Southern Illinois University Carbondale Research Articles

Introduction

Introduction| March 01 2023 Introduction: Words from the Editor Jay Needham, MFA Jay Needham, MFA Jay Needham is an artist, musician, and cultural producer who utilizes multiple creative platforms to produce his works. As a hearing-divergent person, Needham explores present and emerging ecologies of the electromagnetic spectrum that often feature the sense of sound and vibration as a component in the interpretation of his works. His sound art, works for radio, visual art, performances, and installations have appeared worldwide at museums, festivals, and on the airwaves. His most recent sound installation is on permanent display in the BioMuseo, designed by Frank Gehry in the Republic of Panama. Needham’s writing appears in the books Hearing Places: Sound, Place, Time, Culture and Moving Sounds: A Cultural History of the Car Radio. His research has been published in Exposure, Soundscape: The Journal of Acoustic Ecology and Leonardo Music Journal. Needham is a professor in the School of Media Arts at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. He received his MFA from the School of Art at California Institute of the Arts. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Resonance (2023) 4 (1): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1525/res.2023.4.1.1 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Jay Needham; Introduction: Words from the Editor. Resonance 1 March 2023; 4 (1): 1–5. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/res.2023.4.1.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentResonance Search As I introduce the fourth volume of Resonance, I’m very proud to welcome the newest members of the journal’s editorial board. These sound studies scholars and artists add to the diversity of perspectives as we continue to explore cultural boundaries and expand upon the concept of sound as a living, cultural force. Throughout our fourth volume we will be presenting a new special series, “Queer Politics & Positionalities in Sonic Art.” The series will be guest edited by Charles Eppley (they/he), assistant teaching professor of Interdisciplinary Arts & Performance at Arizona State University and co-editor and research coordinator for the Proclaiming Disability Arts initiative at the NYU Center for Disability Studies. Their work will be assisted by a diverse team of scholars and artists from within the Resonance community. “Queer Politics & Positionalities in Sonic Art” asks vitally important questions such as, Does queer sound exist, and are there... You do not currently have access to this content.

Illustration Credits

Illustration Credits

Southern Illinois University at 150 Years: Growth, Accomplishments, and Challenges

What has happened to Illinois's public colleges and universities? After decades of spectacular growth in the aftermath of the Second World War marked by surging enrollments, proliferation of new programs, and the creation of new campuses, suddenly came crises with shrinking student bodies, fewer teachers, and the dismantling of entire programs, indeed, entire departments. Southern Illinois University at 150 Years lays a foundation for understanding this story of accomplishments and challenges not just for one institution but for the condition of public education at large.Accounting for one institution is a formidable, multifaceted project perhaps best accomplished by a team of experts. John S. Jackson brings five decades of experience as emeritus professor of political science, dean of his college and of the graduate school, and interim chancellor to the task of assembling contributors to this study. Several chapters if read together render essential perspective: Jackson's overview introduction to these years, John Haller's eyewitness account of the Board of Higher Education, David Wilson's history of the graduate school, and Judith Marshall's concise explanation of the budget. Together these chapters illuminate the complex interplay of university-community relations, shifting balances of state politics, the role of the Illinois Board of Education, rivalries with other universities, and concomitant budget priorities. Other chapters on student affairs, the alumni association, buildings and grounds, the library, the schools of law and of medicine, athletics, and special programs, such as archaeological investigations and honors programs, fill in the details. Readers will gain appreciation of this institution's search for identity—in particular its problematic relations with the region and the relationship between teaching and research.This story, while focused on Southern Illinois University Carbondale, begins to answer questions regarding public higher education throughout the state and beyond. The vision that guided policymakers in the wake of the Second World War to open wide the doors of opportunity remains faint memory. Today that investment in the rising generation's welfare seems illusory. Readers who recall that fading dream will find answers here.Another book waits to be written as a companion to Southern Illinois University at 150—this devoted to the generations of students and teachers who made this institution their own. There were, for example, the starry-eyed idealists who arrived to study with Buckminster Fuller and his colleagues in the departments of design and community development. Black students were wrestling with Carbondale's deeply embedded habits of segregation—in the 1930s by joining the college chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, in the 1940s by publicly protesting segregation, in the 1960s by organizing sit-in demonstrations at a lunch counter and by campaigning successfully for the introduction of Black history in the curriculum (a step toward the creation of an Africana Studies program). Students like Dick Gregory were encouraged to come by older Black graduates; three of the nine students who had bravely defied Little Rock's segregated school system chose to come to campus.This rich story of student life is multifaceted. Protests against the Vietnam War focused on the Vietnam Studies Center and eventually led to confrontation with the police and the closing of the university. The university created a department of rehabilitation and led the nation in making the campus available to wheelchairs. Curbs on sidewalks both on and off campus were broken down thus opening opportunity to countless otherwise disadvantaged young people. International students came from such faraway places as Nigeria and Nepal. Many students were the first in their families to enter a university.And there was the faculty. Graduates remember cramming into large lecture halls to join the legendary “Mr. G” (Harold Grosowsky, professor of design) as he invited them to nurture their own creative imaginations. The struggle for union recognition has yet to be told. And perhaps above all, dedicated faculty members persevered through years of grim budget cuts to meet their responsibilities as both researchers and teachers. This too is part of the story that awaits telling.

Mitigation of Climate Change for Urban Agriculture: Water Management of Culinary Herbs Grown in an Extensive Green Roof Environment

Extensive green roofs provide space for local agriculture in dense urban environments. However, already extreme drought and heat conditions on green roofs are likely to worsen under future climates, challenging urban crop production and impeding food security. The potential productivity of annual and perennial culinary herbs on an extensive green roof (~8 cm depth) with minimal, but consistent, water inputs was evaluated within a humid, subtropical climate (Southern Illinois University-Carbondale, Carbondale, IL, USA). Vigor, growth, and overwintering ability of four different perennial culinary herbs, namely garlic chives (Allium tuberosum), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia ‘Munstead Dwarf’), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), and winter thyme (Thymus vulgaris ‘Winter Thyme’), as well as vigor and growth of annual ‘Italian large-leaf’ basil (Ocimum basilicum) were evaluated under twice-weekly, weekly, and fortnightly water applications of 1 L to each plant. All species of perennial herbs produced greater dry perennial biomass and overwintering potential under the two most frequent water applications. Similarly, with weekly water applications, basil proved highly suitable for production in an extensive green roof environment. Weekly watering was required to provide commercially viable plant growth, vigor, and overwinter survival for all perennial herbs. These results indicate that supplemental water is an important consideration for sustaining culinary herb production on extensive green roofs with the increasingly hot and dry conditions provided under the climate change scenarios projected for cities currently experiencing temperate climates.

Technical Writing for the Health and Fitness Professional

Megan Poole, Ph.D.,is an assistant professor of English at the University of Louisville. Her research and teaching are situated at the intersections of rhetoric, feminist science studies, and technical writing. Her work has appeared or is forthcoming in Visual Communication Quarterly, Western Journal of Communication, Journal for the History of Rhetoric, and Quarterly Journal of Speech, among other venues. Kristi McClary King, Ph.D., CHES,is an associate professor in the Exercise Physiology and Community Health programs in the Department of Health and Sport Sciences at the University of Louisville in Kentucky. She is a Commonwealth Institute of Kentucky Scholar, an associate editor for ACSM’s Health & Fitness Journal®, a national ACSM Health and Science Policy Representative, and a Certified Health Education Specialist. Dr. King is the principal investigator on multiyear research studies that focus on the improvement of health, specifically through physical activity and nutrition interventions and policies. Dr. King earned her Ph.D. in Health Education from Southern Illinois University Carbondale and completed postdoctorate training in Physical Activity and Public Health Research with the University of South Carolina’s Arnold School of Public Health and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Disclosure:The authors declare no conflict of interest and do not have any financial disclosures.

436 Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment (e.g., CPAP) Differential Effects on Cognitive Performance

Abstract Introduction The efficacy of CPAP treatment for cognitive improvement among patients with OSA is inconsistent. Naegele et al. (1995) found that short term memory impairment persisted even after 4 to 6 months of CPAP; O’Donoghue et al. (2012) have reported they did not find improvement in vigilance or memory; Felver-Grant (2007) found that working memory improved but not other cognitive tests. Kanbay et al. (2015) found patients improved on the MMSE scores after 3 months of CPAP treatment. Kim et al. (2018) claimed just 3 weeks of CPAP treatment improved attention, sleep quality, and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). CPAP therapy has little effect on the improvement of cognitive deficits associated with OSA if the patients did not complain of daytime sleepiness (Zhou et al,, 2016). Methods Both untreated OSA patients (N=19) and ApneaLinkTM- screened controls (N=16) were administered a battery of cognitive tests before the patients started using CPAP and these two conditions were tested again after 3 months of CPAP treatment. A Fisher’s Exact Chi-Square test was used to determine if there was an association between conditions (OSA patients vs. Controls) and level of performance on cognitive tests (low vs. high scores) at the baseline and after 3 months of treatment. Results Depression scores, subjective sleep quality scores (global PSQI), EDS scores (Epworth Sleepiness Scale), and mood disturbance (Profile of Mood States) decreased after 3 months of CPAP treatment just for patients. Controls (individuals without moderate or severe OSA) performed better at the second time on phonemic fluency, immediate recall memory test, and 30 minute delayed memory recall test. Conclusion The fact that patients did not do better at time 2 on any of the cognitive tests may indicate a long term effect of hypoxia on the brain. The cognitive deficits may not reverse within the first 3 months of CPAP although self-reported depressive symptoms and perception of sleep quality and positive mood have improved when patients reported they are compliant with the treatment. Support (if any) A grant from the Center for Integrative Research on Cognitive Neural Science, Southern Illinois University Carbondale was received.

159 The Role of Education on the Association between OSA and Cognitive Functions in Middle-age and Older Adults

Abstract Introduction A weak relation between an increase in education and improved health knowledge was observed among those who attended college, but not among those whose highest educational level attainment was high school (Altindag, Cannonier, & Mocan, 2014). Alachantis and colleagues (2005) had applied cognitive reserve theory (Stern, 2002) to help explain why OSA patients with higher intelligence scores perform well on cognitive tasks. The resource substitution theory (RST; Ross & Mirowsky, 2006) posits that higher education compensates for background disadvantages rather than magnifying background advantages. The goals of the current study were to examine the interaction between educational level and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on cognitive functions such as verbal fluency, psychomotor vigilance, executive functions, visuospatial ability, and attention span and to determine whether the results would support the RST. Methods One hundred and nine participants (47 ApneaLinkTM -screened controls and 62 untreated OSA patients) participated in the study and completed the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, WAIS-III digit span and block design, semantic and phonemic fluency tests, and a psychomotor vigilance task. Subjective sleep (PSQI and ESS) and health measures (depression, anxiety, mood disturbance, diabetes, hypertension) were assessed. A hierarchical regression was conducted to test for the additional variance explained by the interaction term even after accounting for the covariates. Results In semantic fluency and visuospatial ability tasks, patients with higher education performed better than patients with high school or less education. This moderation effect of education was not observed for the control group. A significant interaction effect was not observed for vigilance, phonemic fluency, attention span, or executive functions although education was a significant predictor for all cognitive tasks. Conclusion The resource substitution theory was supported as the benefit of education seemed more crucial for OSA patients than for controls, specifically in semantic fluency and visuospatial ability. This benefit of higher education contributing to larger cognitive reserves in patients with OSA helped buffer some cognitive deficits but not for others, but this buffer no longer works when the cognitive demand gets larger. Support (if any) A grant from the Center for Integrative Research on Cognitive Neural Science, Southern Illinois University Carbondale was received.

IWRA 50th anniversary interview

1. When did you first become a member of IWRA?I joined IWRA in 1987 after completing my graduate PhD programme and starting my teaching at Southern Illinois University Carbondale.2. What responsibi...

The Owl Catcher's Son

The Owl Catcher's Son Andrew Hemmert (bio) Keywords Andrew Hemmert, poetry, labor, career, animal, fatherhood Without workI live inside the classifieds,and so spend my daysimagining differentways my life could turn outif I was a postal workeror a custodianor a bird catcher—an actual job I came across,the gist of whichwas chasing pigeonsout of big box storesand sparrows out of airports.I've wrangled birds before,yellow finchesthat trapped themselvesbehind pool screensand could not seethe door wide openpast which the whole sky waited.A lot of themI caught by handand released into the yard,only to find them deadon the pavers hours later.When stress gets its hands on them,they can't take it.Me, I stockpile stresslike an apocalypse prepper.I don't know what my life would bewithout anxiety,but I know bird catchingmust be in my blood [End Page 242] because my father's done it too.The neighbor called him upone night, told himthere was a screech owl in her house.He thought she was jokinguntil he saw it perched thereamong the knickknacks in the kitchen,staring back like a renegadepiece of the woods.The way he tells it,he chased the owl through the housewith a landing net,knocking books onto the floor,toppling chairs and swinging for dear lifeuntil the owl flew right into the net.He wrestled it outside,its wings flapping like a mess of fishtrapped in the rubber mesh.He threw the net open in the backyardand the owl shot up into the nightlike this had been its planall along. Which is not uncommon,acting like you meant to dowhatever ultimately ended upsolving the problem.That's what most jobs require.In most respects I haven'tfollowed my father's footsteps.But this I aspire to—how to do a job welleven if it fights you beak and wing.How to carry the delicate,difficult thingwherever it needs to go. [End Page 243] Andrew Hemmert andrew hemmert's poems have appeared in The Cincinnati Review, The Journal, Michigan Quarterly Review, Prairie Schooner, and Poetry Northwest. He won the 2018 River Styx International Poetry Contest. He earned his MFA in creative writing from Southern Illinois University Carbondale and lives in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Copyright © 2021 The Massachusetts Review, Inc.

Community engagement: Finding history where it lives

An African American community activist and business owner was looking for an institution that would collect documents and assist in conducting oral histories from communities across Southern Illinois to “tell the story of the region’s African-American Heritage.” Southern Illinois University Carbondale’s Special Collections Research Center (SCRC) answered the call. SCRC has been committed to collecting and providing access to materials that represent diversity of race, economic status, gender and sexuality, religion, and politics in southern Illinois.

Promoting Personal Accomplishment to Decrease Nurse Burnout

A relationship exists between personal accomplishment and burnout. Understanding this relationship provides the nurse and nurse manager with tools to minimize the impact of nurse burnout on patient satisfaction and outcomes. Understanding this relationship provides opportunity to positively impact personal accomplishment while minimizing burnout. A relationship exists between personal accomplishment and burnout. Understanding this relationship provides the nurse and nurse manager with tools to minimize the impact of nurse burnout on patient satisfaction and outcomes. Understanding this relationship provides opportunity to positively impact personal accomplishment while minimizing burnout. Kelli D. Whittington, PhD, RN, CNE, is assistant professor and program director at Southern Illinois University Carbondale in Carbondale, Illinois. She can be reached at [email protected] . Thomas Shaw, MBA, PhD, is associate professor at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. Richard C McKinnies, PhD, RT(R)(T), CMD, is associate professor and Interim director of the School of Health Sciences at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. Sandra K. Collins, MBA, PhD, is professor and program director at Southern Illinois University Carbondale.

Review: The Voice as Something More: Essays Toward Materiality, edited by Martha Feldman & Judith T. Zeitlin

Book Review| July 27 2020 Review: The Voice as Something More: Essays Toward Materiality, edited by Martha Feldman & Judith T. Zeitlin The Voice as Something More: Essays Toward Materiality Edited by Martha Feldman & Judith T. Zeitlin University of Chicago Press, 2019, 375 pp. Namrata Rele Sathe Namrata Rele Sathe Namrata Rele Sathe (“Review, The Voice as Something More”) holds a PhD in media studies from Southern Illinois University Carbondale. Her dissertation, “You Only Live Once: Bollywood, Neoliberal Subjectivity, and the Hindutva State,” focuses on the politics of gender, sexuality, and caste in neoliberal right-wing India read through the lens of popular Hindi cinema. Her work has been published in academic journals such as Studies in South Asian Film and Media and the New Review of Film and Television Studies. She is the assistant editor of Studies in South Asian Film and Media. Her research interests include feminist media studies, literary studies, gender and sexuality studies, and popular culture. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Resonance (2020) 1 (2): 211–214. https://doi.org/10.1525/res.2020.1.2.211 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Namrata Rele Sathe; Review: The Voice as Something More: Essays Toward Materiality, edited by Martha Feldman & Judith T. Zeitlin. Resonance 27 July 2020; 1 (2): 211–214. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/res.2020.1.2.211 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentResonance Search Keywords: The Voice as Something More, sound studies, voice In The Voice as Something More, editors Martha Feldman and Judith T. Zeitlin have put together a collection of essays that cover an expanse of theoretical and textual issues related to the “voice” in sound studies. The volume is a useful primer for scholars looking for an introduction to voice as a conceptual aspect of sound; however, the essays are also a thorough inquiry into the physiological, psychological, and sociopolitical contexts of voice. In the introduction, “The Clamor of Voices,” Feldman and Zeitlin define their book as an inquiry into the materiality of voice. This rationale, the editors explain, enables a critical–cultural approach to voice within constructs such as “self and other, language, ‘grain,’ technology, music and race” (p. 4). The collection is a response to an earlier book by Mladen Dolar, A Voice and Nothing More, a highly influential intervention in the field of sound studies. In... You do not currently have access to this content.

For the Opossum, My Sympathy

For the Opossum, My Sympathy John McCarthy (bio) Luck and mercy compelled a god to burn youinto existence. In the dark you conjure a pile of oak leaves into a dwelling. A fine placeto raise your family, or dream of one. A fine place to carry the weight of allthe world's suffering alone. I wonder what came first— your face, which is a scar sneering in the dark,or the pain that allows such wounds to fester— not just fester—but forces them to growand survive? Your existence lives between smile and snarl. Like you, I often play dead and wish it were so.That rouge-dark gash in your gut that keeps your offspring warm looks like a slit wrist.Sometimes, I dream someone will find me, and maybe, find also, some small things inside of meworth saving—small things that could live on even if I were gone. Like me, you are always avoidingthose shocked men hollering, Look at that ugly mother fucker every time you surprise them and exposetheir violent insecurities. It must get old, playing dead behind dumpsters. If you will let me,I will apologize on behalf of all the fear [End Page 227] that Illinois overflows with. I watch you pass throughmy headlights and the intersection of our lives. Please, be careful. Some of us don't bother to slow down.Some of us are so afraid of you and your truth, we speed up. [End Page 228] John McCarthy John McCarthy is the author of Scared Violent Like Horses (Milkweed Editions, 2019), which won the Jake Adam York Prize. His work has appeared or is forthcoming in 32 Poems, Alaska Quarterly Review, Best New Poets 2015, Copper Nickel, Hayden's Ferry Review, TriQuarterly, and Zone 3, among others. Additionally, he is the 2016 winner of The Pinch Literary Award in Poetry. John received his MFA from Southern Illinois University Carbondale. He currently lives in Evanston, Illinois, where he serves as an Associate Editor of RHINO magazine. Copyright © 2020 Pleiades and Pleiades Press

Understanding the Mental and Physical Health Needs and Acculturation Processes of International Graduate Students in the United States

The international graduate student population is a unique one that has specific needs that differ from that of domestic students and other acculturating groups. International graduate students face social, financial, and other stressors rooted in language proficiency while dealing with academic performance demands that accompany being a graduate student (Sullivan & Kashubeck-West, 2015). Furthermore, many international students studying at American universities tend to experience severe adjustment challenges dealing with the unfamiliarity of American customs and traditions in addition to the lack of emotional and social support on behalf of the host university. The goals of this qualitative, narrative case study were to explore the needs of international graduate students in regards to their adjustment and whether the needs of this population are being met by the host institution, Southern Illinois University Carbondale (SIUC). The results of this study indicated that there is a concrete need for University staff to be trained on cultural competency, health literacy, and xenophobia as they seek to meet the potential needs of their visiting international students.
 Additionally, health and wellness resources offered through the University should be improved in order to be more comprehensively advertised and promoted on campus and within the surrounding community. The study yields results that crystallizes the impact that poor acculturation can have on the student’s mental and physical health, and how bridges between the international and non-international communities can be built and more importantly sustained, thus resulting in a more inclusive environment.

Peoples of the Inland Sea: Native Americans and Newcomers in the Great Lakes Region, 1600-1870

Book Review| July 01 2019 Peoples of the Inland Sea: Native Americans and Newcomers in the Great Lakes Region, 1600-1870 Peoples of the Inland Sea: Native Americans and Newcomers in the Great Lakes Region, 1600-1870. By David Andrew Nichols. (Athens: Ohio University Press, 2018. Pp. xiii, 271, illustrations, notes, bibliography, index. Paper, $23.96.). Michael Batinski Michael Batinski MICHAEL BATINSKI taught history at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-) (2019) 112 (2): 213–214. https://doi.org/10.5406/jillistathistsoc.112.2.0213 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Michael Batinski; Peoples of the Inland Sea: Native Americans and Newcomers in the Great Lakes Region, 1600-1870. Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-) 1 January 2019; 112 (2): 213–214. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/jillistathistsoc.112.2.0213 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressJournal of the Illinois State Historical Society (1998-) Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2019 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2019 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Swiss Maid: The Untold Story of Women's Contributions to Switzerland's Success by Margrit V. Zinggeler

Reviewed by: Swiss Maid: The Untold Story of Women's Contributions to Switzerland's Success by Margrit V. Zinggeler Carola Daffner Margrit V. Zinggeler. Swiss Maid: The Untold Story of Women's Contributions to Switzerland's Success. Peter Lang, 2017. 384 pp. Cloth, $64.95. In Swiss Maid: The Untold Story of Women's Contributions to Switzerland's Success, Margrit Zinggeler wonders why women's labor and contributions have not been adequately recognized or included in the success story of Switzerland. For Zinggeler, R. James Breiding's work Swiss Made: The Untold Story behind Switzerland's Success (2013) is a recent example of this phenomenon, and her own study, as implied in the title, is designed as a direct response. In Swiss Made, Breiding almost exclusively focused on stories of male achievers and entrepreneurs who had built Switzerland's enterprises into global empires. To prove her point fürther, Zinggeler also refers to a wide range of other examples, ranging from the German literary canon and popular introductory textbooks on Swiss economics to contemporary reality TV and docu-fictions, all of which helped create a myth of female Swiss identity. In Swiss Maid, however, Zinggeler presents a detailed study of the importance of "invisible, silent, and silenced women" (xxviii) in all sectors of Switzerland's private and public life. This includes the domestic realm, farms, workshops, and businesses as well as schools, hospitals, the manufacturing and service industries, and the military. Women, as Zinggeler convincingly argues, have always formed the backbone of Swiss society as a whole; their visible and invisible efforts in areas as diverse as homeopathic medicine and hospitality enabled economic growth which, in turn, resulted in high profits for the Swiss nation. In order to fill the void resulting from the fact that women's work was simply not recorded in chronicles and history books, Zinggeler uses an impressive number of unaccounted, forgotten, or hidden personal testimonies and various other data. In addition to historical documents and records, she also takes artifacts, illustrations, and literary descriptions into consideration. Swiss Maid fürther includes responses from question-naires and small studies (oral conversations and written interviews) in order to provide a better understanding of how the situation of women has changed in recent years while still being influenced by generational and gender conflicts. Reiterated in all chapters and within different contexts is the important fact that Swiss women only gained full suffrage in 1971, equal rights in 1981, and gender equality in the constitution in 1996. It is therefore fitting that the author includes an analysis of Switzerland's reaction to the recent political happenings in the United States and the [End Page 153] new wave of worldwide feminism. Zinggeler draws particular attention to the similarities between the current situation regarding women's politics in the United States and the atmosphere in Switzerland in the late 1950s, when an attempt to give Swiss women active and passive voting rights was rejected. Zinggeler's Swiss Maid is an easily accessible and fascinating study, written for a wide array of possible readers. Despite a few repetitions, the study is well organized and clear, taking into account both obvious and subtle differences between communities and cantons. Especially intriguing is Zinggeler's discussion of early Swiss industries. As she explains, Swiss industry as a whole started out in the textile cottage industry, and textiles remained the most important goods produced in and exported from Switzerland until the early twentieth century. Women, however, were the first and foremost producers of textiles and continued to help improve the production with their enormous specialized knowledge of techniques and skills. Zinggeler makes clear that this legacy still remains immensely strong in the twenty-first century: Michelle Obama's inauguration gown was made of embroidered fabric from St. Gallen. [End Page 154] Carola Daffner Southern Illinois University Carbondale Copyright © 2020 University of Nebraska Press

The Spirit

The Spirit Andrew Hemmert (bio) In our church, worshippers fellon their faces before the altar,making noises with their mouthsthat, to them, must have soundedlike the language of angels.Shouting out wordlessly, signifying holiness.Even when I believed,I thought it was mostly gibberish.But I still like the pluralityof the phrase speaking in tonguesbecause it suggests a communicationthat can only be achievedif the speaker has stolen another person's tongue,or has been possessedby a foreign appendage. People can be possessedby demons, but more oftenthey are possessed by people they knew, or by places.More often they are possessed by themselves.The woman, after eating quietlyin the restaurant, seeminglyno different from any of us, stood up from her tableand took off her clothes, piece by piece,each garment like a newspaper pageshe had finished reading, and had no need for.And when she was completely, fundamentally naked,she sat back down at the tableand continued eating. As if nothing had happened.There is, in religion, often the expression of a desire [End Page 130] to be filled with something alien,something beyond rationality and control.When the police arrived at the restaurantto escort the woman back to the hospitalfrom which she'd been released three days earlier,one of the officers draped a blanketaround her bare shoulders.This is what the ushers didin my church, when someone was filledwith the spirit. They covered them,as if they were naked. [End Page 131] Andrew Hemmert Andrew Hemmert is a sixth-generation Floridian living in Kalamazoo, Michigan. His poems have appeared or are forthcoming in the Cincinnati Review, the Greensboro Review, Hunger Mountain, North American Review, Poet Lore, and Poetry Northwest. He earned his mfa from Southern Illinois University Carbondale and currently serves as an assistant editor for Fifth Wednesday. Copyright © 2018 University of Nebraska Press

Are there fitness costs of adaptive pyrethroid resistance in the amphipod, Hyalella azteca?

Pyrethroid-resistant Hyalella azteca with voltage-gated sodium channel mutations have been identified at multiple locations throughout California. In December 2013, H.azteca were collected from Mosher Slough in Stockton, CA, USA, a site with reported pyrethroid (primarily bifenthrin and cyfluthrin) sediment concentrations approximately twice the 10-d LC50 for laboratory-cultured H.azteca. These H.azteca were shipped to Southern Illinois University Carbondale and have been maintained in pyrethroid-free culture since collection. Even after 22 months in culture, resistant animals had approximately 53 times higher tolerance to permethrin than non-resistant laboratory-cultured H.azteca. Resistant animals held in culture also lacked the wild-type allele at the L925 locus, and had non-synonymous substitutions that resulted in either a leucine-isoleucine or leucine-valine substitution. Additionally, animals collected from the same site nearly three years later were again resistant to the pyrethroid permethrin. When resistant animals were compared to non-resistant animals, they showed lower reproductive capacity, lower upper thermal tolerance, and the data suggested greater sensitivity to, 4, 4'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), copper (II) sulfate, and sodium chloride. Further testing of the greater heat and sodium chloride sensitivity of the resistant animals showed these effects to be unrelated to clade association. Fitness costs associated with resistance to pyrethroids are well documented in pest species (including mosquitoes, peach-potato aphids, and codling moths) and we believe that H.azteca collected from Mosher Slough also have fitness costs associated with the developed resistance.

John Dewey’s Theoretical Framework from 1903–1916: Prefigurations of a Naturalistic Metaphysics

Research Article| July 01 2017 John Dewey’s Theoretical Framework from 1903–1916: Prefigurations of a Naturalistic Metaphysics Paul Benjamin Cherlin Paul Benjamin Cherlin Southern Illinois University Carbondale Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Pluralist (2017) 12 (2): 57–77. https://doi.org/10.5406/pluralist.12.2.0057 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Permissions Search Site Citation Paul Benjamin Cherlin; John Dewey’s Theoretical Framework from 1903–1916: Prefigurations of a Naturalistic Metaphysics. The Pluralist 1 January 2017; 12 (2): 57–77. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/pluralist.12.2.0057 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressThe Pluralist Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2017 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2017 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Medical School Outcomes, Primary Care Specialty Choice, and Practice in Medically Underserved Areas by Physician Alumni of MEDPREP, a Postbaccalaureate Premedical Program for Underrepresented and Disadvantaged Students

ABSTRACTProblem: Minorities continue to be underrepresented as physicians in medicine, and the United States currently has a number of medically underserved communities. MEDPREP, a postbaccalaureate medical school preparatory program for socioeconomically disadvantaged or underrepresented in medicine students, has a stated mission to increase the numbers of physicians from minority or disadvantaged backgrounds and physicians working with underserved populations. This study aims to determine how MEDPREP enhances U.S. physician diversity and practice within underserved communities. Intervention: MEDPREP recruits disadvantaged and underrepresented in medicine students to complete a 2-year academic enhancement program that includes science coursework, standardized test preparation, study/time management training, and emphasis on professional development. Five hundred twenty-five disadvantaged or underrepresented students over 15 years completed MEDPREP and were tracked through entry into medical practice. Context: MEDPREP accepts up to 36 students per year, with two thirds coming from the Midwest region and another 20% from nearby states in the South. Students complete science, test preparation, academic enhancement, and professionalism coursework taught predominantly by MEDPREP faculty on the Southern Illinois University Carbondale campus. Students apply broadly to medical schools in the region and nation but are also offered direct entry into our School of Medicine upon meeting articulation program requirements. Outcome: Seventy-nine percent of students completing MEDPREP became practicing physicians. Fifty-eight percent attended public medical schools, and 62% attended medical schools in the Midwest. Fifty-three percent of program alumni chose primary care specialties compared to 34% of U.S. physicians, and MEDPREP alumni were 2.7 times more likely to work in medically underserved areas than physicians nationally. Lessons Learned: MEDPREP increases the number of disadvantaged and underrepresented students entering and graduating from medical school, choosing primary care specialties, and working in medically underserved areas. MEDPREP may therefore serve as a model for increasing physician diversity and addressing the needs of medically underserved communities.