Soil Dyn Research Articles

Discussion on “Seismic responses of near-fault building clusters including in-plane rotational component in investigated lump model of earth medium” by Wei Zhong, Tielin Liu, Yingchun Jiang, and Bo Qian [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 167 (2023) 107796

Discussion on “Seismic responses of near-fault building clusters including in-plane rotational component in investigated lump model of earth medium” by Wei Zhong, Tielin Liu, Yingchun Jiang, and Bo Qian [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 167 (2023) 107796

Reply to the discussion by Z.Zembaty on “seismic responses of near-fault building clusters including in-plane rotational component in investigated lump model of earth medium” [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 167 (2023) 107796

Reply to the discussion by Z.Zembaty on “seismic responses of near-fault building clusters including in-plane rotational component in investigated lump model of earth medium” [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 167 (2023) 107796

Discussion on “Deep vibratory compaction simulated using a high-cycle accumulation model” by P. Staubach et al. [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 2023;166:107763

Discussion on “Deep vibratory compaction simulated using a high-cycle accumulation model” by P. Staubach et al. [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 2023;166:107763

Reply to the discussion by V. Osinov et al. on “Deep vibratory compaction simulated using a high-cycle accumulation model” [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 2023; 166: 107763

Reply to the discussion by V. Osinov et al. on “Deep vibratory compaction simulated using a high-cycle accumulation model” [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 2023; 166: 107763

Corrigendum to “Influence of the sloping ground conditions and the subsequent shaking events on the pile group response subjected to kinematic interactions for a liquefiable sloping ground”[Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 152 (2022) 107036

Corrigendum to “Influence of the sloping ground conditions and the subsequent shaking events on the pile group response subjected to kinematic interactions for a liquefiable sloping ground”[Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 152 (2022) 107036

The adoption of deep neural network (DNN) to the prediction of soil liquefaction based on shear wave velocity

Soil liquefaction has been accepted as one of the factors causing natural disasters and engineering failures in the seismic. The mathematic prediction model for soil liquefaction is widely accepted, and the standard penetration (SPT) and cone penetration test (CPT) prediction model using the machine learning method is also developed. But for the Vs, the prediction model based on the machine learning method is limited. So, considering the advantage of the deep learning method, a multi-layer fully connected network (ML-FCN) was proposed to optimize the deep neural network (DNN) and adopted to train the prediction model based on the Vs and SPT dataset in this paper. The history dataset was divided into a training set, a validation set, and a testing set by a ratio of 6:2:2 for better evaluation. The SPT dataset was extracted to train a corresponding DNN prediction model. According to the comparison results, the model trained by ML-FCN DNN could predict the liquefaction potential with higher accuracy than the model proposed by Hanna et al. (Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 27(6):521–40, 2007), which is enough to be applied to real engineering, the parameter of Vs is essential to improve the model performance as for the three sets.

Reflection and refraction of elastic waves at the interface of an elastic solid and partially saturated soils

The present problem deals with the reflection and refraction of plane waves at the interface of an elastic solid and partially saturated soils. A mathematical model of partially saturated soils developed by Ghasemzadeh and Abounouri (Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 51:1–8, 2013) is employed. The incidence of two main waves (P and SV) is considered. As a result of the incident wave, two reflected waves (in an elastic solid) and four refracted waves (in partially saturated soils) are generated. The elastic solid behaves non-dissipative, while partially saturated soils behave dissipative due to the presence of viscous pore fluids, as a result of which the incident and reflected waves are homogeneous and all the refracted waves are inhomogeneous. The coefficients of reflection and refraction for a given incident wave result in a non-singular system of linear equations. Further, these reflection and refraction coefficients are used to obtain the energy shares of various reflected and refracted waves. This study has been numerically tested to determine the effects of various properties of partially saturated soils on the various energy shares. The numerical example confirms that during the reflection or refraction process conservation of incident energy is obtained at each angle of incidence.

Discussion on “Shear wave velocity of zeolite-cement grouted sands”, by Afshin Kordnaeij, Reza Ziaie Moayed and Majid Soleimani [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 122 (2019) 196–210

Discussion on “Shear wave velocity of zeolite-cement grouted sands”, by Afshin Kordnaeij, Reza Ziaie Moayed and Majid Soleimani [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 122 (2019) 196–210

Discussion of “Areal exceedance of ground motion as a characteristic of multiple-site seismic hazard: Sensitivity analysis” by V. Sokolov, F. Wenzel [Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 126 (2019), Article 105752

Discussion of “Areal exceedance of ground motion as a characteristic of multiple-site seismic hazard: Sensitivity analysis” by V. Sokolov, F. Wenzel [Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng. 126 (2019), Article 105752

Author's reply to discussion on “Shear wave velocity of zeolite-cement grouted sands” by Afshin Kordnaeij, Reza Ziaie Moayed, Majid Soleimani [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 122 (2019), 196–210

Author's reply to discussion on “Shear wave velocity of zeolite-cement grouted sands” by Afshin Kordnaeij, Reza Ziaie Moayed, Majid Soleimani [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 122 (2019), 196–210

Authors’ reply to discussion on “A parametric study on the effect of rotational ground motions on building structural responses” by F. Vicencio and N. A. Alexander [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 118 (2019) 191–206

Authors’ reply to discussion on “A parametric study on the effect of rotational ground motions on building structural responses” by F. Vicencio and N. A. Alexander [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 118 (2019) 191–206

Discussion on “A parametric study on the effect of rotational ground motions on building structural responses” by F. Vicencio and N.A. Alexander [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 118 (2019) 191–206

Discussion on “A parametric study on the effect of rotational ground motions on building structural responses” by F. Vicencio and N.A. Alexander [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 118 (2019) 191–206

Author's reply to Discussion on “Seismic instability of free-standing statues atop multispondyle columns: A heuristic very stable system of ancient technology” by A.N. Kounadis [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 119 (2019) 253–264

Author's reply to Discussion on “Seismic instability of free-standing statues atop multispondyle columns: A heuristic very stable system of ancient technology” by A.N. Kounadis [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 119 (2019) 253–264

Discussion on “Seismic instability of free-standing statues atop multispondyle columns: A heuristic very stable system of ancient technology”, by A.N. Kounadiis [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 119 (2019) 253–264

Discussion on “Seismic instability of free-standing statues atop multispondyle columns: A heuristic very stable system of ancient technology”, by A.N. Kounadiis [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 119 (2019) 253–264

Discussion on “Double wedge model for computing seismic sliding displacements of cantilever retaining walls” by P.R. Jadhav and A. Prashant, [Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 116 (2019) 570–579

Discussion on “Double wedge model for computing seismic sliding displacements of cantilever retaining walls” by P.R. Jadhav and A. Prashant, [Soil Dyn Earthquake Eng 116 (2019) 570–579

Discussion on “Residual displacement ratios of SDOF systems subjected to ground motions recorded on soft soil sites” by Ji D, Wen W, Zhai C, Katsanos EI [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 115 (2018) 331–335

A discussion on the paper by Ji et al. [1] is presented. The paper is focused on the evaluation of residual displacement ratios, named Cr, of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems subjected to a set of 120 earthquake ground motions recorded at site class E according to the FEMA 450 [2] document published in the United States. Based on their results, the authors introduced a predictive equation to obtain estimates of mean Cr. This paper discusses its main results and the proposed equation in the light of previous published research on the subject.

Discussion on “Seismic reliability assessment of earth-rockfill dam slopes considering strain- softening of rockfill based on generalized probability density evolution method” by R. Pang et al. [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 107 (2018) 96–107

This discussion is based on the paper by Pang et al. [1]. In this paper, the authors made important contribution to the understanding of seismic stability of rockfill dams by considering the effects of strain softening of materials and the uncertainty of earthquake excitations. It is well known that granular materials may exhibit significant softening behaviour depending on the magnitudes of confining stresses and shear strains, and such behaviour leads to a progressive propagation of failure zones in the relevant rockfill structure. This discussion presents some comments on the definition of safety factor, the representativeness of stochastic ground motions and the range of shear strains used in the reported dynamic response analyses, implying that some further clarification and / or improvement may be needed.

Authors’ reply to Discussion on “Vulnerability assessment methods for rocking and overturning of free standing elements” by Luisa Berto, Irene Rocca, Anna Saeta [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 110 (2018), 121–136

Authors’ reply to Discussion on “Vulnerability assessment methods for rocking and overturning of free standing elements” by Luisa Berto, Irene Rocca, Anna Saeta [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 110 (2018), 121–136

Discussion on “Cyclic behavior of saturated soft clay under stress path with bidirectional shear stresses” by X. Hu et al. [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 104 (2018) 319–28

• Stress paths used in bi-directional simple shear tests. • Materials tested in bi-directional simple shear tests. • Results in previous bi-directional simple shear tests. • Principal stress rotation in bi-directional simple shear tests. • Correlation between a stress path of a cyclic test and a monotonic test under the same initial conditions.

Discussion on “Vulnerability assessment methods for rocking and overturning of free standing elements” by Luisa Berto, Irene Rocca, Anna Saetta [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 110 (2018) 121–136

Discussion on “Vulnerability assessment methods for rocking and overturning of free standing elements” by Luisa Berto, Irene Rocca, Anna Saetta [Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 110 (2018) 121–136