Sorption Enhanced Water Gas Shift Research Articles

CO2 capture and H2 production performance of calcium-based sorbent doped with iron and cerium during calcium looping cycle

As the interest in environmentally-friendly energy processes increases, many studies have been focused on producing hydrogen as an alternative energy carrier via catalytic reaction processes. Sorption enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS) that combines WGS and in situ CO2 removal is a promising technology for high-purity H2 production and CO2 capture. In this study, Fe/Ce-modified CaO-Ca12Al14O33 bi-functional porous nanotubes were synthesized in one step by template method and applied for H2 production from SEWGS process. The unique porous nanotube structure fully exposes the catalytic active sites and facilitates the gas-solid transport, resulting in the excellent H2 production and CO2 capture performance in SEWGS/regeneration cycles. The introduction of Ce enhances the basicity of the nanotube material, thereby increasing the affinity for CO2. The interaction of Fe-Ce improves the redox capability of Fe2+ and Fe3+, which is beneficial to the conversion of CO. In addition, the formed Ca2Fe2O5 and Ca2CeO4 both increase the concentration of oxygen vacancies, further enhancing the SEWGS reactivity of the material. The optimal molar ratio of Fe/Ce/Al/Ca is 10/3/10/100, and the CO conversion, H2 concentration, CO2 capture capacity of the Fe/Ce-modified bi-functional material were 76.9 %, 70.1 % and 83.2 % after 20 cycles. The effect of Fe/Ce doping on CaO-based materials was investigated at the molecular level using density functional theory (DFT). The results demonstrate that the addition of Ce can effectively maintain the stable structure of Fe-CaO-based materials. The modification of Fe/Ce is expected to promote efficient H2 generation from CaO-based materials through the SEWGS process.

Revealing the Role of MgO in Sorption‐Enhanced Water Gas Shift Reaction for H2 Production: A DFT Study

AbstractThe sorption‐enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS) process has emerged as a promising technology for high‐purity H2 production. MgO serves as a competitive sorbent in SEWGS, removing CO2 in situ. Yet the reaction mechanism of SEWGS employing MgO is not well understood. In this work, the reaction mechanism of SEWGS on the MgO surface is revealed by density functional theory (DFT) analysis. The MgO(110) surface shows a remarkable enhancement for SEWGS. Spontaneous dissociation of H2O is observed whether in the presence of CO or CO2, leading to the enrichment of hydroxyl groups for subsequent reactions. CO2 generated is captured by surface basic sites, resulting in the formation of MgCO3. The presence of the generated hydroxyl group enhances the dehydrogenation reaction on the surface, facilitating hydrogen production. The reaction pathway is described as follows. First, spontaneous dissociation of H2O occurs when co‐adsorbed with CO on the MgO surface. Then, two hydroxyl groups interact, yielding atomic O for CO oxidization and atomic H for H2 generation. Ultimately, CO2 is captured by the surface while H2 desorbs from the surface. The rate‐limiting step is H2 generation with an energy barrier of 0.68 eV. The calculation results elucidate the enhancement mechanism of MgO on the SEWGS process.

Investigations to intensified hydrogen production via sorption enhanced water gas shift reaction

Sorption enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS) reaction for the equilibrium enhanced hydrogen production is investigated using lithium orthosilicate (Li4SiO4) sorbents mixed with 1 wt% Pt/Al2O3 catalysts. The Li4SiO4 sorbents, synthesized using novel surfactant-mediated method, are characterized by ultra-fast CO2 capture rates with CO2 absorption capacity in the range of 319–333 mgCO2·g−s1. The thermogravimetric analysis results show ∼ 26 wt% of the carbonation sites are participating in the fast CO2 absorption (∼ 298 mgCO2·g−s1·min−1). The use of these sorbents with 1 wt% Pt/Al2O3 catalysts in the water gas shift reaction show a 103% increase in the hydrogen yield compared to the equilibrium concentration at 600◦C. The Li4SiO4 sorbent-catalyst combination show a shift in the equilibrium by preventing the reverse reaction in the temperature range of 600–650◦C. The SEWGS experiments show that the CO2 absorption capacities, and consequently the hydrogen yields, are affected by the diffusional resistance across Li2CO3 and Li2SiO3 product domains in the sorbent. The Li4SiO4 conversion rates during the SEWGS reaction are measured by sampling at different points in the SEWGS reaction and subsequent Rietveld analysis of the XRD patterns. The XRD results suggest the decrease in CO2 absorption rates as a result of the formation of additional Li2CO3 and Li2SiO3 fractions with decreasing Li4SiO4 phase in this nano-structured composite.

Stability of potassium-promoted hydrotalcites for CO2 capture over numerous repetitive adsorption and desorption cycles

Hydrotalcite-based adsorbents have demonstrated their potential for CO2 capture, particularly in the sorption-enhanced water-gas shift (SEWGS) process. This study aims to investigate the long-term stability of a potassium-promoted hydrotalcite-based adsorbent (KMG30) over many repetitive cycles under various operating conditions. The stability of the adsorbent, both in terms of its structure and sorption capacity, is examined through multiple consecutive adsorption and desorption cycles. However, it is observed that the capacity for CO2 adsorption decreases when subjected to many repeated cycles of CO2 adsorption followed by N2 flushing, or to many repeated cycles of H2O adsorption followed by N2 flushing. In-depth investigations employing various techniques such as thermogravimetric experiments, XRD, BET, and SEM-EDX analyses were conducted to elucidate the underlying phenomena that can explain this observed behavior. The former can be attributed to aggregation of K2CO3 from the sorbent during the CO2 adsorption and N2 flushing cycles (which can be reversed by re-dispersing the K2CO3 either by exposure to air or by processing the sorbent with cycles of CO2/H2O adsorption followed by N2 flushing), whereas the latter is ascribed to the only partial regeneration of the reactive site (referred to site C in earlier work), most likely associated with K2CO3 modification on MG30. In this case, morphological changes were found to be insignificant. Remarkable stability of KMG30, as known from SEWGS process studies, was confirmed during cycles of CO2 adsorption/steam purge. These findings significantly enhance our understanding of the stability of potassium-promoted hydrotalcite-based adsorbents and provide valuable insights for the design of diverse sorption processes.

Simulation of a sorption-enhanced water gas-shift pilot technology for pure hydrogen production from a waste gasification plant

This study has analysed and optimised a 5-column sorption enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS) pilot unit, set to operate for the first time in a waste gasification facility for the production of transport-grade hydrogen and CO2 streams. Full process simulation was undertaken by developing a one-dimensional model of each reactor, with boundary conditions directly informed by real plant operation. From the sensitivity analysis performed, syngas flowrate variations were seen to have a minor but temporary, impact on hydrogen product specifications, while changes to syngas composition were shown to have a longer-lasting effect on system performance. Based on full cycle operation results, the current 5-column SEWGS unit design was concluded to be inadequate for fuel-cell-grade H2 production, despite obtaining a high H2 purity of 99.5%, mainly due to its excessive steam consumption. However, the process achieved an exceptionally high CO2 purity of 99.9%, and 88.6% hydrogen recovery rate, suggesting its potential use in carbon capture and heat-grade hydrogen production applications.

Mg2-xCaxAl layered double hydroxide-derived mixed metal oxide porous hexagonal nanoplatelets for CO2 sorption.

Porous hexagonal nanoplatelets of mixed metal oxide (MMO) derived from the calcination of MgAl layered double hydroxide exhibits a CO2 sorption capacity of 1.99 mmol g-1 at 30 °C, with a retention of 87% sorption capacity over 10 carbonation-decarbonation cycles and a CO2 sorption capacity of 1 mmol g-1 at 200 °C with a 40% increase in capacity over 10 cycles. The high sorption capacity is attributed to the porous nanoplatelet structure of the MMO with a BET surface area of 115 m2 g-1, which enables increased CO2 diffusion. Upon partially replacing magnesium with calcium (33, 50 and 66 mol%), the CO2 sorption capacity of the MMO increases with an increase in temperature. MMO derived from LDH, in which 66% of magnesium is replaced by calcium (MgCaAl-66), delivers CO2 sorption capacities of 1.38, 1.31, 2.50, 4.85 and 7.75 mmol g-1 at 200, 300, 350, 400 and 600 °C, respectively, which is significant for application in the sorption-enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS) process. MgCaAl-66 MMO exhibits a sorption capacity of 1 mmol g-1, which is stable over 10 cycles at 200 °C, and a sorption capacity of 3.68 mmol g-1 at 400 °C with 85% capture efficiency retention over 10 cycles. While the incorporation of Ca2+ serves multiple purposes such as increasing basic defect sorption sites and improving stability to repress the sintering-induced limitation of MMO over sorption cycles, the porous nanoplatelets act as individual sorbent units resisting volume changes through carbonation-decarbonation cycles.

From excavated waste to hydrogen: Life cycle techno-environmental-economic comparison between plasma-gasification-based water gas shift and sorption enhanced water gas shift routes

The mismanagement of excavated waste (EW) is leading to serious land occupancy and greenhouse gases leakage problems globally. This study explores the possibility to realize utilization of EW and satisfaction of the hydrogen fuel demand at the same time. Based on plasma gasification (PG), the excavated waste has shown its potential to act as a sustainable source of hydrogen. In this study, the techno-environmental-economic performance of the EWtH (excavated waste to hydrogen) process based on PG-WGS-AGR (water gas shift-acid gas removal) and PG-SEWGS (sorption enhanced water gas shift) routes are investigated. The results demonstrate that the EWtH process based on the PG-SEWGS route has higher exergy efficiency, better environmental performance, and more promising economic feasibility. The EWtH process can maintain profitable when resisting the fluctuation of EW treatment subsidy, selling price of CO2 and carbon tax (±75%), with the biggest LPEW (levelized profit of excavated waste) drop of 19.22%. However, as the selling of H2 is the largest income, the LPEW has decreased to a negative value within the fluctuation of the selling price of H2 in ± 55%, which suggests that the selling price of H2 is the decisive factor in the economic feasibility of the EWtH process. Also, the EW with fewer landfill years brings higher profit, and the material recovery process plays a more significant role in the treatment of EW with longer landfill years. The highest exergy efficiency (57.79%) and the most environmentally friendly performance (-70.84 mPE) locates in the 05-EWtH process applying SEWGS, and the 15-EWtH process based on PG-SEWGS route has the highest LPEW of 185.78 $/tonEW.

Production of high-purity H2 through sorption-enhanced water gas shift over a combination of two intermediate-temperature CO2 sorbents

Sorption-enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS) that integrates the WGS reaction and in situ CO2 removal in one reactor is a promising technology for producing high-purity hydrogen. In this study, a series of Mg–Al hydrotalcite-based CO2 sorbents were prepared, characterized, and evaluated at low CO2 pressure (0.01 bar). It shows that the layered double oxide prepared at pH = 10 (abbr. LDO_10) has a higher CO2 adsorption uptake at 30–400 °C than other LDO_x, owing to its large surface area. After doping with M2CO3 (M = Li, Na, K, or Cs), the resulting M-LDO_10 sorbents exhibit different CO2 uptake, with Li-LDO_10 the lowest and K-LDO_10 the highest. It is considered that the high total basicity contributed to the high CO2 uptake of K-LDO_10. A single-layered reactor (physically mixed Cu/Ce0·6Zr0·4O2 (catalyst) and K-LDO_10) can realize a stable production of high-purity H2 in 10 SEWGS cycles, but the duration time is rather short (≤1 min). By combining our previously developed MgO-based sorbent (AMS-Mg95Ca5) with K-LDO_10 in a four-layered configuration, i.e., three (Cu/Ce0·6Zr0·4O2|AMS-Mg95Ca5) layers followed by one (Cu/Ce0·6Zr0·4O2 + K-LDO_10) layer, high-purity H2 (>99.9%) without CO contamination is stably produced with extended duration time (22–31 min) in 10 SEWGS cycles (300 °C, 12 bar, and H2O/CO molar ratio of 1.5).

Integration of carbon capture technologies in blast furnace based steel making: A comprehensive and systematic review

Decarbonization of the iron and steel industry, which accounts for 7–9% of global annual emissions, is a strategic objective to achieve carbon emissions reduction targets in line with climate change policies, while maintaining economic competitiveness. Carbon capture (CC) technologies are of critical importance to achieve these goals. This work presents the first systematic review of the integration of CC technologies in the blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF) steelmaking route, which is expected to maintain a dominant market share over the coming decades. Integration options for post-combustion, looping cycles, oxy-combustion and pre-combustion are described and compared in terms of energy penalty, carbon emissions abatement potential, cost, technology readiness level, and practical deployment considerations. The review yielded 188 studies from peer-reviewed articles and technical papers. Research is mainly focused on chemical absorption, physical adsorption, and oxy-blast furnace technologies, but other carbon capture methods including calcium looping, Sorption Enhanced Water Gas Shift, and membranes appear promising in terms of cost and carbon emission reduction. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the current state of the art and crucial considerations for future decision making in the techno-economic selection and integration of CC technologies. Barriers to overcome for practical implementation are also identified and discussed in this article.

Sorption-Enhanced Water Gas Shift Reaction over a Mechanical Mixture of the Catalyst Pt/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 and the Sorbent NaNO3/MgO

Sorption-Enhanced Water Gas Shift Reaction over a Mechanical Mixture of the Catalyst Pt/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 and the Sorbent NaNO3/MgO

Dynamic simulation of a compact sorption-enhanced water-gas shift reactor

This work presents the dynamic simulation of a novel sorption-enhanced water-gas shift reactor used for synthesis gas production from pure CO in an e-fuels synthesis process. Due to the intended decentralized plant installation associated with fluctuating feed, process intensification and a compact reactor system is required. An optimized operating procedure was obtained by simulation-driven process design to maximize the sorbent loading and operate the process as efficient as possible. The process simulation is based on a simplified heterogeneous packed bed reactor model. The model accounts for simultaneous water-gas shift (WGS) reaction on a Cu-based catalyst and CO2 adsorption on a K-impregnated hydrotalcite-derived mixed oxide as well as subsequent desorption. An empirical rate expression was chosen to describe the water-gas shift reaction according to experimental data at 250°C. Breakthrough experiments were performed and used to adapt kinetic adsorption (pressure: 8 bar) and desorption (pressure: 1 bar) parameters. The experimental CO2 sorption equilibrium isotherm was fitted with the Freundlich model. The reactor model was extended to a complex hybrid system scale model for the pilot plant reactor consisting of six individually accessible reaction chambers. Cyclic operation with automatized switching time adjustment was accomplished by a finite state machine. A case study exploited the benefits of a serial process configuration of reaction chambers. It could be shown that the sorbent loading can be remarkably increased through optimized operating strategies depending on the process conditions. Hence, the development of the hybrid model marks a crucial step towards the planned pilot plant operation and control.

Ensemble process for producing high-purity H2 via simultaneous in situ H2 extraction and CO2 capture

To produce fuel-cell-grade hydrogen (H 2 ) via fossil fuel reforming processes, an efficient H 2 purification method with a carbon capture unit is necessary. In this study, a sorption-enhanced water-gas shift membrane reactor (SE-WGS-MR) system combining a state-of-the-art MgO-based catalyst, carbon dioxide sorbent, and Pd/Ta membrane is developed to simultaneously capture carbon dioxide and purify H 2 . With the optimal sorption-enhanced configuration (SE-WGS), the carbon monoxide conversion is significantly enhanced to 86.6%, compared with 68.5% using the commercial catalyst only. Coupling of the Pd/Ta membrane with the WGS catalyst (WGS-MR) enable over 95% H 2 recovery, with the production of high-purity H 2 . Eventually, the ensemble of the three processes (SE-WGS-MR) afford 99.99% of carbon monoxide conversion and the extraction of high-purity H 2 with 99.5% recovery. This study demonstrates the potential of the single process integrating the catalytic reaction, adsorptive separation, and membrane purification for the production of H 2 with ultra-high purity and recovery. • Integration of WGS catalyst and CO 2 sorbent with a Pd/Ta membrane is examined • Coupling of the Pd/Ta membrane with the WGS catalyst enables over 95% H 2 recovery • Simultaneous CO 2 capture and H 2 purification shifts the CO conversion to 99.99% • The ensemble of the processes extracts ultra-pure H 2 with over 99.5% recovery Jin et al. propose an effective ensemble process for producing pure H 2 via simultaneous in situ H 2 extraction and CO 2 capture. Integration of MgO-based catalyst and CO 2 sorbent with a Pd/Ta composite membrane shifts the CO conversion to 99.99%, enabling the extraction of pure H 2 with over 99.5% recovery.

Numerical Simulation Approach for a Dynamically Operated Sorption-Enhanced Water-Gas Shift Reactor

A dynamically operated sorption-enhanced water–gas shift reactor is modelled to leverage its performance by means of model-based process design. This reactor shall provide CO2-free synthesis gas for e-fuel production from pure CO. The nonlinear model equations describing simultaneous adsorption and reaction are solved with three numerical approaches in MATLAB: a built-in solver for partial differential equations, a semi-discretization method in combination with an ordinary differential equation solver, and an advanced graphic implementation of the latter method in Simulink. The novel implementation in Simulink offers various advantages for dynamic simulations and is expanded to a process model with six reaction chambers. The continuous conditions in the reaction chambers and the discrete states of the valves, which enable switching between reactive adsorption and regeneration, lead to a hybrid system. Controlling the discrete states in a finite-state machine in Stateflow enables automated switching between reactive adsorption and regeneration depending on predefined conditions, such as a time span or a concentration threshold in the product gas. The established chemical reactor simulation approach features unique possibilities in terms of simulation-driven development of operating procedures for intensified reactor operation. In a base case simulation, the sorbent usage for serial operation with adjusted switching times is increased by almost 15%.

Microtubular Fe/Mn-promoted CaO-Ca12Al14O33 bi-functional material for H2 production from sorption enhanced water gas shift

Herein, a hollow microtubular Fe/Mn-promoted CaO-Ca12Al14O33 bi-functional material was prepared by the bio-template method and used for H2 production from sorption enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS). The microtubular Fe/Mn-promoted CaO-Ca12Al14O33 exhibits excellent CO2 capture and H2 production performance in SEWGS/regeneration cycles. The stable hollow microtubular structure improves available adsorption and catalytic sites in Fe/Mn-promoted CaO-Ca12Al14O33 for CO2 capture and H2 production. Mn addition improves CO2 affinity capacity of the microtubular material. The Fe-Mn interaction increases redox ability of Fe3+/Fe3+, 2+, which promotes CO conversion. Moreover, the formed Ca2Fe2O5 and Ca2MnO4 both increase oxygen vacancies to promote catalytic activity of the microtubular material for WGS and its CO2 capture capacity. The CO conversions for the microtubular material with the Fe/Mn/Al/Ca molar ratio= 10/2/10/100 are 98.7% and 94.0% after 20 cycles under the mild and severe calcination conditions, respectively. The hollow microtubular bi-functional material shows good prospect for efficient H2 production from SEWGS.

Probing the mechanism of H2 production in water gas shift reaction over Ce-modified CaO: A DFT study

The sorption-enhanced water gas shift reaction (WGSR) using CaO-based materials is a promising technology for H2 production, which can be further improved with the Ce-modified CaO material. However, the underlying mechanism for WGSR with the assistance of Ce-modified CaO remains unclear. A Ce-modified CaO periodic slab model was established in this paper, and the density functional theory (DFT) simulations for WGSR characteristics on Ce-modified CaO surface were performed. The results demonstrate that the Ce-modified CaO exhibits higher electron density, and the electron transfer between Ce and adjacent O is observed. The Ce doping obliterates the band gap of CaO, and the Fermi level is penetrated by O 2p orbit of Ce-modified CaO. The intermediates involved in WGSR exhibit obvious mutual promotion for co-adsorption with Ce-modification, and the H2 desorption is facilitated by the absorbed CO2. Ce doping avoids the generation of an additional intermediate, and the energy barriers of H2 generation and CO2 adsorption are reduced. The rate-limiting step on Ce-modified CaO is altered to the cleavage of O–H bond and formation of CO2 radical, and the energy barrier is 2.15 eV, which is 34.6% lower than that on CaO. Therefore, the enhancement mechanism on H2 production in WGSR resulted by Ce-modified CaO was determined.

Indirect gasification of residual biomass coupled with sorption-enhanced water-gas shift: A cost-effective platform for negative CO2 emissions and climate-positive hydrogen

Indirect gasification of residual biomass coupled with sorption-enhanced water-gas shift: A cost-effective platform for negative CO2 emissions and climate-positive hydrogen

Techno-economic assessment of the FReSMe technology for CO2 emissions mitigation and methanol production from steel plants

The iron and steel industry accounts for 6 % of the global CO2 emissions and it is one of the main hard-to-abate sectors that must be un-locked to reach climate neutrality in the coming decades. The objective of this work is to assess the economics of the FReSMe (From Residual Steel gases to Methanol) process for reducing the carbon footprint of conventional steel plants based on the Blast Furnace route. This reduction is achieved by capturing and converting part of the steel plants residual gases into methanol. The process includes the Sorption Enhanced Water Gas Shift (SEWGS) technology to treat the residual gases separating the CO2 and producing a H2-rich stream. The latter can be recirculated back to the steel plant to cover part of its primary energy demand or reacted together with part of the separated CO2 to synthetize methanol. The CO2 excess can be used for underground storage. Four different process configurations with different methanol production capacities are investigated. Costs and performances of each configuration are assessed and compared to two reference cases. Results show that the FReSMe process allows to avoid around the 60 % of the overall steel plant CO2 emissions, while the reference plant with post-combustion capture in the power section only 18 %. The cost of CO2 avoided is in the range 40.6 €/tCO2 – 46.2 €/tCO2. When no carbon tax is considered, the optimal methanol production capacity results 600 t/day with a Levelized Cost of Hot Rolled Coil of around 520 €/tHRC, 9.4 % higher than in the base case (476 €/tHRC). With a carbon tax rate above 40.6 €/tCO2, the optimal configuration has a methanol production capacity of 300 t/day and it ensures higher emissions reduction and lower costs than conventional post-combustion carbon capture systems.

Revealing the effects of Ni on sorption-enhanced water-gas shift reaction of CaO for H2 production by density functional theory

The sorption-enhanced water-gas shift (SE-WGS) reaction promoted by Ni-doped CaO (Ni-CaO) was sufficiently investigated by experiments that only displayed macroscopic results instead of microscopic reaction mechanisms. In this work, density functional theory (DFT) was employed to clarify the mechanisms of SE-WGS reaction which was catalyzed by Ni in the presence of CaO. The SE-WGS reaction only promoted by CaO was used as a comparison to clarify the catalysis of Ni. The analysis of electron differential densities, the partial density of states, and formation energy indicate that Ni causes the higher stability and reactivity of the Ni-CaO model than the CaO model. The Ni promotes the release of H2* by rising the adsorption energy of H2*(−0.05 eV) and retains the efficient CO2 capture with the adsorption energy of −1.56 eV. The transient state calculations indicate the SE-WGS reaction prefers to proceed along with the redox mechanism compared with the carboxyl and formate mechanisms on the Ni-CaO surface. The energy barriers for the CO2* generation, H2* generation and desorption are respectively 0.74, 1.77 and 0.10 eV on the Ni-CaO surface, which are lower than those on the CaO surface. Therefore, Ni helps to improve CO conversion and H2 productivity which is consistent with the previous experimental results.

3D-printing of adsorbents for increased productivity in carbon capture applications (3D-CAPS)

An important driver in the development of adsorption-based CO2 capture technologies is the reduction of cost through increasing the productivity. The 3D-CAPS project aims to increase the productivity (kg CO2/m3hr) of such technologies through structuring, enabled by 3D-printing. This productivity increase would allow for a reduction of the size of the adsorbers and the associated CAPEX and/or energy requirements. Pre-combustion, as well as post-combustion technologies, are investigated using potassium-promoted hydrotalcite (K-HTC) for sorption-enhanced water-gas shift (SEWGS) and amine-functionalized silica (ImmoAmmo) as sorbents, respectively. This contribution presents a technical overview highlighting several aspects of the project ranging from CFD modelling to assess the shape of the sorbents, 3D-printing of the sorbent materials as well as testing of the ImmoAmmo sorbent for post-combustion capture applications. It is discussed how several essential elements of the productivity improvement have been separately proven in the 3D-CAPS project, both by modelling and experimentally: maintained adsorption capacity upon 3D-printing, reduced pressure drop, and improved mass transfer.

A new application of the commercial high temperature water gas shift catalyst for reduction of CO2 emissions in the iron and steel industry: Lab-scale catalyst evaluation

In this study, we present a detailed investigation of a commercial iron-based high temperature water gas shift (HTWGS) catalyst (Johnson Matthey KATALCOTM 71-6) in a new application: the production of hydrogen from blast furnace gas (BFG), which originates from iron and steel manufacturing. During the lab-scale catalytic testing under BFG conditions the catalyst demonstrated: 1) high water gas shift activity and stability; 2) minimal methanation at reduced steam to CO ratios; 3) high resistance towards H2S impurities present in the feed. The results of post-characterization of the discharged samples confirm the robustness of KATALCO 71-6 towards BFG process conditions: no over-reduction of the catalytically active Fe3O4 phase and no formation of a less active FeS phase. An in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy study revealed no over-reduction of the iron phase under BFG conditions and the stabilization of the iron phase by diffusion of chromium into the iron oxide matrix. The findings of this study demonstrate the suitability of the iron-based HTWGS catalyst KATALCO 71-6 for the production of hydrogen from BFG streams. Knowledge gained in this study is an essential step in the development and scale up of carbon capture and storage as well as carbon capture and utilization technologies, such as the sorption enhanced water gas shift (SEWGS) technology, aimed at reducing the CO2 footprint during steel manufacturing.