Solution Of Variational Problem Research Articles

Linguacodus: a synergistic framework for transformative code generation in machine learning pipelines

In the ever-evolving landscape of machine learning, seamless translation of natural language descriptions into executable code remains a formidable challenge. This article introduces Linguacodus, an innovative framework designed to tackle this challenge by deploying a dynamic pipeline that iteratively transforms natural language task descriptions into code through high-level data-shaping instructions. The core of Linguacodus is a fine-tuned large language model, empowered to evaluate diverse solutions for various problems and select the most fitting one for a given task. This article details the fine-tuning process and sheds light on how natural language descriptions can be translated into functional code. Linguacodus represents a substantial leap towards automated code generation, effectively bridging the gap between task descriptions and executable code. It holds great promise for advancing machine learning applications across diverse domains. Additionally, we propose an algorithm capable of transforming a natural description of an ML task into code with minimal human interaction. In extensive experiments on a vast machine learning code dataset originating from Kaggle, we showcase the effectiveness of Linguacodus. The investigations highlight its potential applications across diverse domains, emphasizing its impact on applied machine learning in various scientific fields.

Computer simulations of soft matter. On 60-th anniversary of Jaroslav Ilnytskyi

This special issue Condensed Matter Physics, entitled "Computer Simulations of Soft Matter" is dedicated to Jaroslav Ilnytskyi on the occasion of his 60-th birthday. Prof. J. Ilnytskyi is one of scientific leaders of the Institute for Condensed Matter Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), who iswell known for his contributions to the theory and computer simulation studies of polymer fluids, liquid crystals, macromolecular and colloid solutions. Versatility of Jaroslav works is due to his excellent background commonly resulting in original ideas, his feeling and ability to choose and apply appropriate methods for the solution of various problems. Finally, Jaroslav works are distinguished by the profound analyses of either theoretical or simulation results with respect to experimental observations frequently complemented by the discussion of possible applications.

Analysis of the Application of BIM Technology in the Quality Management of Assembly Type Residential Construction Project

The rapid development of China's information technology and our various industries, the development of China's construction industry is also very fast. At present, there is a large space for improvement in the quality management of assembly building projects, and it is of great significance to build a set of quality management system to meet the construction of assembly building projects, which is important for the smooth and rapid development of assembly building. The core idea of BIM technology lies in the management of informationization by transforming the physical construction works into informationized models. During the continuous development of China's modern construction industry, it has objectively promoted the optimization and improvement of technical processes in the engineering field, especially under the background of information technology, and has also derived more advanced technologies. BIM technology is an important technology in the construction field. In the process of applying BIM technology to assembled buildings, it can be effectively modeled according to the building situation, and then the problems existing in the project can be analyzed and refined, so as to accelerate the solution of various problems and ensure the safety and stability of the project. This paper addresses the shortcomings of quality management of assembly construction projects, relies on the advantages of BIM technology in informatization and synergization, explores its application in the quality management of assembly construction projects, and evaluates its application effect, with a view to providing a reference for other similar projects relying on BIM technology for quality management, and further promoting the development of China's assembly construction.

Preserving Differential Privacy in Deep Learning Based on Feature Relevance Region Segmentation

In the era of Big Data, deep learning techniques provide intelligent solutions for various problems in real-life scenarios. However, deep neural networks depend on large-scale datasets including sensitive data, which causes the potential risk of privacy leakage. In addition, various constantly evolving attack methods are also threatening the data security in deep learning models. Protecting data privacy effectively at a lower cost has become an urgent challenge. This paper proposes an Adaptive Feature Relevance Region Segmentation (AFRRS) mechanism to provide differential privacy preservation. The core idea is to divide the input features into different regions with different relevance according to the relevance between input features and the model output. Less noise is intentionally injected into the region with stronger relevance, and more noise is injected into the regions with weaker relevance. Furthermore, we perturb loss functions by injecting noise into the polynomial coefficients of the expansion of the objective function to protect the privacy of data labels. Theoretical analysis and experiments have shown that the proposed AFRRS mechanism can not only provide strong privacy preservation for the deep learning model, but also maintain the good utility of the model under a given moderate privacy budget compared with existing methods.

ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ: ДРАЙВЕР ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ИЛИ ГЕНЕРАТОР ПРОБЛЕМ И УГРОЗ?

The article examines the problems of the development of artificial intelligence at the pre-sent stage and emphasizes the need to develop scientific research in all areas of intelligence: human, biological and artificial. The purpose of the study is to identify the main problems and limitations of the current level of artificial intelligence development. The relevance of the problem under consid-eration lies in the fact that the work analyzes a set of problems that determine the factors of the development and use of artificial intelligence, since the idea of artificial intelligence arose among people relatively recently and this understanding is rapidly developing. The term “artificial intelli-gence” was proposed by John McCarthy in 1956 at Dortmund College at aconference on the “mecha-nization of intelligence”. Changes in society related to the development of AI have been happening and are happening constantly and, judging by the basis on which AI is developing, will never stop, since its development is completely based on the capabilities of the human mind, and we cannot determine its potential even approximately. Currently, AI is penetrating almost all areas of human activity and will dominate them. The future of AI is limitless and depends only on its creators and users. The transformations that the use of artificial intelligence brings often radically change our daily lives and relationships. The ongoing changes contain both undoubted significant positive ef-fects that greatly facilitate the solution of various problems, as well as pitfalls that manifest them-selves in various aspects: starting from imperfections of applied technical solutions and ending in ethical and social areas, which result not only in current technical, technological, and social prob-lems, but also potentially significant threats that pose the danger of human existence itself. The article shows that there is a need to clarify some concepts of AI, to determine the direction of AI development. Research in the work has shown that developments are conducted mainly in the field of “weak” artificial intelligence. They are mainly focused on commercialization and early implemen-tation of practical results. In this regard, the authors note the need to strengthen fundamental and exploratory research on the properties of intelligence and the creation of scientific foundations for the practical implementation of “strong” AI systems. In the long run, AI, as a tool for optimizing and accelerating various processes, has a future that promises its maximum possible use and develop-ment in attempts to achieve, and eventually try to surpass human intelligence. In this regard, it is necessary to provide for possible positive and negative consequences, to determine the boundaries and direction of the use of artificialintelligence so that people do not become victims of unsuccess-ful developments, and humanity can benefit from this invention.

IoT and Cloud Based Automated Pothole Detection Model Using Extreme Gradient Boosting with Texture Descriptors

One of crucial activity related to road monitoring and maintenance is the occurrence of potholes. These potholes are also be major reason of road accidents, damaging of vehicles, discomfort of passenger journey and extensive in terms of time and cost. But, identification of potholes can significantly alleviate the aforementioned issues. Other side, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a crucial role in different applications, and provides viable and state of art solutions for variety of problems. Hence, the aim of this work is to develop a real time automated pothole detection model to detect the potholes in asphalt roads based on IoT devices.The proposed model comprises of three main components such as collection of pothole data and labeling, image pre-processing and texture feature extraction, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm. The potholes data on asphalt road is collected by three IoT sensors such as accelerometer, ultrasonic sensor, and GPS and further, the collected data is transmitted on cloud via Wi-Fi module. The texture features are extracted using Gaussian steerable and median filters. The extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) classifier is adopted for prediction task. The simulation results showed that proposed XGBoost model obtains higher accuracy, recall, precision and F1-score rates as 94.56, 97.41, 96.40, and 96.90 respectively using 10-cross fold validation method.

Using the Dynamic Programming Method to Determine the Optimal Decision

The most important problem facing any administration is making the appropriate decision to obtain lower costs, so the aim of this research is to find the ideal strategy for establishing electric power stations in Iraq because of its great importance in all aspects of life, with the adoption of one of the branches of the task of applied mathematics, which is programming dynamism While researchers use it to find optimal solutions for various problems. The principles of dynamic programming and how to use them in solving the research problem were discussed and analyzed by dividing the completion time of the project into successive periods of time, and dividing the project into five phases to be contracted by the entity that processed the electrical units and all other requirements for the procurement phase of the project, and the second phase is Allocating appropriate places for the project, and the third stage is preparing suitable places for establishing basic buildings and warehouses suitable for the project. Implementation of the project, the stage of shipment, transfer of supplies to the warehouses designated for the project, and the final stage, completing the installation of electrical units and connecting them to the main national network, and all these stages include partial stages (according to the opposite pattern, respectively)

New thyroid scintigraphy datasets: Construction and benchmark assessment in diagnosis of residual thyroid tissue

Thyroid scintigraphy, a type of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging technique that uses radioactive isotopes to capture images of the thyroid gland, helps detect thyroid abnormalities and diagnosing thyroid cancer. A promising research direction for machine learning applications to assist in diagnosis. Most algorithms for detecting and predicting uptake in the thyroid region rely on proprietary or published datasets with unspecified information. This makes comparing the performance among different methods and developing solutions for various problems challenging. To address this issue, we have constructed two standardized datasets of thyroid scintigraphy images for identifying and quantifying the depth. The purpose of designing the models is to establish a benchmark assessment for developing CADx models on the datasets in the future.

Теория нагружения синтетических рыболовных материалов

An important task of mechanics of synthetic fishing twisted rope and string products and braided cords is to create a fundamental basis for describing their fracture processes during deformation in operation, i.e. to develop a framework for fracture mechanics (building models and algorithms for calculating structures and technological processes at large plastic deformations, taking into account fracture). There is considered the necessity of developing and introducing the simple and at the same time effective criteria of destruction, allowing to estimate reliably the conditions of safe operation of twisted rope and string products, threaded products and braided cords and especially the structures of industrial fishing gear. Determination of stress concentrations, is an obvious task in connection with the creation of new fishing trawls, purse seines and grips with complex shape-changing geometry. This problem is actual for many branches of industry, including transport and machine-building, where at the designing stage it is necessary to take into account possible emergency situations caused by intensive dynamic effects in twisted rope and string, threaded products and braided cords. Components and structures of twisted rope and string products, threaded products and braided cords should withstand the specified loads in a wide range of loading rates. In particular, the theory allows to solve nonlinear problems, taking into account changes in geometry of deformable twisted rope and string products, threaded products and braided cords, as well as to obtain analytical solutions of various problems.

“Wohlstand, Bildung und Freiheit für Alle.” The Idea of Human Rights in the View of Gustav Struve as an Example of Radical German Political and Legal Thought during the Springtime of Nations

The Springtime of Nations in Germany is mostly associated with the views of various moderate liberals who played leading roles during these revolutionary events. The case is different when it comes to the members of the most radical wing within the liberal movement, the so-called “democrats.” Their ideas are described far less frequently. The article presented analyzes the idea of human rights in the view of Gustav Struve – one of the most important figures in the German democratic movement. During the German Springtime of Nations, the notion of human rights was one of the most frequently discussed but also variably understood problems. G. Struve’s views regarding this question refer not only to the idea of human rights, they also form a kind of political manifesto including solutions for various problems encountered by average citizens along with suggestions concerning an equitable structure of the social order. These postulates were revolutionary and radical but often incoherent. Thus, they fit well into the characteristics of the whole German democratic movement in the first half of the 19th century, which was seen as an unpopular, unsystematic, eclectic and immature phenomenon. The article first describes G. Struve’s life in the context of various events of the German Springtime of Nations. Subsequently, it analyzes the notion of the human being, his functioning in the social community and the definition of his rights. The article ends with an analysis of the material content of the concept of human rights in the view of the described German radical.

Solution of Linear Volterra Integral Equation of Second Kind via Rishi Transform

The solution of various problems of engineering and science can easily determined by representing these problems in integral equations. There are numerous analytical and numerical methods which can be used for solving different kinds of integral equations. In this paper, authors used recently developed integral transform “Rishi Transform” for obtaining the analytical solution of linear Volterra integral equation of second kind (LVIESK). For this, the kernel of LVIESK has assumed a convolution type kernel. Five numerical examples are considered for demonstrating the complete procedure of determining the solution. Results of these problems suggest that Rishi transform provides the exact analytical solution of LVIESK without doing complicated calculation work.

„Wohlstand, Bildung und Freiheit für Alle”. Idea praw człowieka w poglądach Gustava Struvego jako przykład radykalnej demokratycznej niemieckiej myśli polityczno-prawnej doby Wiosny Ludów

„Wohlstand, Bildung und Freiheit für Alle”. The Idea of Human Rights in the Views of Gustav Struve as an Example of Radical German Political and Legal Thought during the Springtime of Nations The Springtime of Nations in Germany is mostly associated with the views of various moderate liber- als, who played leading roles during these revolutionary events. The case is different when it comes to the members of the most radical wing within the liberal movement, the so called “democrats”. Their ideas are described far less frequently. The article presented analyzes the idea of human rights in the views of Gustav Struve – one of the most important figures in the German democratic movement. During the German Springtime of Nations, the notion of human rights was one of the most frequently discussed but also variably understood problems. Struve’s views regarding this question refer not only to the idea of human rights, they also form a kind of political manifesto including solutions for various problems encountered by average citizens along with suggestions concerning an equitable structure of thesocial order. These postulates were revolutionary and radical, but often incoherent. Hence they fit well into the characteristics of the whole German democratic movement in the first half of the 19th century, which was seen as an unpopular, unsystematic, eclectic, and immature phenomenon. The ar- ticle first describes Struve’s life in the context of various events of the German Springtime of Nations. Subsequently, it analyzes the notion of the human being, his functioning in the social community, and the definition of his rights. The article ends with an analysis of the material content of the concept of human rights in the views of the described German radical.

THE DEVELOPING OF BUSY BOOK MEDIA FOR LEARNING PROCESS: IMPLEMENTING STUDY IN PRIMARY SCHOOL

Interviews with SD Negeri 16 Banda Aceh class teachers revealed that the learning media used in grade I primary schools were less varied, less interesting, and the use of busy book media had never been used for students' speaking skills, with the development of busy book media expected to produce instructional media that were interesting and fun as well as being a solution for various problems in the learning process. Based on this case, the Busy Book media can be said to be valid used in the learning process ss in the first grade of elementary school. This has led researchers to conduct research under the title "Development of Busy Book Learning Media on Speaking Skills of Class I Students in SD Negeri 16 Banda Aceh. The formulation of the problem in this study y is: how to develop a valid Busy Book learning. media used for learning speaking skills of first grade students of SD Negeri 16 Banda Aceh? This study aims to produce a valid busy book learning media used for learning the speaking skills of grade 1 student at SD Negeri 16 Banda Aceh. This research is included in research and development (R&D). This study adapted the development procedure from Thiagarajan, a 4D (four-D) device development model. Data collection techniques used by researchers are questionnai re questionnaires for media experts, namely from the aspect of content, graphics and depth of the media. Research data were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques. The results of the study in the form of validator 1 assessment results get an avera ge value of 3.9 validity and the assessment category is "Valid used". validator 2 assessment results get an average value of 3.6 and the assessment category is "Valid used". and validator 3 obtained an average value of 4.03 and the assessment category was "Valid used. Thus, the Busy Book media can be said to be valid to be used for learning the speaking skills of grade 1 students at SD Negeri 16 Banda Aceh.

Cравнительный анализ радиопоглощающих покрытий

The development of information technologies necessitates the solution of various problems of information security. Physical means of protecting information processed by computer objects include radio-absorbing materials. They prevent the interception of information on electromagnetic radiation and interference in power supply and grounding lines. The general requirements for radar absorbent coatings are: a high level of attenuation of the reflected signal, a wide frequency range of operation and the cost-effectiveness of the structure during its manufacture and operation. The ability of a material to absorb high-frequency radiation depends on its composition and structure. The materials are quite diverse in their design and structure, and yet there are averaged performance indicators for the most established RPM groups. However, not every material can maintain performance under harsh external application conditions. The paper develops criteria for comparing the following radio-absorbing coatings: conductive paint (Shielding coating) with water-based silver Water Based Silver Conductive Coating MG Chemicals 842WB Super Shield™; Water Based Silver Coated Copper Conductive Coating MG Chemicals 843WB Super Shield™; Water Based Nickel Conductive Coating MG Chemicals 841WB Super Shield™. Their properties and advantages were investigated, and their comparative analysis was carried out on the basis of the selected criteria.

Importance of girl’s education for Sustainable Development

Educating a boy is educating a man, whereas educating a girl is the same as educating a nation. This statement is completely true. Many surveys and studies around the world show that educating women is most beneficial in terms of children's health, community well-being, and building long-term success for developing countries. Education is a whole world of opportunities for a girl to find her own solutions to various problems related to her life. Through education, she finds herself the solution of various problems related to her life like being financially dependent, deciding the meaning of her independence, choosing better and right options for life, satisfactory solution to the problems related to or related to family or social issues. Finding, and most importantly standing up for your rights, reducing the crimes against you and guiding your children to the future, making them self-confident.

Computational Neural Dynamics Model for Time-Variant Constrained Nonlinear Optimization Applied to Winner-Take-All Operation

Although time-variant nonlinear optimization with equality and inequality constraints (TVNOEIC) is a widespread problem in real life, the research on this issue is much less than the time-invariant one. Large lagging errors may not be inevitable if the traditional models designed for time-invariant optimizations are exploited to time-variant ones. To eliminate the lagging errors, models for handling time-variant optimization problems are urgently required. Recently, neural networks and the related neural dynamics approaches have witnessed rapid developments and made significant contributions to the online solution of various problems. On this basis, a noise-suppressing discrete-time neural dynamics (NSDTND) model is proposed in this article for solving the TVNOEIC problem. Theoretical analysis is presented to prove that the residual error of the proposed model is tiny enough to estimate the actual solution even in the presence of noise perturbation. In addition, numerical simulations, including an application on winner-take-all operation, are provided to further demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed NSDTND model.

‘Everything is data’: towards one big data ecosystem using multiple sources of data on higher education in Indonesia

Big data is increasingly being promoted as a game changer for the future of science, as the volume of data has exploded in recent years. Big data characterized, among others, the data comes from multiple sources, multi-format, comply to 5-V’s in nature (value, volume, velocity, variety, and veracity). Big data also constitutes structured data, semi-structured data, and unstructured-data. These characteristics of big data formed “big data ecosystem” that have various active nodes involved. Regardless such complex characteristics of big data, the studies show that there exists inherent structure that can be very useful to provide meaningful solutions for various problems. One of the problems is anticipating proper action to students’ achievement. It is common practice that lecturer treat his/her class with “one-size-fits-all” policy and strategy. Whilst, the degree of students’ understanding, due to several factors, may not the same. Furthermore, it is often too late to take action to rescue the student’s achievement in trouble. This study attempted to gather all possible features involved from multiple data sources: national education databases, reports, webpages and so forth. The multiple data sources comprise data on undergraduate students from 13 provinces in Indonesia, including students’ academic histories, demographic profiles and socioeconomic backgrounds and institutional information (i.e. level of accreditation, programmes of study, type of university, geographical location). Gathered data is furthermore preprocessed using various techniques to overcome missing value, data categorisation, data consistency, data quality assurance, to produce relatively clean and sound big dataset. Principal component analysis (PCA) is employed in order to reduce dimensions of big dataset and furthermore use K-Means methods to reveal clusters (inherent structure) that may occur in that big dataset. There are 7 clusters suggested by K-Means analysis: 1. very low-risk students, 2. low-risk students, 3. moderate-risk students, 4. fluctuating-risk students, 5. high risk students, 6. very high-risk students and, 7. fail students. Among the clusters unreveal, (1) a gap between public universities and private universities across the three regions in Indonesia, (2) a gap between STEM and non-STEM programmes of study, (3) a gap between rural versus urban, (4) a gap of accreditation status, (5) a gap of quality human resources distribution, etc. Further study, we will use the characteristics of each cluster to predict students’ achievement based on students’ profiles, and provide solutions and interventions strategies for students to improve their likely success.

Актуализация оценки результатов деятельности предприятия на основе использования экономико-математических методов

The digital transformation of the economy allows an enterprise to respond to constant changes in the market situation and to be competitive. Such a comprehensive fundamental change requires a complete revision of the tool of economic analysis of enterprise performance. Assessment of the economic performance of an enterprise is a prerequisite for competitiveness. In the conditions of digital transformation of the economy the purpose of efficiency growth of the enterprise becomes the search for internal reserves of growth of activity results. The analysis of business performance includes: study of changes in each indicator for the period under analysis; study of the structure of indicators and their changes; study of financial performance in dynamics; identification of causes of changes in indicators. Until recently, economic analysis mainly used mathematical models describing the phenomenon under analysis using equations, inequalities, functions and other mathematical tools. Today, economic and mathematical methods are becoming an important tool for economic analysis, which helps in making optimal management decisions and contributes to the solution of various problems of a complex nature. Economic and mathematical methods are a synthesis of economic, mathematical and statistical approaches to the analysis. Economics and mathematical methods include: methods of elementary mathematics, classical methods of mathematical analysis, econometric methods, methods of operations research, heuristic methods, methods of mathematical statistics, methods of mathematical programming, methods of economic cybernetics, and mathematical theory of optimum processes. Application of economic and mathematical methods can significantly improve the analysis effectiveness of an enterprise, ensures high accuracy of the result when optimizing time costs, allows you to expand the range of tasks. Wide application of mathematical methods is one of the important directions in the field of improvement of economic analysis of enterprise activity. Economic and mathematical modeling can be widely used for planning and forecasting of enterprise activities.

ОСНОВНІ ПОЛОЖЕННЯ КОНЦЕПЦІЇ СТВОРЕННЯ БЕЗПІЛОТНОЇ АВІАЦІЙНОЇ ТРАНСПОРТНОЇ СИСТЕМИ

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles is at an early stage, which is characterized by a significant level of development of unmanned aerial vehicles and their elements, as well as the lack of grounds for the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in real technological processes. The resolution of this contradiction requires the solution of various problems of a conceptual, technical, technological, methodological, organizational, legal and regulatory nature.The use of an unmanned aviation transport system helps to avoid the traditional mistakes that arise during the manned use of aviation technology, eliminating the human factor, helps to accelerate the delivery of goods, reduces the amount of inventory of goods and materials, and increases the productivity and efficiency of transportation.In general, today the use of unmanned aircraft systems in the civilian industry is practically limited to special cases of local applications in favor of solving current industrial or economic problems, mainly through an experimental procedure. Consequently, the market for unmanned aerial systems is expected to grow, which will overcome a number of technical and administrative barriers that restrict the use of unmanned aerial systems in national airspace. It should be noted the increasing spread of unmanned systems in public transport.The purpose of this work was to assess the main provisions of the concept of creating an unmanned aviation transport system from the point of view of aerodynamics, in terms of weight perfection, in terms of strength, in control, in aircraft systems, in electronics, in operational manufacturability, reliability and safety, and to show that such cargo drones will competitive with large manned commercial cargo planes and road transport.This research was motivated by the growing worldwide interest in unmanned cargo aircraft. It focused in particular on improving cargo drones over existing conventional general aviation aircraft, and this should be seen as a preliminary step towards a comprehensive assessment of unmanned cargo transport systems.

An Improved Version of Residual Power Series Method for Space-Time Fractional Problems

The task of present research is to establish an enhanced version of residual power series (RPS) technique for the approximate solutions of linear and nonlinear space-time fractional problems with Dirichlet boundary conditions by introducing new parameter λ . The parameter λ allows us to establish the best numerical solutions for space-time fractional differential equations (STFDE). Since each problem has different Dirichlet boundary conditions, the best choice of the parameter λ depends on the problem. This is the major contribution of this research. The illustrated examples also show that the best approximate solutions of various problems are constructed for distinct values of parameter λ . Moreover, the efficiency and reliability of this technique are verified by the numerical examples.