Space For Economic Activities Research Articles

Power-Supply Geopolitics. The Dependence of European Economies on Imports of Fuels from Russia

Abstract International relations (including those revolving around economic cooperation between states, or the economic dependence of one state on another) actually entail the development of a concept of power and its efficacy, interlinkage, and a systemic configuration. Geography’s input is, then, to place these issues within the space of economic activity and life, linking these to an analysis of resources. Geography also provides for the construction of models for the spatial relations between different actors. In turn, analysis from a geopolitical point of view, inter alia, involves itself in the study of dependency and power through reference to relations which entail domination, the exerting of influence, independence or mutual dependence, territorial integrity, development, political and social stability, and security (Dallanegra Pedraza 2010). Then there are the issues concerning the use of natural resources, as these affect relations between states, thus representing research topics for geography. Through the analysis of the interactions between variables which recall the aforesaid relations, it has here proved possible to construct models describing, or helping to account for, present-day world relations, characterised by dependence on fossil fuels (as raw materials supplying energy) which originate in Russia. This process makes use of available statistical data and reports, including ENERDATA 2021 and Key World Energy Statistics 2021, from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA).

Are You in the Network? The Impact of Co-Creation on the Network of Participants

Abstract At present, local communities are increasingly confronted with problems that do not have simple solutions. To tackle them, complex responses are needed. One such problem is found in the question of who shall be responsible for stabilising the economic situation of people living in small villages? Is it the individual, who should be able to effectively manage his or her own farm, or is it the state, which is liable for creating a better economic environment? Is it the market, since it is the space for economic activities? Is it the municipality that is responsible for the well-being of the citizens living in the villages? Is it NGOs, because of their social responsibility? Boundaries have been blurred, making functions, goals, and responsibilities more complex. The aim of the H2020 CoSIE project is to revive the forgotten culture of farming, horticulture, and animal husbandry in 10 disadvantaged rural settlements in Hungary and, thus, to develop a new service model. The data presented are collected in two consecutive questionnaire surveys. The first took place in September 2019 and the second in January 2020, involving 72 households. Between the two surveys, the agricultural tools of the respondents developed remarkably and there were also significant changes in the network of the participants. Project participants regarded the change in their attitude as one of the most positive outcomes, as they became much more open to new things. The highest proportion of respondents reported an improvement in their relationships with locals. Joint communication has improved to a similar extent because there are more frequently spontaneous meetings than before the start of the project.

Системно-комплексна оцінка природно-економічного потенціалу сталого розвитку України: методологія формування

Overcoming destructive changes in the processes of transformation of the natural resource use of territorial communities requires the development of new approaches aimed at ensuring a balance of interests and effective interaction between the authorities, business, and the state in the field of environmental management. An urgent task is to form an updated systemic organization of spatial natural and economic formations to implement integrated management of the natural resource potential of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the methodology of a system-integrated assessment of the natural and economic potential of Ukraine in the context of sustainable development. The methodological basis of the research is the subject-object method. The dialectical method of applying economic laws, analysis, synthesis, economic-statistical, monographic, and abstract-logical methods was used to generalize the results obtained. Ways of solving the problems of transforming the model of state influence on the modernization processes of public-private forms of ensuring sustainable development of territories were proposed. It will allow finding a balance in the structure of resource management, in the plane of the spatial organization of natural economic activity. The authors focus on forming management systems at the lower territorial level. The updated, by modern requirements, methodology for assessing the efficiency of using the space of economic activity has been substantiated. It has been proved that an actual result can be achieved when considering three fundamental regularities of ensuring the efficiency of production and economic, interregional and intersectoral interaction of regional social, economic, and ecological systems. These study results are the basis for forming a systemic and universal concept of the transition of Ukraine and its regions to sustainable development in conditions of resource constraints and the constant strengthening of social, political, military, environmental, and economic threats and risks.

Methods of limiting selected risk types in the municipal waste incineration plant

Risk has become one of the most important categories in the global economy. This term belongs to the most popular phenomena in the economy. Decision making is always connected with risk. It is an inseparable part of human history and there are no man’s actions which cannot be associated with it. The notion of risk is universal: it concerns political, economic and social activities. It takes on specific meaning in the space of economic activity: taking risk entails certain financial consequences. Due to this fact, the essence of risk, methods of its evaluation, as well as its management are the topics of a growing number of publications in various scientific fields. The key problem for an entrepreneur is to first determine sources of risk, to assess its size and the influence it may have on the business, and then–to take action in order to minimize this influence. The article analyses dangers in a municipal waste incineration plant. In incineration plants there are various risks but environmental threats, broadly analysed in this article, belong to the most serious ones. Two independent risk analysis methods have been used for this purpose to determine the most serious threats related to environmental risk and options of counteracting them.

The use of business games in the education of masters in the program “Protection of information space of economic activity”

The aim of the study is to develop the concept of the use of business games in the master’s program in the direction of “Information security” from the perspective of practical training methods and means of protection of information space of enterprises and organizations, as well as other economic subjects.Materials and methods. The basis for the development of the concept of the use of business games in the education of masters in the direction of “Information security” are the Federal state educational standard and professional standard “Specialist in the protection of information in automated systems.” The concept of the business game defines the requirements for the specification of the rules of interaction of participants (actors) of the information and educational space in accordance with their role features, taking into account the implementation at the organizational level of the EIF (European Interoperability Framework).Results. The article presents the concept of using business games in preparing masters for the program “Protecting the Information Space of Economic Actors”, substantiates the need to use business games for specific disciplines of the program, proposes an approach to implementing business games in the educational process based on the interaction of key actors in the information and educational space built on the basis of virtualization technologies.Conclusion. The use of business games in the educational process of masters in the program “Protection of the information space of economic activity” contributes to the formation of the necessary professional competencies, taking into account the features of the components of the information space of economic activity: information resources, means of information interaction and information infrastructure.

The Narrow Application of Rawls in Business Ethics: A Political Conception of Both Stakeholder Theory and the Morality of Markets

This paper argues that Rawls’ principles of justice provide a normative foundation for stakeholder theory. The principles articulate (at an abstract level) citizens’ rights; these rights create interests across all aspects of society, including in the space of economic activity; and therefore, stakeholders – as citizens – have legitimate interests in the space of economic activity. This approach to stakeholder theory suggests a political interpretation of Boatright’s Moral Market approach, one that emphasizes the rights/place of citizens. And this approach to stakeholder theory – in terms of citizens – raises a further question, what rights and obligations do economic agents have, beyond those attached to their roles as citizens? Rawls would reject additional rights and obligations of this sort for two reasons, one tied to freedom and one tied to pluralism. Rawls’ work therefore presses us to re-conceptualize the place of ethical claims in the economic context.