Soluble Fiber Supplementation Research Articles

Skeletal muscle metabolic dysfunction with circulating carboxymethyl-lysine in dietary food additive-induced leaky gut.

Impaired intestinal permeability induces systemic inflammation and metabolic disturbance. The effect of a leaky gut on metabolism in skeletal muscle, a major nutrient consumer, remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the glucose metabolic function of the whole body and skeletal muscles in a mouse model of diet-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. At Week 2, we observed higher intestinal permeability in mice fed a titanium dioxide (TiO2)-containing diet than that of mice fed a normal control diet. Subsequently, systemic glucose and insulin tolerance were found to be impaired. In the skeletal muscle, glucose uptake and phosphorylation levels in insulin signaling were lower in the TiO2 group than those in the control group. Additionally, the levels of pro-inflammatory factors were higher in TiO2-fed mice than those in the control group. We observed higher carboxymethyl-lysin (CML) levels in the plasma and intestines of TiO2-fed mice and lower insulin-dependent glucose uptake in CML-treated cultured myotubes than those in the controls. Finally, soluble dietary fiber supplementation improved glucose and insulin intolerance, suppressed plasma CML, and improved intestinal barrier function. These results suggest that an impaired intestinal barrier leads to systemic glucose intolerance, which is associated with glucose metabolism dysfunction in the skeletal muscles due to circulating CML derived from the intestine. This study highlights that the intestinal condition regulates muscle and systemic metabolic health.

Effects of dietary fiber on maternal health in pregnant women with metabolic syndrome risk: a randomized controlled trial.

Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) during pregnancy can lead to complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and hypertensive disorders. In this study, we sought to examine the influence of dietary fiber, from both food sources and soluble fiber supplementation, on the metabolic health and overall pregnancy outcomes of women at high risk of MetS. We conducted a randomized controlled trial involving 376 women between 11 and 13 weeks of gestation. To evaluate dietary fiber intake, we performed an exhaustive dietary component analysis using a food frequency questionnaire. Additionally, the participants in the intervention group received daily soluble fiber supplements until delivery. All participants underwent nutritional consultations and metabolic health assessments at three distinct stages of pregnancy (GW 11-13, GW 24-26, and GW 32-34). Our findings revealed a significant correlation between insufficient dietary fiber intake and an increased risk of GDM, even after adjusting for variables such as maternal age and pre-pregnancy BMI. We also noted that a high total dietary fiber intake was associated with reduced changes in triglyceride levels. In addition, the intervention group showed lower need for constipation medication, and soluble fiber supplementation may offer potential benefits for GDM patients. Importantly, our study verified the safety of long-term soluble fiber supplementation during pregnancy. Our results underscore the importance of adequate fiber intake, particularly from dietary sources, for the metabolic health of pregnant women. Moreover, our findings suggest that early fiber supplementation may benefit pregnant women experiencing constipation or those diagnosed with GDM.

No benefit of soluble fiber on liver function.

Background: To conduct a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of current findings from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of soluble fiber supplementation on liver function in both healthy individuals and people with specific health conditions, PubMed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Science were systematically searched for relevant RCTs published prior to April 2022. Methods: We estimated the change in liver function parameters for each 5 g/d increment in soluble fiber in each trial and then calculated the mean difference (MD) and 95%CI. A total of 25 RCTs with 27 treatment arms (1744 subjects; 884 cases, 860 controls) were included. Results: A total of 25 RCTs with 27 treatment arms were included. The intervention duration of the included studies ranged from 3 to 52 weeks and the dose of soluble fiber supplementation varied from 0.0025 to 40 g/d. Soluble fiber supplementation could not significantly affect serum alanine transaminase (MD: -0.02 U/L, 95% CI: -1.06 to 1.01), aspartate transaminase (MD: -0.34 U/L, 95% CI: -0.84 to 0.15), alkaline phosphatase (MD: 0.29 U/L, -0.14 to 0.71), gamma-glutamyl transferase (MD: 0.12 U/L; 95% CI: -0.81 to 1.05), serum bilirubin (MD: 0.42μmol/L, 95% CI: -0.08 to 0.93) and albumin (MD: 0.64 g/dl, 95% CI: -0.42 to 1.70) levels. Conclusions: Findings from this study did not support the beneficial effects of soluble fiber supplementation on liver function biomarkers. There is a need for long-term high-quality interventions to examine the effects of different types and doses of soluble fibers on liver function as primary outcome.

Soluble Fiber Supplementation as Treatment of Chronic Constipation in a Patient with Dolichomegacolon

Soluble Fiber Supplementation as Treatment of Chronic Constipation in a Patient with Dolichomegacolon

Acute soluble fibre supplementation has no impact on reducing post-prandial glucose excursions in adults with cystic fibrosis and glucose intolerance

BackgroundCystic fibrosis (CF)-related diabetes (CFRD) is a common comorbidity in CF. In CFRD, fasting blood glucose level is often normal, but post-prandial glycaemia (PPG) is problematic. Elevated PPG has been associated to a higher risk of developing CFRD, a worst clinical state and a lower pulmonary function. Interventional studies in type 2 diabetes have demonstrated a beneficial impact of fibre supplement on PPG. MethodsOur objective is to evaluate the efficiency of 2 doses of a soluble fibre supplement to lower PPG in CF patients with glucose intolerance (pre-diabetic or CFRD patients). This is a double-blinded crossover interventional study with three interventions: placebo or psyllium fibre (5.1g or 7.7g) of soluble fibre consumed before breakfast. A second meal (lunch) is also eaten four hours later to evaluate a second meal effect. Blood glucose and insulin were measured during the interventions. ResultsIn 14 adult CF patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n=10) or CFRD (n=4), we observed no beneficial effect of fibre supplementation on PPG for both meals. However, all blood glucose levels were lower after the lunch compared to breakfast in spite of the higher carbohydrate content. ConclusionAn acute treatment with fibre supplementation had no effect on blood glucose control in patients with CF-IGT or CFRD.

Effects of Soluble Dietary Fibre on Exercise Performance and Perception of Fatigue in Young Basketball Players.

In this study, we investigated the effects of soluble dietary fibre on improving neuromuscular and cardiovascular endurance and perception of fatigue in a closely monitored group of basketball players. Prebiotics have been sidelined in sports nutrition and their effect on performance remains poorly investigated and understood. Eighteen healthy male basketball players were divided into two groups; one received 17 g/day of soluble dietary fibre (Nutriose®) for four weeks and the other group received placebo. Their morphological characteristics, neuromuscular and cardiovascular endurance, and rating of perceived exertion according to the rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale were assessed. Measurements were taken before supplementation and after four weeks of supplementation. Faecal samples were collected from all participants immediately before and after the supplementation period, their total DNA extracted and sent for amplicon sequencing. In this study, fibre had no statistically significant effect on the vertical-type explosive power, no statistically significant effect on sprint-type explosive power, nor on aerobic and anaerobic endurance in the experimental group. Soluble fibre had a statistically significant effect on reducing the rating of perceived exertion of basketball players during the competitive part of the season (RPE 7.27±0.04 versus 8.82±0.81). This was confirmed by two-way ANOVA with replication, which showed that within-group interaction (p=0.0193), before and after dietary intake (p=0.0049), and between-group interaction before and after dietary intake (p=0.0313) had a significant effect on the result. The overall conclusion of the study is that soluble dietary fibre supplementation does not improve neuromuscular and cardiovascular endurance over a 4-week period. However, fibre supplementation could have a significant effect on reducing the rating of perceived exertion, as shown by the statistics. Both amplicon sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics results suggest that this could be the result of the beneficial effect on the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites. This work highlights the importance of prebiotics in sports nutrition. Dietary fibre has been a neglected component of sports nutrition. This study demonstrated a statistically significant positive effect on the perception of fatigue, highlighting the need for further studies in this direction.

Prolonged Isolated Soluble Dietary Fibre Supplementation in Overweight and Obese Patients: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is rising rapidly, currently affecting 1.9 billion adults worldwide. Prebiotic dietary fibre supplementation is a promising approach to improve weight loss and reduce metabolic complications in overweight and obese subjects due to modifications of the microbiota composition and function. Previous systematic reviews and meta-analyses addressing similar questions revealed discordant evidence and/or are outdated. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, and forward and backward citations for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with isolated soluble dietary fibre supplementation for at least 12 weeks in overweight and obese patients measuring body weight, published through April 2022. We expressed the results as mean differences (MDs) using the random-effects model of the metafor package in R and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB2 tool. We conducted the study according to the PRISMA guidelines and registered the protocol on PROSPERO (CRD42022295246). The participants with dietary fibre supplementation showed a significantly higher reduction in body weight (MD −1.25 kg, 95% CI −2.24, −0.25; 27 RCTs; 1428 participants) accompanied by a significant decrease in BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood insulin, and HOMA-IR compared to the control group. Certainty of evidence was high, paving the way for the implementation of isolated soluble dietary fibre supplementation into clinical practice.

Costs and Barriers Associated With the Recruitment of Children for a Nutrition Randomized Clinical Trial During COVID-19

ObjectivesRecruitment of children for randomized clinical trials (RCT) is challenging, especially during a pandemic. This analysis aimed to (1) evaluate the cost and effectiveness of different recruitment strategies; (2) evaluate the reasons for exclusion; and (3) evaluate the barriers of participation.MethodsThis is an analysis of the costs associated with recruitment in the MetA-Bone trial, an RCT testing the effects of soluble corn fiber supplementation on bone in children 10–13 y. Recruitment methods were categorized as (1) community-based (CB): healthcare providers, schools, companies/organizations, university, mailings, and word of mouth; (2) Online: email campaigns, social media; and (3) not specified. Totals of the cost and effectiveness of each recruitment method, participants’ reasons for exclusions, and barriers to participation were calculated.ResultsPreliminary results show the total number of screened participants was 238 from February 2020–2022. Email campaigns rendered the greatest number of pre-screened participants (n = 145), followed by mailings to home (n = 20). The total cost of recruitment was $92,433 (CB = $74,170 and online = $18,264) with the highest cost being recruitment from healthcare providers ($40,180) and the lowest cost being word of mouth ($80). The most cost-effective recruitment methods were word of mouth ($5 cost per participant) and email campaigns ($85 cost per participant). The reason for most participants being excluded from participating in the study was an incomplete pre-screening form (n = 91) or a BMI > 95th percentile (n = 24). The reason for most eligible participants deciding not to enroll in the study was not specified (n = 9) or due to time commitment (n = 4).ConclusionsOnline recruitment methods are more effective in recruiting children into a clinical trial during the pandemic based on the number of participants screened and low implementation costs. Specifically, email campaigns and word of mouth are the most effective recruitment methods associated with low cost per pre-screened participant.Funding SourcesThe MetA-Bone trial is supported by the National Institutes of Health (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD), grant number 1R01HD098589–01. The funding source had no involvement in the preparation of the article or the study design.

Association Between Hydration and Body-Fat Percentage in Children in Miami-Dade: Preliminary Data From the MetA-Bone Trial

ObjectivesBackground: Children 9–13 years old in the US have suboptimal hydration status, with an average water intake of 496 mL/d (adequate intake for water is 2,100 mL/d in girls and 2,400 mL/d in boys, as per the Institute of Medicine). Studies have shown a significant inverse association between hydration status and body-fat percentage in children, although most studies failed to use Dual-X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan (DXA), the gold standard for body composition. Objectives: To associate total fluid intake, hydration status, and body-fat percentage in children 10–13 years from the baseline visit of the MetA-Bone Trial, a trial to test the effect of soluble corn fiber supplementation on bone metabolism.MethodsBody-fat percentage was measured using DXA, total fluid intake (mL/day) was assessed from three 24-hour dietary recalls using the Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR), and hydration status was objectively measured using Urine Specific Gravity (USG) via 24-h urine collections. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics and linear regression performed with SPSS 26.0. Models were adjusted for age and sex.ResultsA total of 14 children (57.1% males) had complete data. Mean body-fat was 31.8 ± 8.53%, mean total water intake was 1634 ± 866 mL/day (54.5% were below the water adequate intake), and mean USG was 1.031 ± 0.023 (55.6% were dehydrated). Linear regression showed that total water intake and the objective hydration status were not significantly associated (β = 0.457; p = 0.216; adjusted for age and sex β = 0.461 p = 0.319). No associations were found between total water intake and body-fat percentage (β = −0.254, p = 0.452; adjusted for age and sex (β = −0.102, p = 0.758) or between objective hydration status and body-fat percentage (β = 0.009; p = 0.982; adjusted for age and sex β = −0.034; p = −0.094).ConclusionsMost children did not meet the adequate intake for water and were dehydrated. Total water intake and objective hydration status was not significantly associated among them and to body-fat percentage. A higher sample size may be necessary to find an association between hydration, body-fat percentage in children.Funding SourcesFunding was supported by the National Institute of Health (Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NICHD), grant number 1R01HD098589-01.

Utility of Anorectal Testing to Predict Outcomes With Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy in Chronic Constipation: Pragmatic Trial

We performed a clinical trial that aimed to inform the clinical utility of anorectal manometry (ARM) and balloon expulsion time (BET) as up-front tests to predict outcomes with community-based pelvic floor physical therapy as the next best step to address chronic constipation after failing an empiric trial of soluble fiber supplementation or osmotic laxatives. We enrolled 60 treatment-naïve patients with Rome IV functional constipation failing 2 weeks of soluble fiber supplementation or osmotic laxatives. All patients underwent ARM/BET (London protocol) followed by community-based pelvic floor physical therapy. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. The primary end point was clinical response (Patient Assessment of Constipation-Symptoms instrument). Fifty-three patients completed pelvic rehabilitation and the post-treatment questionnaire. Contemporary frameworks define dyssynergia on balloon expulsion time and dyssynergic patterns (ARM), but these parameters did not inform clinical outcomes (area under the curve [AUC], <0.6). Squeeze pressure (>192.5 mm Hg on at least 1 of 3 attempts; sensitivity, 47.6%; specificity, 83.9%) and limited squeeze duration (inability to sustain 50% of squeeze pressure for >20 seconds; sensitivity, 71.4%; specificity, 58.1%) were the strongest predictors of clinical outcomes. Combining BET with squeeze duration (BET greater than 6.5 seconds and limited squeeze duration) improved predictive accuracy (AUC, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.59-0.90). BET poorly predicted outcomes as a single test (AUC, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.38-0.69). Using ARM to evaluate squeeze profiles, rather than dyssynergia, appears useful to screen patients with chronic constipation for up-front pelvic floor physical therapy based on likelihood of response. BET appears noninformative as a single screening test (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04159350).

Dietary Fiber Supplementation in Replacement Gilts Improves the Reproductive Performance From the Second to Fifth Parities

This study examined the effects of soluble fiber (SF) supplementation (0.8%), containing 17.4% rhamnose, 4.1% fucose, 11.1% arabinose, 30.6% xylose, and 16.4% galactose during the prepubescent phase on the subsequent performance from the second to fifth parities. After the first parity, 56 and 55 post-weaning sows in the control (CON) and SF groups had their reproductive performance monitored in succeeding parities. Circulating concentrations of anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) were greater in the SF group than in the CON group at 205 d of age and the first post-weaning day (p < 0.05). The SF treatment at the prepubescent phase resulted in an enhanced reproductive performance from parities three to five. In Parity three, the SF sows had 1.32 total born (p = 0.044), 1.43 born alive (p = 0.023) and 1.40 born effective, which was significantly more than in the CON group (p = 0.022). In Parity four, the SF sows had 1.1 total born (p = 0.058), 1.28 born alive (p = 0.019), and 1.06 born effective, significantly more than in the CON group (p = 0.049). In Parity five, the SF gilts had 1.43 total born (p = 0.075), 1.53 born alive (p = 0.067) and 1.65 born effective, significantly more than in the CON group (p = 0.020). No effects were observed for the removal of sows and backfat thickness at the mating in each parity between groups (p > 0.05). Collectively, gilts that received an extra 0.8% SF during the prepubescent phase increased their subsequent litter size as breeding sows. These results showed that nutritional decisions at the replacement phase could influence lifetime fertility.

Pediatric Aspects of Nutrition Interventions for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction.

Dietary factors may play an important role in the generation of symptoms in children with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs). Although dietary modification may provide successful treatment, there is a relative paucity of controlled trials that have shown the effectiveness of dietary interventions. This study is a narrative review that explores the existing literature on food and pediatric DGBIs. The following have been shown to be beneficial: (i) in infants with colic, removing cow's milk from the infant's diet or from the maternal diet in those who are breastfed; (ii) in infants with regurgitation, adding thickeners to the formula or removing cow's milk protein from the infant's diet or the maternal diet in those who are breastfed; and (iii) in children with pain-predominant DGBIs, using soluble fiber supplementation or a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols diet. In children with functional constipation, there is no evidence that adding fiber is beneficial. Given that most dietary interventions include restriction of different foods in children, a thoughtful approach and close follow-up are needed.

A Case Study of Inositol and Soluble Fiber Supplementation on Glycemic Control in an Overweight Subject

Background Soluble fiber has been shown to improve glycemic control by slowing the absorptions of glucose. And inositol has been shown to improve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gestational diabetes via recruiting glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) to cell surface. However, neither inositol supplementation nor combination of inositol and soluble fiber supplementation has been studied in overweight. Objective To investigate if supplementation of inositol improves biological markers of glycemic control overweight and obesity, and that supplementation of inositol in combination with soluble fiber have synergistic effects to further improve these markers. Design A single cohort, uncontrolled, test-retest design was planned to be implemented over 5-weeks in which the participants supplemented 2 grams of myo-inositol twice daily for 4-weeks and then 2 grams of myo-inositol plus 2 grams of soluble fiber each twice daily for 1-week in overweight and obese subjects. Only one overweight subject was able to complete both phases of supplementation due to coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), therefore the study is reported as a case study. Results Supplementation of 4 grams of myo-inositol daily for 4-weeks resulted in improved glucose parameters and lipid parameters including fasting blood glucose, post-prandial blood glucose, total blood cholesterol level, blood high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level, and blood triglyceride level. The combination of inositol and soluble fiber supplementation further improved the total blood cholesterol level. Conclusion These results indicate there is potential benefit of inositol supplementation for sub-clinical hyperglycemic, overweight subjects on glycemic control.

World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guidelines: Diet and the Gut.

World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guidelines: Diet and the Gut.

Dietary Blueberry and Soluble Fiber Supplementation Reduces Risk of Gestational Diabetes in Women with Obesity in a Randomized Controlled Trial

BackgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing public health concern and maternal obesity and poor dietary intakes could be implicated. Dietary polyphenols and fiber mitigate the risk of diabetes and its complications, but little is known about their efficacy in preventing GDM. ObjectivesWe examined the effects of whole blueberry and soluble fiber supplementation on primary outcomes of cardiometabolic profiles in women at high risk of developing GDM. MethodsWomen (n = 34; mean ± SD age: 27 ± 5 y; BMI: 35.5 ± 4.0 kg/m2; previous history of GDM ∼56%; Hispanic ∼79%) were recruited in early pregnancy (<20 weeks of gestation) and randomly assigned to 1 of the following 2 groups for 18 wk: intervention (280 g whole blueberries and 12 g soluble fiber per day) and standard prenatal care (control). Both groups received nutrition education and maintained 24-h food recalls throughout the study. Data on anthropometrics, blood pressure, and blood samples for biochemical analyses were collected at baseline (<20 weeks), midpoint (24–28 weeks), and end (32–36 weeks) of gestation. Diagnosis of GDM was based on a 2-step glucose challenge test (GCT). Data were analyzed using a mixed-model ANOVA. ResultsMaternal weight gain was significantly lower in the dietary intervention than in the control group at the end of the trial (mean ± SD: 6.8 ± 3.2 kg compared with 12.0 ± 4.1 kg, P = 0.001). C-reactive protein was also lower in the intervention than in the control group (baseline: 6.1 ± 4.0 compared with 6.8 ± 7.2 mg/L; midpoint: 6.1 ± 3.7 compared with 7.5 ± 7.3 mg/L; end: 5.5 ± 2.2 compared with 9.5 ± 6.6 mg/L, respectively, P = 0.002). Blood glucose based on GCT was lower in the intervention than in the control (100 ± 33 mg/dL compared with 131 ± 40 mg/dL, P < 0.05). Conventional lipids (total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol and triglycerides) did not differ between groups over time. No differences were noted in infant birth weight. ConclusionsWhole blueberry and soluble fiber supplementation may prevent excess gestational weight gain and improve glycemic control and inflammation in women with obesity.This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03467503.

Reduction of small dense LDL and Il-6 after intervention with Plantago psyllium in adolescents with obesity: a parallel, double blind, randomized clinical trial.

Obesity can lead children and adolescents to an increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A diet supplemented with Plantago psyllium has been shown to be effective in reducing LDL-C and IL-6 in adolescents. However, there are no studies that have explored small-dense LDL (sdLDL) or HDL subclasses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a fiber dietary intervention on LDL and HDL subclasses in adolescents with obesity. In this parallel, double blind, randomized clinical trial, the participants were assigned to Plantago psyllium or placebo (10g/day for 7 weeks). We randomized 113 participants, and evaluated and analyzed 100 adolescents (50 in each group), 15 to 19 years with a body mass index of 29-34. We measured biochemical markers LDL and HDL subclasses using the Lipoprint system (Quantimetrix) and IL-6 by ELISA. Post-treatment there was a decrease in sdLDL between the groups 2.0 (0-5.0) vs 1 (0-3.0) mg/dl (p = 0.004), IL-6 median 3.32 (1.24-5.96) vs 1.76 (0.54-3.28) pg/ml, p <0.0001. There were no differences in HDL subclasses and no adverse effects were reported in either group.Conclusions: Small dense LDL and IL-6 reduced in adolescents with obesity when consuming Plantago psyllium. This may be an early good strategy for the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk in this vulnerable population.Trial registration: ISRCTN # 14180431. Date assigned 24/08/2020 What is Known: • Supplementing the diet with Plantago psyllium lowers LDL-C levels. What is New: • First evidence that soluble fiber supplementation like Plantago psyllium decreases small dense LDL particles in association with lowered IL-6, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in obese adolescents.

Effects of soluble fiber supplementation on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

<h2>Summary</h2><h3>Background & aims</h3> Soluble dietary fiber is prompted as an important part of reducing blood glucose, ameliorating insulin resistance and controlling body weight. Thus, we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to quantify and synthesize the effects of soluble fiber supplementation on glycemic control and BMI modification in adults with type 2 diabetes. <h3>Methods</h3> We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane databases until February 13, 2020 to identify RCTs that detected the effects of soluble fiber supplementation on glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. A random-effects model with the generic inverse variance method was used to analyze the pooled data. The meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to identify the variables that influenced the pooled results. The robust error meta-regression model was used to conduct the dose–response test. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system was undertaken to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 29 RCTs (33 comparisons) involving 1517 participants were identified in this meta-analysis. Results showed that supplemental soluble dietary fiber significantly reduced glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c, MD -0.63%, 95% CI [-0.90, −0.37]; P < 0.00001), fasting plasma glucose (FPG, MD -0.89 mmol/L, 95% CI [-1.28, −0.51]; P < 0.00001), fasting insulin (SMD -0.48, 95% CI [-0.80, −0.17]; P = 0.003), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, SMD -0.58, 95% CI [-0.86, −0.29], P < 0.0001), fructosamine (SMD -1.03, 95% CI [-1.51, −0.55]; P < 0.0001), 2-h postprandial plasma glucose (SMD -0.74, 95% CI [-1.00, −0.48]; P < 0.00001), and BMI (SMD -0.31, 95% CI [-0.61, −0.00], P = 0.05) compared with control diets in patients with type 2 diabetes. Specifically, dose–response meta-analyses presented that a daily dosage of 7.6–8.3 g was recommended. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Intake of soluble fiber supplementation is effective in improving glycemic control and BMI level in type 2 diabetes and is also a convenient way to help individuals meet standard dietary fiber needs. But due to the evidence of substantial heterogeneity in most pooled estimates, further long-term and high-quality RCTs are needed.

Soluble dietary fiber protects intestinal mucosal barrier by improving intestinal flora in a murine model of sepsis

The study investigated the effect of soluble dietary fiber supplementation on gut microbiota, mucosal barrier function, inflammatory markers, and survival in a murine model of sepsis established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The expression of muc2 was down-regulated in septic mice. However, muc2 expression was significantly increased in the septic mice that received soluble dietary fiber. Survival was also improved in the septic mice treated with dietary fiber. The survival benefit was associated with decreased serum concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced neutrophil infiltration in the gut. Furthermore, the mucus thickness, inflammatory response, and degree of gut injury were remarkably alleviated in septic mice treated with soluble dietary fiber, while it was aggravated in septic mice treated with antibiotics in addition to the soluble fiber. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing also showed that fiber supplementation caused an increase in the relative abundance of probiotics, commonly associated with metabolic health. Administration of antibiotics to mice fed fiber diet negated the enrichment of probiotics as well as the survival benefit, following cecal ligation and puncture. Dietary supplementation with cellulose offers a microbe-mediated survival advantage in a murine model of sepsis. Improved understanding of the connection between diet, microbiota, and systemic illness may yield new therapeutic strategies for patients with sepsis.

Effect of soluble corn fiber supplementation for 1 year on bone metabolism in children, the MetA-bone trial: Rationale and design

Calcium intake is critical for adequate bone mineralization in adolescence, but it is usually inadequate in US adolescents. A strategy to maximize bone mineralization is to increase calcium absorption, which could be achieved by soluble corn fiber (SCF). There are no studies determining the long-term effects of SCF on bone mass in children. ObjectivesTo determine the effect of one-year SCF supplementation compared to placebo on bone mass and bone biomarkers in children with low habitual calcium intake. We hypothesize that SCF supplementation will result in a higher bone mineral content and higher levels of bone formation and lower bone resorption biomarkers. Methods240 healthy children (10–13 years), with usual low calcium intake, will be randomized to four experimental groups for 1 year: (1) SCF (12 g/d); (2) SCF (12 g/d) + 600 mg/d of calcium; (3) Placebo (maltodextrin); and (4) Placebo +600 mg/d of calcium. The supplements have been pre-mixed with a flavored powder beverage and participants will only need to dilute it in water and drink this twice per day. Bone will be measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Serum bone biomarkers will be measured at baseline and at 12 months. ConclusionsIf supplementing diets with SCF lead to higher bone mass during adolescence, this could help achieve the genetic potential for PBM and to start adult life with stronger bones. If successful, SCF can be incorporated into diets for promoting bone health in adolescents.

Examination of Curcumin and Fenugreek Soluble Fiber Supplementation on Submaximal and Maximal Aerobic Performance Indices.

This study examined the effects of curcumin and fenugreek soluble fiber supplementation on the ventilatory threshold (VT) and peak oxygen consumption (O2 peak). Methods: Forty-five untrained men and women were randomly assigned to one of three supplementation groups: placebo (PLA, n = 13), 500 mg·day−1 CurQfen® (CUR, n = 14), or 300 mg·day−1 fenugreek soluble fiber (FEN, n = 18). Participants completed a maximal graded exercise test on a cycle ergometer to determine the VT and O2 peak before (PRE) and after (POST) 28 days of daily supplementation. Separate, one-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) were used to examine the between-group differences for adjusted POST VT and O2 peak values, covaried for the respective PRE-test values. Results: The adjusted POST VT O2 values for the CUR (mean ± SD = 1.593 ± 0.157 L·min−1) and FEN (1.597 ± 0.157 L·min−1) groups were greater than (p = 0.039 and p = 0.025, respectively) the PLA (1.465 ± 0.155 L·min−1) group, but the FEN and CUR groups were not different (p = 0.943). There were no differences in the adjusted O2 peak values (F = 0.613, p = 0.547) among groups. Conclusion: These findings indicated that fenugreek soluble fiber was responsible for the improvements in the submaximal performance index for both CUR and FEN groups.