Analysis Of Spatial-temporal Distribution Research Articles

Influence of Rainfall and Spatial Temporal Distribution Analysis of Total Suspended Solid in Laut Tawar Lake

Total Suspended Solid (TSS) is a solid particle suspended in the water column of organic and inorganic materials, sized more than two micrometers. The high concentration of TSS in the waters causes a decrease in water clarity and potentially reduces dissolved oxygen that can threaten the life of aquatic biota. This study aims to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of TSS and analyze the influence of rainfall on TSS in Laut Tawar Lake waters. The lake TSS ranged from 44 – 91 mg/L with an average of 68.67 ± 11.23 mg/L. Spatially TSS ranged from 63.17 - 73.67 mg/L and temporally ranged from 51.14 - 81.43 mg/L. The distribution of TSS was not spatially different because the lake waters are perfectly agitated. The difference in TSS was obtained temporally due to the influence of rainfall. The catchment area can be eroded by only 100 mm of rain/month. It leads to high production of TSS loading into the lake waters. It was indicated by the difference in TSS of Dry Months with TSS of Wet and Moist Months. The determinant coefficient of influence of rainfall on the TSS concentration of the lake waters is 0.62.

Analysis of spatial-temporal distribution of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Shandong Province, China during 2005\u20132014

BackgroundLittle comprehensive information on overall epidemic trend of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases is available in Shandong Province, China. This study aimed to determine the spatiotemporal distribution and epidemic characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases.MethodsTime series was firstly performed to describe the temporal distribution feature of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases during 2005–2014 in Shandong Province. GIS Natural Breaks (Jenks) was applied to divide the average annual incidence of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases into five grades. Spatial empirical Bayesian smoothed risk maps and excess risk maps were further used to investigate spatial patterns of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases. Global and local Moran’s I statistics were used to measure the spatial autocorrelation. Spatial-temporal scanning was used to detect spatiotemporal clusters and identify high-risk locations.ResultsA total of 537,506 cases of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases were reported in Shandong Province during 2005–2014. The morbidity of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases had obvious seasonality with high morbidity in winter and spring. Local Moran’s I analysis showed that there were 5, 23, 24, 4, 20, 8, 14, 10 and 7 high-risk counties determined for influenza A (H1N1), measles, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, pertussis, scarlet fever, influenza, mumps and rubella, respectively. The spatial-temporal clustering analysis determined that the most likely cluster of influenza A (H1N1), measles, tuberculosis, meningococcal meningitis, pertussis, scarlet fever, influenza, mumps and rubella included 74, 66, 58, 56, 22, 64, 2, 75 and 56 counties, and the time frame was November 2009, March 2008, January 2007, February 2005, July 2007, December 2011, November 2009, June 2012 and May 2005, respectively.ConclusionsThere were obvious spatiotemporal clusters of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Shandong during 2005–2014. More attention should be paid to the epidemiological and spatiotemporal characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases to establish new strategies for its control.

Новейшая активизация шовной зоны Сибирского кратона под Южным Байкалом: от мел-палеогенового орогена к неоген-четвертичному рифту

From the analysis of spatial-temporal distribution of sediments in the south of East Siberia, we present evidence on two stages in the evolution of neotectonic structure: Cretaceous-Paleogene and Neogene-Quaternary. The former was exhibited by formation of the South Baikal orogen accompanied by flank development of the Predbaikal and Selenga-Vitim foredeeps, the latter by the subsidence of the South Baikal basin, its filling of sediments and water simultaneously with the development of the whole Baikal Rift System.

Spatial-Temporal Distribution Analysis of Industrial Heat Sources in the US with Geocoded, Tree-Based, Large-Scale Clustering

Heavy industrial burning contributes significantly to the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It is responsible for almost one-quarter of the global energy-related CO2 emissions and its share continues to grow. Mostly, those industrial emissions are accompanied by a great deal of high-temperature heat emissions from the combustion of carbon-based fuels by steel, petrochemical, or cement plants. Fortunately, these industrial heat emission sources treated as thermal anomalies can be detected by satellite-borne sensors in a quantitive way. However, most of the dominant remote sensing-based fire detection methods barely work well for heavy industrial heat source discernment. Although the object-oriented approach, especially the data clustering-based approach, has guided a novel method of detection, it is still limited by the costly computation and storage resources. Furthermore, when scaling to a national, or even global, long time-series detection, it is greatly challenged by the tremendous computation introduced by the incredible large-scale data clustering of tens of millions of high-dimensional fire data points. Therefore, we proposed an improved parallel identification method with geocoded, task-tree-based, large-scale clustering for the spatial-temporal distribution analysis of industrial heat emitters across the United States from long time-series active Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) data. A recursive k-means clustering method is introduced to gradually segment and cluster industrial heat objects. Furthermore, in order to avoid the blindness caused by random cluster center initialization, the time series VIIRS hotspots data are spatially pre-grouped into GeoSOT-encoded grid tasks which are also treated as initial clustering objects. In addition, some grouped parallel clustering strategy together with geocoding-aware task tree scheduling is adopted to sufficiently exploit parallelism and performance optimization. Then, the spatial-temporal distribution pattern and its changing trend of industrial heat emitters across the United States are analyzed with the identified industrial heat sources. Eventually, the performance experiment also demonstrated the efficiency and encouraging scalability of this approach.

Sickle Cell Anaemia Prevalence Among Newborns in the Brazilian Amazon-Savanna Transition Region.

Sickle cell anaemia is one of the most common hemoglobinopathies worldwide and an important public health problem in Brazil. This study evaluated the prevalence of sickle cell anaemia and its traits in newborns from the Amazon-Savanna Transition Region in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out, based on data from neonatal screening tests performed in 2013–2015 in Maranhão. The Hardy-Weinberg theorem was applied to analyse the frequency of expected homozygotes based on HbSS phenotype. A spatial-temporal distribution analysis was performed to delimit the regions with the greatest number of newborn cases with sickle cell anaemia. Of 283,003 newborns, 162 were found to have sickle cell anaemia, while 10,794 had a sickle cell trait, with a prevalence of 0.05% and 3.8%, respectively. The prevalence of expected homozygotes was higher in the North Region and in the state capital of Maranhão. This study may contribute to existing social and public health actions or the creation of new strategies for sickle cell disease in endemic areas in Brazil to improve the quality of life.

Analysis of spatial-temporal distribution of pesticide poisoning in Quzhou, 2013-2017

Objective: To analysis the epidemic and spatial characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Quzhou during 2013-2017, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of influenza in Quzhou in the future. Methods: The incidence data of pesticide poisoning from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2017 in Quzhou collected from China Information System For Disease Control And Prevention. The descriptive analysis conducted by using SPSS18.0 software, and the Sa T Scan 9.2 software was used to complete space-time scan. Finally, ArcMap10.2 software was used to visualize the results. Results: There were 1819 cases of pesticide poisoning in Quzhou from 2007 to 2016, among which 298 cases were reported for productive poisoning, the incidence peak was from August to September, the highest number of patients in productive poisoning was in the age group of 46-60 years old and over 61 years old, with 109 patients in each group, and the number of male patients was significantly higher than that of female (χ(2)=63.857, P<0.01) . 1521 cases of non-productive pesticide poisoning were reported, among which the proportion of suicide poisoning (57.65%) was far higher than that of accidental poisoning (28.97%) , the number of female suicide poisoning was higher than that of male (χ(2)=5.510, P=0.019) , the proportion of accidental poisoning was the highest in the ≤15 years age group (89.00%, 89/100) , furthermore the number of suicide poisoning was the highest in the ≥61 years age group (314) . The incidence of pesticide poisoning could be detected by temporal-spatial scanning statistics, the time clustering is from August to September, the spatial clustering is in Jiangshan city, there are consistent with the descriptive of pesticide poisoning. Conclusion: The pesticide poisoning in Quzhou is mainly caused by non-productive suicide poisoning, and the spatial clustering is in Jiangshan city. Relevant departments should carry out targeted prevention and control measures according to the different characteristics of pesticide poisoning in clustered and non-clustered areas.

Analysis of spatial-temporal distribution and influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in China, during 2008-2015.

At present, the number of people with tuberculosis in China is second only to India and ranks second in the world. Under such a severe case of tuberculosis in China, prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis are urgently needed. This study aimed to study the temporal and geographical relevance of the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis and the factors affecting the incidence of tuberculosis. Spatial autocorrelation model was used to study the spatial distribution characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis from a quantitative level. The research results showed that the overall incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (IPT) in China was low in the east, high in the west and had certain seasonal characteristics. We use Spatial Lag Model to explore influencing factors of pulmonary tuberculosis. It indicates that the IPT is high in areas with underdeveloped economics, poor social services and low average smoking ages. Additionally, the IPT is high in areas with high AIDS prevalence. Also, compared with Classical Regression Model and Spatial Error Model, our model has smaller values of Akaike information criterion and Schwarz criterion. Besides, our model has bigger values of coefficient of determination (R2) and log-likelihood (log L) than the other two models. Apart from that, it is more significant than Spatial Error Models in the spatial dependence test for the IPT.

Analysis of Spatial-temporal Distribution, Focus Trends and Evolution of Sports Culture Education Research in China

Based on the bibliometric method, 770 papers on sports culture education collected in CSSCI on CNKI since 1998 were visualized, and the scientific knowledge graph was drawn by the CiteSpace V visual analysis software to study the number of papers on sports culture education, scientific research institutions, authors, research focus and evolutionary processes to further gain an overall understanding of the trends and dynamics of sports education research in China, which provides a reference for the direction of sports culture education research. Research conclusions: Firstly, the research on sports culture education in China began in 1998, and the number of publications reached the peak in 2014, which afterwards still remained high despite slight decline. Secondly, normal colleges and universities are the main force for the research on sports culture education. Thirdly, in terms of the evolutionary process, the research on sports culture education continuously keeps eyes on school sports, and transfer its focus to the competitive sports and mass sports at the later stage, indicating that sports culture education is a systematic project involving the entire population and requires the participation of the whole society.

Epidemic characteristics and spatio-temporal patterns of scrub typhus during 2006-2013 in Tai'an, Northern China.

Tai'an, a famous cultural tourist district, is a new endemic foci of scrub typhus in northern China. Frequent reports of travel-acquired cases and absence of effective vaccine indicated a significant health problem of scrub typhus in Tai'an. Thus, descriptive epidemiological methods and spatial-temporal scan statistics were used to describe the epidemic characteristics and detect the significant clusters of the high incidence of scrub typhus at the town level in Tai'an. Results of descriptive epidemiological analysis showed a total of 490 cases were reported in Tai'an with the annual average incidence ranging from 0·48 to 2·27/100 000 during 2006-2013. Females, the elderly and farmers are the high-risk groups. Monthly changes of scrub typhus cases indicated an obvious epidemic period in autumn. Spatial-temporal distribution analysis, showed significant clusters of high incidence mainly located in eastern and northern Tai'an. Our study suggests that more effective, targeted measures for local residents should be implemented in the eastern and northern areas of Tai'an in autumn. Meanwhile, it may prove beneficial for health policy makers to advise travellers to take preventive measures in order to minimize the risk of infection of scrub typhus in Tai'an.

The spatial–temporal distribution of the atmospheric polluting agents during the period 2000–2005 in the Urban Area of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

In the large cities, the disordered urban development, the industrial activities, and the transport, have caused elevated concentrations of polluting agents and possible risks to the health of the population. The metropolises located in valleys with little ventilation (such as the Urban Area of Guadalajara: UAG) present low dispersion of polluting agents can cause high risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this work was to describe the spatial–temporal distribution of the atmospheric polluting agents: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2), sulfur dioxide (SO 2), particles smaller than 10 microns (μm) (PM 10) and ozone (O 3) in the UAG during the period 2000–2005. A spatial–temporal distribution analysis was made by means of graphic interpolation (Kriging method) of the statistical parameters of CO, NO 2, SO 2, PM 10 and O 3 with the collected data from eight stations of atmospheric monitoring in the UAG. The results show that the distributions of the atmospheric polluting agents are variable during the analyzed years. The polluting agent with highest concentration is PM 10 (265.42 μg/m 3), followed by O 3 (0.11 ppm), NO 2 (0.11 ppm), CO (9.17 ppm) and SO 2 (0.05 ppm). The most affected zone is the southeast of the UAG. The results showed that an important percentage of days exceed the Mexican norms of air quality (93–199 days/year).

Multifractal analysis of spatial-temporal distribution of earthquakes (in Chinese) : Wang Linying, Zhu Chuanzhen & Huang Rongliang, Earthquake (Beijing), 5(5), 1994, pp 11–19

Multifractal analysis of spatial-temporal distribution of earthquakes (in Chinese) : Wang Linying, Zhu Chuanzhen & Huang Rongliang, Earthquake (Beijing), 5(5), 1994, pp 11–19