MATLAB Solution Research Articles

Detection of Indian Counterfeit Currency Notes with MATLAB-Based Feature Extraction

Fakes are a major threat to India’s economy hence the need for a solution that will help detect these materials easily and accurately. The detection of counterfeit currency is a major concern for almost all countries, and this research focuses on developing a MATLAB-based counterfeit currency detection system which evaluates a true image of the Indian Currencies with the help of image processing and pattern recognition technique. Benefiting from MATLAB’s powerful image processing resources, the system conducts the necessary preprocessing, feature extraction and classification of vital security elements of currency, such as watermarks, security threads and micro-lettering which play an important role in identifying the genuine currency from the counterfeit. The specific characteristics of edge and texture are statistically and geometrically calculated, and the normal and high-resolution light conditions are at high accuracy with varying resolutions. In order to determine a distinction between actual and fake notes, support vector machine (SVM) classifiers are used. By validating this MATLAB solution, it has been determined to be effective as an easy to use, robust and customizable software that has the potential to work in numerous operations within banking and retail and prevent the spreading of counterfeit money.

Characterizing tensile and flexural properties of synthetic fibers-reinforced epoxy composite for foot prosthetic application

Materials have a direct and critical impact on the performance of prosthetic feet. This study investigates the mechanical properties of E-glass and hybrid (E-glass/carbon) epoxy composites for prosthetic foot applications. Using ANSYS FEA software, four stacking sequences were analyzed for tensile and flexural strength, with stacking configuration the SS-3 ([0c/90/45]s) demonstrating the highest performance. The numerical results were validated against analytical MATLAB solutions, showing excellent agreement. Compared to Homo-polymer-polypropylene, the composite prosthetic foot exhibits superior performance, with increased deformation resistance, energy storage capacity, safety factor, and stiffness, while reducing weight by 30.62 %. This study suggests a cost-effective and efficient method for developing lightweight and durable prosthetic feet that match the comfort and performance constraints of current HPP designs. The selected composite for prosthetic foot production was suggested due to its enhanced mechanical properties and improved functionality.

Optimization of thermal performance in ternary nanofluids dynamics on curved surface through employment of active and passive strategies

Improving thermal conductivity of heat transporting fluids is one of the most effective strategies to address practical challenges relating to optimization of heat energy. This novel study aims at employment of some active as well as passive strategies to investigate their engagement in maximizing energy transportation. The active strategies include addition of nanoparticles of three different metal oxides in the water to enhance its heat conductivity. The presence of gyrotactic microorganisms in ternary nanofluid is assumed to improve solubility. We have also considered nanometric phenomenon of Brownian motion and thermophoresis which were declared most effective in heat and mass transport by Buongiorno. Moreover, effects of magnetic force, thermal radiations, nonlinear heat source, activation energy, and chemical reaction are deliberated to estimate effects of their presence on temperature and rheology of ternary nanofluid flow. Apart from said active strategies to control heat and mass flow rate, curvature of curved surface and porous media has been employed to determine their efficacy as passive controls, particularly on ternary nanofluid flow on curved surface. The modeled equations are solved numerically by MATLAB bvp4c package and solution is validated by comparison of acquired results with those already published in literature. The obtained results are discussed in details by providing physical explanations of rheological and thermal behavior of flow. The study concludes that combination of active and passive control strategies can be effectively utilized to improve overall rheological behavior and thermal performance of ternary nanofluid. This study contributes in better understanding of heat and mass transport in ternary nanofluid dynamics with active and passive control strategies promoting advances in research at intersection of these fields having wide range real-life applications and implications.

Solution of First Order Ordinary Differential Equations Using Fourth Order Runge-Kutta Method with MATLAB.

Differential Equations are used in developing models in the physical sciences, engineering, mathematics, social science, environmental sciences, medical sciences and other numerous fields. This article examined solution of first ordinary differential equation using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with MATLAB. The fourth order Runge-Kutta method for modelling differential equations improves upon the Euler’s method to obtain a greater accuracy without the necessity for higher-order derivatives of the given function. A first order differential equation was solved using fourth order Runge-Kutta method with MATLAB and the same problem was solved analytically in order to obtain the exact solution. The MATLAB commands match up quickly with the steps of the fourth order Runge-Kutta algorithm. Slight variation of the MATLAB code was used to show the effect of the size of h on the accuracy of the solution (see figure 4.1, 4.2, 4.3).The MATLAB and exact solutions are approximately equal though the MATLAB approach is easier and faster. The obtained results are in agreement with those in existing literature and improved the results obtained by [1]

Computation of stagnation coating flow of electro-conductive ternary Williamson hybrid mathrm{GO}-mathrm{AU}-{mathrm{Co}}_{3}{mathrm{O}}_{4}/mathrm{EO} nanofluid with a Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model and magnetic induction

Modern smart coating systems are increasingly exploiting functional materials which combine multiple features including rheology, electromagnetic properties and nanotechnological capabilities and provide a range of advantages in diverse operations including medical, energy and transport designs (aerospace, marine, automotive). The simulation of the industrial synthesis of these multi-faceted coatings (including stagnation flow deposition processes) requires advanced mathematical models which can address multiple effects simultaneously. Inspired by these requests, this study investigates the interconnected magnetohydrodynamic non-Newtonian movement and thermal transfer in the Hiemenz plane's stagnation flow. Additionally, it explores the application of a transverse static magnetic field to a ternary hybrid nanofluid coating through theoretical and numerical analysis. The base fluid (polymeric) considered is engine-oil (EO) doped with graphene left(GOright), gold left(Auright) and Cobalt oxide left(C{o}_{3}{O}_{4}right) nanoparticles. The model includes the integration of non-linear radiation, heat source, convective wall heating, and magnetic induction effects. For non-Newtonian characteristics, the Williamson model is utilized, while the Rosseland diffusion flux model is used for radiative transfer. Additionally, a non-Fourier Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model is utilized to include thermal relaxation effects. The governing partial differential conservation equations for mass, momentum, energy and magnetic induction are rendered into a system of coupled self-similar and non-linear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with boundary restrictions using appropriate scaling transformations. The dimensionless boundary value problem that arises is solved using the bvp4c built-in function in MATLAB software, which employs the fourth-order Runge–Kutta (RK-4) method. An extensive examination is conducted to evaluate the impact of essential control parameters on the velocity f{^{prime}}left(zeta right), induced magnetic field stream function gradient g{^{prime}}left(zeta right) and temperature theta left(zeta right) is conducted. The relative performance of ternary, hybrid binary and unitary nanofluids for all transport characteristics is evaluated. The inclusion of verification of the MATLAB solutions with prior studies is incorporated. Fluid velocity is observed to be minimized for the ternary mathrm{GO}–mathrm{Au}–{mathrm{Co}}_{3}{mathrm{O}}_{4} nanofluid whereas the velocity is maximized for the unitary cobalt oxide left({mathrm{Co}}_{3}{mathrm{O}}_{4}right) nanofluid with increasing magnetic parameter (beta ). Temperatures are elevated with increment in thermal radiation parameter (Rd). Streamlines are strongly modified in local regions with greater viscoelasticity i.e. higher Weissenberg number (We). Dimensionless skin friction is significantly greater for the ternary hybrid GO–Au–C{o}_{3}{O}_{4}/EO nanofluid compared with binary hybrid or unitary nanofluid cases.

Estimation of roll damping parameters using Hermite wavelets: An operational matrix of derivative approach

The steady-state ship rolling motion in random beam seas with nonlinear damping and restoring moments are explored mathematically in this work. The Hermite Wavelet Method (HWM) is applied to estimate the parameters in ship roll models. We get the closed-form solutions for the roll angle, damping, and restoring moments using the HWM. Ship motion modeling based on fractional derivatives is also analyzed. The required solution of the governing equation is derived using the operational matrices of Hermite wavelet derivatives. Using operational derivative matrices with the appropriate collocation point, the nonlinear differential equations with boundary conditions are transformed into a system of algebraic equations. The proposed HWM solutions are compared with the results obtained from HPM and OHAM. For small parameter values k and M, the HWM results are much closer to the HPM, OHAM, and numerical MATLAB solutions. Moreover, using HWM is found to be a straightforward, flexible and simple method for solving nonlinear differential equations.

Analysis of Exoskeleton based on a Light Underactuated Hand

The number of stroke patients is increasing year by year, and the demand for rehabilitation medical equipment is also increasing. The number of stroke patients is increasing year by year, and the demand for rehabilitation medical machinery is also increasing. The hand exoskeleton machinery plays an indispensable role in the rehabilitation process. In the treatment, the hand exoskeleton machinery equipment needs to be convenient, easy to air, lightweight, and meet the needs of human hands. Robhand meets these requirements in design, but the rotation range of MCP joint and PIP joint of index finger can’t meet the needs of treatment. In this paper, the vector equations of the two loops are obtained through the kinematic modeling of Robhand and the kinematic analysis, and then the numerical solution is obtained by the numerical solution of MATLAB, that is, the Rotation angle of the mechanism φ Rotation angle with MCP joint αand PIP joint β.

Applications of Numerical Integrations on the Trapezoidal and Simpson's Methods to Analytical and MATLAB Solutions

Applied mathematics has become widely used among the computer engineering community and various sciences. Not only that, but accuracy and speed are now required. Numerical methods have been submitted to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of these methods by assigning them to a computer that previously been corrected in computer formats. This key feature makes the solution perfect and easy to used Simpson 1/3 and Simpson 3/8 are applied to the proposed equation. A trapezoidal method of fractional differential equations, solved using different numerical methods to demonstrate the accuracy of properties, was used. We dealt with many numerical algorithms. Below are decisions with written and unwritten differential equations. Generate error analysis and stability analysis for a high-resolution digital system. Research objectives: Turns out numerical solutions are very accurate near the exact solution. This paper aims to provide numerical calculations for different methods. The graph is compared with the computer literary graphs for clarity. Effectiveness of numerical algorithms used with exact solutions and profitable MATLAB solutions.

Numerical analysis for mechanical behaviour of beams made by composite and functionally graded materials

Functionally graded materials are important in laboratory and industry. These materials have opened a new area of research. These functionally graded materials can be produced as a result of composite material by the adding more materials to get desired properties to make it perfect for suitable applications. In this paper, the focus is on the modelling of functionally graded material that is developed to resist wear by any friction or erosion by any liquid. Cemented Carbide (WC) was selected as a composite material that is commonly used in industrial or lab. Before developing the model of functionally graded material (FGM), a detailed study has been carried out on the composite material using the finite element method to find a numerical solution and compared it to the exact one. The analytical solution was obtained by using MATLAB and numerical solution by ANSYS. Besides these software’s SolidWorks and SkyCIV programs were utilized for analysis and plotting purposes. At the end of the project, one layer titanium carbonitride (TiCN) was added to one face and the same layer was added to the four faces to make the comparison between the two cases to select the best model using the results of a total of deformation.

A quantitative approach for mathematical model of doping in high performance sport

Doping or administration of substances for purpose of improving the performances in various sport has a long history, even in the modern era to most common association of doping is connected to professional cycling. The usage of doping substances has become a major public health issue. Also, some abuse of doping substance was a major cause of death in some cases. As results of effort in fighting against doping, World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) coordinated the implementation of the athlete hematological passport, or more commonly athlete biological passport (ABP). The decision of doped or not doped based on biological markers is made using Bayesian inference. But the code of implementation and the code of software used in decisions is not available to the public, and as sequels there are also some approaches in research, as methods based on psychological questionaries. In this case, the statistical analysis using structural equation models offer a valuable tool for management of antidoping policies in order to reduce this phenomenon. Material and method. In this paper, a novel method is novel model for quantitative analysis of doping is proposed. The model doesn’t use the biological markers but the effect of this as declared doping persons in a quantitative analysis over a lot of high performance athletes. The model is based on nonlinear equations as result of compartmental model with quantitative time dependent evolution of them. Results and discussions. The model was implemented in MATLAB and numerical solutions were obtained using ODE (Ordinary Differential Equations) tool. The stability of model was analyzed using analogies with an epidemic SIRS compartmental model. The implementation uses a GUI (Graphical User Interface) that make the application user friendly. The fitting tools model is in stage of implementation and the parameter are finding out using a data collected and optimization tools (an objective function and genetic algorithms in order to prevent the phenomenon in a trapping minima). Conclusions. The result is very encouraging, the model fit 99.7% in preliminary set of data. The future development will include the fitting module and a set of results structured on various high-performance sports. Keywords: doping in sport, compartmental models, anti-doping policy, modeling and simulation, data fit-ting

Mathematical 3D Optimization GNU-Octave with Review of 2D/3D Critical Temperature Optimization Molecular Effect Model in High Temperature Superconductors Thallium Class [TC > 0°] and Superconducting Multifunctional Transmission Line Invent

GNU-Octave System software was designed to obtain 3D/2D Graphical Optimization for Molecular Effect Model (MEM) in [ Tl- Sn-Pb-Ba-Si-Mn-Mg-Cu-O ] High Temperature Superconductors (HTSCs) class [ exclusively for TC > 0° ]. The study results show two parts, namely, GNU-Octave 3D Graphical Optimization and 2D/3D MEM optimization review. Series of 2D MEM GNU-Octave graphs with increasing ILS polynomial degree are developed to demonstrate the equaling of the MEM for this HTSCs class. Comparisons to Matlab solutions from previous contributions were also presented. Results comprise Inverse Tikhonov Regularization algorithms and mathematical methods for this HTSCs class. Solutions prove Numerical/Graphical coincidence between MEM and experimental data is proven. ILS norm-residuals for MEM show be acceptable and low. Electronics Physics applications for Superconductors and HTSCs and optimal TC selection/constraints are explained. Invention of Superconducting Multifunctional Transmission Line is proposed [Casesnoves, 2021].

Thermal and solutal transport analysis of Blasius–Rayleigh–Stokes flow of hybrid nanofluid with convective boundary conditions

The main focus of the current investigation is to study the MHD bio-convection Blasius–Rayleigh–Stokes flow of hybrid nanofluid with Ag–MgO nanoparticles and water as a base fluid past a stretching sheet. The feature of transportation of heat and mass is scrutinized with the influence of Cattaneo–Christov theory and Stefan blowing. Furthermore, the impact of ablation/accretion, thermal radiation, melting heat, chemical reaction, and viscous dissipation effects with convective boundary conditions is also analyzed. By using similarity variables, the mathematical model is changed into the system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These systems of ODEs are tackled numerically by the mean of the Bvp4c Matlab solution technique. The graphical and tabulated analysis of the various parameters is presented to understand the problem. It is perceived that due to higher estimation of magnetic and volume fraction parameters the retardation impact takes place, therefore, the liquid velocity is enhanced. Further, the momentum boundary layer thickness and velocity of fluid are improved by growing estimation of the Stefan blowing parameter.

Phase-Unsynchronized Power Decoupling Control of MMC Based on Feedback Linearization

The traditional power decoupling control of modular multilevel converter (MMC) is based on the phase synchronization achieved by the phase-locked loop (PLL), and MMC intricate inner dynamics are ignored, which jeopardizes the system stability and power decoupling. To improve the performance, a nonlinear phase-unsynchronized power decoupling control for MMC is proposed without PLL. At first, the MMC model as a nonlinear multi-input multi-output system is developed. The developed model illustrates that the MMC power coupling is caused by the ac current as well as the MMC capacitor voltages. Then, through the input–output linearization method, the proposed method decouples the MMC output powers without the phase synchronization. Involving integral control, the dynamics of MMC output powers are designed as second-order systems so that the control parameters can be easily determined based on the required transient performance. To verify the accuracy and correctness of the developed model, a comparison of MMC dynamics with the proposed control is conducted between the numerical solution in MATLAB and the EMT simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC. Moreover, seven cases in the EMT simulations and four cases in the experimental results demonstrate the desired phase asynchronization and power decoupling performance of the proposed method compared with the conventional <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$dq$</tex-math></inline-formula> control. At last, the system zero dynamic stability is investigated and the influences of MMC control parameters, ac-side voltage, dc-side voltage and equilibrium points are analyzed to evaluate the stability performance of the proposed method.

Development of a Python tool based on model predictive control for an optimal management of the Calais canal

Model predictive control (MPC) has been widely employed to control a large variety of water systems, such as dams, irrigation canals, inland waterways, drinking water networks and wastewater treatment plants. Its predictive capabilities and the possibility to incorporate constraints make MPC well suited to address several, and sometimes opposite, management objectives linked to water systems. The design of MPC for water systems is usually performed via dedicated software (e.g., Matlab) and tested in simulation using dedicated hydraulic software. However, the implementation of MPC strategies in real systems requires additional development to allow for its embedding within the information systems that are used by system managers. A possible solution is to create a tool based on Python that can be easily integrated with the information systems of managers, and within which existing Matlab solutions can be incorporated. In this paper, the development a ready-to-use Python tool using a hierarchical MPC approach designed for the management of the Calais Canal is presented.

Optimal path selection of multimodal transport based on Ant Colony Algorithm

In the process of multimodal transport, the cost and time of transportation are particularly important. In order to avoid unreasonable container transportation and unnecessary waste of transportation capacity and transportation cost, we must effectively integrate the advantages of various transportation modes, select the most suitable transportation mode and the most reasonable transportation path, and take the minimum cost and time as the goal to ensure the smooth transportation of goods to the destination. Therefore, optimizing multimodal transport network has very important practical significance. This paper starts with the multimodal transport network under a single task, designs the solution method of the model combined with ant colony algorithm, and gives an example. Finally, the model and algorithm design are proved to be reasonable by using MATLAB solution algorithm.

Calculation of Maxwell’s Equations Using MATLAB

Maxwell’s equations describe electromagnetic Phenomena. This includes micro- , radio and radar waves .The Maxwell equations are discussed in more detail Faraday's and Amperes laws constitute a first - order hyperbolic system of equations .Matlab is one of the most famous mathematical programs in calculating mathematical problems .The aims of this study is to calculate Maxwell’s equations using Matlab .We followed the applied mathematical method by using Matlab .We found that the solution of Matlab is more accuracy and speed than the analytical solution.

FEATURES OF ANALYSIS OF MULTICHANNEL AUDIO SIGNALSFEATURES OF ANALYSIS OF MULTICHANNEL AUDIO SIGNALS

The rapid growth of audio content has led to the need to use tools for analysis and quality control of audio signals using software and hardware and modules. The fastest-growing industry is software and programming languages.The Python programming language today has the most operational and visual capabilities for working with sound. When developing programs for computational signal analysis, it provides the optimal balance of high and low-level programming functions. Compared to Matlab or other similar solutions, Python is free and allows you to create standalone applications without the need for large, permanently installed files and a virtual environment.

Research on "Fast" active Reflector Optimization based on Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm

This paper mainly studies the related mathematical models of ideal paraboloid and convex lens imaging, and studies the optimization problem of "FAST" active reflector by using particle swarm optimization algorithm. First of all, according to the most basic parabolic equation, through the constraint on the distance between the actuator and the adjacent nodes in the known conditions, the ideal paraboloid problem is transformed into an optimization problem according to the motion range of the center point of the paraboloid. MATLAB is used to program, and particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the optimal paraboloid. Then, due to the change of the position of the celestial body to be observed, the focus of each cable point reaching the intersection paraboloid of the origin is further calculated, that is, the ideal position of the cable point on the paraboloid, and then the ideal paraboloid is obtained. Then, under the condition that the distance between the adjacent main cable nodes does not exceed 0.07%, and the radial expansion range of the actuator is-0.6 to 0.6 meters, the ideal paraboloid is optimized so that the deviation of the adjusted node position relative to the ideal paraboloid is minimized. Finally, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the optimal solution in MATLAB.

Buckling behavior of rectangular angle-ply laminated composite plates subjected to thermal and mechanical loads using the meshfree method

This study aims to explore the buckling behavior of rectangular plate with angle-ply overlay under thermal and mechanical loadings using meshless method. The governing differential equations (GDEs) of the plate are based on a new higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) and are discretized using polynomial radial basis function (RBF) to cast a set of equations simultaneously. A code is developed for the solution in MATLAB (2019). Uniform temperature differences and mechanical loads are the cause of in-plane loads. Convergence study has been conducted to check the current formulation’s soundness. The accuracy of the contemporary theory and formulation is validated with the published results. A parametric investigation is conducted for buckling behavior under the span-to-thickness ratio, lamination scheme, effect of the number of layers and effect of length-to-width ratio.

Finite-element modelling of NiTi shape-memory wires for morphing aerofoils

AbstractThis paper presents the development and implementation of a user-defined material (UMAT) model for NiTi Shape-Memory Alloy (SMA) wires for use in LS-DYNA commercial explicit finite-element analysis software. The UMAT focusses on the Shape-Memory Effect (SME), which could be used for actuation of aerostructural components. The actuation of a fundamental structure consisting of an SMA wire connected in series with a linear spring was studied first. The SMA thermomechanical behaviour obtained from the finite-element simulation was compared with that obtained from the analytical solution in MATLAB. A further comparison is presented for an SMA-actuated cantilever beam, showing excellent agreement in terms of the SMA stress and strain as well as the tip deflection of the cantilever beam. A mesh sensitivity study on the SMA wire indicated that one beam element was adequate to accurately predict the SMA thermomechanical behaviour. An analysis of several key parameters showed that, to achieve a high recovery strain, the stiffness of the actuated structure should be minimised while the cross-sectional area of the SMA wire should be maximised. The actuation of an SMA wire under a constant stress/load was also analysed. The SMA material model was finally applied to the design of morphing aluminium and composite aerofoils consisting of corrugated sections, resulting in the prediction of reasonably large trailing-edge deflections (7.8–65.9 mm).