Carbon Source For Synthesis Research Articles

Synthesis of Carbon Nanoparticles via Co-Pyrolysis of Waste Slop Oil and Ferrocene

Co-pyrolysis of slop oil with ferrocene was carried out to convert waste of petroleum into carbon nanoparticles (CNPs). Since slop oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons (HCs) with broad molecular weight distribution, it could be simply fractionated into some certain fractions by batch distillation. Distillate containing hydrocarbons with small molecules was mainly focused as an alternative carbon source for synthesis of CNPs. A two-stage furnace was employed for evaporating a mixture of distillated slop oil and ferrocene at 200 °C in the 1st stage of the furnace and then formation of CNPs at 900 °C could be observed in the 2nd stage. Laboratory-grade ferrocene was mixed with slop oil with a designated weight-ratio of 1:2. Microscopic analyses based on SEM and TEM micrographs reveals that CNPs obtained from distillated slop oil mostly consist of bundles of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with nominal diameters of 20-50 nm. Raman spectroscopic analyses of the synthesized CNPs exhibit the notably high value of IG/ID, suggesting that the synthesized CNPs preferably consist of graphitic nanostructure. Moreover, TGA analysis shows that 39.8 and 32.9 wt% of Fe contents exist in the CNP samples synthesized from original slop oil and distillated slop oil, respectively.

Precursor Selection for Sol‐Gel Synthesis of Titanium Carbide Nanopowders by a New Intuitionistic Fuzzy Multi‐Attribute Group Decision‐Making Model

This article develops a new intuitionistic fuzzy multi‐attribute group decision‐making model to solve precursor selection problems. The proposed model is based on a hybridization of intuitionistic fuzzy sets theory, grey relational analysis and technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution method. To better describe the uncertain decision environment, multi‐attribute group decision‐making method with completely unknown weights of both experts and attributes is proposed in an intuitionistic fuzzy setting. Finally, the selection of the carbon source in synthesis of nanocrystalline titanium carbide powders by sol‐gel route as an application example is solved by the proposed model, and the implementation of the model is illustrated completely.

Catalytic synthesis of carbon nanotubes over ordered mesoporous matrices

Pyrolytic decomposition of acetylene over the surface of nickel-, cobalt- and iron-containing ordered mesoporous MCM-41 silicas has been studied. Catalytically active matrices have been prepared by chemisorption of volatile metal acetylacetonate complexes on the silica surface. Reduction of the supported metal-containing compounds was carried out in hydrogen or acetylene atmosphere. Acetylene is used not only as a source of carbon in synthesis of the nanostructures but also as a reagent capable of reducing metal ions in the surface chemical compounds. Formation of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers is shown to depend on the pyrolysis conditions.

Pyrolytic synthesis of carbon nanostructures on Ni, Co, Fe/MCM-41 catalysts

Pyrolytic decomposition of acetylene on the surface of nickel-, cobalt-, and iron-containing ordered mesoporous MCM-41 silicas has been studied. Catalytically active matrices have been prepared by chemisorption of volatile metal acetylacetonate complexes on the silica surface. Acetylene is used not only as a source of carbon in synthesis of the nanostructures but also as a reagent reducing metal ions in the surface chemical compounds. Formation of carbon nanotubes and nanowires is shown to depend on the pyrolysis conditions.

Protein Synthesis and Turn-Over in Cultured Plant Tissue: Sources of Carbon for Synthesis and the Fate of the Protein Breakdown Products

Protein Synthesis and Turn-Over in Cultured Plant Tissue: Sources of Carbon for Synthesis and the Fate of the Protein Breakdown Products