Spare Parts Industry Research Articles

Optimizing Logistics: Developing An Efficient Tracking and Delivery System for Automotive Spare Parts

In the automotive spare parts industry, efficient supply chain management is the backbone of operational success. Amidst this complex ecosystem, companies face challenges in delivering fast, reliable, and competitive services, accommodating a constantly evolving consumer base with discerning preferences and rising expectations. This article aims to identify challenges in developing tracking and delivery scheduling applications for the automotive spare parts industry and improve system performance by introducing effective solutions. The research adopts a system development approach using the Waterfall method to produce a responsive and user-friendly web application, followed by functional testing using Black Box and evaluation using the System Usability Scale (SUS). Development of the tracking and delivery scheduling application using the Waterfall method resulted in a reliable and responsive application, with all system functionalities running smoothly. SUS testing indicated that the application has a good level of usability, with an average score of 77.5 out of 100. This study successfully provides relevant and efficient technological solutions to overcome operational barriers in the automotive spare parts industry, with the potential to enhance customer satisfaction and solidify the company's position as a pioneer in the automotive aftermarket sector. However, further improvements in application usability can be achieved through future iterations guided by user feedback and additional usability testing.

Application of The Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) Method to Improve Work Safety in The Automotive Spare Parts Industry

This industry consists of companies engaged in metal processing and workmanship. Companies often receive complaints from employees concerning pain or discomfort in their bodies, causing diseases such as low back pain and myalgia. The risk of accidents occurring at work is inseparable from the work done. Work-related accidents can occur due to several factors, including unsafe action. One cause of unsafe actions can be found in various unsafe work postures that workers assume. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the posture of these workers so that it can improve their safety and health. This research was conducted by identifying occupational risks workers face and examining work performed in stamping products. The production section consists of six stations: material handling, stamping, welding, hemming, painting, and packing. The work risks run by workers have been identified using the Nordic Body Map (NBM) questionnaire and interview methods. As for the identification of the type of work carried out by evaluating work postures, the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method has been employed. The risk level of accidents is also used for the selection of activities to be improved to minimize the level of injury risk caused by work postures that have been assumed, and in order to improve the safety and health of the workers. Improvements made are in engineering, such as manufacturing of assistive devices, and management engineering, such as providing directions that can improve the specific work posture used. Calculations are based on simulations performed with tools conducted with suggested postures by evaluation using the REBA method. Based on the results of REBA calculations, the resulting risk is lower than the one caused by the previously assumed posture, namely medium and low.

Analysis of Performance Comparison between K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) Method and Naïve Bayes Method in Reward for Honda Motorcycle Salesman Tour

Honda Indako Trading Coy Krakatau is a company in the automotive and spare parts industry. As the main dealer of Honda motorcycles and spare parts for North Sumatra and Aceh, the company faces challenges in boosting sales and maintaining employee loyalty. To address this, the company offers a reward salesman tour for employees who meet certain criteria. However, the current evaluation system is too simple and does not fully capture the quality of employees, especially their product knowledge and involvement in company campaigns. This study aims to solve these issues using data mining techniques, specifically the Naïve Bayes and K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) methods. These methods were chosen for their accuracy and simplicity. The K-Nearest Neighbor method (K=11) showed an accuracy of 94.04%, a precision of 83.78%, and a recall of 96.87%, while the Naïve Bayes method showed an accuracy of 81.81%, a precision of 72.00%, and a recall of 81.25%.

Analysis of the Effect Current Ratio on Return on Assets at PT Astra Otoparts TBK.

This study makes an important contribution in understanding the relationship between current ratio and return on assets at PT Astra Otoparts Tbk. Through the use of a simple linear regression test on financial statement data for the period 2015-2022, this study intends to explain the extent to which the current ratio affects the company's return on assets. Current ratio, as the independent variable, is used as an indicator of the company's ability to meet its short-term obligations, while return on assets, as the dependent variable, reflects the company's level of profitability. The results show that, although the current ratio has a positive influence on return on assets, the influence is not statistically significant. In other words, the increase in current ratio does not contribute significantly to the increase in return on assets at PT Astra Otoparts Tbk. The findings can provide valuable insights for company management in designing financial strategies, especially in terms of managing short-term assets and liabilities. In the context of the automotive and spare parts industry in Indonesia, where PT Astra Otoparts Tbk operates, an in-depth understanding of the factors that influence return on assets is crucial. The results of this study can serve as a basis for similar companies to evaluate and improve their financial performance, optimize asset allocation, and manage short-term liabilities more effectively. Further research and the integration of other factors in financial analysis can help shape a more holistic and sustainable business strategy amidst changing market dynamics.

A Web-based Point of Sales for Automotive Component Industry using Rapid Application Development model

This research aims to increase efficiency in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the automotive components industry, focusing on CV Bengkel Megamakmur. This workshop is one of the MSMEs engaged in Indonesia's car spare parts industry. In the ongoing business process, these MSMEs need some help in inventory management, stock of goods, and less integrated sales transaction recording. The main problem identified was the discrepancy between the number of products sold and sales transaction reports. A web-based Point of Sale (POS) application was implemented, which allows the integration of inventory data and sales transactions. The method used in this research is Rapid Application Development (RAD), suitable for projects with limited resources and short work schedules. This research results in a Point of Sale application that can optimize business processes for managing inventory by monitoring stock and recording sales transactions in an integrated manner. This application has been tested using the System Usability Scale (SUS) method and obtained an average score of 86.6, included in the "very good" category. The test results show that this application has good functionality and can optimize MSME business processes in the automotive components industry.

A methodology for the strategic design of city logistics networks and its application in Turkish automotive spare parts industry

City logistics approaches and modeling struggles have a significant role in urban areas in increasing the efficiency of logistics operations and reducing traffic jams and their environmental effects. By developing an effective distribution network for cities, it is possible to compete with the changing world and satisfy flexible customer requirements. In this study, as a real-world case, a city logistics model for Istanbul metropolitan area is designed using multi-objective linear programming that considers the different objectives of the stakeholders in cities by integrating the fuzzy Choquet integral technique in a multi-level distribution network for the automotive spare part industry. This paper makes decisions regarding the amount of product flowing among the echelons, the amount of stock to be kept in the warehouses, and the product delays allowed. While minimizing the transportation cost, holding cost and emission levels during these decisions, the study also aims to maximize the service quality in the warehouses. The model is applied to a logistics network of fifty demand points and thirty time periods which can be considered a middle or large-scale problem. In the model, it is also decided to transport the products with electric or fuel vehicles. In the transport sector, electric vehicles are the key to meet future needs for social, health and other human services. The results are discussed under different scenarios. This research allows the use of such a model in making strategic decisions for the distribution network design in big cities.

Assessing The Financial Feasibility Study of QRS Company New Branch

The automotive industry in Indonesia, especially motorcycles, grows every year. This creates a bright future for Indonesia's motorcycle sector in particular. Established in 2000, QRS Company is a business engaged in the motorcycle spare parts industry in Tasikmalaya. After seeing the rapid growth of motorcycle users in Indonesia and the significant increase of their revenue, QRS Company wants to expand their business by creating a new branch. Feasibility study is a study that is conducted to assess whether the project is profitable or not. This research begins by conducting projections from financial statements to estimate the QRS Company financial condition in the future. This research was made using capital budgeting analysis. This study aims to assess the financial feasibility and also the risk in capital budgeting by using sensitivity analysis and simulation analysis. Expansion project carried out by QRS Company can be categorized as feasible. The calculation shows that the NPV of the project is positive valued. The payback period of the QRS Company expansion project is faster than the maximum return period of 5 years. The IRR is smaller than the WACC. In addition, the risk analysis shows that the expansion project of QRS Company has a low risk.

Relationship between age and length of working with work fatigue among workers in the motorcycle spare part industry

Fatigue is the inability to function optimally because of the use of physical and mental energy beyond existing capacity. Internal factors have a very important role because they are one of the things that cannot be separated from employees. Some things that are included in the internal factors of workers include age and length of work. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between age and length of work with work fatigue among workers in the motorcycle spare parts industry. The type of study used was an observational analysis with a cross-sectional research design. The population in this study were spare part industry workers, with a total of 27 workers who were also in the research sample. The results of this study indicate that the majority of workers are over 40 years old, have a working duration of eight hours, and experience moderate levels of fatigue. There was a weak relationship between age and work fatigue, with a p-value of 0.041 and a correlation coefficient of 0.396. In addition, there was no relationship between the length of work and work fatigue, with a p-value of 0.174 and a correlation coefficient of 0.386. Companies are expected to provide a limit on overtime work, which is three hours in one day, and provide short breaks between jobs. Additionally, workers are expected to make the best use of their rest time and stretch their muscles between jobs.

Research on Competitive Environment and Marketing Strategy of Small and Medium Auto Parts Import and Export Companies

In recent years, with the rapid development of the global auto industry, especially in my country, and the country's transition from supporting the self-owned brand vehicle industry to supporting the self-owned brand spare parts industry, my country's auto parts industry has also ushered in a new stage of development. At the same time , the auto parts import and export industry, which is closely related to this industry, has also developed rapidly. Most of the enterprises in this industry are mainly small and medium-sized enterprises. How to explore a path that is truly suitable for the development of such enterprises is worth exploring. This paper takes KL company as an example, obtains the information on the development of the industry in which KL company is located through field investigation and network research, and expounds the general situation of the development of the auto parts import and export industry through the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, and summarizes At the end of this paper, it also provides countermeasures and suggestions for the formulation of KL company's future marketing strategy according to the actual situation. This research provides data and suggestions for the formulation of the development strategy of small and medium-sized enterprises in the auto parts industry. Theoretical reference enriches the content of the marketing strategy of the industry.

Analisis Triple Helix Peran Stakeholder Dalam Meningkatkan Penggunaan Motor Listrik Di Indonesia

In this modern era, the use of electric vehicles is not a new thing. The grand strategy of energy national (GSEN) has fourteen strategic programs to be implemented, one of them is increasing the use of battery- electric vehicles motorized, in order to reduce the imports of fuel oil (BBM) and LPG as well as equitable electrification in Indonesia. This program needs to support by cooperation and role contribution from participants (stakeholders). This study was conducted to determine the role of stakeholders to increasing the use of electric motors in Indonesia using a triple helix methode. The data collection was carried out through interviews and documentation studies. The analyze data was use miles and hubberman. The results showed that based on the triple helix analysis, there were 3 stakeholders involved to increasing the use of electric motors in Indonesia. There were universities, industry and government. The universities have a role in conducting research and development for electric motor products, this can be done through final project research or providing research grants the development electric motors topic. The industry has a role in producing electric motors, for example Gesit Companies which produces electric motors, and also raw materials industry and spare part industry as well as component of electric motors. The government has a role in regulations through policies of equitable electrification motor vehicles in Indonesia. One of them is from the Minister of Transportation Regulation (Permenhub) Number 65 of 2020 concerning the conversion of fuel motorcycles into battery-electric motorcycles.

Impact of Additive Manufacturing on the Supply Chain of Aerospace Spare Parts Industry—A Review

Background: Additive manufacturing (AM) applications in producing spare parts are increasing day by day. AM is bridging the digital and physical world as a 3D computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) method. The usage of AM has made the supply chain of the aviation spare parts industry simpler, more effective, and efficient. Methods: This paper demonstrates the impacts of AM on the supply chain of the aircraft spare parts industry following a systematic literature review. Hence, centralized and decentralized structures of AM supply chains have been evaluated. Additionally, the attention has been oriented towards the supply chain with AM technologies and industry 4.0, which can support maintenance tasks and the production of spare parts in the aerospace industry. Results: This review article summarizes the interconnection of the industry findings on spare parts. It evaluates the potentiality and capability of AM in conceptualizing the overall supply chain. Moreover, MROs can adopt the proposed framework technologies to assist decision-makers in deciding whether the logistics hub with AM facilities is centralized or decentralized. Conclusions: Finally, this review provides an overall view to make critical decisions on the supply chain design of spare parts driven by new and disruptive technologies of industry 4.0. The next-generation supply chain may replace the logistics barriers by reducing waste and improving capability and sustainability by implementing AM technologies.

SWEEP ALGORITHM IN CVRP TO OPTIMIZE DELIVERY AUTOMOTIVE SPARE PART

The CVRP to solve many optimization and application problems distribution especially of the automotive spare parts industry, West Java, Indonesia is presented has 120 customers who aim to optimize and maximize the capacity and cost of vehicles owned, namely 10 colts 6 diesel type vehicles. Vehicle routes are compared against the existing daily distribution routes showing that significant savings can be gained on the daily cost of transportation-related expenses. The objective of this research is to find a set of optimal routes that minimize the number of vehicles required and total distance traveled for all vehicles to serve customers with a result from 10 to 9 using vehicles with a total distance increase from the Sweep method of 253.8347 km and cost benefits or cost savings with a total usage cost of Rp 17.800.000 to be Rp 17,709,503 in cost efficiency of 4.47% or Rp 90,496.58 a day.

Overstock Improvement by Combining Forecasting, EOQ, and ROP

Optimum stock inventory level is an essential factor in inefficient production. Overstock is an obstacle to achieving optimum cost. The purpose of this paper is to provide solutions in overstock in the electronic spare parts industry by comparing the various approaches Forecasting, EOQ, ROP with DDMRP to get the best model to obtain the inventory level Optimally. The Reset is done on the material Copper wire 0, 14mm as the primary material, which is the most expensive material and widely used in production activities. The results of this study showed that the method of DDMRP could decrease the average amount of the supply of Copper wire 0, 14mm per month from 2779 kg to 1499 kg.

Inventory management efficiency analysis: A case study of an SME company

The research aims to examine factors that affect inventory mismanagement in a Small Medium Enterprises (SME), which is a market leader in the Heavy Equipment Spare part Industry. Despite its status as market leader, the company deals with various inventory problems, for examples slow-moving stocks, delivery delays to customers, and so forth. Those problems, at the end, may reduce company’s profit. In order to determine the main factors, this study applies quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative methods, specifically Pareto diagram and Inventory Turnover Ratio (ITR), are mainly used to evaluate sales and inventory management. ITR is affected by spare part quantity, warehouse area used, and the material amount. The top five ITR ratings are examined further through observation, interview, and questionnaire techniques. Meanwhile, the qualitative method is applied to evaluate the company’s inventory information systems, procedures and coordinations among departments, and human resources. Our findings suggest that the unintegrated company’s information system and lack of qualified human resources are the main factors affect inefficient inventory management. The research benefits to industry by suggesting the importance of information systems and human resources to inventory management. As for academics, this research enriches inventory management literature.

Minimization of Makespan Using FCFS and Gupta Method Comparison in Machine Spare Part Industry

Companies that produce spare parts for manufacturing industry machines are experiencing rapid development. The company produces production activities based on job orders where the process uses FCFS (First Come First Served) rules. Company scheduling often experiences delays especially on products have the same flow. The study was conducted to find the optimal sequence of scheduling with makespan minimization criteria using the Gupta Method and FCFS Method. The FCFS method used by the company produces makespan of 12.160,21 minutes = 202,67 hours. The recommendation method has a better level of performance compared to the company shown in efficiency index (EI) and relative error (RE). The EI value of the Gupta method is 1.14 which is indicates that the Gupta method has a good performance compared to the FCFS method. While the Gupta method RE value is 13,76%. The conclusion is Gupta method produces the minimum makespan value with a reduction of makespan of 178,15 hours. The Gupta method is a better method than FCFS method, which is shorter makespan, tardiness and flow time.

A quantitative model for optimization and disruption mitigation in a supply chain (Auto parts case study)

However, there is a lot of capital and plenty of manpower in the auto spare part industry, the enterprises and supply chains of this industry do not perform well in our country. This research models a three-level supply chain with multiple manufacturers, distribution centers and retailers, to minimize the total cost by taking into account various disruptions. The database of two active car spare parts companies for five strategic products in one year has been used. Then, the mathematical model is analyzed by considering disruptions based on three different sales policies: back orders, lost sales and outsourcing. Besides, to evaluate the performance of the model some numerical examples are used and analyzed to determine that algorithm works. Model solved efficiently by MATLAB software. The results show that the proposed algorithm of this research can neutralize the effect of the disruptions and cause a significant reduction in total cost of the system. The model is useful for helping decision makers to adopt an active approach to maintaining business benefits when disruptions take place in the supply chain.

An extended FMEA approach based on the Z-MOORA and fuzzy BWM for prioritization of failures

Identification and prioritization of failure modes in a system and planning for corrective actions are among the most important components of risk management in any organization. Meanwhile, conventional Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is one of the most commonly used methods for prioritization of the failures. Despite the widespread applications of this method in various industries, FMEA is associated with some shortcomings that can lead to unrealistic results. In this study, a proposed approach is presented in three phases to cover some of the shortcomings of the FMEA technique. In the first phase, FMEA is used to identify the failure modes and assign values to the Risk Priority Number (RPN) determinant factors. In the second phase, the Fuzzy Best-Worst Method (FBWM) based on the experts’ opinions is used to measure the weights of these factors. In the third phase, the outputs of the previous phases are used as a basis to prioritize the failures using the proposed Multi-Objective Optimization by Ratio Analysis based on the Z-number theory (Z-MOORA). In addition to assigning different weights to the RPN determinant factors and considering uncertainties of them, the Z-number theory is used in this approach to cover reliability in different failure modes. The proposed approach was implemented in the automotive spare parts industry, and the results indicate a full prioritization of the failures in comparison with other conventional methods such as FMEA and fuzzy MOORA.

An empirical investigation on the antecedents of the bullwhip effect: Evidence from the spare parts industry

Supply chain effectiveness and costs are affected by the demand variability, especially in the upstream echelons. The propagation of demand variability moving upstream in the supply chain has been widely studied in the literature and it is known as the Bullwhip Effect phenomenon. In this paper, the bullwhip effect in a European automotive spare parts chain is identified, with the aim of shedding some light on how demand variability propagates in different groups of products. We considered more than 30,000 products, characterised by different technical characteristics, demand classes and planning parameters.The results showed that the considered supply chain is affected by the bullwhip effect. Additional analyses suggested that the bullwhip effect is larger for fast moving products rather than for slow movers. Hence, dealers tends to decouple supply and demand and, when they are given incentives to forward-buy, they may prefer to forward-buy fast moving items. Moreover, as the dealers tend to exploit the promotional benefits by forward-buying in the final period of promotions, frequent switches from promotional to non promotional periods tend to increase the propagation of the demand variability.

PROJECT APPLICATION UNTUK SISTEM PEMESANAN DAN PENGIRIMAN BARANG BERBASIS WEB PADA PT. ARAI RUBBER SEAL INDONESIA

The development of science and technology is now increasingly rapid development, the need masyarakatakan akan information technology is increasing as well in the business world that tend to be dynamic and always changing in accordance with the times, consumer needs, andthe marketing environment, resulting in the large market demand. On the other hand emerging similar businesses that cause high levels of competition. PT. Arai Rubber Seal Indonesia is one type of company engaged in automotive spare parts industry. To support the automotive industry The company is growing quite rapidly, can be seen from the order of goods that enter quite a lot. Therefore, the company strives to improve the quality of its products also improve the system of ordering information and delivery of goods. In designing this system the author uses evolutionary prototype method because the author wants the prototype is still used for the next design iteration. In this case, the actual system is seen as an evolution from a very limited initial version to the latest evolution that better than using the author's prototype method also uses the design method. In this system the authors do the design method using UML (Unified Modeling Language) method because by using UMLmethod, engineering and device development can be done with the focus of development and design software it is also author With the analysis of information systems marketing and ordering goods expected to improve the activity Ordering and delivery of goods in order to compete to achieve company goals.

Taming of Whip-Lash Effect in Forecasting for Automotive Spare Parts Industry using Minitab and Excel Spread Sheet

Taming of Whip-Lash Effect in Forecasting for Automotive Spare Parts Industry using Minitab and Excel Spread Sheet