Southern Park Research Articles

Fauna diversity in the southern part of the Kon Ka Kinh National Park, Gia Lai province

Kon Ka Kinh National Park (KKK NP) is a priority zone for biodiversity protection in Vietnam as well as ASEAN. In order to survey the current fauna species diversity in the southern part of the KKK NP, we conducted camera trapping surveys in 2017, 2018, and 2019. 28 infrared camera traps were set up on elevations between 1041 to 1497 meters. In total, there were 360 days of survey using camera trap. As result, we recorded a total of 27 animal species of those, five species are listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN, 2020). The survey results showed a high richness of wildlife in the southern park region, and it also revealed human disturbance to wildlife in the park. The first-time camera trap was used for surveying wildlife diversity in the southern region of the KKK NP. Conducting camera trap surveys in the whole KKK NP is essential for monitoring and identifying priority areas for wildlife conservation in the national park.

Integrated Energy System Planning Based on Equipment Performance

The Integrated Energy System (IES) has the advantage of improving energy utilization and promoting energy flexibility. Its equipment configuration is one of the keys to Integrated Energy System planning. This paper takes equipment selection and capacity planning as the goal establishes the IES equipment selection and capacity planning model makes the minimum annual inclusive cost as the optimization goal and uses the mixed-integer linear programming algorithm to solve the practical problem. Finally, a typical southern park is taken as an example to analyze and verify the feasibility of the model and algorithm.

The return of the frogs: The importance of habitat refugia in maintaining diversity during a disease outbreak.

Recent decades have seen the emergence and spread of numerous infectious diseases, often with severe negative consequences for wildlife populations. Nevertheless, many populations survive the initial outbreaks, and even undergo recoveries. Unfortunately, the long-term effects of these outbreaks on host population genetics are poorly understood; to increase this understanding, we examined the population genetics of two species of rainforest frogs (Litoria nannotis and Litoria serrata) that have largely recovered from a chytridiomycosis outbreak at two national parks in the Wet Tropics of northern Australia. At the wetter, northern park there was little evidence of decreased genetic diversity in either species, and all of the sampled sites had high minor allele frequencies (mean MAF=0.230-0.235), high heterozygosity (0.318-0.325), and few monomorphic markers (1.4%-4.0%); however, some recovered L.nannotis populations had low Ne values (59.3-683.8) compared to populations that did not decline during the outbreak (1,537.4-1,756.5). At the drier, southern park, both species exhibited lower diversity (mean MAF=0.084-0.180; heterozygosity=0.126-0.257; monomorphic markers=3.7%-43.5%; Ne =18.4-676.1). The diversity patterns in this park matched habitat patterns, with both species having higher diversity levels and fewer closely related individuals at sites with higher quality habitat. These patterns were more pronounced for L.nannotis, which has lower dispersal rates than L.serrata. These results suggest that refugia with high quality habitat are important for retaining genetic diversity during disease outbreaks, and that gene flow following disease outbreaks is important for re-establishing diversity in populations where it was reduced.

Distribution and synchronized massive flowering of Sasa borealis in the forests of Korean National Parks

BackgroundGenus Sasa, dwarf bamboos, are considered to be species that lower biodiversity in the temperate forests of East Asia. Although they have a long interval, they, the monocarpic species, have a unique characteristic of large-scale synchronized flowering. Therefore, once they have flowered and then declined, it may be an opportunity for suppressed surrounding species. A previous study reported that Sasa borealis showed specialized flowering nationwide with a peak in 2015. However, this was based on data from a social network service and field survey at Mt. Jeombong. Therefore, we investigated S. borealis in the forests of five national parks in order to determine whether this rare synchronized flowering occurred nationwide, as well as its spatial distribution.ResultsWe found a total of 436 patches under the closed canopy of Quercus mongolica-dominated deciduous forests in the surveyed transects from the five national parks. Of these patches, 75% occupied a whole slope area, resulting in an enormous area. The patch area tended to be larger in the southern parks. Half (219 patches) of the patches flowered massively. Among them, 76% bloomed in 2015, which was consistent with the results of the previous report. The flowering rate varied from park to park with that of Mt. Seorak being the highest. The culms of the flowering patches were significantly taller (F = 93.640, p < 0.000) and thicker (F = 61.172, p < 0.000). Following the event, the culms of the flowering patches declined, providing a good opportunity for the suppressed plant species. The concurrent massive flowering of the mature patches was believed to be triggered by some stress such as a spring drought.ConclusionWe confirmed that the rare synchronized flowering of S. borealis occurred with a peak in 2015 nationwide. In addition, we explored that S. borealis not only monopolized an enormous area, but also dominated the floors of the late-successional Q. mongolica-dominated deciduous forests. This presents a major problem for Korean forests. As it declined simultaneously after flowering, there are both possibilities of forest regeneration or resettlement of S. borealis by massively produced seeds.

A DNA barcode-assisted annotated checklist of the spider (Arachnida, Araneae) communities associated to white oak woodlands in Spanish National Parks.

BackgroundA large scale semi-quantitative biodiversity assessment was conducted in white oak woodlands in areas included in the Spanish Network of National Parks, as part of a project aimed at revealing biogeographic patterns and identify biodiversity drivers. The semi-quantitative COBRA sampling protocol was conducted in sixteen 1-ha plots across six national parks using a nested design. All adult specimens were identified to species level based on morphology. Uncertain delimitations and identifications due to either limited information of diagnostic characters or conflicting taxonomy were further investigated using DNA barcode information.New informationWe identified 376 species belonging to 190 genera in 39 families, from the 8,521 adults found amongst the 20,539 collected specimens. Faunistic results include the discovery of 7 new species to the Iberian Peninsula, 3 new species to Spain and 11 putative new species to science. As largely expected by environmental features, the southern parks showed a higher proportion of Iberian and Mediterranean species than the northern parks, where the Palearctic elements were largely dominant. The analysis of approximately 3,200 DNA barcodes generated in the present study, corroborated and provided finer resolution to the morphologically based delimitation and identification of specimens in some taxonomically challenging families. Specifically, molecular data confirmed putative new species with diagnosable morphology, identified overlooked lineages that may constitute new species, confirmed assignment of specimens of unknown sexes to species and identified cases of misidentifications and phenotypic polymorphisms.

Features of the Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Soil of the Railway Yard

The distribution of heavy metals in soils in the sorting station of Lublino-Sortirovochnoye Kursk direction of the Moscow railway in the southeastern district of Moscow with the help of sampling profiles is considered. Analysis of the distribution of metals in the northern, southern parks, the central line of the station and along the main course is given. The characteristic groups of metals that determine the nature and level of contamination of the station, as well as a number of predominant heavy metals are presented. Their distribution at three stations stopping at a distance from the main course is considered. The categories of soil contamination and the contribution of each metal are determined taking into account the halos of the dispersion of enterprises. A comparison of the soil of the sorting station with the level of contamination of the strip for the removal of segments of the railway lines of the Kursk and Kazan directions is given. Recommendations are given for reducing the content and distribution of heavy metals in urban areas.

Landscapes of exclusion: state parks and Jim Crow in the American South

During the 1930s, the state park movement and the National Park Service expanded public access to scenic American places, especially during the era of the New Deal. However, under severe Jim Crow restrictions in the South, African Americans were routinely and officially denied entrance to these supposedly shared sites. In response, advocacy groups pressured the National Park Service to provide some facilities for African Americans. William O'Brien shows that these parks were typically substandard in relation to owhites onlyo areas. As the NAACP filed federal lawsuits that demanded park integration and increased pressure on park officials, southern park agencies reacted with attempts to expand segregated facilities, hoping they could demonstrate that these parks achieved the oseparate but equalo standard. But the courts consistently ruled in favour of integration, leading to the end of segregated state parks by the middle of the 1960s. Even though the stories behind these largely inferior facilities faded from public awareness, the imprint of segregated state park design remains visible throughout the South. O'Brien illuminates this untold facet of Jim Crow history in the first-ever study of segregation in southern state parks. His new book underscores the profound inequality that persisted for decades in the number, size, and quality of state parks provided for black visitors in the Jim Crow South.

State Parks and Jim Crow in the Decade Before Brown v. Board of Education

.African Americans had access to only a small number of state parks in the Jim Crow South. Between the end of World War II and the U.S. Supreme Court's 1954 Brown v. Board of Education decision, however, state park officials oversaw a relative expansion in the construction of facilities available to southern blacks. Emphasizing developments leading up to that landmark court ruling, I note that this trend did not indicate waning support for segregation among whites. Rather, this relative expansion was part of a strategy to protect Jim Crow by demonstrating that the “separate‐but‐equal” principle was being successfully achieved by southern park agencies. This intensified construction was largely a reaction to increasingly successful legal action in federal courts by the naacp generally; and officials in the state agencies hoped—unsuccessfully—to avoid challenges to state park segregation. After the Brown decision, several border states integrated their park systems, but most agencies displayed the reactionary defiance that characterized most white Southerners as the civil rights movement grew.

Spatial and temporal variation in reef fish assemblages of marine parks in New South Wales, Australia—baited video observations

MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 350:277-290 (2007) - DOI: https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07195 Spatial and temporal variation in reef fish assemblages of marine parks in New South Wales, Australia—baited video observations Hamish A. Malcolm1,5,*, William Gladstone2, Steven Lindfield2, James Wraith3, Tim P. Lynch4 1Solitary Islands Marine Park, NSW Marine Parks Authority, PO Box J297 Coffs Harbour Jetty, New South Wales 2450, Australia 2School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle (Ourimbah Campus), PO Box 127, Ourimbah, New South Wales 2258, Australia 3School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave., Wollongong, New South Wales 2522, Australia 4Jervis Bay Marine Park, PO Box 89, Huskisson, New South Wales 2540, Australia 5National Marine Science Centre, University of New England, PO Box J321 Coffs Harbour Jetty, New South Wales 2450, Australia *Email: hamish.malcolm@environment.nsw.gov.au ABSTRACT: Baited remote underwater video stations (BRUVS) were used to examine variation in assemblages of reef fishes at scales of 100s of kilometres (between 3 marine parks in New South Wales, Australia) and kilometres (between 4 sites within each park). Temporal variation over 5 yr was also examined in 1 park (Solitary Islands). BRUVS were able to sample the relative abundance and distribution of species from a wide range of trophic groups, and were particularly effective for detecting cryptic predators. Significant variability in the fish assemblages occurred between each park consistent with the latitudinal distribution of the parks. Fish assemblages also varied significantly between sites within each park. Contrary to expectations, total species richness did not follow the expected latitudinal gradient. However, observed geographical patterns in species richness of certain families such as Labridae (greater richness in the most northern park) and Monacanthidae (greater species richness in southern parks) followed expectations. Abundant schooling species, common to all 3 parks, were important contributors to variation between sites. Temporal variation over 5 yr at 1 park was relatively minor compared to the spatial variation among the 3 parks. This suggests large-scale spatial separation is more important for structuring fish assemblages than time. A network of marine parks will therefore be required to represent variation in reef fish assemblages over this latitudinal scale. KEY WORDS: Baited remote underwater video stations · BRUVS · Marine protected area · Reef fish assemblage · Representativeness · Spatial patterns Full text in pdf format PreviousNextCite this article as: Malcolm HA, Gladstone W, Lindfield S, Wraith J, Lynch TP (2007) Spatial and temporal variation in reef fish assemblages of marine parks in New South Wales, Australia—baited video observations. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 350:277-290. https://doi.org/10.3354/meps07195Export citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 350. Online publication date: November 22, 2007 Print ISSN: 0171-8630; Online ISSN: 1616-1599 Copyright © 2007 Inter-Research.

Heavy metal deposition in polish national parks — Changes during ten years

Biomonitoring studies of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) and other elements (Mg, Na, K, Ca) were done in all Polish national parks in 1976 and again in 1986. Two moss species (Pleurozium schreberi and Hylocomium splendens) were used to estimate the concentrations of these elements, mainly derived from atmospheric deposition. Significant differences were found between particular parks in the concentration of heavy metals and nutrients, the lowest concentration being recorded in the mosses from the parks in northern and eastern Poland, the higher ones in the southern parks. Significant differences in the content of elements were also observed between the green and brown parts of mosses, between moss species and between years of sampling.

Source Areas and Paleotectonic Implications of Upper Cretaceous Ohio Creek Member of Mesavarde Group, Piceance Basin, Colorado: ABSTRACT

The Ohio Creek member of the Mesaverde Group consists of massive or a series of massive conglomeratic sandstones deposited by several large braided stream systems that drained into the Piceance basin during Campanian-Maestrichtian time. Channel forms and internal bedding features are similar to those in the underlying Mesaverde. However, the Ohio Creek weathers to form a conspicuous white band above the brown sandstones of the Mesaverde and is further distinguished by an increase in pebble content. The distinctive color is due to extensive kaolinization caused by post-Ohio Creek weathering. Paleocurrent data, pebbles, and sandstone lithologies indicate at least two distinct source areas. A western sedimentary source area, probably central Utah, is indicated by deposits along the western margin of the basin. A contribution from the Uncompahgre highland area cannot be ruled out as yet. A sedimentary source area is also indicated to the east and/or southeast. The Sawatch Range area seems to have been the major contributor of coarse material, but a change in pebble lithology could be due to an influx from the southern Park Range. Approximate ages of the Ohio Creek member in published literature are derived from palynomorphs. Scattered data by separate workers indicate that the Ohio Creek in the southern part of the basin is conformable with the underlying Mesaverde, whereas the member could be as young as middle Paleocene in the northeastern basin. End_of_Article - Last_Page 954------------

Metamorphism, structure and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Discusssion

Metamorphism, structure and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Discusssion

Metamorphism, structure and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Reply

Metamorphism, structure and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Reply

Metamorphism, structure, and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Reply

Metamorphism, structure, and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Reply

Metamorphism, structure, and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Discussion

Metamorphism, structure, and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia: Discussion

Metamorphism, structure and stratigraphy in the Southern Park Ranges, British Columbia

The Southern Park Ranges lie immediately east of the Rocky Mountain Trench, near the Big Bend of the Columbia River, B.C. They are composed of quartzites, pelites and carbonates in an uninterrupted sequence from the Proterozoic Windermere Supergroup, through the Lower Cambrian Gog Group, to the Middle Cambrian Chancellor Group.Two phases of folding and metamorphism are recognized. The first phase of folding (F1) occurred before and during the first phase of metamorphism (M1), whereas the second phase of folding (F2) was associated with a second (very minor) phase of metamorphism (M2). Both F1 and F2 structures are apparently associated with the rise of the Porcupine Creek Anticlinorium, a major fold complex trending northwest–southeast across the eastern part of the study area. Associated with F2 folds are several west-dipping thrust faults, some of which terminate upwards in the cores of F2 anticlines. All structures are cut by late-stage, west-dipping normal faults.The first phase of metamorphism (M1) resulted in a Barrovian sequence of isograds such that chlorite zone rocks occur in the east and sillimanite zone rocks occur in the west. Phase equilibria studies suggest that the metamorphic temperatures in the area ranged from less than 480 °C (east) to 570 °C (west) at a pressure of approximately 5 kbar (5 × 105 kPa).The M1 isograds in the Park Ranges outline a thermal antiform whose western limb is truncated by the Purcell Fault (a major Cordilleran structure) on the western slopes of the study area.A comparison of main metamorphic phases between the Park Ranges and the Selkirk and Monashee Mountains across the Purcell Fault, suggests that the western (Selkirk–Monashee) terrane underwent temperatures approximately 40 °C higher than the study area (for equivalent metamorphic zones) and a pressure between 2 and 3 kbar (2 × 105 and 3 × 105 kPa) higher than the study area. This pressure difference suggests that there has been a minimum of 7 km post-metamorphic vertical motion on the Purcell Fault. A difference in structural style across the Purcell Fault, due to a higher ductility in the western terrane, is interpreted as a result of the difference in depth during the deformation of the two terranes.