Audible Sounds Research Articles

Survey on acoustic preferences in Korean music practice spaces

.In 2021, the acoustic quality criteria for music practice rooms was standardized as ISO 23591. This standard will be very useful in constructing and utilizing music education facilities to train excellent music players. "Gugak," Korea's traditional music, is taught and related performers are trained at major national educational institutions. Recently, a variety of Korean music content has been introduced internationally. The Korean traditional music practice room is used similarly to a general music practice room. However, the acoustic characteristics of traditional houses where Korean traditional music is played do not have a long reverberation time and are flat across frequency bands, so we investigated what acoustic characteristics actual Korean traditional music players prefer as a practice space. The room acoustic characteristics of Korean music practice spaces at Seoul National University were measured, and a preference survey was conducted on professional performers who actually use the practice spaces. In the future, we plan to investigate preferences for Korean traditional music practice spaces using real-time sound audibility technology.

Do Audible Sounds during a Lumbar Spine Thrust Manipulation Have an Impact on Brainwave Activity?

To manage pain and stiffness of the lumbar spine, thrust manipulation is commonly used. High-velocity, small-amplitude thrust manipulation often elicits audible sounds. What causes this audible sound remains unclear, and its clinical significance has not been shown. This study aimed to identify how audible sound affects brainwave activity following a side-lying right rotatory thrust manipulation in a group of healthy individuals. This was a quasi-experimental repeated measures study design in which 44 subjects completed the study protocol. A portable Bluetooth EEG device was used to capture brainwave activity. The environment was controlled during testing to minimize any factors influencing the acquisition of real-time EEG data. After a short accommodation period, initial brainwaves were measured. Following this, each subject underwent a lumbar 4-5 side-lying right rotatory thrust manipulation, immediately followed by a second brainwave measurement. A third measurement took place one minute later, followed by a fourth one at the three-minute mark. 21 subjects did not experience audible sounds, while 23 subjects experienced audible sounds. Both groups had significant changes measured by the 14 electrodes (p < 0.05). The audible group had more significant changes, which lasted only two minutes. The lack of brainwave response differences between the audible and non-audible groups implies no direct, measurable placebo or beneficial effect from the audible sound. This study could not identify a benefit from the audible sound during an HVLA manipulation of the subjects.

Visar: Projecting Virtual Sound Spots for Acoustic Augmented Reality Using Air Nonlinearity

Augmented reality that integrates virtual content in real-world surroundings has attracted lots of concentration as the growing trend of the metaverse. Acoustic augmented reality (AAR) applications have proliferated due to readily available earphones and speakers. AAR can provide omnidirectional engagement through the all-around sense of spatial information. Most existing AAR approaches offer immersive experiences by playing binaural spatial audios according to head-related transfer functions (HRTF). These involve complex modeling and require the user to wear a headphone. Air nonlinearity that can reproduce audible sounds from ultrasound offers opportunities to achieve device-free and omnidirectional sound source projection in AAR. This paper proposes Visar, a device-free virtual sound spots projection system leveraging air nonlinearity. Visar achieves simultaneous tracking and sound spot generation while suppressing unintended audio leakages caused by grating lobes and nonlinear effects in mixing lobes through optimization. Considering multi-user scenarios, Visar also proposed a multi-spot scheduling scheme to mitigate the mutual interference between the spots. Extensive experiments show the tracking error is 7.83cm and the orientation estimation error is 10.06°, respectively, envisioning the considerable potential of Visar in AAR applications.

The cochlear hook region detects harmonics beyond the canonical hearing range.

Ultrasound, or sound at frequencies exceeding the conventional range of human hearing, is not only audible to mice, microbats, and dolphins, but also creates an auditory sensation when delivered through bone conduction in humans. Although ultrasound is utilized for brain activation and in hearing aids, the physiological mechanism of ultrasonic hearing remains unknown. In guinea pigs, we found that ultrasound above the hearing range delivered through ossicles of the middle ear evokes an auditory brainstem response and a mechano-electrical transduction current through hair cells, as shown by the local field potential called the cochlear microphonic potential (CM). The CM synchronizes with ultrasound, and like the response to audible sounds is actively and nonlinearly amplified. In vivo optical nano-vibration analysis revealed that the sensory epithelium in the hook region, the basal extreme of the cochlear turns, resonates in response both to ultrasound within the hearing range and to harmonics beyond the hearing range. The results indicate that hair cells can respond to stimulation at the optimal frequency and its harmonics, and the hook region detects ultrasound stimuli with frequencies more than two octaves higher than the upper limit of the ordinary hearing range.

Breaking the silence: empowering the mute-deaf community through automatic sign language decoding.

The objective of this study is to develop a system for automatic sign language recognition to improve the quality of life for the mute-deaf community in Egypt. The system aims to bridge the communication gap by identifying and converting right-hand gestures into audible sounds or displayed text. To achieve the objectives, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model is employed. The model is trained to recognize right-hand gestures captured by an affordable web camera. A dataset was created with the help of six volunteers for training, testing, and validation purposes. The proposed system achieved an impressive average accuracy of 99.65 % in recognizing right-hand gestures, with high precision value of 95.11 %. The system effectively addressed the issue of gesture similarity between certain alphabets by successfully distinguishing between their respective gestures. The proposed system offers a promising solution for automatic sign language recognition, benefiting the mute-deaf community in Egypt. By accurately identifying and converting right-hand gestures, the system facilitates communication and interaction with the wider world. This technology has the potential to greatly enhance the quality oflife for individuals who are unable to speak or hear, promoting inclusivity and accessibility.

Aberrant Cardiac Interoception in Psychosis.

There is mounting evidence that cardiac interoception, the perception of one's heartbeat, is central to affective experiences. It has been proposed that symptoms of psychosis could arise from interoceptive dysfunction. Here we hypothesized that people with psychotic disorders would have a specific impairment in cardiac interoception, over and above broader perceptual deficits. 43 adults with a history of psychosis (31 schizophrenia, 12 schizoaffective disorder) and 41 matched control participants completed a heart rate discrimination task. Participants responded to whether they perceived a sequence of auditory tones to be faster or slower than their heart rate. By trialing a range of auditory tone rates, we estimated a threshold for each participant, the difference between perceived heart rate and actual heart rate. To test whether differences were specific to interoception, participants completed an exteroceptive control condition, testing their discrimination of the rate of 2 sets of audible sounds instead of heart rate. Participants with a history of psychosis had greater absolute differences between perceived and actual heart rate, indicating over- or under-estimation of heart rate compared to healthy controls. This difference was specific to the interoceptive condition, and not explained by group differences in exteroceptive perception. Psychotic disorders are associated with misestimation of heart rate. Further research may elucidate whether interoceptive abnormalities contribute to specific symptoms such as somatic delusions or affective features, and whether interoception could be a treatment target in psychotic disorders.

Acoustic Stridulating Responses of Various Tarantula Species in Peninsular Malaysia

Stridulation by stridulatory organs has been linked to tarantulas’ (Araneae: Theraphosidae) defence or sexual communication, and the morphology of such organ has been extensively used in tarantula systematics. This study was conducted to characterise and compare differences in the acoustic pattern of stridulating sound among seven tarantula species for juveniles and adults of both sexes in Peninsular Malaysia. The species were Psednocnemis jeremyhuffi, P. brachyramosa, Selenocosmia sp. ‘Johor’, Omothymus violaceopes, Cyriopagopus robustus, Chilobrachys sp. ‘Kedah’, and Coremiocnemis sp. ‘Kelantan’. Five provocation methods were used to record the sound which was by tapping the substrate/enclosure, blowing air, waving a pen, poking with blunt object and shaking the enclosure. The stridulating behaviour was assessed using a set of parameters. The result showed that the stridulating behaviour differed between species. Dwarf species like P. jeremyhuffi and P. brachyramosa did not make any audible stridulating sound and preferred to remain motionless. Meanwhile, for the other five species only the large adult females stridulated. Adult males of all species did not make any audible sounds, but rather appeared to be more aggressive and frequently bite. Kruskal-Wallis test showed that intensity, pitch frequency, call duration and pulse duration were significantly different between species. Principal component analaysis (PCA) showed the dissimilarity between the adult females from the five species with Omothymus violaceopes and Chilobrachys sp. ‘Kedah’ the most distinct in terms of call patterns. This study provides evidence on the acoustics pattern of stridulating sound for the tarantulas in Peninsular Malaysia.

Acoustic signal monitoring using audible cracking sounds for efficient in-situ crack detection in laser directed energy deposition of hard surfaces

Laser directed energy deposition (LDED) is a promising way for creating hard surfaces like ceramic-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMC), but it faces a significant challenge in identifying crack formation during the process. As an emerging solution, acoustic signal monitoring is easy to be integrated within the process, and significantly reduces the time needed to detect micro-cracks in as-built MMC surfaces. This study reports on cracking sounds produced while employing LDED with SiC particles on a stainless steel 316 L substrate, examining the sound characteristics across time and frequency domains. Different sound sources in LDED are analyzed in the frequency domain, specifying the suitable frequency range for crack monitoring. Interestingly, the in-process micro-cracking on the hard surfaces produces a distinct audible ‘ping’ sound typically ranging between 12000 and 16000 Hz. By recording this sound, an efficient approach is proposed to identify crack generation during the rapid cooling in the LDED process of hard materials.

Listen to your key: Towards acoustics-based physical key inference

Physical locks are one of the most prevalent mechanisms for securing objects such as doors. While many of these locks are vulnerable to lock-picking, they are still widely used as lock-picking requires specific training with tailored instruments and easily raises suspicion. To overcome the limitations of lockpicking, we propose a novel attack vector that leverages the audio recording of the key insertion in order to infer the shape of victim’s key, namely, bittings (or cut depths) which form the secret of a key. In particular, we show that computing the timing interval between audible click sounds that occur during key insertion enables inferring the bitting information, i.e., shape of the physical key. Such an audio-based attack has several advantages—unlike lock-picking, it minimizes the attacker’s physical access to the lock, thus reducing the risks of them being apprehended. Second, as the attack only requires a microphone to launch the attack (e.g., a smartphone microphone), it significantly lowers the bar for the required expertise of the attacker. Despite the advantages, there are several challenges in extracting the required key-related signal from the audio. In this talk, we will discuss how we overcome the challenges and present initial results depicting the feasibility of audio-based key inference. This talk is based on two conference papers submitted to ACM HotMobile 2020 and USENIX Security 2021 on the same topic.

Central Autonomic Mechanisms Involved in the Control of Laryngeal Activity and Vocalization.

In humans, speech is a complex process that requires the coordinated involvement of various components of the phonatory system, which are monitored by the central nervous system. The larynx in particular plays a crucial role, as it enables the vocal folds to meet and converts the exhaled air from our lungs into audible sounds. Voice production requires precise and sustained exhalation, which generates an air pressure/flow that creates the pressure in the glottis required for voice production. Voluntary vocal production begins in the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC), a structure found in all mammals, although the specific location in the cortex varies in humans. The LMC interfaces with various structures of the central autonomic network associated with cardiorespiratory regulation to allow the perfect coordination between breathing and vocalization. The main subcortical structure involved in this relationship is the mesencephalic periaqueductal grey matter (PAG). The PAG is the perfect link to the autonomic pontomedullary structures such as the parabrachial complex (PBc), the Kölliker-Fuse nucleus (KF), the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), and the nucleus retroambiguus (nRA), which modulate cardiovascular autonomic function activity in the vasomotor centers and respiratory activity at the level of the generators of the laryngeal-respiratory motor patterns that are essential for vocalization. These cores of autonomic structures are not only involved in the generation and modulation of cardiorespiratory responses to various stressors but also help to shape the cardiorespiratory motor patterns that are important for vocal production. Clinical studies show increased activity in the central circuits responsible for vocalization in certain speech disorders, such as spasmodic dysphonia because of laryngeal dystonia.

Comparison of Early and Delayed Feeding after Elective Gut Anastomosis

Objective: To compare the effects of early and delayed feeding after elective gut anastomosis in relation to a mean number of days of audible bowel sounds.Study Design: A cross-sectional study.Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Department of Surgery, Combined Military th th Hospital (CMH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from 11th May 2019 to 10th November 2019.Methods: A total of 60 individuals undergoing gut anastomosis were divided into two groups. In group A, the NG tube was removed within 6 to 24 hours of surgery, and clear oral liquids (30ml/hour) were started. Oral fluids, including juices and soups on the other day after surgery, tailed by semisolid food at 3rd day, then regular food at 4 day and finally discharge at the 5 day. In group B, the NG tube was detached three to five days after the procedure, observing NG tube output &lt;30-50cc daily. Then, patients were followed up in post-surgical wards for 48 hours. Patients were noted and informed of the time when bowel sounds were audible, the first flatus passed, and the first stool passed. Results: The mean age in group A was 40.23 ± 15.66 years, and in group B was 37.93 ± 15.23 years. Most of the patients, 31 (51.67%), were between 16 to 30 years of age. Out of 60 patients, 36 (60.0%) were males and 24 (40.0%) were females, with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The mean number of days of audible bowel sounds in Group A (early feeding) was 1.57 ± 0.63 days while in Group B (delayed feeding) was 3.90 ± 0.76 days (p-value = 0.0001). Conclusion: This research established that the outcome of early feeding is better than the outcome of delayed feeding after elective gut anastomosis.&#x0D; How to cite this: Jabbar G, Ahmed MS, Malik AS, Akhtar S, Minhas FS, Makshoof MT, Shahid Z. Comparison of Early and Delayed Feeding After Elective Gut Anastomosis. Life and Science. 2024; 5(1): 101-106. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.411

The effect of a spinal thrust manipulation's audible pop on brain wave activity: a quasi-experimental repeated measure design.

High velocity thrust manipulation is commonly used when managing joint dysfunctions. Often, these thrust maneuvers will elicit an audible pop. It has been unclear what conclusively causes this audible sound and its clinical meaningfulness. This study sought to identify the effect of the audible pop on brainwave activity directly following a prone T7 thrust manipulation in asymptomatic/healthy subjects. This was a quasi-experimental repeated measure study design in which 57 subjects completed the study protocol. Brain wave activity was measured with the Emotiv EPOC+, which collects data with a frequency of 128 HZ and has 14 electrodes. Testing was performed in a controlled environment with minimal electrical interference (as measured with a Gauss meter), temperature variance, lighting variance, sound pollution, and other variable changes that could have influenced or interfered with pure EEG data acquisition. After accommodation each subject underwent a prone T7 posterior-anterior thrust manipulation. Immediately after the thrust manipulation the brainwave activity was measured for 10 seconds. The non-audible group (N=20) consisted of 55% males, and the audible group (N=37) consisted of 43% males. The non-audible group EEG data revealed a significant change in brain wave activity under some of the electrodes in the frontal, parietal, and the occipital lobes. In the audible group, there was a significant change in brain wave activity under all electrodes in the frontal lobes, the parietal lobe, and the occipital lobes but not the temporal lobes. The audible sounds caused by a thoracic high velocity thrust manipulation did not affect the activity in the audible centers in the temporal brain region. The results support the hypothesis that thrust manipulation with or without audible sound results in a generalized relaxation immediately following the manipulation. The absence of a significant difference in brainwave activity in the frontal lobe in this study might indicate that the audible pop does not produce a "placebo" mechanism.

Simultaneous Audio Recording and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder is a complex disease requiring multimodal treatment and often a delayed diagnosis. Purpose: The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of simultaneously recording joint sounds while obtaining 3-tesla cine-magnetic resonance imaging (3T cine-MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). A secondary objective pertains to optimization of a dynamic TMJ imaging protocol to maximize image quality and speed while maintaining synchronicity. Methods: Investigators enrolled four subjects (August 2018 to August 2019) eliciting audible joint sounds during continuous open-close jaw movements during clinical evaluation at the New York University College of Dentistry. A contact fiber-optic microphone (OptiRhythm 4130, Optoacoustics, Yehuda Israel) was utilized to record joint sounds elicited with functional movements during MR dynamic imaging at NYU Langone Health and all data was recorded appropriately. Results: Results of this feasibility study demonstrate the successful integration of audio and 3-Tesla MR imaging for the TMJ in all subjects. This protocol was shown to be well-tolerated by the subjects. A precise correlation of the movement of TMJ structures within cine-MRI images and with audible observations was achieved and assessed by an experienced oral and maxillofacial surgeon and an experienced radiologist. Conclusion: This protocol for simultaneous audio/cine-MRI is a viable tool for studying TMJ health and disease. In future studies, we anticipate this protocol will ultimately refine our understanding of TMJ sounds and their relation to anatomy, physiology, and pathology. In addition, we hope to establish a diagnostic aid to guide surgical and non-surgical decision-making more precisely.

Effect of Audible Sounds on the Forces Acting between Charged Surfaces in Water.

We aimed to determine if audible sounds could change the forces acting between charged surfaces in water and their electric double layers (EDLs). This was achieved by using an atomic force microscope to measure force-distance curves between a microsized silica particle attached to a cantilever (probe) and a silicon wafer in water in the absence and presence of sound. Sound decreased the repulsive forces acting between the probe and silicon wafer, where the range and magnitude of the forces decreased with an increase in the sound frequency from 300 to 15000 Hz. The decrease in the force range was explained by a decrease in the EDL thickness. This result was explained by (1) the shrinkage of the EDL by a high-pressure region of the sound wave, where an increased sound frequency caused the number of high-pressure regions that passed between the probe and the substrate to increase and (2) the inability of the EDL to fully re-expand to its original thickness during the time that a low-pressure region of the sound wave was applied. The decrease in the force magnitude with a sound frequency increase was explained by the increased screening of charged surfaces that accompanies a decrease in the EDL thickness. An increase in the force measurement speed caused the sound waves to reduce the repulsive forces less. A faster speed decreased the time to measure a force curve, which reduced the number of high-pressure regions of the sound wave to pass through the water between the probe and the substrate. This reduced the number of times that the EDL was compressed by the sound wave.

Distance Electronic Learning Strategy in Medical Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

Teaching hospitals have been regarded as the primary settings where doctors teach and practice high-quality medicine, as well as where medical students learn the profession and acquire their initial clinical skills. A percentage of instruction is now done over the internet or via electronic techniques. The present COVID-19 epidemic has pushed distance electronic learning (DEL) to the forefront of education at all levels, including medical institutions. This study aimed to observe how late-stage medical students felt about DEL, which was put in place during the recent COVID-19 shutdown in Jordan. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional, web-based, questionnaire-based research study during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown between March 15 and May 1, 2020. During this period, all medical schools in Jordan shifted to DEL. A total of 380 students responded to a request to fill out the questionnaire, of which 256 completed the questionnaire. The data analysis showed that 43.6% (n=112) of respondents had no DEL experience, and 53.1% (n=136)of respondents perceived the DEL method as user-friendly. On the other hand, 64.1% (n=164) of students strongly believed that DEL cannot substitute traditional clinical teaching. There was a significant positive correlation between the perception of user-friendliness and the clarity of the images and texts used. Moreover, there was a strong positive correlation between the perception of sound audibility and confidence in applying knowledge gained through DEL to clinical practice. DEL is a necessary and important tool in modern medical education, but it should be used as an auxiliary approach in the clinical setting since it cannot replace conventional personal instruction.

Real-time spectral interferometry enables ultrafast acoustic detection

Optical interferometry is a promising alternative for acoustic detection as it records the changes of interference patterns. Apart from interferometric sensor heads, readout systems also play a crucial role in sensing performance. Here, inspired by the soliton molecule vibrations in ultrafast lasers, we introduce an efficient real-time spectral interferometry (RSI) approach to read out the Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI) for acoustic detection. Broadband pulses, emitted from an ultrafast fiber laser, are launched into the FPI sensor. Pseudo dual-pulse molecule is constructed by virtue of the equivalent two-beam interference of the FPI and modulated by the diaphragm transducer. The acoustic driven “molecular vibration” conforms to the sound applied on the metal diaphragm. Hence, the acoustic signals can be directly recorded by the successive dual-pulse spectral interferograms, imaged as a spectral encoded “soundtrack.” We experimentally achieve the real-time characterization of both the audible and ultra sounds by retrieving the relative phase evolutions with a phase resolution of 37.6 mrad and preliminarily verifying the feasibility of the RSI in acoustic detection. This approach to wideband acoustic detection highlights an advanced application of ultrafast laser sources and paves an efficient way for interrogating the interferometric fiber sensors.

Using Sound Location to Monitor Farrowing in Sows.

Precision Livestock Farming systems can help pig farmers prevent health and welfare issues around farrowing. Five sows were monitored in two field studies. A Sorama L642V sound camera, visualising sound sources as coloured spots using a 64-microphone array, and a Bascom XD10-4 security camera with a built-in microphone were used in a farrowing unit. Firstly, sound spots were compared with audible sounds, using the Observer XT (Noldus Information Technology), analysing video data at normal speed. This gave many false positives, including visible sound spots without audible sounds. In total, 23 of 50 piglet births were visible, but none were audible. The sow's behaviour changed when farrowing started. One piglet was silently crushed. Secondly, data were analysed at a 10-fold slower speed when comparing sound spots with audible sounds and sow behaviour. This improved results, but accuracy and specificity were still low. When combining audible sound with visible sow behaviour and comparing sound spots with combined sound and behaviour, the accuracy was 91.2%, the error was 8.8%, the sensitivity was 99.6%, and the specificity was 69.7%. We conclude that sound cameras are promising tools, detecting sound more accurately than the human ear. There is potential to use sound cameras to detect the onset of farrowing, but more research is needed to detect piglet births or crushing.

Large‐scale bioacoustic monitoring to elucidate the distribution of a non‐native katydid

Abstract For animals that produce species‐specific audible sounds, environmental recordings combined with automated acoustic monitoring software (passive acoustic monitoring [PAM]) may be an effective monitoring tool because it allows audio data from many, widely distributed autonomous recording units (ARUs) to be processed in a relatively short period of time. Males of many insect species produce loud, species‐specific mating songs, yet acoustic insects have received less attention from PAM relative to vertebrates. We evaluated the use of PAM to monitor, Roeseliana roeselii (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), an acoustic insect that has expanded its range to Alberta, Canada, far outside its naturalized North American range. We analysed environmental recordings from ARUs: (1) at two control sites known to be occupied by R. roeselii and (2) across Alberta established by the Alberta Biodiversity Monitoring Institute (ABMI) to search for new populations. PAM successfully detected R. roeselii at the two control sites, but not at any of the 73 ABMI sites that we analysed. Despite the failure to detect new locations of R. roeselii, our analysis of ABMI environmental recordings detected several other species of acoustic insects, including Orchelimum gladiator, Gryllus sp. and Allonemobius spp. Our results add to the growing body of work showing the feasibility of using PAM for acoustic insects. We make suggestions for how to maximize the effectiveness of this monitoring tool for the conservation and management of singing insects in North America.

A study on improving the sound radiation capability of stepped-plate parametric array loudspeakers

It is well known that Parametric Array Loudspeakers (PALs) produce highly directional audible sounds. However, their widespread adoption is hindered by their high cost, which is primarily attributable to the use of an array of ultrasonic radiator units. To address this issue, our research group introduced stepped-plate parametric array loudspeakers (SPPALs) in 2018. SPPALs utilize a single-structure directional ultrasonic radiator, featuring steps of half-wavelength thickness on the radiating plate. This design mitigates the problem of poor directivity, especially at high frequencies, caused by destructive interference resulting from the plate's flexural mode. Moreover, SPPALs can offer cost advantages compared to commercial PALs due to their single structure. However, understanding the vibration characteristics of SPPALs in relation to sound radiation performance is quite challenging due to their various design parameters. In this study, we present an analytical approach that offers a quantitative method for enhanced sound radiation capability. We present a simplified vibration model (SVM), which enables an efficient design process based on a comprehensive analysis of vibration characteristics. By minimizing reliance on finite element method (FEM) simulations, our method expedites the design of various directional speaker systems.

The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) for Patients Undergoing Planned Abdomino-Pelvic Surgery: Recovering Bowel Motility and Reducing Length of Stay

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of chewing gum in improving paralytic ileus, shortening hospital stays, and enhancing satisfaction in patients undergoing planned abdomino-pelvic surgery.&#x0D; Methodology: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent groups design was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of Rawalpindi Teaching Hospital from January 15, 2023, to July 15, 2023. One hundred and fifty eight patients were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (gum chewing) and Group B (control), each containing 79 patients. Group A was instructed to chew gum for 15 minutes three times a day starting 6 hours after surgery. Group B received conservative management, commencing clear oral fluids after the passage of gas and transitioning to a soft diet after passing stool. The primary outcome measures included the time to first bowel sounds, passage of flatus, passage of stool, and length of hospital stay, while secondary outcome measures comprised nausea, vomiting, patient satisfaction, and abdominal distension.&#x0D; Results: The average age in Group A was 48.6 ± 10.9, and in Group B it was 50.2 ± 13.7. The mean post-operative time (in hours) to audible bowel sounds in Group A and B was 49 (43-63) versus 61 (46-72), respectively (P=0.03); passage of flatus was 70 (50-83) versus 80 (67-110) (P=0.01); stool passage was (38.1 ± 29.8 versus 58.25 ± 18.6) (P=0.002); and hospital stay was 71 (56-89) versus 93 (75-118) (P&lt;0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: Gum chewing after elective abdomino-pelvic surgery enhances post-operative recovery by promoting early bowel function and thereby reducing hospital stays.