Sources Of Cultural Heritage Research Articles

Minimally Invasive Vacuum-Aided Extraction Technique for the Lipid Analysis of Historic Parchment.

Parchment is an ancient writing support formed from dehaired animal skins. Its manufacture comprises a series of liming and scraping steps before being stretched and dried under tension. Historical parchment represents a valuable source of cultural heritage which, until now, has limited investigations to noninvasive analyses to infer ink composition, degradation, or physical changes over time. We highlight the prospect of the molecular and isotope compositions of animal lipids from parchment as an untapped record of its production and the animal's diet and environment. We report a minimally invasive, total lipid extraction aided by a vacuum for historical parchments. The quantitative and qualitative compositions of lipid extracts obtained using this method are compared with those obtained using invasive sampling for nine sacrificial membranes dated 1765-1825 CE. This extraction method is then applied to membranes from the Chancery Parliament Rolls (1814-1820 CE) held by The National Archives, UK to obtain lipids and derive taxonomic and dietary information using their stable carbon isotope compositions. This novel vacuum-aided extraction allows, for the first time, animal lipids to be obtained from parchment minimally invasively, paving the way for dietary and paleoclimate studies using this well-dated and common material.

Jile Buddhist Temple in Harbin, Its History and Contemporary Religious Practices

This article focuses on the activities and religious practices of the Jile Temple (Temple of Bliss) in Harbin; one of the largest and most respected in northeast China. Harbin, founded in 1898 by Russian railway engineers in connection with the construction of the Chinese Eastern Railway, brings together different ethnic and religious cultures. This study provides a brief historical overview of the activities of the temple, which played a major role in the development of Buddhism in the context of multicultural ideological and political trends in the first decades of the 20th century. The most important temple practices and celebrations are analyzed alongside the review of cultural heritage sources. Special attention is paid to the analysis of traditional rituals that take place as part of the celebration of Buddha's birthday in the fourth month of the lunar calendar. Based on the analysis of written sources and the use of ethnographic materials, including conversations with monks and laymen of the Jile Temple, the main stages and features of the ritual of washing the Buddha statue are highlighted, where manipulation of incense plays an important role. Closely linked to the history and evolution of Buddhism, religious events and rituals continue to have a profound influence on the traditions and culture of modern society.

IMPORTANCE OF MANUSCRIPTS IN PRESENT ERA

Communications is essential for human existence which can be conducted by oral and written traditions. Ayurveda is an ancient science which has both oral and written traditions for dissemination of knowledge. Manuscriptology is the scientific and structural study of handwritten documents credited with fair antiquity. Treasures of the wisdom has passed from generation to generation by oral tradition and then written on different plant leaves and other materials. Paper usage became popular by the end of 13th century AD, till then various other materials were used for transferring knowledge. They are sources of cultural heritage and history. Their proper preservation is mandatory. Rich collections of manuscript are found in temples, religious institutions, libraries, monasteries, wealthy households, Brahmin families and palaces. Surveys require large labor, manpower and time. In the past years, many manuscripts were identified by surveys and preserved for further used. Nowadays apart from publication of manuscripts, these are being digitized also.

Residents’ perceptions towards sustainability of cultural resources: the case of great inn

ABSTRACT Destinations that have become trademarks have significantly accelerated the promotion of the country and the economy, thereby enhancing further the importance of cultural tourism. Far too little attention has been paid to the domestic products of handicraft, which is a source of cultural heritage. The purpose of this study is twofold. It aims to reveal the contribution of domestic products of handicraft to the promotion of a destination. It also attempts to evaluate the local residents’ perception of the culture tourism as an alternative tourism product for sustainable tourism development. A qualitative research method is used in this study. The study results reveal that while domestic products of handicraft are a part of cultural heritage, they are not sufficiently appreciated by policy-makers and planners. It is found that the political and economic instability affect destination development in a negative way and that the difficulties faced in efforts to sustain the cultural heritage resources are the most important factors that stand against sustainable development. The results also indicated that the local community has a positive attitude towards the sustainability of the cultural tourism and that there is a lack of cooperation among the stakeholders in realizing this development.

Socio-Economic Conditions of Small-Scale Hilsa Fishers in the Meghna River Estuary of Chandpur, Bangladesh

Hilsa fish (Tenualosa ilisha) have become an essential factor behind the well-being of the fishing community, giving fishers their identity as a source of cultural heritage. A field survey was conducted to understand the socio-economic conditions of hilsa fishers at the Meghna river estuary of Chandpur District using well-structured questionnaire interviews (N = 250) with hilsa fishers. The survey revealed that fishers’ livelihoods and living conditions were still below average due to low literacy levels, lack of professional skills, and low incomes. More than two-thirds of the fishers were entirely dependent on hilsa fishing, while more than one-third had between 11 and 20 years of fishing experience. More than two-thirds of the fishers did not have an alternative occupation during ban periods, and the incentives provided by the government were not adequately received by half of the fishers. Fishers were divided into three groups according to their dependence on hilsa fishing. Significant differences were found between these groups in terms of the age of fishers, annual income from fishing, and annual fishing activity days. Therefore, the government, Fisheries cooperatives, NGOs, and other relevant organizations must unite to support fishers for sustainable hilsa fishery management.

“BABAR LONTAR” STRATEGI GELIAT BUDAYA PELESTARIAN LONTAR DI BALI PADA MASA PENDEMI COVID-19

The importance of knowing, studying, and disseminating the existence of lontar as a strategy to preserve ancestral heritage so that it can be a reference source for information related to previous human civilizations from various aspects of life, such as cultural, social, agricultural, medical, and so on, is very important. Efforts have been made to physically maintain the presence of lontar so that it is not easily damaged and can still be read as a source of cultural heritage. In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, all activities are starting to be limited, but active to disseminate the existence of lontar manuscripts is no longer a taboo thing but as something that must be known so that the perception of "tenget" can be changed to draw noble values from a lontar script. This activity can be carried out by exposing through vigorous “babar lontar” this activity is carried out through virtual activities so that conservation efforts are still ongoing in the midst of a pandemic.

Towards sustainable cultural landscape: A challenge in developing ecomuseum in Minahasa Region

Recently, numbers of ecomuseums are developed around the world, particularly in Europe and Asia. Notably in Indonesia, ecomuseums are provided in various forms, covering large areas to small areas, and isolated sites in order to reach sustainable cultural landscape. This by means protecting the natural resources and cultural heritage. Minahasa region has considerable potential to develop ecomuseum model, encouraging community’s local sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is analyzing the potential aspects of ecomuseums in selected rural villages in Minahasa, include; Leilem, Pulutan, Watumea and Kayu Uwi, as case studies. Current development at these villages are evaluated by comparing the local community involvement with the basic principles of ecomuseum concepts, by exploring local community involvement. A qualitative methods was carried out, such in-depth survey between April and September 2017. Field observations include several activities; documentation, also interviewing local participants for their persepective on the ecomuseum developments. In order to reach sustainable landscape development in the region, Ecomuseum is also pivotal and practical model as functional tools for protecting the cultural heritage and developing of local areas. This research proves that Minahasa has got many cultural heritage sources, which are using productively for local sustainable development. The villages are samples of natural and cultural heritage areas of Minahasa for a sustainable cultural landscape development in the region.

Un modello ontologico per l'integrazione delle informazioni del patrimonio culturale: CIDOC-CRM

The article aims at presenting the formal ontology CIDOC-Conceptual Reference Model, used for allowing information and documentation exchange and integration into the diverse sources of cultural heritage, and which is the leading ontology in the field since years. The ontology logical foundations are examined, entering into the details of the Description Logics, and also the theoretical configuration underlying the schema modelling. The relation (properties) structure - which is the ontology core - is presented along with the mechanisms proposed for the integration of cultural heritage information. In the end, this essays offers a brief and non-exhaustive overview of the information systems actually adopting the CIDOC-CRM ontology, from CLAROS to CulturaItalia.

English

To investigate the developing tourism routes for linking cultural heritage sources on traditional festival by local, centering and celebrating of communities and traditions in the Northeast traditional festivals’ region in Maekong River Basin were purposed. Associations with celebration and may also provide entertainment, particularly to local communities of cultural heritage sources were linked of tourism routes. These celebrations offered belonging to religious, social, and geographical groups, cultural also seek to inform members of their traditions among families and self-social communities. Collection data approach to surveys, interviews, observations, and focus group discussions with a sample of 85 people who consisted of the key, casual, and general informant groups in Nakhon Phanom, Mukdahan, Amnat Charoen, and Yasothon Provinces to management and promotion with faithful and believable were administered. The original festival are to believable and sanctity of ancient people, practicing inheritance and inherit were admired. The Buddhist temple and religious ceremonies were participated, such as the Illuminated Boat Procession, Nakhonphanom; the Boat Processional Racing, Mukdahan; Bunkhunlan inheritance, Yasothon. As for the development of the tourism routes for linking cultural heritage sources, according to the types of the trips and the requirements of the target tourist groups for 1-5 day trip, amazingly. Key words: Traditional festivals, development of tourism routes, linking cultural heritage sources, the catchment watershed, Mekong river basin.

Ecomuseum, community museology, local distinctiveness, Hüsamettindere village, Bogatepe village, Turkey

Purpose – The concept of sustainable development is now widely accepted as a means of protecting natural resources and cultural heritage. One approach to ensuring sustainability, especially in relation to cultural tourism, is the ecomuseum. Turkey has considerable potential to develop ecomuseological models to encourage local sustainable development. The purpose of this paper is to explore the development of ecomuseums in Turkey by analysing the recent implementation of the concept in Hüsamettindere and Bogatepe villages. Current practices at these two sites are evaluated in comparison with the basic principles of ecomuseum theory. Design/methodology/approach – This paper explores local community involvement in two emerging ecomuseums in Turkey based on several years of participant action research by the author; it describes the nature of the two ecomuseums based on that experience. In addition an in-depth survey was carried out between February and April 2013 by Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University when 45 local participants were interviewed for their views on the ecomuseum developments, using the MACDAB method (Borrelli et al., 2008) as a guide. Findings – Even though the two implementations in Turkey have different features deriving from their local dynamics, they have had a similar experience in terms of the development process. Both began with a volunteer movement, the organisation of the local community, the formation of civil initiatives, a joint decision-making processes and the existence of participation and consensus. This process conforms to the basic principles of ecomuseology. The ecomuseums have also raised concerns about the loss of rural heritage and the mechanisms for conserving it within the model of the “living” ecomuseum. The most significant fact to emerge from this initial review of the two ecomuseums is that it is not necessarily their ability to conserve fragments of tangible and intangible heritage that is paramount in Turkey, but their importance in providing employment opportunities in rural areas. Originality/value – Ecomuseum movement is a very important and practical model for sustainable development and tourism. Ecomuseums can also be functional tools for protecting of cultural heritage and developing of local areas. Even though Turkey has got many cultural heritage sources, they are not used productively for local sustainable development. The two implementations will be sample to all natural and cultural heritage areas of Turkey for sustainable development.

Multimedia music sharing among mediateques: Archives and distribution to their attendees

Archives of mediateques, theaters, music schools, conservatories, universities, etc., are the most important sources of cultural heritage. Such institutions are interested in digitizing content to (i) improve the service towards their attendees thus increasing the number of collections provided; (ii) add new multimedia and innovative functionalities to the service already provided within the content available; and (iii) save fragile materials otherwise settled to time deterioration, such as tapes, disks, documents, etc. Publishers are interested in digitizing only content which guarantees a certain return of investment and at the same time they are inclined to limit the distribution of the content located in archives, so as to control its exploitation and to preserve the content ownership. WEDELMUSIC has been defined to allow content providers to share and distribute "interactive music" with respect paid to the owner's rights. This permits the creation of a network for content-sharing mediateques that can form while respecting the owner's rights. The WEDELMUSIC solution permits the creation of a virtuoso mechanism which increases the amount of content owned by each mediateque and adds several new multimedia functionalities that can be enforced into the WEDELMUSIC objects, with a limited effort, by using and integrating the content of any format and media. The proposed solutions, models, and tools were defined and developed, including adequate protection and monitoring solutions. The solution was validated by a real music mediateque in Milan that has completely adopted the solution.