Solar Panel Industry Research Articles

Developing a cost-efficient dual sampling system for lot disposition by considering process yield and quality loss

In the past few decades, various sampling strategies have been developed for different perspectives or occasions to benefit from cost reduction or time-saving when one performs lot disposition, particularly for those inspected items or expensive procedures. The quick switching sampling (QSS) system has been important in examining fewer samples under the same quality requirements and was designed with a dually flexible mechanism for varied qualities. However, most related studies considered only a fixed switching policy either critical value or sample-sized tightenings, which might neglect the collective effect of two types of QSS systems. In this study, we integrate two variables QSS (VQSS) systems in a generalized form, known as integrated VQSS (IVQSS), based on the Cpmk index, a non-scale process performance indicator considering centering, variation, and quality loss simultaneously to accommodate advantages of two individual systems. The operating characteristic function is derived using the Markov Chain theory. Furthermore, we developed a mathematical model to minimize the average sample number and limit two acceptable sampling risks under desirable submitted quality levels. The plan parameters are obtained for making a reliable judgment on submissions by solving this optimization problem. Finally, to illustrate the practicability of the proposed method, we demonstrated a numerical application obtained from a solar panel industry and provided the solved plan parameters under commonly used conditions for convenient use.

Interfacial Transport Study of Ultra-Thin InN-Enhanced Quantum Dot Solar Cells

For human society, all activities require energy support. Solar cells are a means of converting solar energy into electrical energy using the photovoltaic effect of semiconductor materials. This photoelectric absorber layer has been developed for more than 70 years. Currently, the layered solar panel industry has achieved an energy conversion efficiency of 47%. In addition to efficiency, the cost of solar cells has been optimized, and the cost of commercial silicon solar cells has been greatly reduced. There is an urgent need for energy transfer research through the solar cell interface. Many researchers are studying and discovering new elements in this field. On this basis, the transmission ion interface of ultra-thin in-amplified quantum solar cell panels was studied, and very effective conclusions were drawn on the basis of experimental preparation and analysis.

Bureaucratic Brothers in Arms: Complementor Governance Mode as Precursor and Prevention to Pivoting

Pivoting is a fact of life for new ventures: entrepreneurs develop ideas iteratively, often changing course many times before settling on a strategic orientation. However, new ventures rarely develop in isolation; rather, they exist in complex ecosystems of complementary services in which many products and services must be closely coordinated for consumers to derive value from any of them. Thus, pivoting entails not just a strategic reorientation of the focal firm, but also careful coordination and reorientation among the focal firm’s ecosystem of complementors. Though differences regarding the ways in which new ventures are organized with respect to their complementors might therefore impact a firm’s decision to pivot, however, current literature does not explore these dynamics. In this paper, I argue that the governance mode underlying a new venture’s relationships with its complementors plays an important role in its ability to appropriate value from an opportunity, thereby influencing its propensity to pivot and pursue it. I test my hypotheses in the context of the U.S solar panel industry from 1992-2018. This paper contributes to the entrepreneurship literature by suggesting that it is not merely the content of a new venture’s relationships that determine whether or not it will pivot, but also their structure.

REVIEW STATUS PANEL SURYA DI INDONESIA MENUJU REALISASI KAPASITAS PLTS NASIONAL 6500 MW

PLTS is a power plant that converts sunlight energy into electricity using photovoltaictechnology. Solar panels play an important role in PLTS, because solar panels capture solar radiationthen convert it into electrical energy. The development of solar panel technology is the key to supportthe development of PLTS. This article reviews about the development of solar panels in Indonesia asan important component to support the development of national solar power plants towards a capacityof 6500 MW by 2025. The review will be carried out on various aspects of solar panels including thenational solar panel industry, solar panels available in the domestic market, and the availability ofvarious panels. Data is obtained from the national panel industry, the PLTS project, the PLTS userassociation, the national EPC, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, and the national solarpanel vendor. The survey result shows there are 241 panels, both local and foreign production. Panelcapacities vary from 5 Watt to 500 Watt and panel voltages are available from 12 Volt, 24 Volt and 48Volt. Based on the survey, it is also obtained the average of Rp/Wp is Rp.18,853/Wp and the averageof W/m2 is 159,46 W/m2. Increasing solar panel production can be done by providing incentives tosolar panel producers in the form of product purchase guarantees and incentives to develop newfactories. Information regarding the current status of solar panels in Indonesia is expected to be aquick reference for people or institutions that need it, and can be used as an introduction to researchand application of PLTS in Indonesia.

The insufficiency of Lean Tradition – Lean meets Kodak Moments

Little attention in the Lean literature has focused on disruptive events and change. However, there is emerging an awareness of the insufficiencies built into this line of thinking and the way it is conducted in practice. The purpose of this paper is to highlight how underdeveloped Lean thinking is to meet disruptive events or Kodak moments. This case study illustrates how strong commitment to Lean thinking not necessarily helps in critical situations. Following a path turning lean from the initiative top-down to a bottom-up approach, including softer components as knowledge, reflection, culture and involvement. While compensated the situation to some extent, but in general, the lean tool-box was insufficient to align the organization to change. Missing in the change initiative was time for reflection and discussion about what to reflect upon, central part of Hensai. The paper gives insights into how a company with traditional Lean implementation struggles with aligning change with market development. The solar panel industry serve as case study. 17 in-depth interviews have been conducted with people directly involved in the cases.

Transformative innovation policy for solar energy: particularities of a developing country

The study of transformative policies and how they can promote the spread of a technology connects interests among different actors such as government, industry, and academia, who seek solutions for the use of renewable energy, among them solar energy. This study investigates transformative innovation policy for the solar PV energy in Brazil from a sociotechnical perspective of innovation and suggests ways to better promote this technology in Brazil. This study was based on data from two different information sources: (1) in-depth interviews with actors in the Brazilian national innovation system; and (2) secondary data from energy sector in Brazil. With an analysis that is unprecedented for Brazil, the study presents a proposal for transformative innovation policies for the sociotechnical transition process of solar energy in Brazil. The results indicate the need for incentive policies to develop the Brazilian domestic solar panel industry across the whole value chain, as well as for the definition of policies to encourage technological innovation and the formation of cooperation networks among the actors of the system as key elements to promote and disseminate this technology in Brazil.

Policy shocks and stock market returns: Evidence from Chinese solar panels

We examine the stock market performance of publicly-listed Chinese firms in the solar panel industry over 2012 and 2013 in response to announcements of new import restrictions by the European Union and domestic policy changes by the Chinese government. Using daily stock market prices from the Shanghai-Shenzhen, New York and Hong Kong markets, we calculate abnormal returns to several policy changes affecting solar panels produced in China. We find, consistent with the Melitz (2003) model, that larger, more export-oriented firms experienced larger stock market losses in the wake of European trade restriction announcements. We further show that European trade policy had a larger negative effect on Chinese private sector firms relative to state owned enterprises. Finally, we use a two stage least squares estimation technique to show that firms listed on US markets are more responsive to news events than those listed in China and Hong Kong.

Issues of Country of Origin, Market Incentives, and Recycling in Opinions of Passive Solar Collector Owners

Thermal solar panel installation has been growing in Poland in response to the EU policies and available subsidies. This paper investigates the attitudes of residents of four counties in Mazowieckie Voividship in Poland about the origin of solar panels. Results show that rural residents did not attach importance to awarding preferences to domestic solar panel producers or to foreign producers in exchange of trade benefits. The recycling of used solar panels concerned a relatively small portion of respondents and seems to justify the passage of regulations obligating the solar panel industry to recycle the used panels.

International Trade in Infant Industries: A Dynamic Analysis of Different Trade Policy Instruments and Their Implications for Sustainable Consumption

Infant industries have come to be associated with behind the frontier technologies in developing countries. This paper takes a fresh look at the infant industry problem and in the more contemporary perspective of developed-emerging economy competition in lead markets such as for example the global solar panel industry. Different policy scenarios are considered under two different trading regimes. First one where all firms learn symmetrically in cost. Then one where learning paths and preference about sustainable consumption partly could be conforming with prevailing institutions in each country. The paper demonstrates that NTBs or standards can be welfare improving in ways that ordinary instruments such as tariffs and subsidies cannot.

Exploring an Interesting Si Source from Photovoltaic Industry Waste and Engineering It as a Li-Ion Battery High-Capacity Anode

Low cost electrode materials are essential for the expansion of the applications of large-format Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Kerf-loss (KL) Si waste from the photovoltaic industry represents a low cost, high-purity Si source for the production of high capacity anodes of LIBs. Producing an energy storage device from solar-panel industry waste is a potential environment-friendly energy development. This study addressed the challenges of employing KL Si as high-capacity LIB anode. The abrasive SiC particle impurities in KL waste powder were used not only as a milling agent to reduce silicon particle size but also as mechanically and electrochemically robust pillars that resist microstructural degradation of the electrode caused by the expansion of Si during lithiation. High energy ball milling of Si with rigid SiC produced fused nanosilicon particles that were supported on micrometer-sized SiC; this resulted in substantially mitigated capacity fading. In addition, an effective conducting network was formed by i...

Wacker opens polysilicon plant

Wacker Chemie is starting up a $2.5 billion plant in Charleston, Tenn., that will make polysilicon for the solar panel industry. The German firm is opening the facility in a market that has bottome...

Steps toward efficient inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells

Abstract

Drivers of cost reduction in solar photovoltaics

Using a new dataset of costs, output, sales, technical characteristics, and capital expenditures of firms in the solar industry during 2005–2012, this paper investigates the factors that have contributed to the decline in the cost of producing solar panels. While previous studies have attributed learning-by-doing and economies of scale as important drivers of cost reduction, these do not have any significant effect on cost once four other factors are taken into account, namely, (i) reduction in the cost of a principal raw material, (ii) increasing presence of solar panel manufacturers from China, (iii) technological innovations, and (iv) increase in investment at the industry level. These findings suggest that the upstream industries that supply the solar panel industry with raw materials and capital equipment have been important contributors to the reduction in the production cost of solar panels.

A model of competition in the solar panel industry

We develop a model of competition in the solar panel industry. Solar firms manufacture panels that are differentiated both vertically and horizontally, and compete by setting quantities. The equilibrium of the model is consistent with a set of stylized facts that we document, including variation in prices, markups and market shares across firms. We calibrate the model using a new dataset data on prices, costs and shipments of leading solar companies, as well as solar sales in four leading markets. The calibrated model is applied to evaluate the impact of a decline in the price of polysilicon, a key raw material used in the manufacture of solar panels, on the equilibrium price of solar panels.

Source of Cost Reduction in Solar Photovoltaics

The price of solar panels has fallen rapidly over the last few decades. Using an extensive dataset of prices, costs, output, sales and technical characteristics of firms in the solar industry during 2005-2011, this paper investigates the factors that have contributed to the decline in costs and prices. While previous studies have attributed learning-by-doing and static scale economics as the main drivers of cost reduction, we find that these do not have any significant effect on cost once four other factors are taken into account, namely, (i) reduction in the cost of a principal raw material, (ii) increasing presence of solar panel manufacturers from China, (iii) technological innovations, and (iv) increase in investment at the industry level. Together, these suggest that innovations in the upstream industries that supply the solar panel industry with raw materials and capital equipment have been important drivers of technological progress in the solar panel industry.

A Model of Competition in the Solar Panel Industry

We develop a model of competition in the solar panel industry. Solar firms manufacture panels that are differentiated both vertically and horizontally, and compete by setting quantities. The equilibrium of the model is consistent with a set of stylized facts that we document, including variation in prices, markups and market shares across firms. We calibrate the model using a new dataset data on prices, costs and shipments of leading solar companies, as well as solar sales in four leading markets. The calibrated model is applied to evaluate the impact of a decline in the price of polysilicon, a key raw material used in the manufacture of solar panels, on the equilibrium price of solar panels.