Somatoform Research Articles

Changes in interoceptive accuracy related to emotional interference in somatic symptom disorder.

The somatic symptom disorder (SSD) is characterized by one or more distressing or disabling somatic symptoms accompanied by an excessive amount of time, energy and emotion related to the symptoms. These manifestations of SSD have been linked to alterations in perception and appraisal of bodily signals. We hypothesized that SSD patients would exhibit changes in interoceptive accuracy (IA), particularly when emotional processing is involved. Twenty-three patients with SSD and 20 healthy controls were recruited. IA was assessed using the heartbeat perception task. The task was performed in the absence of stimuli as well as in the presence of emotional interference, i.e., photographs of faces with an emotional expression. IA were examined for correlation with measures related to their somatic symptoms, including resting-state heart rate variability (HRV). There was no significant difference in the absolute values of IA between patients with SSD and healthy controls, regardless of the condition. However, the degree of difference in IA without emotional interference and with neutral facial interference was greater in patients with SSD than in healthy controls (p = 0.039). The IA of patients with SSD also showed a significant correlation with low-frequency HRV (p = 0.004) and high-frequency HRV (p = 0.007). SSD patients showed more significant changes in IA when neutral facial interference was given. These results suggest that bodily awareness is more affected by emotionally ambiguous stimuli in SSD patients than in healthy controls.

Illness Anxiety Disorder: A Review of the Current Research and Future Directions.

We review recent evidence on Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD), including risk factors and precipitants, diagnostic classification, clinical characteristics of the disorder, and assessment and treatment in both children and adults. IAD places a substantial burden on both individuals and society. Despite its impact, understanding of the disorder is lacking and debates remain about whether IAD should be classified as an anxiety disorder and whether it is distinct from Somatic Symptom Disorder. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for IAD and there are multiple validated measures of health anxiety available. However, research on health anxiety in children and youth is limited. IAD is chronic, and debilitating, but when identified, it can be effectively treated with CBT. Research using DSM-5 IAD criteria is lacking, and more research is needed to better understand the disorder, particularly in children and youth.

Cannabinoid Drugs in the Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders - Data from the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices

Since 2017 physicians in Germany can prescribe cannabis based medicines or medical cannabis with subsequent funding by the statutory health insurance system. Physicians prescribing cannabinoid drugs were legally required to take part in a survey conducted by the Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices. This study analyses data from 16.809 case reports that were collected from 30.3.2017 to 31.12.2021. There were 5582 cases documenting the use of cannabinoid drugs in psychiatric disorders. More than half of the prescriptions were Dronabinol. 80% of the treatments concerned somatoform disorders. Most of the treatments for other psychiatric disorders also targeted pain. Doctors reported a positive effect on symptoms in at least 75% of the cases. Most patients with psychiatric disorders received cannabinoid drugs for pain. The evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials for the use of cannabinoid drugs in psychiatric indications is weak.

Health, behavior, and social outcomes among offspring of parents with criminal convictions: a register-based study from Sweden.

There is currently insufficient understanding of the health and behavior of children whose parents engage in criminal behavior. We examined associations between parental criminal convictions and wide range of offspring health, behavioral, and social outcomes by age 18 in a large, national sample, aiming to get a comprehensive picture of the risks among children of offending parents. We studied 1,013,385 individuals born in Sweden between 1987 and 1995, and their parents. Using data from several longitudinal nationwide registers, we investigated parental convictions and 85 offspring outcomes until the end of 2013, grouped into birth-related conditions, psychiatric and somatic disorders, accidents and injuries, mortality, school achievement, violent victimization, and criminality. Cox proportional hazards regression and logistic regression models were used to examine the associations. The role of genetic factors in intergenerational associations was studied in children-of-siblings analyses. We also examined the co-occurrence of multiple outcomes using Poisson regression. A total of 223,319 (22.0%) individuals had one parent convicted and 31,241 (3.1%) had both parents convicted during the first 18 years of their life. The strongest associations were found between parental convictions and offspring behavioral problems, substance use disorders, poor school achievement, violent victimization, and criminality, with an approximately 2 to 2.5-fold increased risk in children with one convicted parent and 3- to 4-fold increased risk in children with two convicted parents. The risks were particularly elevated among children of incarcerated parents with a history of violent convictions. The associations appeared to be at least partly explained by genetic influences. Parental convictions were also associated with an increased likelihood of experiencing multiple outcomes. Our findings help to calibrate the risks of a wide range of adverse outcomes associated with parental convictions and may be used to guide prevention efforts and identify key areas for future research.

Разработка и анализ психометрических свойств новой русскоязычной версии Международного опросника неблагоприятного детского опыта (ACE-IQ)

<p style="text-align: justify;">Background. Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) is one of the most important risk factors for mental and somatic disorders and needs to be considered and evaluated in clinical and research practice. The aim of this study was to develop, adapt and validate the new Russian version of ACE-IQ. Methods. A total of 123 people (88 women, Me = 25 years) were included, of which about a half (n = 68) of the sample were patients with depression, the rest of the participants had no psychiatric diagnoses based on the results of the diagnostic interview. Results. ACE-IQ showed good reliability and internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.801). A six–factor structure of the questionnaire was identified («Sexual abuse», «Family violence», «Violence outside the family», «Mental disorders and substance abuse in the family», «Dysfunctional family factors», «Social Cataclysms»). Conclusions. We developed, adapted and validated the new Russian–language version of the ACE-IQ, retaining the structure and semantic equivalence of the original version of the questionnaire. Although confirmation of factor structure in other samples is needed, our data allows to recommend the new Russian version of the ACE-IQ for use in clinical and research practice.</p>

Association of categorical diagnoses and psychopathologies with quality of life in patients with depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms: A cross-sectional study

ObjectiveMajor depressive disorder (MDD), anxiety disorders, and somatic symptom disorder (SSD) are associated with quality of life (QoL) reduction. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between these conditions as categorical diagnoses and related psychopathologies with QoL, recognizing their frequent overlap. MethodsWe recruited a total of 403 clinical patients and healthy individuals, administering diagnostic interviews based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. QoL and psychopathologies were assessed using the WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and several self-administered questionnaires, respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses examined the associations between psychiatric diagnoses, psychopathologies, and QoL. ResultsSSD and MDD were independently associated with impaired global (β = −0.318 and − 0.287) and all QoL domains (β = −0.307, −0.150, −0.125, and − 0.133, in physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains respectively for SSD; β = −0.278, −0.344, −0.275, and − 0.268 for MDD). The Beck Depression Inventory-II score showed pervasive associations with QoL (β = −0.390, −0.408, −0.685, −0.463, and − 0.420, in global, physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains). The Patient Health Questionnaire-15 and Health Anxiety Questionnaire scores were associated with global (β = −0.168 and − 0.181) and physical (β = −0.293 and − 0.121) QoL domain, while the Cognitions About Body and Health Questionnaire score was only associated with environmental QoL domain (β = −0.157). ConclusionSSD and MDD were independently associated with QoL impairment. Depressive symptoms were associated with all QoL domains, whereas somatic symptom burden and health anxiety primarily affected the physical QoL domain. Clinicians should consider concomitant psychopathologies when managing patients with depression, anxiety, or somatic symptoms.

Inflammatory Markers in Children and Adolescents with Functional Somatic Disorders: A Systematic Review

Functional somatic disorders (FSDs) are common in children and adolescents. Recent findings suggest that low-grade inflammation has a role in the development and maintenance of pediatric FSDs. This systematic review included studies with original data on systemic inflammatory markers in children and adolescents with an FSD compared to individuals without an FSD. The literature search identified 1374 articles. After assessment, a total of 15 studies met the inclusion criteria. In total, 41 serum or plasma cytokines were assayed in a population of 696 children and adolescents. Altered cytokine levels in patients with FSDs were reported in 12 studies, whereas three studies found no significant differences when comparing patients with FSDs and controls. The cytokine levels were significantly elevated in nine studies (i.e., IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12 (p70), CRP, hsCRP, IP-10, MCP-1, sTIM-3, sCD25 and TNF-α). The findings indicate that inflammatory response may have a role in the pathophysiology of pediatric FSDs. However, the included studies showed limited quality with potential risk of bias, small study populations and a narrow spectrum of included FSDs, which limits the generalizability of the results. To further explore the potential link between inflammatory markers and pediatric FSDs, future research using a longitudinal study design is recommended.

Asthenic disorders: contradictions and paradigms

Asthenic disorders are a pressing problem for modern medicine. The lack of specificity of this disease makes it difficult to make a nosological diagnosis, since these disorders occur not only in somatic pathologies and infections, but also in various neurological and mental diseases. Attempts at systematization taking into account clinical variability did not lead to a single paradigm, since they did not reflect all possible variants of disorders. In ICD-10, conditions, the main manifestation of which is asthenia, are considered under various headings: Neurasthenia – F48.0; Organic emotionally labile (asthenic) disorder - F06.6; Other specified neurotic disorders – F48.8; Fatigue syndrome after a viral infection – G93.3; Condition after COVID-19 - U09.9; Overwork (burnout syndrome) – Z73.0; somatoform disorders – F45. Currently, there is no single concept in the treatment strategy for patients. With these disorders, the number of active receptors in the brain is reduced, the response to medications is reduced, even the addition of energy correctors does not fully stimulate the restructuring of the functional state of the central nervous system only with specific effects on neurotransmitter systems. Correction of the functional state of the central nervous system through nonspecific effects is necessary. Phenylpiracetam is the first drug with a neuromodulatory effect. The antiasthenic effect of the drug appears after a single use, prolonged action has its advantages for increasing the effectiveness of therapy, which allows reducing the pharmacological burden on the patient and thereby reduce the risk of developing polypharmacy.

Risk Phenotypes, Comorbidities, Pharmacotherapy, and Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) in a Cohort with Difficult-to-Treat Depression in Comparison to an Unmedicated Control Group.

Approximately 15-25% of depressed patients suffer from difficult-to-treat depression (DTD). Patients with DTD require a thorough examination to avoid the oversight of treatable (psychiatric/somatic) comorbidities or (pseudo-)resistance to antidepressant drugs (ADs). Polymorphisms of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes 2D6 and 2C19, which play a major role in the metabolism of ADs, may contribute to resistance to ADs. Patients with DTD might benefit from electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We enrolled 109 patients with DTD and 29 untreated depressed controls (UDC). We assessed risk phenotypes, comorbidities, and treatment, including ECT. We also performed pharmacokinetic analyses of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19. DTD patients significantly more often suffered from comorbid psychiatric diseases, especially ICD-10: F40-F48 (DTD:40.4%, UDC:17.2%, OR 11.87, p=0.011) than UDC patients. DTD patients receiving ECT were more likely to achieve remission (37.7% vs. 11.8%, OR=3.96, p=0.023). Treatment with ADs did not differ between remitters and non-remitters. No significant differences were observed in the distribution of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 variants between both groups. Patients with DTD appear to experience comorbid neurotic stress and somatoform disorders (ICD-10: F40 - F48) more frequently. Therefore, a comprehensive differential diagnosis is crucial when patients do not respond sufficiently to antidepressant medication. Genotyping CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 should be considered.

Chest pain as an interdisciplinary problem – emphasis on somatoform disorders

Chest pain of a non-cardiac nature is one of the extremely significant problems of clinical medicine, which is associated with the widespread prevalence of this condition and the high healthcare costs for diagnosing and treating such patients. Along with neurological, gastroenterological and pulmonological diseases, mental disorders make a major contribution to the formation of chest pain. Moreover, the formation of pain in the chest area can be associated not only with such well-known psychopathological conditions as depression and anxiety disorders, but also with the pathology of the somatoform circle. This review presents data on the frequency of chest pain associated with mental disorders (pain as a symptom of a mental disorder, mental disorders as a consequence of a previous episode of chest pain, etc.), the nature of the relationship between pain symptoms and mental disorders, as well as the clinical picture somatoform disorders manifesting in the form of thoracalgia. Information is summarized on approaches to diagnosing mental disorders in patients with chest pain and the possibilities for their psychopharmacotherapy and psychotherapy. When discussing psychopharmacotherapy, emphasis is placed on the possibilities of using the atypical tranquilizer tofisopam in this category of patients, and a brief description of its effectiveness and safety is given. To illustrate the main points of the review, a clinical case of a patient with chest pain of non-cardiac origin, which manifested itself after a traumatic event, which in turn provoked a myocardial infarction, is also presented. Positive dynamics with subsequent recovery during therapy with tofisopam are described.

An integrated mental health video consultations model for patients with somatic symptom disorder in primary care: The randomized VISION pilot trial

ObjectiveSymptoms of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) are one of the most common reasons for consultations in primary care. However, specialized psychological services are mostly unavailable. This pilot trial aimed to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of the integrated mental health video consultations VISION model for patients with SSD in primary care. MethodsWe conducted a parallel group, randomized controlled pilot trial involving fifty-one patients with SSD from ten primary care practices in Germany, who we randomized to the VISION model or enhanced treatment-as-usual (eTAU). The VISION model comprised five video consultations which featured diagnostic clarification, psychoeducation (acknowledging and legitimizing of symptoms), and brief psychological therapy. eTAU included training primary care practice teams on the DSM-5 concept of SSD guideline recommendations for its treatment in primary care. We assessed feasibility as the primary outcome at 6-months, measuring efficiency of recruitment, intervention acceptability, safety. ResultsRecruitment was efficient reflected in an overall recruitment yield (number randomized per number screened) of 55% (51/92) and a consent rate (number randomized per number eligible) of 94% (51/54). Acceptability of the intervention was high with 98% (123/125) of the video consultations conducted as planned. No serious adverse events were reported in either group. ConclusionAn integrated mental health video consultations VISION model for patients with SSD presenting to primary care is feasible, acceptable, and safe. Potential clinical effectiveness of the model should be evaluated in confirmatory trial putting the multifaceted approach tailored to the individual patient with SSD directly into primary care practice. Trial registrationThe trial protocol was registered at German Clinical Trials Register (number: DRKS00026075, https://www.drks.de).

Treatment of Anxiety Disorders in Primary Care: What Nurse Practitioners Need to Know.

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses and frequently co-occur with other mental and somatic symptoms or disorders. Primary care nurse practitioners (NPs) are key in reducing the treatment gap through early identification, treatment, and/or referral to behavioral health providers. Confronting primary care NPs are problems with time constraints, multiple comorbidities, and limited mental health training, particularly in relation to the differences in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic actions of first-line anxiety disorder medications across age groups. The current article provides a brief summary of evidence-based treatment focusing on pharmacotherapy for anxiety disorders in the primary care setting. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 62(5), 7-10.].

Inflammation and weight change related to neurocognitive and functional impairment in diabetes and psychiatric disorders

Introduction: Obesity is a global pandemic associated with various cardio-metabolic and psychiatric disorders. Neurocognitive and functional deficits have been associated with several somatic and psychiatric disorders. Adiposity-related inflammation has recently emerged as a key risk factor for neurocognitive and functional impairments. This prospective transdiagnostic study aimed to investigate the role of adiposity-related inflammatory markers in neurocognitive and functional outcomes associated with weight changes.Methods: Peripheral blood inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and neurocognitive and functional performance were assessed twice over 1 year in 165 individuals, including 30 with schizophrenia, 42 with bipolar disorder, 35 with major depressive disorder, 30 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 28 healthy controls. Participants were stratified by body mass index into categories of type 2 obesity (T2OB; n=30), type 1 obesity (T1OB; n=42), overweight (OW; n=53), and average weight (NW; n=40). Mixed one-way analysis of covariance and linear and binary logistic regression analyses were performed.Results: Compared with NW, T2OB and T1OB were significantly associated with impaired neurocognitive and functional performance (p<0.01; η²p=0.06–0.12) and higher levels of C-reactive protein and platelets (PLT) (p<0.01; η²p= 0.08–0.16), with small-to-moderate effect sizes. IL-6, IL-10, and PLT were key factors for detecting significant weight changes in T1OB and T2OB over time. Regression models revealed that inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers and cellular adhesion molecules were significantly associated with neurocognitive and functional performance (p<0.05).Discussion: Obesity is characterised by neurocognitive and functional impairments alongside low-grade systemic inflammation. Adiposity-related inflammatory biomarkers may contribute to neurocognitive and functional decline in individuals with T2DM and psychiatric disorders. Our data suggest that these biomarkers facilitate the identification of specific subgroups of individuals at higher risk of developing obesity.

Factors associated with having previously received a diagnosis of fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome: A cross sectional DanFunD study

ObjectivesFibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, and irritable bowel syndrome are highly prevalent conditions and part of the functional somatic syndromes (FSS) diagnosis, that are classified under the unifying umbrella term functional somatic disorder (FSD). Multiple factors are associated with FSD symptom development; However, few studies have explored these associations in relation to the diagnosis status. This study aims to examine associations with a previously received FSS diagnosis from a physician in participants fulfilling the FSD diagnostic criteria in a population-based sample. MethodsThis research employs a comprehensive observational approach using a cross sectional design with data from the DanFunD part two cohort. Information about received FSS diagnoses was obtained from self-reported questionnaires. Participants fulfilling the FSD diagnostic criteria were identified with both self-reported questionnaires and diagnostic interviews. Validated questionnaires were used to assess the examined factors. Results1704 cases fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for an FSD according to questionnaires or interviews in the DanFunD study. In participants fulfilling the diagnostic criteria, having previously received an FSS diagnosis by a physician was strongly associated with female sex, negative illness perceptions and poor health-related quality of life for questionnaire and interview-based diagnoses. Less consistent associations were observed for lower socioeconomic status, anxiety, and adverse life events. ConclusionPreviously received FSS diagnoses showed associations with multiple factors with a particular strong association with female sex and poor health related quality of life.

Patterns and prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among individuals with rheumatoid arthritis

ObjectivesRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and potential joint damage. Patients with RA are at high risk of developing psychiatric morbidity; it is important to recognize these psychiatric manifestations. The relationship between psychiatric symptoms and RA is complex and can involve various factors, including the impact of chronic pain, inflammation, medications, and the overall burden of managing a chronic illness. Aim of the study was to systematically investigate and analyze the patterns and prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among individuals diagnosed with RA, with the aim of identifying common mental health conditions, understanding the interplay between RA and psychiatric disorders, and providing valuable insights for improved holistic patient care.Material and methodsThis was a prospective, observational cross-sectional study conducted over a period of three years in patients with RA. Psychiatric morbidity was assessed using International Classification of Diseases-10 criteria and Mini-Plus by dedicated psychiatrists. The diagnosis of RA was confirmed using the 2010 American College of Rheumatology/European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology (ACR/EULAR) diagnostic criteria for RA and the disease activity was calculated by Disease Activity Score with 28-joint count (DAS28) using the calculator from the RheumaHelper application. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 23.0.ResultsA total of 1,000 patients with RA were included in this study. Nearly two-thirds of the patients were female (64.8%). The majority of patients belonged to the age group of 41 to 54 years. Total 47.5% of the patients were unemployed, 27.0% were salaried, 19.0% were businessman, while 6.5% of the patients were students. More than half of the patients (53.2%) had moderate disease activity. Major depressive disorder was the most commonly observed comorbidity (41.0%), followed by somatoform disorder (28.5%), and generalized anxiety disorder was found in 13.5%. No psychiatric manifestations were found in 17% of studied individuals.ConclusionsPsychiatric morbidity is associated with RA and there is a need for psychiatric services to be made available to these patients.

Psychosomatic Disorder

Abstract: The word psychosomatics comes from the Greek word “psyche (mind) and “soma” (body) psychosomatic illness is on illness that affects the mind And body in some case mentl and emotions disorders can increases many studies have shown that chronic diseases . mouth burns etc. Psychosomatic disorder include physical and mental disorders. The physical symptoms of the diseases are caused by mental or emotional problems if often lead to stress , anixiety ,and depression when menatal disorder are not recognized ,physical pain wil occure due to hystriea although oral and paraoral patterns indicate psychosomatic disorders . The term psychosomatic diseases ,oral diseases , stress etc .relevent articles were selected and filtrated from the database using .

Study of Patients in a Private Psychiatric Unit in Eastern India

Mental illness is an important cause of morbidity, mortality and poor quality of life. In this study analysis of diagnostic distribution with respect to age, sex, and other parameters and comparison with other studies done. It is a descriptive study, done in a Private Psychiatric Clinic near Kolkata. Time period was 2 yrs (from 1st January 2018 to 31st December 2019). ICD10 is primarily used as diagnostic tool but for purpose of patient management and community need, diagnosis according to symptoms (headache, osteoarthritis, neuropathy etc) used. Data were analyzed and tabulated. Total number of patients visited during study period is 3000 . Among them 1081(36.01%) patients are male, 1919(63.99%) are female. Majority of the patients are in the age group of 20-50 years. Among the patients majority are from Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), Phobiaand Somatoform Disorder (42.4%) whereas Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) consists of 22.6%, Bipolar Affective Disorder( BPAD)- 6.5%, Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders- 10.2 %, Dementia- 3. 5%.

A case of NMDAR Encephalitis with muscular pain as the main presentation

BackgroundPersistent somatoform pain disorder (PSPD) is often the initial diagnosis in patients seeking treatment in psychiatric departments, making it challenging to consider organic nervous system diseases. However, autoimmune encephalitis can present with atypical initial symptoms, leading to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. Lumbar puncture, with antibody support, plays a crucial role in diagnosing autoimmune encephalitis.Case presentationThis report describes a 40-year-old male adult patient who was initially diagnosed with persistent somatoform pain disorder in 2022. The patient reported a reduction in pain while resting on his back. There were no fever or relevant medical history. Despite 8 months of symptomatic treatment, the symptoms did not improve. Moreover, the patient developed confusion, gibberish speech, non-cooperation during questioning, and increased frequency and amplitude of upper limb convulsions. Lumbar puncture revealed elevated protein levels and protein-cell dissociation. The autoimmune encephalitis antibody NMDAR (+) was detected, leading to a diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis (NMDAR).ConclusionAutoimmune encephalitis (NMDAR), starting with persistent somatoform pain (PSPD), often presents with atypical symptoms and can be easily misdiagnosed. Therefore, it is important to consider the possibility of organic nervous system disease in time, and to test serum or cerebrospinal fluid antibodies to rule out organic nervous system disease after symptomatic treatment of mental disorders is ineffective. This approach facilitates the early diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis and other underlying organic neurological disorders.

Mental health of residents of radioactively contaminated territories of the Chelyabinsk region in the late period after the resettlement

In case of radiation accidents, one of the radical protective measures is the evacuation of residents from contaminated areas. Its purpose is to reduce the possible radiation effect to the population. At the same time, evacuation itself becomes a serious stressful factor that has a negative impact on a person’s health and mental status. The objective of this work is to assess the state of mental health of residents of the Muslyumovo settlement in the Chelyabinsk region (the territory exposed to radioactive contamination as a result of radioactive waste releases into the Techa River) who participated in the resettlement program in the period from 2006 to 2010. Mental health was assessed twice: primarily in 2008-2010 against the background of resettlement, and again in 2019-2020, 10 or more years after the resettlement. The study includes 2 groups formed by random selection. The main group consisted of 100 persons from among the participants of the resettlement program. The comparison group included 80 persons living in the territories exposed to radioactive contamination, but not participating in the resettlement program. According to the main socio-hygienic characteristics, the groups are homogeneous and comparable. The following methods were used: clinical, clinical and psychological, and the method of statistical processing of materials. As a result, it was found that both in the primary and in the repeated study, residents of the Muslyumovo settlement, Chelyabinsk region, participating in the resettlement program, were statistically significantly more likely (p&lt;0.001) to have mental disorders and behavioral disorders (neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders (F 40)), compared with the control group. Also, according to the results of the survey, statistically significantly more often the psychogenic effect of resettlement (p≤0.001) was detected in patients of the main group. The data obtained suggest a long-term effect of resettlement on the mental health of the population involved. Understanding the consequences of the protective measures carried out (resettlement) will clarify the criteria for their application, as well as predict the manifestations of mental maladaptation in the population with the potential development of radiation accidents.

Neuropsychocorrection of stress disorders

The article highlights a novel method of psychotherapy, which has a wide range of indications, including pre-nosological manifestations of emotional deficiency, depression, stress disorders of various origins and associated neurotic disorders, personality, behavioral, psychosomatic, and addictive disorders, food addiction (anorexia nervosa and bulimia), psychoactive substance dependence (alcoholism, drug addiction, substance abuse, smoking), psychological dependence in relation to individuals, as well as bad habits and any other disorders associated with psychogenic factors. We applied neuropsychocorrection as part of a complex of traditional resort treatment (study group) and observed patients in the control group who received only resort treatment. The main indicators when selecting individuals for the study were a high level of anxiety, low mood, emThe statistical data obtained as a result of the study based on the analysis of the dynamics of complaints after the course of neuropsychocorrection indicate a more pronounced stabilization of the psycho-emotional state, a decrease in emotional tension, normalization of sleep, a decrease in the level of anxiety, enhancement in interpersonal relationships, and improvement and stability of mood.otional tension, increased sensitivity to external stimuli, and somatization disorders.