Soil-applied Phosphorus Research Articles

Efficacy of Soil Applied Phosphorus and Foliar Zinc Application on Different Growth Stages to Improve Productivity of Maize (Zea mays)

Efficacy of Soil Applied Phosphorus and Foliar Zinc Application on Different Growth Stages to Improve Productivity of Maize (Zea mays)

Yield of Spring Grown Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Different Doses of Soil Applied Phosphorus in An Agroecology of Semi-arid Highlands with Mediterranean Climate

Background: This study was carried out to determine the effects of different phosphorus doses on the flowering, yield and yield components of spring grown chickpea crop under the ecological conditions of Siirt province in the experimental field of Siirt University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department during two seasons in 2018 and 2019. Methods: The study was carried out in randomized complete blocks design with three replications. Before planting, 140 kg ha-1 of DAP fertilizer (18.46.0) was spreaded and incorporated into the soil with a rake. Following emergence of plants, TSP fertilizer (0.42.0) was spreaded to the plots at doses of 0, 30, 60, 90 kg ha-1 P2O5 into the mellow humid soil. Result: All observed parameters were effected from phosphorus application doses. Based on different P doses, two years’ average plant height, first pod height; main branch number, flower number per plant, pod number per plant, grain number per plant, 100 grain weight and grain yield values were determined as 51,25-55,91 cm; 29,17-35,98 cm; 2,10-2,97 piece plant-1; 39,00-57,86 piece plant-1; 18,87-27,92 piece plant-1; 18,00-27,33 piece plant-1; 29,92-33,41 g and 969-1565 kg ha-1, respectively. Highest values for all parameters were obtained from 60 kg ha-1 P2O5 but further dose (60 kg ha-1 P2O5) resulted with reduction from top values for all parameters.

Improved potassium nutrition retrieves phosphorus-induced decrease in zinc uptake and grain zinc concentration of wheat.

The negative effect of soil-applied phosphorus (P) on zinc (Zn) uptake by plants and its concentration in food grains could be a possible reason for low dietary intake of Zn. Likewise, owing to its critical role in plant tolerance to other abiotic stresses, potassium (K) was thought to retrieve P-induced decrease in grain Zn concentration of wheat. To test the above hypothesis, the effect of K application (50 mg kg-1 soil) on Zn concentration in shoot/grains and its shoot-to-grain translocation was studied in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Galaxy-2013) under low and optimal supply of both P (10 and 50 mg kg-1 ) and Zn (0 and 5 mg kg-1 ). The response of growth parameters and grain yield to optimal Zn, P and K applications indicated that all nutrients were limiting plant growth at low levels. Irrespective of P level, Zn application at optimal rate increased Zn concentration and uptake by straw and grains of wheat. Contrarily, optimal P application decreased Zn concentration but increased Zn uptake by wheat straw. More specifically, combined application of Zn and P at optimal levels decreased Zn concentration in grains from 43 to 32 mg kg-1 compared with optimal Zn application alone. Potassium application to optimal P- and Zn-supplied plants increased remobilization of pre-anthesis straw Zn store to grains by 50% and decreased Zn concentration in straw. Consequently, K application along with optimal Zn and P supply to plants completely retrieved P-induced loss in grain Zn concentration and also increased grain Zn uptake from 891 to 1249 µg per pot without significantly affecting grain yield. The K-induced increase in grain Zn concentration is attributed to K-driven higher post-anthesis Zn uptake and remobilization of pre-anthesis straw Zn store to grains. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.

Foliar Applied Phosphorus as Top Up Approach of Soil Applied Phosphorus to Wheat under Glasshouse Conditions

Foliar Applied Phosphorus as Top Up Approach of Soil Applied Phosphorus to Wheat under Glasshouse Conditions

Modulation of alkaloid content, growth and productivity of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. using irradiated sodium alginate in combination with soil applied phosphorus

Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek) belongs to family Fabaceae and has been used as medicinal herb since times immemorial. Fenugreek seed-alkaloid, known as trigonelline, controls diabetes through operation of the mechanism of insulin secretion, modulation of β cell regeneration and stimulation of activity of glucose metabolism related enzymes. Gamma-irradiated sodium alginate (ISA) elicits plant defence responses and biological activities in plants. A pot experiment was conducted to explore the effect of foliage-applied ISA (0, 40, 80 and 120mgL−1) alone and in combination with soil-applied phosphorus (40kgPha−1) on growth, yield and quality attributes of fenugreek employing the soil deficient in phosphorus. Un-irradiated sodium alginate (UN 40mgL−1) and de-ionized water were used as control. Of the treatments employed, 80mgL−1 of ISA applied with 40kgPha−1 (P40) proved the best. It increased the chlorophyll content by 24.85 and 27.40%, carotenoids content by 15.00 and 23.52% at 60 and 90days after sowing, respectively. Besides, it increased the seed yield by 131.0%, trigonelline content by 17.84%, trigonelline yield by 174.0%, seed alkaloid content by 32.98% and seed alkaloid yield by 208.64% over the control. Gel permeation chromatography of ISA revealed the formation of low molecular weight fractions which might be responsible for plant growth promotion in this study. Trigonelline content was determined by isocratic HPLC equipment (Model, LC-20AD).

Phosphorus ameliorates crop productivity, photosynthesis, nitrate reductase activity and nutrient accumulation in coffee senna (Senna occidentalis L.) under phosphorus-deficient soil

Coffee senna (Senna occidentalis L.) plants were subjected to five phosphorus levels: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg P per kg soil (P0, P1, P2, P3 and P4, respectively). A pot culture experiment was conducted in a net house, AMU, Aligarh, India, under phosphorus-deficient soil. The present data indicates that soil-applied phosphorus significantly ameliorates most of the attributes studied. Out of five phosphorus levels, 75 mg P per kg soil (P3) proved best and enhanced fresh and dry weights, total chlorophyll and carotenoid content, nitrate reductase activity and leaf-NPK and Ca content, analyzed at 120, 270 and 300 days after sowing (DAS). The number of pods, seed-yield per plant and seed-protein content (330 DAS) were significantly enhanced by the P3 level, except the number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and total anthraquinone glycosides content, respectively. Transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and net photosynthetic rate were also enhanced by this treatment.

Genetic Variation for Phosphorus Use in Rice at Two Levels of Soil Applied Phosphorus

Genetic Variation for Phosphorus Use in Rice at Two Levels of Soil Applied Phosphorus

Genetic Variation for Phosphorus Use in Wheat at Two Levels of Soil Applied Phosphorus

Genetic Variation for Phosphorus Use in Wheat at Two Levels of Soil Applied Phosphorus

Phosphorus-copper interactions in the incidence of chlorosis in garden peas (Pisum sativum L.) on calcareous soil

Results of a field trial designed to study the effects of soil-applied phosphorus and copper on the incidence of iron chlorosis in garden peas showed that there were significant reductions in chlorophyll content and peroxidase activity in leaves of plants treated with phosphorus and copper. However, foliar spray of Fe-EDDHA, a stable iron chelate, had no effects on these parameters. Green pod yield of peas was also found significantly reduced with phosphorus and copper applications. But Fe-EDDHA caused significant increase in pod yield. It is suggested that excess of P and Cu in leaves interfere with metabolic translocation of iron and render Fe inactive for chlorophyll synthesis.

Relationship Between Trifluralin and Phosphorus on Transplanted Tomatoes

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill. ‘Campbell 17’) plant height and dry weight of tops decreased with increasing rates of α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) and increased with increasing rates of phosphorus. Trifluralin and phosphorus interacted in their effects on root growth; phosphorus was less effective in promoting root growth as the rate of trifluralin increased. Phosphorus content of plant tops increased with each increment of soil-applied phosphorus at 0 and 0.84 kg/ha of trifluralin, but each increment of applied phosphorus did not significantly increase plant phosphorus content at higher rates of trifluralin. The inhibitory effect of trifluralin on phosphorus uptake diminished with time in 1969. Interactions between trifluralin and phosphorus did not occur in 1970.

Regulation of Amitrole and Diuron Toxicity by Phosphorus

The influence of soil-applied phosphorus on the phytotoxicity of soil-applied 3-amino-s-triazole (amitrole) and 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron) for corn(Zea maysL.), ryegrass(Lolium multiflorumL.), rye(Secale cerealeL.), snapbeans(Phaseolus vulgarisL.), soybeans(Glycine max(L.) Mers.), sorghum(Sorghum vulgarePers.), wheat(Triticum aestivumL.), cotton(Gossypium hirsutumL.), peanuts(Arachis hypogaeaL.), and peas(Pisum sativumL.) was studied under greenhouse conditions. All species except cotton and peanuts indicated an amitrole-phosphorus interaction. Greater phytotoxicity was found for a given rate of amitrole as the soil phosphorus level was increased. A diuron-phosphorus interaction was observed for cotton and soybeans only.