecting potentially clinically positive lumbar MR image findings, as compare with simple back pain. There was no difference in positive rates among orthopedic surgeon and specialists of other disciplines. Lumbar spine MR imaging was generally overused in Eastern China by various specialists, particularly at health assessment centers. For appropriate use of lumbar spine MR, orthopedic surgeons are no better than physicians of other disciplines. Professional training and clinical guidelines are needed to facilitate evidence-based back pain practice in China.