Software Development Research Research Articles

Enhancing the Robustness of the E_BLIND/D_LC Digital Watermarking Algorithm Against DCT-Filtering Removal Attacks

The paper focuses on evaluating and improving the robustness of watermarking algorithms against DCT-filtering, a common image processing technique that can be used to remove embedded watermarks from cover images. The study examines the EBLIND/DLC watermarking algorithm, which operates in the spatial domain and is designed to embed a 1-bit message into an image. To evaluate robustness against DCT-filtering, the research utilizes software implementations of the watermarking algorithms, the dctdnoiz filter from FFmpeg, and the Flickr8k image database, which contains 8091 images. An extension to the E_BLIND/D_LC algorithm is proposed to enhance its robustness against DCT-filtering. The paper presents an experiment comparing the robustness of the extended algorithm with the original E_BLIND/D_LC. The results demonstrate that the extended algorithm improves robustness against DCT-filtering and also maintains better image quality, as measured by the PSNR metric, at equal levels of robustness in terms of the number of successful watermark detections after filtering. This suggests that the proposed extension effectively balances enhanced robustness against DCT-filtering with the preservation of image quality. The experiment confirms that the extended version outperforms the original algorithm in both detection reliability and image quality under DCT-filtering conditions. The paper includes links to the algorithm implementations on C++ programming language and the Python testing scripts, which can be useful for further research and practical applications in software development.

May the Source Be with You: On ChatGPT, Cybersecurity, and Secure Coding

Software security is an important topic that is gaining more and more attention due to the rising number of publicly known cybersecurity incidents. Previous research has shown that one way to address software security is by means of a serious game, the CyberSecurity Challenges, which are designed to raise awareness of software developers of secure coding guidelines. This game, proven to be very successful in the industry, makes use of an artificial intelligence technique (laddering technique) to implement a chatbot for human–machine interaction. Recent advances in machine learning have led to a breakthrough, with the implementation and release of large language models, now freely available to the public. Such models are trained on a large amount of data and are capable of analyzing and interpreting not only natural language but also source code in different programming languages. With the advent of ChatGPT, and previous state-of-the-art research in secure software development, a natural question arises: to what extent can ChatGPT aid software developers in writing secure software? In this work, we draw on our experience in the industry, and also on extensive previous work to analyze and reflect on how to use ChatGPT to aid secure software development. Towards this, we conduct two experiments with large language models. Our engagements with ChatGPT and our experience in the field allow us to draw conclusions on the advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of the usage of this new technology.

PyScribe–Learning to describe python code

AbstractCode comment generation, which attempts to summarize the functionality of source code in textual descriptions, plays an important role in automatic software development research. Currently, several structural neural networks have been exploited to preserve the syntax structure of source code based on abstract syntax trees (ASTs). However, they can not well capture both the long‐distance and local relations between nodes while retaining the overall structural information of AST. To mitigate this problem, we present a prototype tool titled PyScribe, which extends the Transformer model to a new encoder‐decoder‐based framework. Particularly, the triplet position is designed and integrated into the node‐level and edge‐level structural features of AST for producing Python code comments automatically. This paper, to the best of our knowledge, makes the first effort to model the edges of AST as an explicit component for improved code representation. By specifying triplet positions for each node and edge, the overall structural information can be well preserved in the learning process. Moreover, the captured node and edge features go through a two‐stage decoding process to yield higher qualified comments. To evaluate the effectiveness of PyScribe, we resort to a large dataset of code‐comment pairs by mining Jupyter Notebooks from GitHub, for which we have made it publicly available to support further studies. The experimental results reveal that PyScribe is indeed effective, outperforming the state‐ofthe‐art by achieving an average BLEU score (i.e., av‐BLEU) of 0.28.

Evaluation of an artificial intelligence project in the software industry based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and complex adaptive systems

PurposeArtificial intelligence (AI) is the most progressive commodity among current information system applications. In-house development and sales of beneficial products are difficult for many software development and service companies (SDSCs). SDSCs have some implicit concerns about implementing AI software development due to the complexity of AI technology; they require an evaluation framework to avoid development failure. To fill the void, this study identified the factors influencing SDSCs when developing AI software development.Design/methodology/approachBased on complex adaptive systems theory, three aspects were developed as the main factors of hierarchy, namely, employees' capabilities, environmental resources and team capabilities. Fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) was used to assess the SDSCs' attitude. Based on SDSCs, attitudes toward implementing AI software projects were collected to calculate the hierarchy of factors.FindingsThe outcome of FAHP is used as understanding the key factors of SDSCs for selecting an AI software project, toward the improvement of overall project planning. Employees' stress resistance was considered as a priority for the project, although professional AI skills and resources were also important.Originality/valueThis study suggested three variables developed using complex adaptive systems. This study contributes to a better understanding of the critical aspects of developing AI software projects in SDSCs. The study's findings have practical and academic implications for SDSCs and subsequent academic development, broadening the scope of AI software development research.

Knowledge diffusion trajectories of agile software development research: A main path analysis

Knowledge diffusion trajectories of agile software development research: A main path analysis

Pengembangan Sistem Deteksi Kemiripian TA Berbasis Algoritma Rabin Karp & Levensthein Naskah Skripsi Mahasiswa JTIK

This research is a software development research that aims to create a reading detection system for student thesis in the Department of Informatics and Computer Engineering, Makassar State University using the PHP programming language with the Laravel Framework. The technique used to retrieve data from the web is using CURL from PHP. This study uses a prototype development model with stages: requirements gathering, rapid design, prototype evaluation by users, large-scale design, testing, and system implementation. Data was collected using documentation, observation and questionnaire techniques. The system is validated by two system experts. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis techniques. Based on the research results, a system was produced that could be used to check the correctness of documents properly. Based on the test results using the ISO 25010 quality standard, the plagiarism system has met the standards where: (a) The functionality aspect has a value of 1 (Very Good) (b) The performance aspect obtained a performance value of 83.71% (Grade B) and time response 2.2 seconds (Accepted); (c) The portability aspect obtains a portability score of 1 (Very Decent); (d) the usability aspect obtained a usability level of 86.27% (Very Good); (e) The Reliability aspect obtains a proportion per test value of 100%, this indicates that the system being developed has high reliability; (f) Compatibility Aspect This characteristic measures the extent to which a product, system or other component; and (g) Security aspect, the acquisition of test scores from the immune scanner shows that the system security level is at level C so that it can be concluded that the security level of this system is in the Good category. Based on the research results of the TA reasoning selection system based on the Rabin-Karp & Levensthein thesis script of JTIK students after being validated and tested using the ISO 25010 standard, it can be concluded that all aspects tested have met software quality standards. The results of this test have shown the quality assurance of the product being developed so that it can be stated that this system is feasible to use.

Multilayer self‐attention residual network for code search

SummarySoftware developers usually search existing code snippets in open source code repositories to modify and reuse them. Therefore, how to get the right code snippet from the open‐source code repository quickly and accurately is the focus of current software development research. Nowadays, code search is one of the solutions. To improve the accuracy of source code feature information representation and the accuracy of code search. A multilayer self‐ attention residual network‐based code search model (MSARN‐CS) is proposed in this paper. In the MSARN‐CS model, not only the weight of each word in the code sequence unit is considered but also the effect of embedding between code sequence units is calculated. In addition, an optimization model of residuals is introduced to compensate for the loss of information in the code sequences during the model training. To verify the search effectiveness of the MSARN‐CS model, three other baseline models are compared on the basis of extensive source code data. The experimental results show that the MSARN‐CS model has better search results compared with the baseline model. For parameter Recall@1, the experimental result of MSARN‐CS model was 9.547, which as 100.90%, 73.87%, 60.37%, and 2.55% better compared to CODEnn, CRLCS, SAN‐CS‐ and SAN‐CS, respectively. For the parameter Recall@5, the results improved by 26.67%, 36.23%, 36.21%, and 1.63%, respectively, and for the parameter Recall@10, the results improved by 13.92%, 25.70%, 20.78%, and 2.23%, respectively. For the parameter mean reciprocal rank, the results improved by 52.89%, 76.17%, 63.38%, and 3.88%, respectively. For the parameter normalized discounted cumulative gain, the results improved by 54.22%, 60.55%, 50.28%, and 3.30%, respectively. The MSARN‐CS model proposed in the paper can effectively improve the accuracy of code search and enhance the programming efficiency of developers.

MZA: A Data Conversion Tool to Facilitate Software Development and Artificial Intelligence Research in Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry.

Modern mass spectrometry-based workflows employing hybrid instrumentation and orthogonal separations collect multidimensional data, potentially allowing deeper understanding in omics studies through adoption of artificial intelligence methods. However, the large volume of these rich spectra challenges existing data storage and access technologies, therefore precluding informatics advancements. We present MZA (pronounced m-za), the mass-to-charge (m/z) generic data storage and access tool designed to facilitate software development and artificial intelligence research in multidimensional mass spectrometry measurements. Composed of a data conversion tool and a simple file structure based on the HDF5 format, MZA provides easy, cross-platform and cross-programming language access to raw MS-data, enabling fast development of new tools in data science programming languages such as Python and R. The software executable, example MS-data and example Python and R scripts are freely available at https://github.com/PNNL-m-q/mza.

A collaborative method for code clone detection using a deep learning model

Code cloning (CC) is the process of copying and reconfiguring a code fragment and using it in another part of a software project. This clones increases the running overhead of the software. As a result, Code Clone Detection (CCD) has become an active research area in software development research. The detection of Large-Variance Code Clones (LV-CCs) is very difficult when the lines of codes (LOCs) in the source code are very large. The distance metrics have been used in LV-CC detection by calculating the distance between training feature sets of source codes and testing feature sets of source codes. However, threshold selection for detecting clones is a challenging issue in distance-based LV-CC detection. To solve this, a Collaborative CCD using Deep Learning (CCCD-DL) is developed in this paper by utilising lexical, syntactic, semantic and structural features for identifying all types of clones together. A lexical feature is extracted from Clone Pairs (CPs) identified by LV-Mapper. Syntactic and semantic features are identified by the Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) and Control Flow Graph (CFG). The structural features are extracted by code size metrics (CZMs) and object-oriented metrics (OOMs). All features are coordinated and fed into the input layer of DNN. The hidden layer then transforms the inputs into the neural vertices in the multi-classification stage using linear transformation preceded by suppressing non-linearity. This process can generate a complicated and non-hypothetical prototype with a weight matrix for fitting the training sequence. Thus, the feed-forward step has been successfully completed. This model then uses back-propagation in the following element to modify the weight matrix based on the training set. Finally, a softmax layer converts the clone detection task into a classification process. The results of the experiments show that the proposed method solves distance-based problems more quickly and effectively than the traditional methods for the CCD.

Perancangan Aplikasi Administrasi SPP Online Berbasis Web Pada Sekolah Dasar

This research aims to design a web-based online tuition fee administration application for use in Adhyaksa Elementary School located in Jambi City. The development of this application aims to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of managing tuition fee administration and increase parental involvement in the payment process. The research will utilize a software development research method, comprising phases of needs analysis, application design, implementation, and testing. Data will be collected through interviews with the school authorities and relevant literature study concerning tuition fee administration and web-based applications. The results of the needs analysis will be used to design the online tuition fee administration application that suits the requirements and characteristics of Adhyaksa Elementary School in Jambi City. Subsequently, the application will be implemented using web technologies and programming languages that are appropriate for the purpose. In conclusion, the research has successfully developed the Web-Based Online Tuition Fee Administration Application for Adhyaksa Elementary School in Jambi City. The system functions well and includes features such as generating tuition fee invoices, recording fee payments, and sending payment notifications to parents/guardians.

Development of Lecture Attendance System Using QR Code in Information and Computer Engineering Education Study Program of Universitas Negeri Makassar

This research is a software development research that aims to develop a lecture attendance system because from the past until now the computer engineering and informatics education study program did not have an attendance database, therefore the attendance data collection itself was done manually which could trigger human error and attendance fraud which is often done by students. Therefore it is necessary to develop a student attendance information system using a QR Code. The application quality based on ISO 9126 quality standards. In this study, system data analysis and collection, prototyping, prototyping, system coding, system testing, system evaluation, and system use. Data was collected using interviews, observation, and survey techniques. The system was validated by two system experts and evaluated by 40 students from the In-formation Technology and Computer Engineering study program at UNM. Data analysis used descriptive statistical analysis techniques. Based on these findings, we created an application that can manage wedding guest data. Based on the test results, you will get the following results: (a) Very good functionality in this category; (b) The maintainability aspect has met the maintainability standard; (c) The portability aspect is rated 1 or very good category; (d) Aspect of reliability with a percentage value of 99.9 so that it meets the reliability standards set in the Telcordia standard; (e) The efficiency aspect of this application is Grade B with a performance percentage of 83; and (f) The system user rating (usability aspect) has a score of 88.05 or very good in the category.

SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRESSURE ULCER SCALE FOR HEALING (PUSH): AN INNOVATION STUDY

Objective: To develop a software for pressure injury assessment and monitoring using the pressure ulcer scale for healing (PUSH). Method: This is a methodological research of technological innovation and software development. An application was developed to monitor pressure injuries using the PUSH created by National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel, and it went through the content validation process. Result: This study resulted in the first stage of an integrative review, in which nine articles were identified between the years 2012 and 2018. In the second stage, the process of building the application took place. It has 16 screens, among them PUSH scale, monitoring through graphics, and anamnesis. In the third stage, the content validation process was carried out, and it was obtained an overall content validity index of 0.95, an acceptable value to validate an instrument. Conclusion: It was observed that the software is applicable and serves as support to the clinical practice of the nursing professional.

Logical framework of information technology: Systematization of software development research

This article aims to present a comprehensive Logical Framework for Information Technology (IT) Research, specifically for developing customized IT applications or software. The methodology of writing this article uses a content analysis with the main source of literature review, Focus Discussion Group, and also based on the experience and knowledge of the authors as lecturers of Software Engineering and Software Project Management. This article shows that although current IT development approaches or methodologies (especially software development methodology) continue to develop, good IT design is carried out through six main stages, namely planning, analysis, design, construction, implementation, and maintenance. The success of IT implementation depends on the good process of all stages of IT design. The involvement of all actors/ stakeholders in IT design is essential to be accommodated at all stages of IT design. Quality also becomes the main goal and controls every process of IT development.

Çevik Yazılım Geliştirme Metodolojisi Üzerine Bir Üçüncül Çalışma ve Sosyal Ağ Analizi

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in research and application of agile software development. In academic literature, the number of systematic literature reviews (SLRs), systematic mapping studies, and unsystematic reviews has also increased. One of the aims of this article is to create a tertiary study of SLRs on agile software development research topics between 2013 and 2018. Our second goal is to provide an in-depth analysis with data including reference, author, institution, etc. belonging to this tertiary study, and to provide an in-depth analysis for software engineering researchers and practitioners to reveal the relationships of developments in this field. We applied a two-stage research method within the scope of the study. First, we obtained and examined the systematic literature reviews published in the field of agile software development from Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, and IEEE academic databases. Second, we visualized the publications examined within the scope of the tertiary study, and revealed the relationships between publications, researchers, institutions, publication sources, and countries with VOSviewer and Gephi social network analysis tools. The findings obtained as a result of the study can be summarized as the fact that developing countries have more studies on the subject, the cited publications are mostly from developed countries, contrary to what is expected, distant countries are more in cooperation, and the number of citations is not directly proportional to the number of publications.

SISTEM INFORMASI ASET (SIMaset) BARANG DAN DOKUMEN BERBASIS WEB

Web-based asset management needs to be developed to facilitate data collection of goods and documents in higher education because it is related to data security. It is necessary to develop an online information system that is accurate and easy. This research is in the form of software development research which aims to develop a web-based SIMAset application and test the quality of the application based on the ISO25010 quality standard which consists of aspects of Functionality, Reliability, Portability and Usability. The method used is R & D. The development model used in this research is Prototype. Based on the results of the research, a web-based application is produced that can be used in online college inventory management. The results of the validation test from the expert team showed that the SIMaset developed was very suitable to be used as an information system for managing goods and inventory documents. For further research, this system will develop certain menus that are tailored to the needs of asset and document archiving.

PERANCANGAN PERANGKAT LUNAK BANTU PEMBELAJARAN MATA KULIAH PERANGKAT KERAS BERBASIS PHP

This research is a software development research that aims to develop learning aids software for hardware subjects based on PHP (Perl Hypertext Preprocessor) in the Computer and Informatics Engineering Study Program, Department of Electrical Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Makassar University. The design of instructional media is carried out by collecting learning materials then designing the software and the necessary database. The learning media that has been created are then validated by two media experts. The objects in this study were 37 students of class 04 class 2012 Informatics and Computer Engineering Education Department of Electrical Engineering Education Faculty of Engineering, Makassar State University, as many as 37 people who program hardware courses in the even semester of the 2012-2013 academic year. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire given to respondents. The results of the descriptive analysis show that the views of PTIK JPTE FT UNM students on the implementation of PHP learning media in the Hardware course are in the good category or equal to 91.89%.

A Survey on Software Defect Prediction Using Deep Learning

Defect prediction is one of the key challenges in software development and programming language research for improving software quality and reliability. The problem in this area is to properly identify the defective source code with high accuracy. Developing a fault prediction model is a challenging problem, and many approaches have been proposed throughout history. The recent breakthrough in machine learning technologies, especially the development of deep learning techniques, has led to many problems being solved by these methods. Our survey focuses on the deep learning techniques for defect prediction. We analyse the recent works on the topic, study the methods for automatic learning of the semantic and structural features from the code, discuss the open problems and present the recent trends in the field.

Global virtual teams coordination mechanisms: building theory from research in software development

ABSTRACT The advent of globalisation has led to the growing use of global virtual teams (GVT) for software development. The use of such teams enables organisations to operate across national, economic and social, and cultural boundaries; this new form of teamwork presents challenges for traditional coordination mechanisms. Hence, a range of new operational problems for the coordination of software development teams have emerged due to the nature of virtual work: these are related to issues of geographical distance, language differences, time zone(s) differences, cultural differences, and trust. This paper applies a theoretical model drawn from prior research to explore the coordination mechanisms employed by a global virtual software development team in a major multi-national telecommunications organisation. The study analyses the impact that the aforementioned issues have on the effectiveness of project team coordination mechanisms and then develops a refined conceptual model to guide future research on global virtual software development teams. The findings also inform practice on the problems encountered in ensuring the effective coordination of such teams.

Issues, challenges, and a proposed theoretical core of agile software development research

AbstractOver the last two decades, agile software development (ASD) has garnered much attention in both research and practice. Several ASD methods and techniques have been developed and studied. In particular, researchers have provided several theoretical perspectives on ASD and contributed rich insights to the ASD practice. Still, despite calls for a more unified theoretical understanding of ASD, a theoretical core of ASD has not been identified. This paper offers a theoretical core of ASD research, clarifying what is essential and what is less essential for IS agility, hoping to spark a scholarly discussion, and provides implications of such a core for understanding method tailoring.

Socio-Technical Congruence as an Emerging Concept in Software Development: A Scientometric Analysis and Critical Literature Review

Ample evidence in the literature emphasizes using socio-technical congruence (STC) to address coordination issues in distributed software development. The recent decades have shown a progressive growth in STC, resulting in an increasing number of research studies in the scientific corpora. However, no existing study has systematically analyzed and illustrated the research patterns, latest trends, and evolution in STC. This study aims to explore the knowledge structure and create evolutionary trajectories from STC publications. To achieve this aim, a scientometric analysis is performed that combined a critical literature review (CLR) of STC-related published research in the Web of Science and Scopus databases from 2000 to 2020. The scientometric analysis is conducted through four scientometric techniques: 1) co-word network analysis; 2) co-author network analysis; 3) co-citation analysis; 4) document clustering with timeline analysis. The study outcomes will help understand and visualize STC’s research status quo. CLR is objectively conducted to recognize the latest research topics, themes, and salient features of STC research in software development. A total of 306 bibliographic data are analyzed to generate study-related networks and density visualizations. The results reveal an evolution in the STC field from its conception to the recent developments of STC models and other related factors. This study primarily contributes to the literature by providing a systematic view related to STC research to assist software practitioners in identifying applications and key research areas. Moreover, the combination of scientometric analysis and CLR reveals key researchers, journals and conferences, institutions, prominent contributing countries, and six major research themes, including “community structure” and “socio-technical congruence” as the most prominent ones.