Soft Drink Industry Research Articles

Supply- and demand-side drivers of the change in the sugar density of food purchased between 2015 and 2018 in Great Britain.

The UK government launched a two-component sugar-reduction programme in 2016, one component is the taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages, the Soft Drinks Industry Levy, and the second is a voluntary sugar reduction programme for products contributing most to children's sugar intakes. These policies provided incentives both for industry to change the products they sell and for people to change their food and beverage choices through a 'signalling' effect that has raised awareness of excess sugar intakes in the population. In this study, we aimed to identify the relative contributions of the supply- and demand-side drivers of changes in the sugar density of food and beverages purchased in Great Britain. While we found that both supply- and demand-side drivers contributed to decreasing the sugar density of beverage purchases (reformulation led to a 19 % reduction, product renewal 14 %, and consumer switching between products 8 %), for food products it was mostly supply-side drivers (reformulation and product renewal). Reformulation contributed consistently to a decrease in the sugar density of purchases across households, whereas changes in consumer choices were generally in the opposite direction, offsetting benefits of reformulation. We studied the social gradient of sugar density reduction for breakfast cereals, achieved mostly by reformulation, and found increased reductions in sugar purchased by households of lower socio-economic status. Conversely, there was no social gradient for soft drinks. We conclude that taxes and reformulation incentives are complementary and combining them in a programme to improve the nutritional quality of foods increases the probability of improvements in diet quality.

Sequential use of coagulation and adsorption methods for COD removal from soft drink industry wastewater

Sequential use of coagulation and adsorption methods for COD removal from soft drink industry wastewater

Identifying Customer Segmentation and Persona of Soft Drink Industry in India: An Approach Using K-Means Clustering

Perkembangan industri makanan dan minuman terus maju dengan dukungan teknologi dan berbagai inovasi terbaru. Dalam kategori minuman ringan (soft drink), semakin banyak varian jenis dan penambahan rasa yang dibuat untuk menarik perhatian masyarakat. Pertumbuhan industri minuman ringan diperkirakan akan terus meningkat. Minuman ringan (soft drink) adalah minuman yang tidak mengandung alkohol, biasanya berbentuk bubuk atau cairan yang mengandung bahan makanan atau bahan tambahan lainnya, baik alami maupun sintesis, dan dikemas dalam kemasan siap konsumsi. Perusahaan minuman ringan dalam menentukan langkah untuk meningkatkan keuntungan, perlu memiliki strategi meningkatkan penjualan dengan mengetahui target konsumen supaya tidak kehilangan pelanggan potensial dan memiliki biaya iklan yang efektif dengan melakukan customer segmentation. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini untuk melakukan segmentasi adalah dengan menggunakan Metode Kmeans clustering. Metode ini adalah salah satu algoritma pembelajaran tanpa pengawasan (unsupervised learning). K-Means berfungsi untuk mengelompokkan data ke dalam data kluster. Dataset pada penelitian ini menggunakan 1000 populasi transaksi minuman ringan di India. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 7 kluster berbeda yaitu middle productive age of gangster softdrink lovers, Early Productive Age of Sky9 and CodeX Softdrink Lovers, Cocacola & Pepsi lovers, Pepsi Softdrink Lovers, middle productive age of Cocacola softdrink lovers, Early Productive Age of Cocacola Softdrink Lovers, dan Bluebull Softdrink Lovers. Cluster 6: Early Productive Age of Cocacola Softdrink Lovers merupakan kluster terbesar senilai 19% dari total populasi. Dengan ini maka perusahaan cocacola yang menargetkan Cluster 6 dapat melakukan positioning seperti menyesuaikan keinginan dari cutomer yang yaitu mengembangkan produk less sugar serta menggunakan online platform dalam melakukan marketing.

Water Reuse via Membrane Technology: A Case Study for Producing Cooling Water from Soft Drink Wastewater

High volumes of water are used in the soft drink industry, where purification can be achieved via membrane technology, allowing it to be reused in operating cooling towers, steam boilers, and closed-loop systems. In this study, ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) were applied to produce reclaimed water for cooling towers. In experimental studies conducted under a total recycle mode of operation, two UF membranes with molecular weight cut-offs (MWCO) of 10 kDa and 5 kDa, and one NF membrane were tested. The transmembrane pressure was set to 2 bars for UF and 4 bars for NF. Considering the water quality criteria for cooling towers, removal efficiencies were calculated for total suspended solids (TSS), turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). TSS and turbidity removal rates were 100% for both UF and NF; however, COD removal rates varied. In UF, feed and permeate COD concentrations were 718 - 796 mg/L and 255 - 286 mg/L, corresponding to a removal efficiency of 64-65%. On the other hand, in NF, the feed and permeate COD concentrations were 207 mg/L and 147 mg/L, indicating a 29% removal. Flux decline was not severe; it ranged from 10% to 20%. It was revealed that further treatment is required to meet the COD criteria of 75 mg/L for cooling towers.

The Role of Sustainability Perception in Consumer Behavior: A Study of Packaging, Ingredients, and Brand Awareness in the Soft Drinks Industry

This research seeks to understand how ingredients, packaging, brand awareness, and sustainability perception interact and influence consumer behavior in the soft drinks industry, specifically Coca-Cola. The online survey to 100 respondents was conducted via Google Form and the collective data was analyzed by the SPSS software. While the research examined the impact of ingredients and packaging on consumer decisions (H1 and H2), no direct effect was found. However, the research revealed a strong positive correlation between sustainability perception and consumer behavior (H3, R² = 0.391, beta = 0.423). Interestingly, a positive relationship emerged between packaging and ingredient impact on one hand, and sustainability perception on the other (H4, beta = 0.778). Additionally, sustainability perception was found to positively influence brand awareness (H5, beta = 0.548). These findings suggest that consumers prioritize sustainability when making purchasing decisions in the soft drinks industry, and that a brand's commitment to sustainable practices can indirectly influence consumer behavior through positive sustainability perception

The UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy and childhood hospital admissions for asthma in England

Sugar sweetened beverage consumption has been suggested as a risk factor for childhood asthma symptoms. We examined whether the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL), announced in March 2016 and implemented in April 2018, was associated with changes in National Health Service hospital admission rates for asthma in children, 22 months post-implementation of SDIL. We conducted interrupted time series analyses (2012-2020) to measure changes in monthly incidence rates of hospital admissions. Sub-analysis was by age-group (5-9,10-14,15-18 years) and neighbourhood deprivation quintiles. Changes were relative to counterfactual scenarios where the SDIL wasn’t announced, or implemented. Overall, incidence rates reduced by 20.9% (95%CI: 29.6-12.2). Reductions were similar across age-groups and deprivation quintiles. These findings give support to the idea that implementation of a UK tax intended to reduce childhood obesity may have contributed to a significant unexpected and additional public health benefit in the form of reduced hospital admissions for childhood asthma.

The impact of the UK soft drink industry levy on the soft drink marketplace, 2017–2020: An interrupted time series analysis with comparator series

The impact of the UK soft drink industry levy on the soft drink marketplace, 2017–2020: An interrupted time series analysis with comparator series

Demographic Influences on Consumer Perceptions of Celebrity Endorsements in the Soft Drink Industry

The study investigates the influence of demographic factors on consumer perceptions of celebrity endorsements in the soft drink industry. Utilizing ANOVA analyses, the research examines the impact of age, gender, and occupation on consumption patterns, brand preferences, and attitudes towards celebrity endorsements. Findings indicate a significant association between age and soft drink consumption frequency, with younger demographics showing higher consumption rates. However, gender and occupation do not significantly affect brand selection or endorsement perceptions. Notably, consumers across diverse demographics exhibit similar levels of susceptibility to celebrity endorsements, suggesting a universal appeal transcending gender and occupation. Despite demographic variations in consumption habits, celebrity endorsements wield comparable influence across consumer segments. The abstract underscores the importance of celebrity endorsements in shaping consumer behaviour within the soft drink industry and highlights the need for tailored marketing strategies targeting specific age groups.

REVIEW PAPER- “THE COCA COLA COMPANY: MARKETING STRATEGIES”

This project is focused on studying the various marketing strategies of Coca-Cola and the scenario of Indian soft drink industry in the 1990’s. Coca-Cola Co., the global soft drink industry leader controlled Indian soft drink industry till 1977. Because of this Coca-Cola backed and withdrew from the country. In the mean time, India’s two target soft drink producers have gotten rich. Who were controlling 80% of the Indian soft drink industry. The marketing strategies which were made by Coca-Cola company to win the Cola war in 1990s had been very successful as Coca-Cola company had a total market share of 48.3% in 1998. So, the Indian soft drink industry saw a dramatic change in the decade of 1990s. All the companies were trying to win the battle by making good marketing strategies.

IOT based water flow meter using ThingSpeak

The Large scale manufacturing companies are fully automated. Soft Drink Industries and Chemical industries have to constantly measure and quantify the liquids that they are handling during this automation process, and the most common sensor used to measure the flow of a liquid is a Flow Sensor. By using a flow sensor with a microcontroller like NodeMCU, we can calculate the flow rate, and check the volume of liquid that has passed through a pipe, and control it as required. Apart from manufacturing industries, flow sensors can also be found in the agriculture sector, food processing, water management, mining industry, water recycling, coffee machines etc. Further, a water flow sensor will be a good addition to projects like Automatic water dispenser and smart irrigation systems where we need to monitor and control the flow of liquids. In this project, we are going to build a water flow meter using NodeMCU. We will interface the water flow sensor with NodeMCU and LCDI2C, and program it to display the volume of water, which has passed through the valve. For this particular project, we are going to use the YF-S201 water flow sensor, which uses a hall effect to sense the flow rate of the liquid. The measured values are also communicated to the ThingSpeak cloud. The parameters can be monitored remotely form any part of the world. When the volume exceeds the threshold value, Thingspeak will activate the Thingspeak react to send a message to the responsible person with help of the IFTTT applet.

Comparative Analysis of Advertisement Strategies used by Coca-Cola and Pepsi: A Literature Review Study

This research conducts an extensive literature assessment of the advertising methods of prominent soft drink brands Coca-Cola and Pepsi in the fiercely competitive beverage market. Utilizing several years of empirical investigations, this study delves into the efficacy, implications, and subtleties of advertising campaigns concerning customer perceptions, brand value, market worth, and sales outcomes. Analysis is done on several advertising strategy components, such as product launches, trademark advertising, celebrity endorsements, and international marketing techniques. This study sheds light on the critical elements influencing brand choice, purchasing intentions, and market dynamics by elucidating the complicated relationship between advertising and consumer behaviors through a systematic synthesis of findings. The Theory of Advertising Effectiveness conceptual framework, which supports analyzing how advertising messages connect with consumers and affect their decision-making processes, is fundamental to this investigation. To achieve sustained brand success in the ever-changing soft drink market, marketers, researchers, and industry stakeholders can benefit from this study’s actionable insights, which can aid in strategic decision-making and create more effective advertising campaigns.

Investigation of production bottlenecks and productivity analysis in soft drink industry: a case study of East Africa Bottling Share Company

Investigation of production bottlenecks and productivity analysis in soft drink industry: a case study of East Africa Bottling Share Company

Monopolistic Behavior Analysis and Anti-Monopoly Strategy Research based on Cola Drinks Industry --Take the Comparative Analysis of Coca-Cola and Pepsi as an Example

This research explores monopolistic behavior and anti-monopoly strategies within the soft drinks industry, focusing on a comparative analysis of Coca-Cola and Pepsi. The study highlights how duopoly dynamics impact pricing and competitiveness in the market. It delves into historical competition between these industry giants, particularly during World War II, shedding light on Coca-Colas strategic dominance. The paper emphasizes the influence of brand promotion on pricing, revealing the potential for higher costs in the industry. Additionally, it underscores the significance of examining the effects of duopoly on cola drink prices for antitrust considerations. The research offers practical suggestions to address these challenges. Recommendations include fostering product innovation, building strong brands, establishing strategic partnerships, implementing pricing strategies, and emphasizing cost control. These measures aim to enhance overall industry pricing and competitiveness. Moreover, the study addresses the difficulties newcomers face entering the soft drinks industry and suggests policy incentives, collaborative efforts, engagement with industry associations, and regional focus as solutions to mitigate barriers to entry. Lastly, the research advocates for regulatory oversight, competition promotion, consumer education, price transparency, diversified supply chains, and support for collaboration and innovation to safeguard consumer interests. These measures aim to maintain a fair and diverse soft drinks market.

Lean Six Sigma Implementation: Results from the Soft Drinks Industry

Lean Six Sigma Implementation: Results from the Soft Drinks Industry

Parliamentary reaction to the announcement and implementation of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy: applied thematic analysis of 2016-2020 parliamentary debates.

The UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL) (announced in March 2016; implemented in April 2018) aims to incentivise reformulation of soft drinks to reduce added sugar levels. The SDIL has been applauded as a policy success, and it has survived calls from parliamentarians for it to be repealed. We aimed to explore parliamentary reaction to the SDIL following its announcement until two years post-implementation in order to understand how health policy can become established and resilient to opposition. Searches of Hansard for parliamentary debate transcripts that discussed the SDIL retrieved 186 transcripts, with 160 included after screening. Five stages of Applied Thematic Analysis were conducted: familiarisation and creation of initial codebooks; independent second coding; codebook finalisation through team consensus; final coding of the dataset to the complete codebook; and theme finalisation through team consensus. The United Kingdom Parliament. N/A. Between the announcement (16/03/2016) - royal assent (26/04/2017), two themes were identified 1: SDIL welcomed cross-party 2: SDIL a good start but not enough. Between royal assent - implementation (5/04/2018), one theme was identified 3: The SDIL worked - what next? The final theme identified from implementation until 16/03/2020 was 4: Moving on from the SDIL. After the announcement, the SDIL had cross-party support and was recognised to have encouraged reformulation prior to implementation. Lessons for governments indicate that the combination of cross-party support and a policy's documented success in achieving its aim can help cement the resilience of it to opposition and threats of repeal.

Projected health and economic impacts of sugar-sweetened beverage taxation in Germany: A cross-validation modelling study.

Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) have been implemented globally to reduce the burden of cardiometabolic diseases by disincentivizing consumption through increased prices (e.g., 1 peso/litre tax in Mexico) or incentivizing industry reformulation to reduce SSB sugar content (e.g., tiered structure of the United Kingdom [UK] Soft Drinks Industry Levy [SDIL]). In Germany, where no tax on SSBs is enacted, the health and economic impact of SSB taxation using the experience from internationally implemented tax designs has not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to estimate the health and economic impact of national SSBs taxation scenarios in Germany. In this modelling study, we evaluated a 20% ad valorem SSB tax with/without taxation of fruit juice (based on implemented SSB taxes and recommendations) and a tiered tax (based on the UK SDIL) in the German adult population aged 30 to 90 years from 2023 to 2043. We developed a microsimulation model (IMPACTNCD Germany) that captures the demographics, risk factor profile and epidemiology of type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in the German population using the best available evidence and national data. For each scenario, we estimated changes in sugar consumption and associated weight change. Resulting cases of cardiometabolic disease prevented/postponed and related quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and economic impacts from healthcare (medical costs) and societal (medical, patient time, and productivity costs) perspectives were estimated using national cost and health utility data. Additionally, we assessed structural uncertainty regarding direct, body mass index (BMI)-independent cardiometabolic effects of SSBs and cross-validated results with an independently developed cohort model (PRIMEtime). We found that SSB taxation could reduce sugar intake in the German adult population by 1 g/day (95%-uncertainty interval [0.05, 1.65]) for a 20% ad valorem tax on SSBs leading to reduced consumption through increased prices (pass-through of 82%) and 2.34 g/day (95%-UI [2.32, 2.36]) for a tiered tax on SSBs leading to 30% reduction in SSB sugar content via reformulation. Through reductions in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD), 106,000 (95%-UI [57,200, 153,200]) QALYs could be gained with a 20% ad valorem tax and 192,300 (95%-UI [130,100, 254,200]) QALYs with a tiered tax. Respectively, €9.6 billion (95%-UI [4.7, 15.3]) and €16.0 billion (95%-UI [8.1, 25.5]) costs could be saved from a societal perspective over 20 years. Impacts of the 20% ad valorem tax were larger when additionally taxing fruit juice (252,400 QALYs gained, 95%-UI [176,700, 325,800]; €11.8 billion costs saved, 95%-UI [€6.7, €17.9]), but impacts of all scenarios were reduced when excluding direct health effects of SSBs. Cross-validation with PRIMEtime showed similar results. Limitations include remaining uncertainties in the economic and epidemiological evidence and a lack of product-level data. In this study, we found that SSB taxation in Germany could help to reduce the national burden of noncommunicable diseases and save a substantial amount of societal costs. A tiered tax designed to incentivize reformulation of SSBs towards less sugar might have a larger population-level health and economic impact than an ad valorem tax that incentivizes consumer behaviour change only through increased prices.

A demand analysis with a dynamic approach to LA/AIDS for the Italian bottled water industry and its related non-alcoholic beverages

This paper analyses the demand for non-alcoholic beverages in Italy with Istat and Bevitalia data, including bottled water, soft drinks and juices, over the period of 2011–2020, using a dynamic approach based on the Linear Approximate-Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS). The analysis takes into account the correlation among the bottled water, soft drink, and juice industries, and the effects of changes in prices, income, and quantities on the demand for each type of beverage. Our findings suggest that, in Italy, during the considered period, the income elasticity of the three products was positive, indicating that they are normal goods, albeit bordering on the line between necessary and luxury goods. Bottled water and juices are classified as luxury goods, whereas soft drinks are more inclined to be classified as necessary goods. Additionally, soft drinks and bottled water are price-elastic goods, whereas juices and bottled water, or juices and soft drinks, are price-inelastic goods. Our results also indicate that bottled water is the most widely consumed good, followed by soft drinks and juices. Finally, we recommend policy interventions aimed at promoting healthier consumption habits, such as taxes on sweet drinks or subsidies for drinking water consumption. Overall, our findings provide new insights into the dynamics of demand for non-alcoholic beverages in Italy, which can inform policy decision-makers focused on promoting public health and welfare.

How green sustainability efforts affect brand-related outcomes

PurposeUtilizing the Stimulus-Organism-Response framework, this study examines how stimuli such as green sustainability efforts and brand image affect organisms namely brand experience and brand trust, leading to brand-related outcomes such as brand affinity, brand satisfaction and purchase intention in the soft drink industry in Singapore.Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was administered to a total of 243 members of several Singapore-based Facebook groups. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results show the positive effects of green sustainability efforts on brand image, brand experience and brand trust. Brand experience affects brand satisfaction, brand affinity and purchase intention, whereas brand trust affects brand satisfaction and purchase intention. Moreover, the mediating roles of brand experience and brand trust are verified.Practical implicationsTo build strong consumer-brand relationships, managers can elevate brand experience and brand trust through the implementation of green sustainability efforts.Originality/valueThis study adds to the body of green sustainability literature by verifying the mediating effect of brand experience and brand trust in the relationship between green sustainability efforts and brand-related outcomes. The study clarifies the direct and indirect antecedents of brand affinity, brand satisfaction and purchase intention.

Industry views of the UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy: a thematic analysis of elite interviews with food and drink industry professionals, 2018–2020

ObjectivesThe UK Soft Drinks Industry Levy (SDIL), implemented in 2018, has been successful in reducing the sugar content and purchasing of soft drinks, with limited financial impact on industry. Understanding...

Oxidative and Photochemical Processes for Soft Drink–Industry Wastewater Treatment

Soft drinks–industry wastewater (SDIW) contains high concentrations of sugar (420–487 mg/L) and sodium (320–397 mg/L), has high pH (∼9), and contains biorefractory pollutants. Therefore, rapid and effective techniques are required for its treatment. In the present study, SDIW was subjected to microwave (MW) photocatalysis (PC) using electrodeless discharge lamps, and the outcomes were compared with other oxidative and photochemical advanced oxidation processes, including oxidation, MW oxidation (MWO), and ultraviolet–titanium dioxide PC, in terms of the removal efficiency of organics based on chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphate (TP), and total nitrogen (TN). The mineralization of organics was ∼3.5 times higher in the MWPC and MWO systems compared to the oxidation and PC systems. The COD removal efficiency after 60 min using the oxidation, PC, MWO, and MWPC systems was 22.7%, 25.41%, 79.36%, and 87.3%, respectively. Direct photolysis using UV (using 486 kJ/mole of energy) and photocatalytic degradation using increased hydroxyl radicals in the presence of MWs was the primary degradation mechanism in the MWPC system. The TP removal efficiency in the oxidation, PC, MWO, and MWPC systems was 15%, 40%, 50%, and 60%, respectively. The respective TN removal efficiencies for the four systems were 40%, 58%, 82%, and 85%. The main mechanism for organics, TP, and TN removal in the MWPC system involved the direct disruption of the chemical bonds of the organic molecules, photocatalytic phosphate reduction, and breaking of the primary amine bond in the organic nitrogen using the high-energy plasma and hotspots that formed in the MW-based systems. The electrical energy consumed by the systems [electrical energy per order (EEO)] occurred in the order PC > MWO > MWPC, with respective values of 14,614, 6,919, and 4,526 Rs/kg COD removal.