Degradation Of Pollutants In Soil Research Articles

Diversity of Fungal Community in Rhizosphere Soil of Tomato with Different Diseases

As an indispensable part of rhizosphere microorganisms, fungi participate in the processes of soil and rhizosphere element cycle and the degradation of pollutants in soil through self metabolism, and have huge potential in protecting tomato from abiotic and biological stresses. Tomato is one of the main varieties in the global trade of vegetables and fruits. In recent years, the planting area of tomato has continued to expand. The simple and intensive planting combined with high temperature and wet environmental conditions has facilitated the growth and breeding of diseases and pests, which has led to a sharp decline in tomato production. In addition, excessive use of chemicals and fertilizers has led to environmental pollution, which has led to a decline in tomato quality, and has caused huge losses to China’s vegetable economy. In this experiment, the rhizosphere soil of several common tomato diseases was used as research materials, and ITS sequencing was carried out for rhizosphere soil fungi by using high-throughput sequencing analysis. The operational taxon units (OTUs), alpha diversity, beat diversity and community structure were analyzed.

Sustainable fuel, food, fertilizer and ecosystems through a global artificial photosynthetic system: overcoming anticompetitive barriers.

This article discusses challenges that artificial photosynthetic (AP) systems will face when entering and competing in a global market characterized by established fossil fuel technology. It provides a perspective on the neoliberal principles underpinning much policy entrenching such environmentally destructive technology and outlines how competition law could aid overcoming these hurdles for AP development. In particular, it critiques the potential for competition law to promote a global AP initiative with greater emphasis on atmospheric carbon dioxide and nitrogen fixation (as well as solar-driven water splitting) to produce an equitable, globally distributed source of human food, fertilizer and biosphere sustainability, as well as hydrogen-based fuel. Some relevant strategies of competition law evaluated in this context include greater citizen-consumer involvement in shaping market values, legal requirements to factor services from the natural environment (i.e. provision of clean air, water, soil pollution degradation) into corporate costs, reform of corporate taxation and requirements to balance maximization of shareholder profit with contribution to a nominated public good, a global financial transactions tax, as well as prohibiting horizontal cartels, vertical agreements and unilateral misuse of market power.

Influence of Low-and High-frequency Heating on Biodegrading Microorganisms in Soil: Microbial Degradation

The influence of low-frequency (50 Hz) resistive and high-frequency (13.56 MHz, radio-frequency) dielectric heating in comparison to conventional heating on the microbial degradation of pollutants in soil was studied. The investigation of the biodegradation of model substances (benzoic acid, acetic acid, glucose, sodium acetate) added to a standard soil showed no significant influence of the electrical heating methods when compared with samples heated to the same temperature in a water bath. Therefore, a hindrance of the microbial degradation could be excluded as it was done for soil respiration in a previous study. This finding is especially relevant for the application of these electrical heating methods for thermally enhanced soil bioremediation as an option for making in situ or ex situ clean-up processes more efficient.

Adsorption of Pseudomonas putida on soil particle size fractions: effects of solution chemistry and organic matter

Purpose Attachment of bacteria on soil particles is ubiquitous and governs the transformation of nutrients and degradation of pollutants in soil and associated environments. The nature on the binding of bacteria by soil particles has remained unclear. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the adsorption of Pseudomonas putida on particle size fractions from an Ultisol as influenced by solution chemistry and organic matter.

Microbial Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Soil in a Cold Climate

Cold-adapted microorganisms are potentially interesting for use in environmental biotechnology applications since a large part of the biosphere has low temperatures during at least parts of the year. Many studies have shown that both oil-contaminated and uncontaminated soils in the Arctic, the Antarctic and the Alps contain microbes that can degrade different hydrocarbons deriving from oils. A few studies have also been conducted on degradation of herbicides in soils at low temperatures. Furthermore, phenols and some polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners have proved to be degradable at low temperatures, using microorganisms isolated from sediments or soils. Additions of nitrogen and phosphorous to polluted soils have been shown to enhance the degradation of hydrocarbons in many cases. Bioaugmentation with hydrocarbon degrading cold-adapted microorganisms has given varying results. The inoculated microorganisms have probably been out-competed by the indigenous microorganisms in some cases. Different ways to increase the efficiency of microbial degradation of organic pollutants in soil in a cold climate is discussed.