This article is devoted to the study of the processes of digitalization of rocket and space industry enterprises in the conditions of the new industrial revolution. The work provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of advanced digital solutions at various stages of the product life cycle, their advantages and disadvantages. The successful practices of leading enterprises in the rocket and space industry and their impact on the efficiency, quality and competitiveness of the industry are considered. The driving directions of digitalization of certain areas of activity of the enterprises under study, the degree of their viability and resistance to the challenges of new industrialization have been identified. The results of the study indicate the excessive closedness of enterprises in the rocket and space industry and the redundancy of their government regulation, which slow down the processes of diffusion of digital solutions. It has been established that strengthening Russia’s technological leadership in the space sector is possible through the sovereignty of industrial and breakthrough solutions in the digitalization of rocket and space industry enterprises.