Source Of Imitation Research Articles

A Discussion on the Ethical Worldview Established in Yang Xiong’s Fu Poetry

Abstract Yang Xiong lived through the collapse of the Former Han and emergence of the Later Han dynasty. His fu poetry creations and their critiques reflect significant shifts in thinking and new ideas, a very prominent one of which is the establishment of a particular ethical perspective. Yang Xiong’s callbacks to the virtues of the Zhou dynasty exhibited in his fu poetry were used to establish his concept of “virtues of the Han”. This is reflected most conspicuously in his “Sweet Springs Palace” and his “Tall Poplars Lodge”. These demonstrate the formation of his standard for literary criticism called lize 麗則 – poetry consistent with Confucian morals – which highlights and elevates fu poetry by true fu poets rather than rhetoricians. The system of ethical thought established by Yang Xiong appears to have been based on his ideas on the Confucian Classics and discussions of fu poetry. This system became a source of imitation and guidance amongst the other great “fu masters” such as Ban Gu and Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han. Yang Xiong’s views went on to become a major focus of fu poetry studies and the fu style as a post-Wei and Jin legacy. Yang Xiong’s original work in establishing his fu poetry’s ethical system still has insights to yield to us.

Relativity of the Child Born through Artificial Insemination from the viewpoint of Jurisprudence and Islamic Law

<p>Artificial insemination is one of the wonderful phenomena of the modern world. Considering that this discussion has not been specifically discussed in the jurisprudential subjects of the early jurists, it can be the source of various jurisprudential and legal issues. In the beginning, some of the jurists believed in the absolute prohibition of all forms of artificial insemination and some great authorities as sources of imitation considered wife and husband’s artificial insemination unlawful. However, with the recognition of this issue by some other sources of imitation and legality of the relativity of the child born by artificial insemination is subject to numerous theoretical disputes that raised new perspectives and led to reconsideration of the religious statements. Therefore, the present paper seeks to investigate, study further jurisprudential and legal sources to clarify the legal provisions related to such persons and while respecting their rights, it would prevent the presence of unidentified and derelict children in the community. Because by careful consideration of children born by artificial insemination and the legitimacy of these children in all forms of inoculation, it is possible to take a major step towards eliminating discrimination and preventing further problems in the Islamic society.</p>

Cognitive Mimetics for Designing Intelligent Technologies

Design mimetics is an important method of creation in technology design. Here, we review design mimetics as a plausible approach to address the problem of how to design generally intelligent technology. We argue that design mimetics can be conceptually divided into three levels based on the source of imitation. Biomimetics focuses on the structural similarities between systems in nature and technical solutions for solving design problems. In robotics, the sensory-motor systems of humans and animals are a source of design solutions. At the highest level, we introduce the concept of cognitive mimetics, in which the source for imitation is human information processing. We review and discuss some historical examples of cognitive mimetics, its potential uses, methods, levels, and current applications, and how to test its success. We conclude by a practical example showing how cognitive mimetics can be a highly valuable complimentary approach for pattern matching and machine learning based design of artificial intelligence (AI) for solving specific human-AI interaction design problems.

Mathias Casimirus Sarbievijus’ Lechias: search for the sources and epical tradition

Three sources of imitation can be distinctly traced in Sarbievijus’ poem Lechias. One of the sources can be ascribed to the tradition of the epic poetry, especially, to the author’s adherence to Vergil’s Aeneid. The second source of imitation can be noted in the influence produced by the poetry of the Renaissance, when the loci communes, qualifying the antique poetry, used to be replenished by the attributes typifying the new times. The third and final influence was produced by the poetics and aesthetics of the Baroque, when the forms of verbal expression, filled with unexpected transformations, paradoxes and antitheses, held sway.Though Sarbievijus entered the history of literature first of all as a creator of the lyric poetry in Latin, his Lechias, though, testifies to the fact that he had also mastered the rules of the epic art, and that he had cherished the ambitions to create a heroic epic poem based on the history of Poland.The extant fragment of Sarbievijus’ poem Lechias sheds light on the development of the tradition of the antique epic poetry in Europe as well as on the influences and changes that tradition had undergone. Those influences and changes, on the other hand, had affected the movement of the poetic expression of the genres of the literature of the Baroque in Europe as well.

Consuming Palestine: Palestine and Palestinians in Israeli food culture

This article sets out to study the role that Palestine and the Arab-Palestinians have had on Israeli national identity through the examination of Israeli food culture. Food culture played an important part not only in the emancipation of European Zionist-Jews who immigrated to Palestine before 1948 but also in the creation of the Israeli national identity, including its collective memory, national psyche and desired political aspirations. However, it is impossible to understand Israeli food culture, and Israeli identity and popular culture, without taking into account the environment in which and the people among whom it developed. In that respect, and as argued hereafter, for political and ideological reasons the Palestinian direct contribution to Israeli food culture, and by extension national identity, has been expunged or overlooked. Early Zionist encounter with the Arab-Palestinian people and their culture contained a mixture of romanticisation, admiration and imitation. However, with the Zionist aim of substituting the Arab-Palestinian people by creating a separate political and economic society, the process of encounter changed to replacement, appropriation and deliberate forgetting and rewriting of the past. In relation to Israeli food culture, the Arab-Palestinian food element was marginalised, blurred and reinterpreted as belonging to the Zionist settlers, or as being brought to Israel by the Mizrahi-Jews. In other words, Israeli food culture ‘needed’ the Arab-Palestinian culture as a source of imitation and localisation, but at the same time desired its de-Palestinianisation, together with the general idea of a separate Jewish state.

A Social Learning Theory Analysis of Computer Crime among College Students

Computer crime is a fairly new area of research in criminology and deviance. With the exception of Hollinger, few studies have examined the occurrence of illegal computer acts and virtually none have tried to offer a theoretical explanation for the behavior. In this article, the authors provide data on the lifetime, past year, and past month prevalence of five illegal computer activities from a multistage sample (N = 581) of students at a southern university. The authors also examine the etiology of computer crime by testing the ability of social learning theory to explain these behaviors. Using multiple regression procedures, they demonstrate that measures of differential association, differential reinforcement and punishment, definitions, and sources of imitation are significantly related to computer crime. Findings from this study are compared with Hollinger's data and discussed in terms of why social learning theory is an appropriate and useful theoretical perspective for understanding why college students commit illegal computer acts.

Sources of imitation: improving bank process capabilities

This paper argues that imitators are more likely than innovators to use a wider variety of channels for improving their process capabilities, and that the sources of imitation are more ‘informal,’ or non-market-mediated, than formal. Yet, the search for know-how is a variegated process even within the same industry. These variations stem from factors other than industry-specific technical requirements. Regulatory intervention has important implications for firm history, skill bases, size, and competitive focus. Taken together, these background elements guide firms from the same industry towards somewhat different sources of know-how. The case under study is banking, a service industry rarely considered in the literature on technical change.

Song Sharing in a Group-Living Songbird, the Australian Magpie. Part Ii. Vocal Sharing Between Territorial Neighbors, Within and Between Geographic Regions, and Between Sexes

In this study we investigate the role of song in the social behavior of a cooperatively living songbird, the Australian magpie, Gymnorhina ticbicen (Cracticidae). In this species, kin and nonkin cooperative territorial groups exist in the same population. We sampled the vocal repertoire of 23 magpies in six territorial groups and the nonterritorial flock. Groups were located on two farms 2-3 km apart. This paper is the second of a two part paper. In Part I, we described song, and song and syllable repertoires; and we compared song sharing within and among kin and nonkin groups. Our results in Part II include: 1. Local geographic patterns in repertoire sharing. We found the average percentage of the repertoire shared between all pairwise combinations of birds to be lowest for birds in different localities, intermediate for birds in the same locality who are not neighbors, and highest for birds who are group mates or neighbors (p 0.79, Mann-Whitney rank sum test) than by birds of the opposite sex, when all birds of known sex were considered. However, when we considered sharing by group mates or neighbors only, birds did share a significantly (p<0.008) larger percentage of their repertoire with birds of the same sex than with birds of the opposite sex. 3. Sources of vocal imitation. To determine the sources of imitation, we calculated the proportion of a focal bird's repertoire that is shared with different social classes of birds. Birds share more syllables exclusively with group mates than with neighbors, and they share more complex syllables with group mates than with other birds (p<0.001, G test of association). From these data, we discuss the role of vocal imitation in song learning, the timing and social setting of vocal learning, and the territorial functions of song. We conclude that vocal sharing through imitation may function in social affiliation within the group and in territorial defense between groups.