Source Of Data Collection Research Articles

The General Election Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu) Role In Preventing 2024 Election Violations

The purpose of this study is to understand the role of Bawaslu in preventing election violations in 2024. The approach in this study is qualitative using the literature study method (library reseach) focuses on reviewing various literatures. This method involves collecting data sources namely; books, journals, academic research, and other sources relevant to this research. The results of this study show that;First, Bawaslu has extraordinary authority as an election supervisory institution, including as the executor and adjudicator of cases of election violations. Second,In an effort to increase the effectiveness of supervision and prevention of election violations, Bawaslu needs to take corrective steps. This includes improving quality systems and human resources, reforming the bureaucracy, increasing cooperation with related institutions, and increasing community participation.Third, by making the necessary improvements and improvements, Bawaslu can play a more effective role in realizing elections with integrity, fairness and free from violations.

Exploring the Philosophy of the Local Wisdom of “Gusjigang” for Understanding Zakat and Tax Compliance

<em>Zakat and tax play a crucial role in fostering the development of a country. Zakat is an obligation for Muslims, while tax is an obligation for all citizens. Therefore, this research aims to explore the prevailing local wisdom in the Kudus community, in order to gain insights into how these obligations are observed and complied with. The local wisdom philosophy of the Kudus community, known as ‘Gusjigang’, originated from the esteemed heritage of Holy Sunan. It embodies the values of good behavior, studiousness, and tenacious trading (entrepreneurship). Grounded by this philosophy, this study aims to comprehend the motivations behind the adherence of local entrepreneurs to zakat and tax using a case study approach. Following this, in order to gather relevant data, qualitative open-ended interviews and document analysis were employed as the primary source of data collection. Through this process, it was found that the prioritization of zakat over tax stems from the religious regulations and laws, which take precedence over the mandates of fellow human beings. It is also important to note that from the perspective of the zakat administration, the distribution of zakat was considered more transparent and fairer as evidenced by the insights gleaned from the interviews. </em>

PENGARUH PENGUATAN PENGELOLAAN KEUANGAN DESA DAN OPTIMALISASI PERAN BUMDES TERHADAP KEMANDIRIAN DESA (Studi Pada Desa di Kecamatan Maja Kabupaten Majalengka)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of strengthening village financial management and optimizing the role of BUMDes on village independence (studies in villages in Maja district). This study uses quantitative data and the source of data collection is primary data. Saturated sample becomes a sampling method with descriptive analysis and verification analysis. The population and sample of this study are village heads, village secretaries, and village treasurers in Maja District. In order to obtain 54 processed data. The hypothesis testing method is multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 25.
 The results of this study partially and simultaneously show that Strengthening Village Financial Management and Optimizing the Role of BUMDes have an effect on Village Independence.

Data Collection Information System for Prospective Citizens and Citizens (Trainers) at PSHT Pekanbaru Branch Using the Laravel Framework

The Data Collection System for Prospective Citizens and Residents (Trainers) in the Setia Hati Brotherhood in the Pekanbaru Branch still uses a manual system. Where paper becomes a means in data collection and data information sources. The rapid development of technology in the current era of globalization that can facilitate all respects, including data collection of information that can make data collection more effective and efficient. PSHT Pekanbaru Branch corrects the problem in this data collection to make data collection faster because the system has not been computerized. The data collection in the PSHT Pekanbaru Branch requires a new system so that the system can be improved. As for the system carried out by the writer who discusses structured development systems using the waterfall method, as well as analysis and design tools using the Unified Modeling Language (UML). As for the implementation, some software is published using the framework framework , the code editor uses Atom, the PHP package uses XAMPP version 3.2.4 (PHP 7.3.9, Apache web server 2.4.7 and MySQL database version 5.0.12) and which the last web browser using Google Chrome

Generic Strategies: A driver for Firms Competitiveness in Nigerian Fast Moving Consumers Goods (FMCGs) Sector

Competitiveness has become one of the objectives of firms in today’s world especially in consumer goods sector. Every firm wants to have a reasonable share in the market to achieve specific firm goals which competitiveness is part of. To achieve this objective, consumers goods firms need to adopt appropriate strategies. Thus, the need to see how Porter generic strategies could drive competitiveness strength of Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FCMB) in Nigeria. The study employed survey research design and primary source of data collection via questionnaire as well as multiple sampling techniques (simple and stratified). Simple regression was utilized as data analytical tool and it was found that differentiation and focus strategies have significant effect on FMCGs firms competitiveness. The study concluded that generic strategies (differentiation and focus) are determinants for firms competitiveness in FMCGs sector. It was therefore recommended that FMCGs firms should continue to deploy differentiation and focus strategies to achieve their competitive objectives.

Kencorpus: A Kenyan Language Corpus of Swahili, Dholuo and Luhya for Natural Language Processing Tasks

Indigenous African languages are categorized as under-served in Natural Language Processing. They therefore experience poor digital inclusivity and information access. The processing challenge with such languages has been how to use machine learning and deep learning models without the requisite data. The Kencorpus project intends to bridge this gap by collecting and storing text and speech data that is good enough for data-driven solutions in applications such as machine translation, question answering and transcription in multilingual communities. The Kencorpus dataset is a text and speech corpus for three languages predominantly spoken in Kenya: Swahili, Dholuo and Luhya (three dialects of Lumarachi, Lulogooli and Lubukusu). Data collection was done by researchers who were deployed to the various data collection sources such as communities, schools, media, and publishers. The Kencorpus' dataset has a collection of 5,594 items, being 4,442 texts of 5.6 million words and 1,152 speech files worth 177 hours. Based on this data, other datasets were also developed such as Part of Speech tagging sets for Dholuo and the Luhya dialects of 50,000 and 93,000 words tagged respectively. We developed 7,537 Question-Answer pairs from 1,445 Swahili texts and also created a text translation set of 13,400 sentences from Dholuo and Luhya into Swahili. The datasets are useful for downstream machine learning tasks such as model training and translation. Additionally, we developed two proof of concept systems: for Kiswahili speech-to-text and a machine learning system for Question Answering task. These proofs provided results of a performance of 18.87% word error rate for the former, and 80% Exact Match (EM) for the latter system. These initial results give great promise to the usability of Kencorpus to the machine learning community. Kencorpus is one of few public domain corpora for these three low resource languages and forms a basis of learning and sharing experiences for similar works especially for low resource languages. Challenges in developing the corpus included deficiencies in the data sources, data cleaning challenges, relatively short project timelines and the Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic that restricted movement and hence the ability to get the data in a timely manner.

Understanding the Effects of Politicizing Media Operations: A Study of the Patriotic Front Regime (2011–2021)

There are various forms of Media that have a wider reach of communication, such as newspapers, radio, television, internet-based websites, and magazines. These have a major impact on politics, especially television, radio and newspapers. However, media reporting has received a reaction from political leaders and, in some cases, banned for what is deemed negative reporting against the ruling government. This paper explores the relationship between media and politics in the context of democratic tenets. The study used both secondary and primary sources of data collection. A total of 25 participants took part in this study as key informants. These were selected through purposive sampling and several official and academic documents were reviewed to address this study's aim. The collected data were analysed through a thematic, methodological approach. The findings show that the influence that the Patriotic Front (PF)'s time in government was defined by both successes and a shrinking media space for political debates and information sharing with the public. It was found by this study that television stations, such as Prime TV, with highly politicised content being aired, were bridled by the government to the point of their closure. This study has revealed that various political party structures of the Patriotic Front were used to intimidate the media. Based on the findings, it can be argued here that media houses' critical role in politics was not consolidated but rather constrained during the period under study. 

Effect of Employee Dimension of Corporate Social Responsibility on Financial Performance of Listed Consumer Goods Companies in Nigeria

Despite laudable programs by the Nigerian government and policymakers, the consumer goods sector in Nigeria continues to experience declining financial performance. The research examined the effect of the contribution of the employee dimension of corporate social responsibility on the financial performance of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. Descriptive and causal research designs were found appropriate for the study. The secondary source of data collection via panel data was used. Data collection method was corporate responsibility to employee checklist and by extraction from annual reports and accounts of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The inferential statistics of multiple regressions were employed to attain the research objective. The Python 3.8 and E views 10 were the statistical packages used in the study for data analysis. Findings showed a positive and significant effect of corporate responsibility on employees on the financial performance.

Experimental-Phonetic Analysis of the Phonetic Structure of Word in the English language

This study investigates motivation towards teaching English language using Madrasati platform. The research methodology was mixed methods research for this study. The review of the most recent studies on the topic was included. The quantitative data were collected through surveys during Spring 2022, and an instrument was administered to obtain data. In this study, 382 (236 male and 146 female) in-services English language teachers were selected at random as participants. The samples were the representation of both genders. They were also representatives of all teachers’ qualifications including diploma to PhD degrees. For the qualitative part of the study, ten participants were purposefully selected to obtain data. The source of qualitative data collection was interviews. The results of this mixed methods study displayed that the participants had positive perceptions in general of using Madrasati platform. Some motivational factors were found in this study e.g., flexibility, teaching with technology, using Madrasati. The participants found better attendance in their online courses. However, the participants indicated some challenges such as training to use technology, connectivity, and distraction.

Perceptions About Motivation Towards Teaching English Language Employing Madrasati Platform During the Pandemic

This study investigates motivation towards teaching English language using Madrasati platform. The research methodology was mixed methods research for this study. The review of the most recent studies on the topic were included. The quantitative data were collected through surveys during Spring 2022, and an instrument was administered to obtain data. In this study, 382 (236 male and 146 female) in-services English language teachers were selected at random as participants. The samples were the representation of both genders. They were also representatives of all teachers’ qualifications including diploma to PhD degrees. For the qualitative part of the study, ten participants were purposefully selected to obtain data. The source of qualitative data collection were interviews. The results of this mixed methods study displayed that the participants had positive perceptions in general of using Madrasati platform. Some motivational factors were found in this study e.g., flexibility, teaching with technology, using Madrasati. The participants found better attendance in their online courses. However, the participants indicated some challenges such as training to use technology, connectivity, and distraction.

Art Education: Two Decades of Creation, Evaluation and Application of an Interdisciplinary Method of Artistic Literacy

The Interdisciplinary Method of Musical Literacy, Education and Artistic Awareness (MILMESA) is developed and applied essentially in higher education (artistic, cultural and teacher training courses), promoting effective endogenous (interarts) and exogenous interconnection (artistic and other non-artistic areas) of an inter and pluridisciplinary matrix, as well as assuming itself as a privileged vehicle of relationship and extension to the community in the frame of the making of artistic-cultural and pedagogical-didactic events in the European, Luso-Brazilian, Luso-African and Hispanic American territories. It was created, tested and evaluated in five consecutive quadrennia (2002–2023), being regularly adapted, adapted and added to according to the observed realities, evolving into the deepening of new concepts and models of intervention in these domains (e.g., Expressive and Proximal Didactics). Using the ethnographic method and the case study, and having the source of data collection as the document analysis of written and iconographic or visual sources (n = 1386) and participant observation, this study aimed to describe and analyse the application and evolution of MILMESA in terms of education and extension to the community. It was concluded that there was a need to promote, with greater regularity and scope, greater technological interaction via digital platforms and social networks, within the framework of the participation of external specialists (e-DEP) and the very experience of MILMESA’s experiences and initiatives, giving it a more meaningful and participatory range.

A Behavioral Investigation of Preference for a Playground Sensory Maze

Universal design (UD) is an approach that acknowledges the diversity of an individual’s needs and aims to design products and indoor/outdoor environments that are useable by the majority of the population (Center for UD, 1997). UD for learning is a framework that provides teachers with guidance on how to support to children with diverse needs in the general education classroom with the goal to promote inclusion of all children. For playgrounds, UD means building playgrounds that are usable by a wide range of individuals, regardless of age, gender, size, race/ethnicity, culture, or ability. The current study explored UD in playground design and builds. Specifically, the overall impact of a sensory maze on children’s preference levels as measured by adult and child surveys, and observations. Three sources of data collection were obtained on the sensory maze’s effectiveness: adult surveys (N = 431), adult open-ended surveys (N = 366), child surveys (N = 1,182), and observations of the children playing on the playground (N = 21,763 intervals of 10 minutes). Study results demonstrate that the sensory maze is a favorite for children with sensory disabilities (i.e., sensory processing disorder, blind, visual impairment). Study findings suggest that the sensory maze may be a valuable piece of playground equipment on a community playground, be an asset to all individuals, and allow adults to participate in the play with their children. Designing playgrounds with playground equipment that is proven effective through rigorous research should be seen as central in park administration. Park administrators, who build universally designed playgrounds in their communities, will provide a play space that meets the needs of all community residents and allows them to play, engage in the outdoors, and meet other individuals which can lead to fruitful and rewarding peer relationships.

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas dan Kepemilikan Manajerial Terhadap Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) pada Perusahaan Makanan dan Minuman Periode 2019-2021

Disclosure of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is an action taken to encourage economic sustainability for businesses, government and local residents. The purpose of this study is to see how profitability, liquidity, and managerial ownership affect the CSR disclosure of food and beverage companies from 2019 to 2021. The selection method is used in data collection and secondary data sources. Sampling used purposive sampling because the research conducted was a quantitative study of 8 companies for 3 years. This study used IBM SPSS 22 software for data analysis with multiple linear regression. The results of this study indicate that profitability has no effect and is not significant on CSR disclosure, liquidity has a negative effect on CSR disclosure and managerial ownership has a positive effect on CSR disclosure.

Pengaruh Konsep Diri Terhadap Kinerja Kepala Madrasah

elf-concept is an individual's perception and assessment of himself. The purpose of this study is to understand in depth the influence of self-concept on the performance of the Principal of Madrasah Aliyah Alif Al-Ittifaq. A strong self-concept allows the Principal of Madrasah Aliyah Alif al-Ittifaq to recognize and understand self-concept from the physical self, self-concept as a process, social self-concept and self-concept related to self-image. To investigate the effect of self-concept on the performance of Madrasah principals, this study uses a qualitative approach. The research method used was a case study using in-depth interviews with the Head of Madrasah Aliyah Alif Al-Ittifaq, direct observation and document analysis as data collection techniques, source and method triangulation was used to test the authenticity of the data obtained. The results of this study reveal that self-concept is one of the factors that influence the performance of the Alif Al-Ittifaq Madrasah Aliyah Principal. A good self-concept will increase the effectiveness of the Madrasa Principal's performance. Principals who have a good self-concept tend to have better performance by knowing their own potential, strengths and weaknesses. Other factors that influence self-concept on the performance of Madrasah principals are support from staff and teachers, a positive work environment, recognition for achievements, and opportunities for professional development will provide motivation and assist in developing better leadership skills. The conclusion is that a strong and positive self-concept has a significant influence on the performance of the Madrasah Principal. For this reason, Madrasah Principals are required to develop a positive self-concept through self-development programs, leadership training, and support from all parties involved. By strengthening self-concept, Madrasah Principals can improve their performance in effectively leading and managing Madrasah Aliyah, motivating staff and teachers, and creating a conducive learning environment for students.

The Effects of Inequality on the Substitution of Essential Goods for Tobacco Smoking in South Africa

Tobacco consumption contributes to a substantial amount of household expenditures, which might lead to decreased spending on other essentials. This study examines household head tobacco expenditures in various inequality settings. In this study, we investigated the impact of gender, race, and educational inequality and the substitution effect of tobacco expenditure on essentials such as children’s education and household food. We looked at how much of the resources household heads spend on tobacco in different inequality settings that replace households’ essentials. The panel setting of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS), South Africa’s first nationally representative household panel survey, is used as a data collection source for this study. These are household surveys conducted by the Presidency’s Office of Planning, Monitoring, and Evaluation. The panel data are subject to attrition in longitudinal research. We compared the conditional expenditure shares of various types of households using econometric models such as moment quantile regression. A negative and statistically significant estimated coefficient of tobacco expenditure and the coefficient of the interacted term (inequality and tobacco expenditure) demonstrated the substitution effect. The findings reveal that low-income households whose heads smoke tobacco invest less in their children’s education, while well-educated heads of high-income households’ place as much value on their children’s education as they do on cigarette expenditure. The study also points out that the share of income spent on cigarettes by black household heads is negatively connected to their children’s education across all quantiles compared to non-blacks. We conclude that low-income households are more likely to experience the substitution impact than high-income households. This study recommends, among other things, that low-income households should prioritize needs over non-essentials in order to maximize household satisfaction, and government should implement policies that will limit tobacco consumption expenditure.

محاولات هيئة إشراف اللّغة في ترقية مهارة الكلام طالبات الفصل الأول بمعهد دار السلام كونتور للبنات الحرم الثالث للتربية الإسلامية الحديثة عام 2020-2021

Darussalam Gontor Islamic Boarding School is one of the educational institutions in Indonesia that uses Arabic in daily activity. This institute chooses speaking skills as the first skill to be learned. It cannot be denied that the ability to speak is one of the most important aspects of language activities for children and adults. The linguistic competence of the new students is the main of the research is related to the speaking ability of the first grade students. Researchers found that language advisors have a special role in improving their linguistic skills through various approaches to develop them, especially in speaking skills. Therefore, the researchers specialized in their research on language counseling staff in their efforts to improve the speaking skills of first-grade students because the language advisory staff contributed quite a lot in language activities in this lodge. Therefore, the researcher wanted to know the efforts of the language advisory staff in improving the speaking skills of first-grade students at the Darussalam Gontor Islamic Boarding School of Third Campus Female at 2020-2021. Researchers used a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive study approach, data collection sources used were observation, interviews, and written documents. The data analysis method that the researcher uses is based on the Miles and Huberman method, namely data reduction, data presentation and analysis, then deduction. From the data analysis, it can be concluded that the program made by the language advisory staff include extracurricular activities such as muhadatsah sobahiyah, mahkamatu-l-lughoh, muhawarah sobahiyyah, idofah masa'iyyah, islah lughoh, musyahadah jama'iyyah, drama contests, and Princess and Queen of Language. This activity is a must be annual activity in this boarding school. These activities use a special approach and different methods, including direct methods, auditory and oral methods, and others. The language advisory staff acts as the main person in charge of all language activities at this lodge in and enforcing the language rules in this lodge.

The State and Dilemma of Post-Colonial Nigeria: An Explanatory Perspective of Security Governance Failure

The post-colonial Nigerian state has experienced series of internal political altercations due to the consistent and persistent behavioural patterns of the political elites, whose inordinate political ambitions have often revolved around appropriating state apparatuses as well as primordial forces for their personal aggrandisement, against the majoritarian vital primary interest of the downtrodden. To this effect, governance has suffered over the years in the hands of the recycled dominant political class that has produced and manipulated institutions of government, thereby deepening copiously and rapaciously spatial social and economic inequalities between the elite and masses. In view of this circumstance, the study is aimed at x-raying the explanatory contradictions responsible for security governance failure in Nigeria after decades of political independence. The study adopted qualitative-descriptive method and relied on secondary sources of data collection. The ‘‘theory of post-colonial state’’ is employed as the main underpinning analytical construct that scientifically studies the society as a whole, and takes into consideration the convergence of ‘unity of the opposites’.

Insufficient reporting of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy instrumental and peak fitting parameters (metadata) in the scientific literature

This study was motivated by earlier observations. It is a systematic examination of the adequacy of reporting of information (metadata) necessary to understand x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) data collection and data analysis in the scientific literature. The information for this study was obtained from papers published in three high-quality journals over a six-month period in 2019 and throughout 2021. Each paper was evaluated to determine whether the authors had reported (percentages of the papers properly providing the information are given in parentheses) the spectrometer (66%), fitting software (15%), x-ray source (40%), pass energy (10%), spot size (5%), synthetic peak shapes in fits (10%), backgrounds in fits (10%), whether the XPS data are shown in the main body of the paper or in the supporting information (or both), and whether fitted or unfitted spectra were shown (80% of published spectra are fit). The Shirley background is the most widely used background in XPS peak fitting. The Al Kα source is the most widely used x-ray source for XPS data collection. casaxps is the most widely used fitting program for XPS data analysis. There is good agreement between the results gathered during the two years of our survey. There are some hints the situation may be improving. This study also provides a list of the information/parameters that should be reported when XPS is performed.

Quality and Impact of Manuscripts Using The Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Databases

BackgroundThe Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) National Databases contain the largest and most comprehensive cardiac, thoracic, and congenital surgery data available. In this analysis characteristics of manuscripts that used the STS National Databases were examined to evaluate the quality and impact of these publications. MethodsManuscripts published from 2010 to 2020 that used the STS National Databases (Adult Cardiac, General Thoracic, and Congenital Heart Surgery) were examined. The number of times cited per published manuscript, journal of publication, and journal CiteScore were assessed. Author characteristics, including institutional association and h-index, were evaluated for first and last authors. ResultsOf 539 published manuscripts, 179 (33.2%) used the Adult Cardiac Surgery, 128 (23.7%) the Congenital Heart Surgery, 85 (15.8%) the General Thoracic Surgery, and 136 (25.2%) used unspecified STS National Databases. Collectively the analyzed manuscripts were cited 18,943 times, with a mean of 35.1 (range, 0-528) citations per manuscript. Manuscripts were published in 97 journals with a mean year-adjusted CiteScore of 5.6 (range, 0.1-60.2). Authors associated with 361 institutions contributed to published manuscripts. The mean h-index of first authors was 24.6 (range, 0-100) and of last authors was 44.1 (range, 0-164). From 2010 to 2020 first authors wrote a mean of 1.6 (range, 1-31) and last authors wrote a mean of 1.9 (range, 1-29) STS National Databases publications. ConclusionsThe STS National Databases are some of the most robust data collection sources available to cardiothoracic surgeons. These data have enabled valuable research in respected journals from authors of varying experience levels.

Pendampingan Peningkatan Spiritual Masyarakat Desa Payung Melalui Kegiatan Tradisi Barzanji

Marhabanan as a tradition of Muslims and has existed since the time of the Prophet Muhammad. The meaning of the word marhabanan comes from Arabic, namely welcome and has the same meaning as ahlan wasahlan which means welcome, marhabanan is an art as a welcome for something new as was done by the Ansor people (residents of the city of Medina) in welcoming the Prophet and his people. The emigrants arrived in the city of Medina on the occasion of the Prophet Muhammad and his companions moving from the city of Mecca to the city of Medina. In marhabanan, activities about reading the books of al-Barzanji and addiba'i which contain praises to the Prophet Muhammad SAW and the history of birth were sent to be prophets and apostles and until he died. With the hope of getting intercession or help from the Prophet Muhammad later in Yaumul Qiyamah later. Therefore, the Fatayat mothers held marhabanan activities in the hope of getting intercession from him and strengthening the relationship between mothers in Payung village and also increasing piety to Allah SWT. In collecting data sources using qualitative methods, namely by observation, and documentation. Based on the results obtained that there is an increase in the spirituality of the people of Payung Village, especially the Fatayat women of Payung Village.