Spatial Geographical Distribution Research Articles

Research on power generation prediction of hydropower in river basin based on multi-head attention graph convolutional neural network

For the power generation prediction of traditional hydropower stations, most of them only use time series prediction and neglect to study the spatial topological relationship of hydropower stations in the river basin, so that it is difficult to fully explore the characteristic relationship of space power stations. In this paper, a research method for power generation prediction of hydropower in river basin hydropower stations based on multi-head attention map convolutional neural network is proposed. This method establishes a first-level node neighborhood feature map based on the spatial geographic distribution information of hydropower stations in the basin, and uses the method of graph convolution to carry out node feature mining and feature learning, so as to transform the power generation capacity evaluation problem of the hydropower station in the basin into the node prediction problem in the graph, which is different from the global normalization rule. the multi-head attention mechanism introduced further improves the information aggregation quality of the graph node, and uses the historical temperature, power generation, electricity price, unit status and other data of each hydropower station in the basin for training. The reasoning results show that the proposed method achieves higher accuracy than other schemes, and the power prediction method is conducive to the formulation of power plans of hydropower stations in the basin, and can also play a positive role in guiding the site selection of hydropower plants.

A dynamic study of the postoperative management of thyroid cancer from 2003 to 2022: a bibliometric analysis.

Over the past 20 years, the global incidence of thyroid cancer has continued to increase. The volume of literature on the postoperative management of thyroid cancer comprises 1,040 articles, from 64 countries, with 1,400 journals publishing the relevant literature, and several guidelines on the treatment of thyroid cancer. This study used bibliometric methods to identify research hotspots and explore future directions in this field. We comprehensively searched the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) database of the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) for articles published from 2003 to 2022 on the postoperative management of thyroid cancer. Using CiteSpace 6.1.R6 and Microsoft Office Excel 2010, we evaluated and visualized the search results. Using R Studio, we generated a network of spatial geographic distribution maps and cooperative network. A total of 1,040 publications were included in the study. The results revealed an overall upward trend in the number of publications and citations over the past 20 years. The United States of America (USA) had the largest number of publications and the highest centrality (n=282, centrality =0.28). Johns Hopkins University had highest centrality (centrality =0.15) and was the academic center of the field. Thyroid was the journal with the highest number of citations (n=826), and the American Journal of Surgical Pathology was the journal with the highest centrality (centrality =0.08). The top 10 citations in the literature were mainly guidelines and consensus statements on the management of thyroid cancer. A keyword-based clustering analysis revealed the prominence of clusters of keywords, such as follow-up, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). A keyword burst detection analysis showed that the term papillary had the highest burst intensity (strength =8.02), while management guidelines, association guidelines, active surveillance (AS), microcarcinoma, and differentiated thyroid cancer were the current burst words. Over the past two decades, the number of relevant publications in the postoperative management of thyroid cancer field has continued to grow. Among the many research directions, follow-up, recurrent laryngeal nerve, and MTC are research hotspots. Future research is likely to revolve around guidelines and consensus statements on the management of thyroid cancer, AS, and microcarcinoma in differentiated thyroid cancer.

Spatial correlation between the prevalence of dental fluorosis and the chemical elemental composition of drinking water sources in a typical coal-fired pollution fluorosis area

Objective: To investigate the spatial distribution characteristics and correlation between the prevalence of dental fluorosis and the chemical elemental composition of drinking water sources in coal-fired fluorosis areas. Methods: Based on the survey data on the prevalence of dental fluorosis at CDC in Guizhou Province in 2022, 274 original surface drinking water sources were collected in typical coal-fired fluorosis areas, and fluoride (F), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), titanium (Ti), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), cadmium (Cd), barium (Ba), lead (Pb) 17 elements; apply Moran's I index, Getis-Ord Gi* hotspot analysis of the global spatial autocorrelation of chemical elements in drinking water and the degree of aggregation of each element on the local area, and correlation analysis with the prevalence of dental fluorosis in the region. Results: Except for Cu, Zn, and Cd, global spatial autocorrelation Moran's I was negative, and all other elements were positive. F, Ca, Al, Ti, As, Mo, Cd, and Cu elements showed high values of aggregation in the southeastern low-altitude area; Mg, Ba, Pb, Cr, Mn, and Fe elements were mainly aggregated in the central altitude terrain transition area, Zn and Se elements in water sources are significantly positively correlated with the prevalence of dental fluorosis (P<0.05). In contrast, F, Mg, Al, Ti, As, Mo, Cd, Ba, and Pb elements negatively correlate (P<0.05). Elements in the central region were high-high aggregation, as a hot spot aggregation area with high disease incidence, while F, Al, Mn, Mo, Cd, and Ba elements in the western region were low-low aggregation, as a cold spot aggregation area with a low incidence of fluorosis. Conclusions: The risk of population fluoride exposure in surface drinking water sources is shallow. However, the chemical element content of drinking water sources in coal-fired polluted endemic fluorosis areas has prominent spatial geographical distribution characteristics. There is a significant spatial aggregation effect with the prevalence of dental fluorosis, which may play a synergistic or antagonistic effect on the occurrence and prevalence of dental fluorosis.

Research on the impact of energy technology innovation on total factor ecological efficiency.

Promoting sustainable economic development from the perspective of energy technology is crucial, given limited energy resources and severe environmental pollution. Based on the panel data of China's provinces from 2000 to 2017, we empirically explore the complex relation among energy technology innovation, regional economic growth, and total factor ecological efficiency. We innovatively introduce ecological footprint as one of the input indicators of total factor ecological efficiency measured using slack-based measure-data envelopment analysis, thereby comprehensively quantifying sustainable economic development. Moreover, we adopt spatial econometric and threshold regression models to empirically assess the relation between energy technology innovation and total factor ecological efficiency. We infer the following conclusions. First, both China's provincial ecological efficiency and energy technology innovation possess significant spatial positive correlation, manifesting a spatial geographical distribution agglomerated by similar characteristics. Second, the regional energy technology innovation has a remarkable spatial effect on ecological efficiency, displaying a U-shaped trend. Compared with the direct effect, the spatial spillover effect is more intense, along with a much stronger long-term influence. Third, under the regulation of regional economic growth, two inflection points exist in the effect of energy technology innovation on ecological efficiency. Energy technology innovation is not conducive to total factor ecological efficiency under low regional economic growth. No significant relation exists between the two core variables under medium regional economic growth. Furthermore, energy technology innovation positively influences total factor ecological efficiency only when regional economic growth reaches a certain peak.

Antagonistic Interactions Between Fusaria Species and Their Host Plants Are Influenced by Host Taxonomic Distance: A Case Study From Mexico

Interactions between cultivated and wild plants with their fungal pathogens have strong ecological, evolutionary and economic implications. Antagonistic interactions, however, have been scantily studied in an applied context by using ecological networks, phylogeny and spatial ecology concurrently. In this study, we describe for the first time, the topological structure of plant-fungi networks involving species of the genusFusariumand their native and introduced (exotic) cultivated host plants in Mexico. For this, we based our study on a recent database describing the attack on 75 native and introduced plant species, including 35 species of the genusFusarium. Host plant species varied in their degree of phylogenetical relatedness (Monocots and Dicots) and spatial geographical distribution. Therefore, we also tested whether or not plant-Fusariumnetworks are phylogenetically structured and highlighted the spatial correlation between pathogens and their host plants across the country. In general, the pathogen-plant network is more specialized and compartmentalized in closely related taxa. Closely related hosts are more likely to share the same pathogenicFusariumspecies. Host plants are present in different ecosystems and climates, with regions having more cultivated plant species presenting the highest number of fusaria pathogens. From an economic standpoint, different species of the same taxonomic family may be more susceptible to being attacked by the same species ofFusarium, whereas from an ecological standpoint the movement of pathogens may expose wild and cultivated plants to new diseases. Our study highlights the relevance of interaction intimacy in structuring trophic relationships between plants and fusaria species in native and introduced species. Furthermore, we show that the analytical tools regarding host distribution and phylogeny could permit a rapid assessment of which plant species in a region are most likely to be attacked by a given fusaria.

Preliminary survey of pests and diseases of eucheumatoid seaweed farms in the Philippines

Farmed eucheumatoids are the top aquaculture commodity in the Philippines, contributing more than 60% of total national aquaculture production by volume. Despite significant production losses observed in recent years due to pests and diseases, data relating to the temporal and spatial geographic distribution, seasonality, prevalence, and etiology of these critical problems at the farm level are lacking. Here, we assessed the prevalence of pests and diseases at 16 farm sites within several major seaweed growing areas, including Luzon (Palawan), Visayas (Bohol), and Mindanao (Zamboanga City, Davao del Norte, and Tawi-Tawi). Prevalence of pests and diseases were recorded by assessment of individual seaweed plants in situ, comprising ≥5% of the total number of seaweed plants on each farm. Results from this survey revealed “ice-ice” disease (IID) at all sites, albeit at low prevalence rates of below 25%, the exception being one site where prevalence was 100%. No significant difference in the prevalence of IID was found between farms in shallow (≈0.5 m during low tide) and deep water sites (depths exceeding 4 m during the lowest tide) (p>0.05). Moderate prevalence (26–50%) of the macro-epiphyte pests Sargassum and Ulva was reported in Luzon. Further, epiphytic filamentous algae (EFA), black spots, and evidence of grazing were recorded in several farms with low prevalence (0.2–11.2%). The three farms with the highest prevalence of IID and EFA were evaluated to determine the severity of cover on the thallus of infected plants. A very high severity of IID (76–100% coverage) was observed on the secondary and primary branches, while for EFA, low severity (≤25%) was found in all regions of the thallus. Our results suggest the widespread occurrence of yield-limiting diseases and pests affecting eucheumatoid farms in the Philippines. Strategies for the diagnosis, surveillance, and management of yield-limiting pests and diseases are needed to ensure maintenance and sustainable expansion of this important aquaculture sector in the Philippines.

Effects Euphrates river flow variation in Geographical distribution sand Minerals and path the weathering from AL Baghdadi city to AL Fallujah city

Petrographic study Minerals of very fine sand were carried in two terraces of Euphrates river. which starting from AL Baghdadi in the Northwest to- AL Fallujah in the East south. the study were including petrography characterization of light and heavy minerals. The aims of this study to know the ratio of minerals and spatial geographical distribution as well as to explain the effect of the Euphrates river in this distributed and weathering state. The results of this study showed; Convergence ratio of light and heavy minerals in all terraces ancient and modern. The weathering of light minerals increased in the old desert terraces. The heavy minerals (Rutile) showed the pedo stratigraphy between the modern and ancient terraces on the long the path.

Mycetoma spatial geographical distribution in the Eastern Sennar locality, Sennar State, Sudan.

Mycetoma is a unique neglected tropical disease caused by a substantial number of different fungi or bacteria. Many of the disease's epidemiological characteristics are an enigma. Hence, understanding the spatial geographic distribution of mycetoma may clarify the association between the local environmental indicators, the spatial geographical distribution of mycetoma and its epidemiology. This study set out to determine the spatial geographical distribution of mycetoma in the Eastern Sennar locality, Sennar State, one of the highly endemic states in Sudan. It included 594 patients with confirmed mycetoma seen at the Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, from 1991 to 2020. The spatial geographical distribution of these mycetoma patients was studied. The study area geographic information system data, which included geological, soil, temperature and land cover details, were collected in different geographic information forms. Different geographical analytical techniques were used. The patients' demographic characteristics were similar to those of the general characteristics of mycetoma patients in Sudan. Eumycetoma was the predominant type of mycetoma encountered in the studied patients. The data studied showed that most patients were located in the southern part of the locality along the Blue Nile river. The study showed an association between patients' spatial geographical distribution and soil types. Most patients' localities had light clay soil (475 patients [80%]), followed by sandy loam soil (79 [13%]) then loam soil (40 [6.71%]). Also, 85% of patients' localities had the same land cover and vegetation. There was no significant correlation between patients' localities with temperature or any other geological characteristic. The present study showed certain associations between mycetoma spatial geographical distribution and certain environmental indicators. However, a further in-depth study to provide greater insight into the disease's epidemiological characteristics is needed.

Conservation status assessment of the Sharp-shinned Hawk, an endangered insular raptor in Puerto Rico

Sharp-shinned Hawks (Accipiter striatus) are forest raptors that are widely distributed in the Americas. A subspecies endemic to Puerto Rico (A. s. venator) is listed as endangered and restricted to mature and old secondary montane forests and shade coffee plantations. However, recent information about the population status and distribution of Puerto Rican Sharp-shinned Hawks is lacking. We developed a spatial geographic distribution model for Sharp-shinned Hawks in Puerto Rico from 33 locations collected during four breeding seasons (2013–2016) using biologically relevant landscape variables (aspect, canopy closure, elevation, rainfall, slope, and terrain roughness). Elevation accounted for 89.8% of the model fit and predicted that the greatest probability of occurrence of Sharp-shinned Hawks in Puerto Rico (> 60%) was at elevations above 900 m. Based on our model, an estimated 56.1 km2 of habitat exists in Puerto Rico with a high probability of occurrence. This total represents ~0.6% of the island's area. Public lands included 43.8% of habitat with high probability of occurrence (24.6 km2), 96% of which was located within four protected areas. Our results suggest that Sharp-shinned Hawks are rare in Puerto Rico and restricted to the higher elevations of the Cordillera Central. Additional research is needed to identify and address ecological limiting factors, and recovery actions are needed to avoid the extinction of this endemic island raptor.

Spatial-temporal analysis of Cache Valley virus (Bunyaviridae: Orthobunyavirus) infection in anopheline and culicine mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the northeastern United States, 1997-2012.

Cache Valley virus (CVV) is a mosquito-borne bunyavirus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Orthobunyavirus) that is enzootic throughout much of North and Central America. White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been incriminated as important reservoir and amplification hosts. CVV has been found in a diverse array of mosquito species, but the principal vectors are unknown. A 16-year study was undertaken to identify the primary mosquito vectors in Connecticut, quantify seasonal prevalence rates of infection, and define the spatial geographic distribution of CVV in the state as a function of land use and white-tailed deer populations, which have increased substantially over this period. CVV was isolated from 16 mosquito species in seven genera, almost all of which were multivoltine and mammalophilic. Anopheles (An.) punctipennis was incriminated as the most consistent and likely vector in this region on the basis of yearly isolation frequencies and the spatial geographic distribution of infected mosquitoes. Other species exhibiting frequent temporal and moderate spatial geographic patterns of virus isolation within the state included Ochlerotatus (Oc.) trivittatus, Oc. canadensis, Aedes (Ae.) vexans, and Ae. cinereus. New isolation records for CVV were established for An. walkeri, Culiseta melanura, and Oc. cantator. Other species from which CVV was isolated included An. quadrimaculatus, Coquillettidia perturbans, Culex salinarius, Oc. japonicus, Oc. sollicitans, Oc. taeniorhynchus, Oc. triseriatus, and Psorophora ferox. Mosquitoes infected with CVV were equally distributed throughout urban, suburban, and rural locales, and infection rates were not directly associated with the localized abundance of white-tailed deer, possibly due to their saturation throughout the region. Virus activity in mosquitoes was episodic with no consistent pattern from year-to-year, and fluctuations in yearly seasonal infection rates did not appear to be directly impacted by overall mosquito abundance. Virus infection in mosquitoes occurred late in the season that mostly extended from mid-August through September, when adult mosquito populations were visibly declining and were comparatively low. Findings argue for a limited role for vertical transmission for the perpetuation of CVV as occurs with other related bunyaviruses.

Estatística espacial de varredura na detecção de áreas de risco para a cisticercose bovina no estado da Bahia

No intuito de classificar a distribuição geográfica da procedência dos animais infectados e mensurar as áreas quanto ao risco de se contrair a cisticercose bovina, foi utilizada a análise espacial de varredura para identificação de aglomerados de risco a partir dos casos positivos para o Cysticercus bovis registrados no período de 2006 a 2007, provenientes de seis matadouros frigoríficos do Serviço de Inspeção Federal, distribuídos para fins administrativos em Territórios de Identidade do estado da Bahia. O número de bovinos abatidos foi de 825.951, dentre os quais (0,7%) 5.395 foram diagnosticados positivos para a doença, mediante a inspeção post mortem dos animais. A análise espacial de varredura, por meio do teste da razão de verossimilhança, demonstrou que a distribuição da cisticercose bovina se concentra, com menor probabilidade de ter ocorrido ao acaso, em área geográfica definida, com risco estimado em 13,6, englobando 101 municípios do estado pertencentes aos territórios de Itapetinga, Litoral Sul, Médio Rio de Contas, Vitória da Conquista e Extremo Sul.

Análise espacial da co-infecção tuberculose/HIV: relação com níveis socioeconômicos em município do sudeste do Brasil

Spatial analysis of the distribution of tuberculosis/HIV coinfection was performed and associated with socioeconomic indicators in São José do Rio Preto, from 1998 to 2006. New TB/HIV coinfection cases were georeferenced and incidence coefficients were calculated for spatial units. Moran's index was used to evaluate spatial associations of incidences. Multiple regressions selected variables that could best explain the spatial association of incidences. The local indicator of spatial association was used to identify significant spatial groupings. Moran's index was 0.0635 (p=0.0000) indicating that the incidence association occurred. The variable that best explained the spatial association of incidence was the percentage of heads of families with up to three years of education. The LISA cluster map for TB/HIV coinfection incidence coefficients showed groups with high incidence rates in the North and low incidence in the South and West regions of the municipality. The study elucidated the spatial geographic distribution of TB/HIV coinfection and determined its association with socioeconomic variables, thus providing data for oriented planning, prioritizing socially disadvantaged regions that present a higher incidence of the disease.

Isolations of Jamestown Canyon Virus (Bunyaviridae:Orthobunyavirus) from Field-Collected Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Connecticut, USA: A Ten-Year Analysis, 1997–2006

Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) (Bunyaviridae: Orthobunyavirus) is a mosquito-borne zoonosis belonging to the California serogroup. It has a wide geographic distribution, occurring throughout much of temperate North America. White-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus are the principal amplification hosts, and boreal Aedes and Ochlerotatus mosquitoes are the primary vectors. A 10-year study was undertaken to identify potential mosquito vectors in Connecticut, quantify seasonal prevalence rates of infection, and define the geographic distribution of JCV in the state as a function of land use and white-tailed deer populations, which have increased substantially over this period. Jamestown Canyon virus was isolated from 22 mosquito species. Five of them, Ochlerotatus canadensis, Oc. cantator, Anopheles punctipennis, Coquillettidia perturbans, and Oc. abserratus were incriminated as the most likely vectors, based on yearly isolation frequencies and the spatial geographic distribution of infected mosquitoes. Jamestown Canyon virus was isolated from Oc. canadensis more consistently and from a greater range of collection sites than any other species. Frequent virus isolations were also made from Aedes cinereus, Aedes vexans, and Oc. sticticus, and new North American isolation records were established for Anopheles walkeri, Culex restuans, Culiseta morsitans, Oc. sticticus, Oc. taeniorhynchus, and Psorophora ferox. Other species from which JCV was isolated included C. melanura, Oc. aurifer, Oc. communis, Oc. excrucians, Oc. provocans, Oc. sollicitans, Oc. stimulans, Oc. triseriatus, and Oc. trivittatus. Jamestown Canyon virus was widely distributed throughout Connecticut and found to consistently circulate in a diverse array of mosquito vectors. Infected mosquitoes were collected from June through September, and peak infection rates paralleled mosquito abundance from mid-June through mid-July. Infection rates in mosquitoes were consistent from year to year, and overall virus activity was directly related to local mosquito abundance. Infected mosquitoes were equally distributed throughout the state, irrespective of land use, and infection rates were not directly associated with the abundance of white-tailed deer, possibly because of their saturation throughout the region.

The corresponding analysis of heavy-metal pollution of soil in Zhuzhou city

The heavy-metal contents of various soil specimens in the urban district of Zhuzhou City are monitored and analyzed. On the basis of standardizing processing of monitoring data, the method of corresponding analysis is taken to divide the types of spatial geographic distribution of heavy-metal pollution of soil in the area nearby industrial pollution source has high content and pollution index of Ca; most of soil is affected by many heavy-metals; paddy field is mainly polluted by Pb. It can provide scientific basis for the defensive ways of heavy-metal pollution of soil of farmland in urban district and for the reasonable utilization and a long-range plan of land.