Treatment Of Soft Tissue Sarcomas Research Articles

Histology-Tailored Approach to Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Soft tissue sarcomas are a diverse and heterogeneous group of cancers of mesenchymal origin. Each histological type of soft tissue sarcoma has unique clinical particularities, which makes them challenging to diagnose and treat. Multidisciplinary management of these rare diseases is thus key for improved survival. The role of surgery has been well established, and it represents the cornerstone curative treatment for soft tissue sarcomas. To date, local recurrence is the leading cause of death in low-grade sarcomas located at critical sites, and distant metastasis in high-grade sarcomas, regardless of the site of origin. Management must be tailored to each individual histologic type. We describe the most common types of extremity, trunk, abdominal, and retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma along with characteristics to consider for optimized management.

One-Stage Surgical Resection and Functional Reconstruction for Upper Limb Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Currently, the gold standard of treatment for extremity soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is limb-sparing surgery. When the upper extremity is involved, the functional outcome is frequently poor. A 1-step resection and functional reconstruction would be advisable to obtain a fast recovery. Our study aims at retrospectively analyzing our case series of immediate nerves and tendons reconstructions of the upper limb after STS resection, while combining a review of the literature. A retrospective review was conducted on a consecutive series of patients who underwent an immediate functional reconstruction after STS resection of the upper limb between 2015 and 2022 among the IRCCS Foundation "Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori." The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score was considered the primary outcome. The obtained DASH scores were compared through groups that underwent different reconstructive procedures. The literature review was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis) criteria among 3 databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane) using the search parameters "(((upper extremity) OR (upper limb)) AND (functional reconstruction) AND (soft tissue sarcoma)." Between 2015 and 2022, 52 patients required a functional reconstruction. The mean follow-up time was 49.63 months. The DASH score analysis reported a mean value of 44.1 ± 26.7. A statistically significant difference was found between groups who underwent different reconstruction techniques, whereas no difference was found regarding exposure to neoadjuvant radiation therapy. The literature review reported few articles focusing on immediate functional reconstruction after STS resection, and only 6 articles were included in the review. Our review aimed at reporting our case series of immediate functional reconstructions after STS of the upper extremity, which is currently the most substantial one reported in literature to set an effective baseline for further studies in the field.

The efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with chemotherapy in treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcoma

BackgroundTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS).MethodsA total of 14 patients with advanced STS consisting of 4 liposarcoma, 3 undifferentiated polymorphous sarcoma, 2 synovial sarcoma, 1 Extraosseous ewing sarcoma, 1 spindle cell sarcoma, 1 Sarcomatoid malignant mesothelioma, 1 hemangiosarcoma, and 1 fibrosarcoma, were treated with anlotinib plus chemotherapy. The anlotinib was combined with chemotherapy as the first-line treatment in 13 patients, and as second-line treatment in 1 patient. Chemotherapy regimens were based on anthracyclines and ifosfamide, and other drugs included paclitaxel, and so on. Efficacy and safety were evaluated every 2 treatment cycles.ResultsAccording to the stage of AJCC, 9 patients were stage III and 5 patients were stage IV. The average cycle of treatment is 3.86. Among the 14 patients, 2 cases had received surgical treatment after neoadjuvant chemothrapy, 5 cases had partial response (PR), 7 cases had stable disease (SD), and 2 cases had progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate (ORR) was 35.7% (5/14). Patients who had not underwent surgical treatment were with a disease control rate (DCR) of 83.3% (10/12). The median progression free survival (PFS) was 8.25 months. The common treatment-related adverse effects included bone marrow suppression, nausea, vomiting and hypertension. Three patients had severe adverse effect, which was febrile neutropenia. No treatment-related death was found.ConclusionsAnlotinib combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of STS is effective and tolerable, which is a promising strategy. It is worthy of further clinical research.

Importância da análise histopatológica no diagnóstico de sarcoma de tecidos moles

The present work aimed to inform the importance of diagnosis through histopathological analysis of a grade II soft tissue sarcoma in a mixed breed bitch. Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is a type of malignant neoplasm that originates from mesenchymal tissues, affecting several species, but is more prevalent in medium and elderly dogs. Clinical signs are variable and depend on the location of the tumor, generally occurring in the pelvic limbs. In the present report, the patient in question had a history of a subcutaneous mass measuring 30 cm in diameter, weighing 5 kg, located on the right flank and pelvic limb. Therefore, the diagnosis was initiated through laboratory and cytopathological tests; however, definitive confirmation was obtained through histopathological analysis, confirming the diagnosis. That said, histopathological diagnosis is extremely important for determining the prognosis and choosing the most effective treatment, with surgical resection being the most indicated treatment for these cases. Although the prognosis is generally favorable after complete removal of the neoplastic mass, factors such as size, location and grade of the tumor significantly influence clinical results as in the case discussed. Reinforcing the need for a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnosis and treatment of STS, in order to promote quality of life for patients.

Therapy adherence after interdisciplinary tumour board discussion is associated with improved outcome in soft tissue sarcoma: A Charité Comprehensive Cancer Centre analysis.

Centralising soft tissue sarcoma (STS) treatment in expert centres and implementing comprehensive therapy concepts through interdisciplinary tumour boards (ITB) has led to significant treatment progress. However, our knowledge on the implementation of the ITB recommendations and its impact on patient outcome is limited. In this retrospective analysis, we examined a cohort of 222 adult patients (pts) with primary STS who were presented to the ITB of the Charité Comprehensive Cancer Centre between 2015 and 2020. In localised disease (n = 188), resection was recommended in 71% (n = 134) of pts. The treatment modalities chemotherapy with or without regional deep hyperthermia, and radiotherapy were recommended in 37% (n = 69), 26% (n = 48) and 52% (n = 97), respectively. Complex multidisciplinary concepts were established in 29% (n = 54) including ≥3 treatment modalities. Only partial adherence, either by choice of patient or treating physician, was associated with a higher risk of both progression (HR 4.0 95%-CI 1.6-9.7 p < .01) and mortality (HR 5.3 95%-CI 1.7-16.4 p < .01). Pts inable to follow the ITB recommendations due to complications or rapid progression showed a high-risk profile with increased mortality and progression rates (HR 18.1 95%-CI 8.5-38.2 p < .001; HR 21.5 95%-CI 8.5-54.7 p < .001). To our knowledge, this represents the first German Comprehensive Cancer Centre analysis of therapy adherence in STS. It provides further real-world evidence that full adherence to ITB recommendations and the ability to adhere to them are of prognostic value for patient outcome and underlines the importance of interdisciplinary decision-making and treatment planning for STS patients.

Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Cryoablation for Recurrent or Metastatic Soft-Tissue Sarcoma in Adult Patients.

BACKGROUND. Treatment options are limited in patients with recurrent or metastatic disease after initial treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) by surgical resection, radiation, or systemic therapy. Percutaneous cryoablation may provide a complementary minimally invasive option in this setting. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this article was to assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous cryoablation performed for local control of treatment-refractory recurrent or metastatic STS. METHODS. This single-institution retrospective study included adult patients who underwent percutaneous cryoablation from January 2016 to April 2023 to achieve local control of recurrent or metastatic STS after earlier treatment (surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy). For each treated lesion, a single interventional radiologist rereviewed intraprocedural images to assess for adequate coverage by the ice ball of the entire lesion and a 5-mm or greater margin in all dimensions. Complications and outcomes were extracted from medical records. The primary end point for procedure efficacy was 1-year local progression-free survival. RESULTS. The study included 141 patients (median age, 66 years; 90 women, 51 men) who underwent 217 cryoablation procedures to treat 250 recurrent or metastatic STS lesions. The most common STS histologic types were leiomyosarcoma (56/141) and liposarcoma (39/141). Lesions had a mean long-axis diameter of 2.0 cm (range, 0.4-11.0 cm). Adequate ice-ball coverage was achieved for 82% (204/250) of lesions. The complication rate was 2% (4/217), including three major complications and one minor complication. Patients' median postablation follow-up was 25 months (range, 3-80 months). Local progression-free survival rate was 86% at 1 year and 79% at 2 years. The chemotherapy-free survival rate was 45% at 1 year and 31% at 2 years. The overall survival (OS) rate was 89% at 1 year and 80% at 2 years. In Kaplan-Meier analysis, leiomyosarcoma, in comparison with liposarcoma, had significantly higher local progression-free survival but no significant difference in OS. In multivariable analysis, factors independently associated with an increased risk for local progression included inadequate ice-ball coverage (HR = 7.34) and a lesion location of peritoneum (HR = 3.63) or retroperitoneum (HR = 3.71) relative to lung. CONCLUSION. Percutaneous cryoablation has a favorable safety and efficacy profile in patients with recurrent or metastatic STS after earlier treatments. CLINICAL IMPACT. Percutaneous cryoablation should be considered for local control of treatment-refractory STS.

Comprehensive analysis of prognostic and immunological role of basement membrane-related genes in soft tissue sarcoma.

Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) represents highly multifarious malignant tumors that often occur in adolescents and have a poor prognosis. The basement membrane, as an ancient cellular matrix, was recently proven to play a vital role in developing abundant tumors. The relationship between basement membrane-related genes and STS remains unknown. Consensus clustering was employed to identify subgroups related to differentially expressed basement membrane-related genes. Cox and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression analyses were utilized to construct this novel signature. Then, we established a nomogram and calibration curve, including the risk score and available clinical characteristics. Finally, we carried out functional enrichment analysis and immune microenvironment analysis to investigate enriched pathways and the tumor immune microenvironment related to the novel signature. A prognostic predictive signature consisting of eight basement membrane-related genes was established. Kaplan-Meier survival curves demonstrated that the patients in the high-risk group had a poor prognosis. Independent analysis illustrated that this risk model could be an independent prognostic predictor. We validated the accuracy of our signature in the validation data set. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis and immune microenvironment analysis showed that patients with low-risk scores were enriched in some pathways associated with immunity. Finally, in vitro experiments showed significantly differential expression levels of these signature genes in STS cells and PSAT1 could promote the malignant behavior of STS. The novel signature is a promising prognostic predictor for STS. The present study may improve the prognosis and enhance individualized treatment for STS in the future.

Definitive particle therapy using protons or carbon ions for dedifferentiated liposarcoma

BackgroundParticle therapy is effective for the treatment of soft tissue sarcomas. However, the clinical outcomes of definitive particle therapy, particularly for dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLS), remain unknown. PurposeTo analyze the treatment outcomes of proton and carbon ion particle therapies for DDLS. MethodsWe retrospectively included patients with DDLS who were treated with particle therapy between 2008 and 2022. The local control (LC), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were evaluated. ResultsFifty-seven patients were included in this analysis. The median patient age was 68 years (range, 36–91 years). The most common tumor site was the retroperitoneum (n = 37), with a median gross tumor volume (GTV) of 181 cm3. Twenty-nine patients received proton therapy, and 28 patients received carbon ion therapy. The most common fractionation dose was 70.4 Gy (relative biological effectiveness) in 32 fractions (72.7 Gy equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions [EQD2]). The median follow-up time was 33 months (range, 1–128 months). The 3-year LC, PFS, and OS rates were 73.1 %, 44.6 %, and 70.6 %, respectively. Patients who received a higher prescribed dose (≥72.7 Gy EQD2) showed significantly better LC (p = 0.04) than did those who received a lower prescribed dose. Moreover, those with a larger GTV (≥181 cm3) had significantly worse OS (p = 0.04) than did those with a smaller GTV. Late adverse events occurred in five (9 %) patients. ConclusionsParticle therapy using protons or carbon ions for the treatment of DDLS is safe and provides good OS and LC. However, further studies with longer follow-up periods and larger cohorts are warranted.

Evaluation of magnetic resonance thermometry performance during MR-guided hyperthermia treatment of soft-tissue sarcomas in the lower extremities and pelvis

Introduction This study evaluated the performance of magnetic resonance thermometry (MRT) during deep-regional hyperthermia (HT) in pelvic and lower-extremity soft-tissue sarcomas. Materials and methods 17 pelvic (45 treatments) and 16 lower-extremity (42 treatments) patients underwent standard regional HT and chemotherapy. Pairs of double-echo gradient-echo scans were acquired during the MR protocol 1.4 s apart. For each pair, precision was quantified using phase data from both echoes (‘dual-echo’) or only one (‘single-echo’) in- or excluding body fat pixels in the field drift correction region of interest. The precision of each method was compared to that of the MRT approach using a built-in clinical software tool (SigmaVision). Accuracy was assessed in three lower-extremity patients (six treatments) using interstitial temperature probes. The Jaccard coefficient quantified pretreatment motion; receiver operating characteristic analysis assessed its predictability for acceptable precision (<1 °C) during HT. Results Compared to the built-in dual-echo approach, single-echo thermometry improved the mean temporal precision from 1.32 ± 0.40 °C to 1.07 ± 0.34 °C (pelvis) and from 0.99 ± 0.28 °C to 0.76 ± 0.23 °C (lower extremities). With body fat-based field drift correction, single-echo mean accuracy improved from 1.4 °C to 1.0 °C. Pretreatment bulk motion provided excellent precision prediction with an area under the curve of 0.80–0.86 (pelvis) and 0.81–0.83 (lower extremities), compared to gastrointestinal air motion (0.52–0.58). Conclusion Single-echo MRT exhibited better precision than dual-echo MRT. Body fat-based field-drift correction significantly improved MRT accuracy. Pretreatment bulk motion showed improved prediction of acceptable MRT temporal precision over gastrointestinal air motion.

Omics technologies in diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue sarcomas

Omics technologies in diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue sarcomas

1743P A phase II study of fruquintinib in the 1L or 2L treatment of unresectable metastatic soft tissue sarcoma

1743P A phase II study of fruquintinib in the 1L or 2L treatment of unresectable metastatic soft tissue sarcoma

Limb salvage using radical combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy for myxofibrosarcoma of the lower leg in an elderly patient.

Soft tissue sarcomas account for only 1.5% of malignant tumors in adults and are therefore challenging to treat. We present a case of myxofibrosarcoma of the lower leg in an 88-year-old woman who successfully responded to combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy. We proposed a below-knee amputation because of the spread of the lesion, but the patient opted for hyperthermia with radiotherapy. One and a half years later, the tumor partially regrew, and the regrown mass was resected with an R0 margin. Unfortunately, the patient developed a surgical site infection immediately after the resection, and a skin ulcer formed. It took about 2years for conservative treatment to result in complete ulcer epithelization. The patient has been ambulant, and has not experienced any symptoms of local recurrence or metastasis in the two and a half years since the surgery. Although adverse events related to combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy, such as delayed wound healing, should be considered, it could be an option for the treatment of localized soft-tissue sarcoma, especially in elderly patients.

S-p-bromobenzyl-glutathione cyclopentyl diester (BBGC) as novel therapeutic strategy to enhance trabectedin anti-tumor effect in soft tissue sarcoma preclinical models

Trabectedin, approved for the treatment of soft tissue sarcoma (STS), interferes with cell division and genetic transcription processes. Due to its strong anti-tumor activity in only certain histotypes, several studies on trabectedin combinations are currently ongoing to improve its efficacy. In this study, we aimed to investigate novel potential therapeutic strategies to enhance the anti-tumor effect of trabectedin using integrated in silico, in vitro, and in vivo approaches. For in silico analysis, we screened two public datasets, GSEA M5190 and TCGA SARC. Fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, dedifferentiated, and myxoid liposarcoma cell lines were used for in vitro studies. For in vivo experiments, fibrosarcoma orthotopic murine model was developed. In silico analysis identified Glo1 as the only druggable target upregulated after trabectedin treatment and correlated with poor prognosis. The specific Glo1 inhibitor, S-p-bromobenzylglutathione cyclopentyl diester (BBGC), increased trabectedin cytotoxicity in STS cells, and restored drug sensitivity in myxoid liposarcoma cells resistant to trabectedin. Moreover, the combined treatment with BBGC and trabectedin had a synergistic antitumor effect in vivo without any additional toxicity to mice. Based on these results, we believe that BBGC warrants further investigation to evaluate its potential clinical use in combination with trabectedin.

Mapping the Course of Recovery Following Limb-Salvage Surgery for Soft-Tissue Sarcoma of the Extremities.

Despite the goal of an acceptable functional result, the surgical treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma can portend a prolonged course of recovery. More comprehensive data on the expected course of recovery following extremity sarcoma surgery are needed to help to inform physicians and patients. The purpose of the present study was to describe the typical course of functional recovery following limb-salvage resection of a soft-tissue sarcoma and to identify factors associated with a delayed postoperative course of recovery. A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained institutional database was performed for all patients undergoing surgical treatment with limb salvage of a soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities or pelvis with at least 1 year of follow-up after the definitive surgical procedure. All patients were required to have preoperative functional outcomes recorded for either the Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) or the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score and functional outcome measures at 1 year postoperatively. The primary outcome measures were time to recovery and maximal functional improvement. In this study, 916 patients met inclusion criteria following surgical resection of a soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities. The median follow-up was 74 months. Patients typically achieved a return to their baseline preoperative level of function for all functional outcome measures by 1 to 2 years and achieved maximal functional recovery by 2 years postoperatively. Older age, female sex, deep tumor location, larger tumor size, pelvic location, osseous resection, motor nerve resection, free and/or rotational soft-tissue coverage, and postoperative complications were independently associated with worse TESS and/or MSTS scores (p ≤ 0.05). Tumor recurrence was associated with worse functional outcomes scores. An analysis was performed to determine which patients had a prolonged course of recovery (i.e., were considered to still be recovering). Older age, female sex, larger tumor size, osseous resection, and motor nerve resection were associated with a delayed course of recovery (p ≤ 0.04). Complications and tumor recurrence were associated with delayed functional recovery across all domains. Most patients will achieve maximal recovery by 2 to 3 years following surgical resection for soft-tissue sarcoma of the extremities. Older age, female sex, larger tumor size, osseous resection, motor nerve resection, postoperative complications, and tumor recurrence portend poorer functional outcomes and a delayed course of recovery. Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

Immediate and delayed flap reconstruction have equivalent outcomes and associated costs following soft tissue sarcoma surgery.

Surgical treatment of soft tissue sarcoma (STS) involves wide resection of the tumor, which can necessitate soft tissue reconstruction with local or free tissue flaps. This retrospective study compares cost, surgical and oncologic outcomes between patients undergoing reconstruction with immediate versus delayed flap coverage following STS resection. Thirty-four patients who underwent planned flap reconstruction following resection of primary STS were identified retrospectively. Twenty-four (71%) received immediate reconstruction during the index surgery and 10 (29%) underwent planned delayed reconstruction. Preoperative patient-specific metrics, tumor characteristics, and surgical and patient outcomes were collected. Total hospital charges associated with every encounter during the perioperative period were obtained. Patient demographics, comorbidities, tumor metrics, and surgical characteristics were equivalent between groups. Postoperative wound complications, reoperations, readmissions, and disease-specific survival did not differ between cohorts. Costs associated with each reconstruction strategy were equivalent on bivariate and multivariate testing, when accounting for operating room time, hospital length of stay, and reoperation rate. Our study identifies no significant difference in patient outcome measures or cost between planned immediate and delayed flap reconstruction following STS resection. These results support the implementation of either treatment strategy in keeping with patient-centered, multidisciplinary care principles.

Mental Health Disorders and Surgical Outcomes in Patients With Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

We conducted a study to investigate the relationship between a mental health diagnosis (MHD) and postoperative outcomes in orthopedic patients with bone and soft tissue sarcoma. We hypothesized that patients with sarcoma with a preoperative MHD would have worse outcomes and more postoperative complications. A retrospective review was performed of 356 patients who underwent surgical treatment for bone or soft tissue sarcoma. Patients were divided into two groups: those with a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and/or schizophrenia and those with no previous MHD. Statistical analysis was performed using independent t, Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests. Statistical analysis demonstrated significant differences between the MHD group and the control group in three outcomes: length of stay, 90-day readmission rate, and incidence of surgical site infections. Subgroup analysis of the MHD group yielded significantly higher 90-day readmission rates for patients who were diagnosed during sarcoma treatment. Patients with sarcoma and an MHD had a longer postoperative hospital stay, an increased 90-day readmission rate, and a greater risk of surgical site infection. Given the rising prevalence of mental health disorders nationwide, orthopedic surgeons should be aware of differences in postoperative outcomes between patients with sarcoma with and without mental illness. [Orthopedics. 20XX;4X(X):XXX-XXX.].

Preoperative Ultrahypofractionated Radiation Therapy for Soft Tissue Sarcomas: Low Rate of Wound Complications

Background: Normofractionated pre-operative radiotherapy (nRT) with 50 Gy applied in 25 fractions represents the most widely used radiotherapy (RT) regimen in combined local treatment of soft tissue sarcomas (STS). STS are characterized by a low α/β ratio of 4-5 Gy, which may translate into a higher sensitivity for hypofractionation. Increasing data from cohorts and phase II trials on ultra-hypofractionated RT (uhRT) regimens is available. We prospectively assessed our preoperative uhRT sarcoma patient cohort with a focus on short term wound complications (WC). Methods: This is a prospective registry analysis of a single center patient cohort, treated from 03.2020-10.2023 with uhRT (25 Gy in 5 fractions in 1 week). The same radiation oncologists (GS/CG) and surgeon (BF) performed the treatment (61/61 and 58/60), as well as the same reference pathologist (BB) confirmed all histopathological diagnoses. WC (according to CAN-NCIC-SR2 trial) and intermediate local control (LC) rates were assessed and compared with outcome data of a previously published cohort of 67 extremity/trunk sarcoma patients treated with nRT by the same authors (7% WC, 98% LC at 3 years). Results: After a mean/median follow-up (FU) of 19/19 months (range 0-46), LC at 1.5y was 94%. Surgery was performed at a mean/median of 20/16 days (range 4-60) after uhRT completion. WC were observed in 7/60 operated patients (12%), and in 5/51 (10%) extremity/trunk lesions. Early tolerance was excellent, limited to G0-1, even in 3 patients with prior RT to the same region. Clear resection margins were achieved in 55/60 patients (92%). Pathologic necrosis of ≥95% was reported in 5%, 75% achieved less than <50% necrosis. Conclusion: These results show low rates of WC and high LC for uhRT and are comparable to our previously published nRT data. This study supports the routine use of preoperative uhRT for STS.

Evaluating [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 for the treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma in mice.

Fibroblast Activation Protein (FAP) is an emerging theranostic target that is highly expressed on cancer-associated fibroblasts and on certain tumor cells including sarcoma. We investigated the anti-tumor efficacy of [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 as monotherapy or in combination with immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in immunocompetent murine models of sarcoma sensitive or resistant to ICB. [68Ga]Ga- and [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 were tested in subcutaneous FAP+ FSA fibrosarcoma bearing C3H/Sed/Kam mice. The efficacy of up to three cycles of 60 kBq [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 was evaluated as monotherapy and in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody. Efficacy of [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 and/or ICB was further compared in FAP-overexpressing FSA (FSA-F) tumors that were sensitive to ICB or rendered ICB-resistant by tumor-induction in the presence of Abatacept. [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 was well tolerated up to 3 × 60 kBq but had minimal effect on FSA tumor growth. The combination of three cycles [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 and ICB resulted in growth delay in 55% of mice (6/11) and partial tumor regression in 18% (2/11) of mice. In FSA-F tumors with FAP overexpression, both [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 and ICB were effective without additional benefits from the combination. In locally immunosuppressed and ICB resistant FAP-F tumors, however, [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 restored responsiveness to ICB, resulting in significant tumor regression and tumor-free survival of 56% of mice in the combination group up to 60 days post treatment. [225Ac]Ac-FAPI-46 efficacy is correlated with tumoral FAP expression levels and can restore responsiveness to PD-1 ICB. These data illustrate that careful patient selection based on target expression and rationally designed combination therapies are critically important to maximize the therapeutic impact of FAP-targeting radioligands.

Introduction and impact of routine whole genome sequencing in the diagnosis and management of sarcoma

BackgroundSarcomas are diverse neoplasms with highly variable histological appearances in which diagnosis is often challenging and management options for metastatic/unresectable disease limited. Many sarcomas have distinctive molecular alterations, but the range of alterations is large, variable in type and rapidly increasing, meaning that testing by limited panels is unable to capture the broad spectrum of clinically pertinent genomic drivers required. Paired whole genome sequencing (WGS) in contrast allows comprehensive assessment of small variants, copy number and structural variants along with mutational signature analysis and germline testing.MethodsIntroduction of WGS as a diagnostic standard for all eligible patients with known or suspected soft tissue sarcoma over a 2-year period at a soft tissue sarcoma treatment centre.ResultsWGS resulted in a refinement in the diagnosis in 37% of cases, identification of a target for personalised therapy in 33% of cases, and a germline alteration in 4% of cases.ConclusionIntroduction of WGS poses logistical and training challenges, but offers significant benefits to this group of patients.

P-344 Systematic review of the gonadotoxicity and risk of infertility of soft tissue sarcoma chemotherapies in pre- and postpubertal females and males

Abstract Study question What is the gonadotoxicity of soft tissue sarcoma chemotherapies to better counsel females and males about the risk of infertility? Summary answer Limited data about the gonadotoxicity indicate a rather high risk with an average suspected infertility in females of 71% and in males of 54%. What is known already There is increasing awareness of the need to counsel young female and male cancer patients about the gonadotoxicity of chemotherapies and the risk of infertility. In addition, fertility preservation measures are offered in most countries. However, our knowledge of the gonadotoxicity of most cancer diseases and chemotherapies is still limited making it difficult to indicate fertility preservation measures. Soft tissue and mesothelial cancer are such a types of cancer for which data is very poor. The gonadotoxicity and risk of infertility of soft tissue and mesothelial cancer has not yet been systematically reviewed. Study design, size, duration This review is part of the FertiTOX project (www.fertitox.com) which aims to close the gap of data regarding gonadotoxicity of cancer therapies to enable more accurate counselling regarding fertility preservation. A systematic literature search considering papers on gonadotoxicity of treatment of soft tissue sarcoma and mesothelial cancer was performed. A total of 2801 records were identified for abstract screening. The review was performed from December 2022 until October 2023. Participants/materials, setting, methods A literature search of papers published in the databases of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library since 2000 was performed. Only females and males without metastases or recurrent disease were considered. Due to limited infertility data the outcome parameter “Suspected infertility” was defined based on reported low ovarian reserve parameters, low inhibin B, high gonadotropin concentration, gonadal dysfunction, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, azoospermia or oligozoospermia. Main results and the role of chance The database search yielded a total of 2801 abstracts, 136 of which were included in the full-text analysis. Of these, 7 studies, each on soft tissue sarcomas, could be included in the review. Studies on mesothelial cancer could not be identified. Two of the 7 soft tissue sarcoma studies were retrospective and 5 were prospective. Of the 7 studies, 3 provided data on women, 3 on men and 1 on both genders. A total of 28 women and 50 men, a total of 78, were included. The pubertal status could not be determined for all patients. Suspected infertility was found in 20 of 28 (71.4%, range 0-100%) of females (4 studies) and in 27 of 50 (54%, range 34.8-100%) of males (4 studies) soft tissue sarcoma patients. Limitations, reasons for caution The weakness is the inclusion of prepubertal and pubertal females and males, and the unknown pubertal status in some cases. A further weakness is the heterogenous spectrum of infertility markers and the limited number of studies which required to define for the analysis the rather vague outcome parameter “suspected infertility”. Wider implications of the findings Our data suggest a high risk of infertility due to chemotherapies in soft tissue sarcomas. This appears to be more pronounced in females than in males, although precise information cannot be given due to limited data. However, even though the study emphasizes the importance to consider fertility preservation measures. Trial registration number PROSPERO (Registry number CRD42023385402)