Sociological Information Research Articles

What factors influencing surgical nurses' competence in implementing person-centered care in the perioperative period?: A cross-sectional study.

Strengthening the capability of clinical surgical nurses to provide person-centered care (PCC) requires a thorough analysis of several related factors. This study used a descriptive cross-sectional design to investigate the factors that influence surgical nurses' perioperative competency in the performance of PCC in Anhui, China. A convenience sampling was implemented to administer a questionnaire survey to 437 nurses with more than 1 year of experience working in surgical wards. A web-based cross-sectional questionnaire evaluated the participant's general sociological information, empathy, job burnout, and nursing competence. The questionnaire were designed and published through the online platform Questionnaire Stars, and the link was distributed through the Internet and WeChat media by the nursing department of their hospital. Data were collected from June to September 2023 and processed by descriptive, correlation, and stepwise multiple regression analyses. Participants with high levels of empathy (β = 0.502, P < .001), low levels of job burnout (β = -0.288, P < .001), humanistic nursing training (β = 0.167, P < .001), and personnel agency (β = 0.083, P < .001) showed better PCC competence. The regression model analysis showed that 4 influencing factors explained 59.2% of the variance (F = 158.930, P < .001, adjusted R2 = 0.592). These findings suggest that steps should be taken to strengthen the key factors, such as improving empathy, minimizing job burnout, offering more humanities training, and enhancing personalities, to reinforce PCC competency.

Cultural Foundations and Norm-Creating Perspectives of “New Ethics” in the Expert Assessment of the Academic Community

Introduction. The relevance of the study relies on the dissemination of the ideas of “new ethics”, reflecting modern transformations in the understanding of justice, social recognition, political correctness, the fight against discrimination, stigmatization, etc. The academic community, which largely determines the value vector of educational process, is an active participant in the discussion about the “new ethics” The purpose of the study is to analyze its ideas about sociocultural foundations and norm-making prospects of “new ethics”. Materials and Methods. The article is based on the results of the authors’ research conducted among representatives of the academic community. 32 specialists in sociology, ethics and law from Russia, Kyrgyzstan and Belarus were selected as experts. The method of collecting primary sociological information is an expert web interview implemented on the Yandex Forms platform. Recruitment of respondents was carried out through the researchers’ own networks. Results. Experts define “new ethics” as a set of norms and principles formed in the conditions of digital communication and aimed against manifestations of discrimination and violence. The goal of the “new ethics” is to rethink relations between people in the context of the cuttent round of recognition process and increased sensitivity to the violation of the personal boundaries. The focus of the “new ethics” is on the forms of violence that were previously hidden from public view. Experts believe that the “new ethics” has serious norm-creating potential, and regulations are already being changed to meet new requirements. However, they believe that these changes should be thoughtful and not be driven by the emotions,, to which the “new ethics” often appeals. Discussion and Conclusion. Since “new ethics” has a serious impact on education, taking into account the views of the academic community on it is necessary to develop strategies for upbringing, making new laws and codes of academic ethics.

Spatially explicit supply chain for nationwide CO2-to-fuel infrastructure: Data-driven optimization with Gaussian mixture model -based region screening and clustering

This study proposes a novel machine learning-based method for designing spatially explicit supply chains for establishing a nationwide CO2 utilization strategy. The proposed method is capable of considering not only technical feature for CO2-to-fuel conversion, but also the geographical features for facility allocation by integrating spatial data and various sociological information. To develop the proposed method, map polygonization and the ray-casting algorithm for precise spatial data generation are implemented, which identifies and screens out geographically and socially unfavorable terrains for facility allocation. The scenario evaluation method, which includes the Gaussian mixture model-based expectation–maximization algorithm and supply chain economics, such as transportation price and facility capital investment, are considered to calculate a large set of supply chain scenarios. As a case study, the proposed method is applied to determine the optimal supply chain configuration to secure economic feasibility in the Korean CO2 capture and utilization project. The results identify the hydrogen price as the most critical factor in the supply chain economy and show the potential profitability in 2043–2045. This study can promote the nationwide CO2 reduction strategy and the development of a sustainable energy supply system.

Citizens of Russia on hybrid socio-political reality in the country

The strategic intent of the current U.S. administration to win a geopolitical victory over Russia with the help of Ukraine’s nationalist elite is becoming a catastrophic reality, as the Russian Federation’s special military operation and a series of failed “offensives” by Ukraine’s armed forces evolve. Existential threat has forced the Russian state and civil society to mobilize in the shortest possible time armed forces, economy and military-industrial complex to repel the Western military proxy intervention. The scientific sociological information about the socio-political potential and reserves of the Russian society, its readiness, nature and degree of motivation for the defense of the Fatherland are of crucial importance for an effective management of the current disposition along Russia’s western borders. The Scientific-analytical and informational work is complicated by the fact that the picture of the hybrid socio-political reality of the country’s life is purposefully distorted by the enemy by means and channels of mass propaganda and communication in order to disinform the population and the armed forces. The empirical basis of the article is the data of sociological monitoring “How are you Russia?” about the current aspects of civil society life, based on the analysis of which conclusions are drawn about feasible resources and trends in the development of the socio-political situation in our country and the world. Sociological measurements in 2023, compared with data from previous years, allow us to conclude that Russian society has a high resource for socio-political stability and consolidation. Thus, an analysis of the structure of current anxiety showed that SVO did not have a critically destabilizing effect on the life of any group of Russian society. The share of those who believe that the political system needs to be radically changed decreased in 2023 to a minimum (16%) over the last 30 years of measurements. The overwhelming majority (73%) of Russians believe that the main threats to Russia come from abroad. The index of socio-political sustainability returned in 2023 to the zone of stable and sustainable development, reaching its highest value in 30 years of monitoring measurements. The noted positive trends show that Russia successfully continues the searching for a balance and symphony of interests in the modern hybrid social reality.

Supporting Reading as a Useful Leisure Practice for Children of the Digital Era

The aim of the article is to study the state of reading as a leisure practice in the context of the rapid development of technologies, and to determine prospects for stimulating interest in extracurricular reading, which will also correspond to the provisions of the state policy for the reading development in Ukraine. Research methods. Scientific methods of analysis, synthesis and comparison are used in this research in order to achieve the specified aim, which made it possible to assess the state of leisure reading among school-age children, and to present modern practices in terms of its promotion. Methods of systematic and comparative analysis are also used to generalise the research results. Analytical grouping (categorisation) is used to classify data from the sociological study on children’s leisure time by gender. Correlational and factor analyses of statistical data of the all- Ukrainian sociological research conducted by LLC “Info Sapiens International” as a part of the project “Supporting the promotion of reading in Ukraine” with the support of the International Foundation “Renaissance” and the Ukrainian Book Institute are made. Scientific novelty. It consists in identifying the leisure practices of school-age children by gender through the processing and analysis of sociological information and its differences interpretation. Its consideration in directions of popularising book reading will contribute to the formation of the reading habit. Main conclusions. In the context of the rapid development of technology, extracurricular reading is inferior to other forms of leisure, such as video games, social networks, video content consumption. A modern approach to extracurricular reading requires an analysis of the best practices of the current leisure industry. A basis of this approach is a strategic development of complex solutions that take into account both traditional and digital formats of reading, which are adapted to rapid technological changes. Special attention is paid to gender aspects and the integration of elements known to children through video games in order to increase general interest in reading. The introduction of gamification and interactivity elements have to ensure a harmonious combination of reading as a traditional form of leisure with the advantages of modern digital technologies. Such a synthesis of traditional and innovative methods is designed to provide balanced leisure time for children, to support the culture of reading in conditions of rapid digital technologies development, and to correspond to the provisions of the state policy for the reading development in Ukraine.

ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE AS AN EFFECTIVE TOOL FOR MANAGING A TELECOMMUNICATIONS ENTERPRISE

The purpose of the article is to study and clarify the substantive characteristics of organisational culture, to substantiate its relationship with the organisational design of enterprise. To determine the key factors of mutual influence on the formation of organisational culture and building of organisational design of a telecommunications enterprise. To assess the state of organisational culture of telecommunication enterprises and provide recommendations for its support, taking into account the functional features of its management. An analysis of the dynamics of the volume of products (services) sold by economic entities of Ukraine by type of economic activity for the period (2015, 2020, 2021, 2022) is carried out. Methodology. Economic and abstract and logical research methods were used in combination with methods of collecting sociological information: surveys and questionnaires. They made it possible to study the dynamics of development of enterprises by types of economic activity and assess the state of corporate culture of telecommunications enterprises. Results. According to the results of the analysis of statistical data, the decrease in the volume of products (services) sold by Ukrainian enterprises in the analysed period was revealed, regardless of the type of economic activity. The reasons for the deterioration of their activity have been clarified and the factors of mutual influence on the formation of the organisational culture and the construction of the organisational design of the telecommunications enterprise have been described. The state of the organisational culture of the telecommunications enterprises was assessed according to the relevant criteria within the framework of the questions. It was proved that organisational culture is an effective management tool. Practical implications. The study of the state of organisational culture of telecommunications enterprises in Ukraine proves the need to model the strategy of formation and development of organisational culture, taking into account internal opportunities and external threats that can accelerate or inhibit this development. The results of the assessment will help to make effective management decisions to improve the working environment and employee satisfaction. Value / Оriginality. It is recommended to take into account the functions of internal integration and external adaptation in the process of managing the organisational culture of a telecommunications enterprise. This is necessary to improve the working conditions of the company's employees and to establish effective interaction between the levels of management and employees.

Demand and Influencing factors for community health services during chemotherapy of patients with advanced cancer

BackgroundImplementing effective, rational support and comprehensive services for patients with advanced cancer undergoing chemotherapy is a significant challenge in community health services. According to recent data, the mortality rate from malignant tumors in Shanghai residents now ranks second only to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Attention toward patients with advanced cancer undergoing chemotherapy is gradually increasing. This study aims to understand the primary care demands of such patients and the factors influencing these demands. ObjectiveTo investigate the demand and influencing factors for community health services during chemotherapy for patients with advanced cancer in Shanghai and to develop community interventions and services tailored to these patients' demands. MethodsPatients with advanced cancer undergoing chemotherapy who regularly visited or were hospitalized at Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Wusong Hospital and Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from December 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the study subjects. Based on government specifications, previous research findings from surveys on questionnaires and interviews, the final version of the "Community Health Services Demand Questionnaire for Patients with Advanced Cancer in Shanghai" was developed. It includes three demand dimensions (psychological, medical care, social support) and 38 demand items. The contents cover general information such as demographic and sociological information(educational level, marital status, source of medical expenses, disposable monthly household income, patient group participation), and tumor diagnosis(type and time of diagnosis, pain score, comorbidities), along with items on psychological demand (6 items), medical care demand (24 items), and social support demand (8 items). A 3-point scale was employed: 1 for unnecessary, 2 for necessary, and 3 for very necessary. Demand levels were ranked according to the average score of each item. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the influencing factors of community health service demand among these patients. ResultsThe demand dimensions, ranked from highest to lowest, were psychological demand (2.31 points), medical care demand (2.27 points), and social support demand (2.18 points). The top five demands were “preparation for pathological tests such as routine blood, liver and kidney functions before chemotherapy” (2.48 points), “education on chemotherapy knowledge” (2.48 points), “care for peripherally inserted central catheter(PICC) catheterization during chemotherapy” (2.45 points), “management of myelosuppression after chemotherapy” (2.43 points) and "providing updated information on treatment, examination and rehabilitation” (2.42 points), primarily focusing on the medical care demand dimension. Logistic regression analysis showed that educational level and disposable monthly household income significantly influenced psychological demand, while age and source of medical expenses influenced medical care demand, and age and patient group participation affected social support demand (P < 0.05). ConclusionPatients with advanced cancer undergoing chemotherapy have specific demands for community health services across psychological, medical care, and social support dimensions, influenced by factors such as age, educational level, and household income. This study offers recommendations for community health centers to develop relevant medical services. Future initiatives could introduce new service items in high demand and monitor the effectiveness of community interventions, such as psychological and medical care support for these patients, to improve their quality of life.

Consumer sentiment of the regional youth

In today’s rapidly developing world, young people play an important role in the segment of active consumers of goods and services. Their behaviour in the consumer market is formed under the influence of subjective moods, ideas, assessments, and expectations. The purpose of this work is to study the state and dynamics of consumer sentiment among young people in the Vologda region using the results of public opinion monitoring and using the index method of processing sociological information. The results of the study showed that the consumer behaviour of young people has a number of specific characteristics: rationality, responsiveness to new products, spontaneity, desire to follow fashion, status. The formation of various consumption models and practices among representatives of the younger generation is largely determined by consumer sentiment. During the measurement period, young people’s assessments were dominated by negative characteristics of their financial situation, opportunities for purchasing goods and services, current economic situation and prospects for its further development. The unfavorable consumer sentiment of the youth significantly deforms its typical features of consumer behaviour, hinders the formation of modern consumer practices and the development of the regional consumer market in accordance with new all-Russian and global trends. Improving the consumer sentiment of young people is directly related to enhancement of the state’s youth and economic policies aimed at improving the socio-economic situation of young members of the Russian society and creating sufficient guarantees for young citizens to exercise their rights and freedoms.

Assessing Factors That Contribute to Low Incomes (As Evident in the Leningrad Region)

The article analyzes factors that increase the risk that a household will fall into poverty. The analysis is based on a representative survey of households in the Leningrad Region of Russia. The survey was carried out in during August and September 2022. The method for collecting sociological information was a standardized interview conducted in person at the respondents’ place of residence. The core sample size was 1,200 households, and an additional sample of 400 low-income households was also canvassed. Regression results indicate higher than average risk of poverty for families with children, especially for families with several children and/or families with children of pre-school age; families in which no one is employed; and families that reside in rural localities. Families with a student in a secondary school for vocational education and single-parent families with children in the household have a significantly higher probability of being classified as low-income. The article maintains that poverty prevention measures would be better targeted if the household poverty threshold were adjusted in response to family composition, including the number of children and their age. Means testing should also take into account not only the mere possession of different types of assets but also their estimated market value. That change would make means testing a more reliable criterion of a family’s need for social support

ЗАРАБОТНАЯ ПЛАТА КАК ЗНАЧИМЫЙ ПРЕДИКТОР ТРУДОВОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ РАБОТНИКОВ

The purpose of the study is to assess the influence of remuneration (income) as a significant predictor of the labor behavior of different categories of the employed population, including the choice of workplace and the labor efforts of citizens. The relevance of the study is due to the need to provide the employed population with decent and fair wages in modern Russian conditions. The scientific novelty lies in obtaining current sociological information about the importance of remuneration (income) for workers, the satisfaction of different categories of the population with their remuneration, and its impact on their labor behavior. The main research method is a nationwide sociological survey of the employed population, conducted in 2023, and a comparison of the research results with the results of surveys of previous years, carried out using a similar methodology. The results of the study showed that despite the positive dynamics of remuneration (income) assessments over a long period of research, more than a third of employed Russians assess it negatively; they also believe that their earnings do not always correspond to the labor efforts they expended. It is concluded that it is necessary to increase the effectiveness of the incentive function of remuneration, which will increase the level of motivation and work activity of workers, and, ultimately, will contribute to the growth of labor productivity.

Global Landmarks of Digital Citizenship in the Conditions of Today's Globalization Challenges

The article is devoted to the analysis of digital citizenship as an effective strategy for the development of worldview orientations of student youth in the modern digital age. The main methods of scientific research are structural, comparative, analysis, synthesis, generalization and the method of collecting sociological information. Digital citizenship is presented as a worldview based on safety, morality, legality, responsibility and intellectual honesty. The key parameters of digital citizenship are determined - digital literacy, digital etiquette, digital rights and responsibilities, digital health, digital security, digital communication, digital commerce, digital access, and their essential features are clarified. It is noted that safety and well-being in the digital age defines the ability to counter the risks that the digital world can bring in order to protect one's physical and mental well-being. Accordingly, digital citizenship should be understood as a way to prepare the younger generation for active participation in society and in serving the nation's interests in the digital environment. The main features of today's youth as the Internet generation are outlined - highly ambitious, realistic, critical, self-confident. Thanks to the ability to quickly search for information, representatives of the Internet generation are more knowledgeable and informed about the events and phenomena of the surrounding world. The representatives of the Internet generation choose social networks as the preferred resource for communication, which they use not only to search for information or communicate, but also for active self-presentation of their own social position. Taking into account the international experience of scientific research, digital citizenship not only provides opportunities for safer moral-ethical and socio-legal functioning in the digital environment in the face of global challenges of the modern digital age, but also forms the worldview foundations of the formation of a conscious and socially responsible personality with an active civic position capable of influencing social and political processes. Digital citizenship ensures the effective integration of young people into the digital social space, therefore there is a need to study the basic principles of digital citizenship in higher education institutions of Ukraine

Model of information security of the individual from the influence of sociological information

Model of information security of the individual from the influence of sociological information

ВЛИЯНИЕ ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНОЙ РЕПРОДУКЦИИ НА САМОСОХРАНИТЕЛЬНОЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЕ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ

Significance. The introduction of assisted reproductive technologies based on in vitro fertilization into public health practice eliminates the direct impact of reproductive pathologies on individual childbearing, yet raises questions about which elements of reproductive health have the greatest impact on decision-making about giving birth to a child and how their role in self-preservation behavior is changing. The purpose of the study is to identify the main directions of the influence of modern methods of assisted reproduction on self-preservation behavior of the population. Material and methods. Based on open data from official and sectoral Russian and foreign statistics, as well as materials from Russian and English-language scientific publications, the analysis of the main indicators characterizing changes in self-preservation behavior under the influence of assisted reproductive technologies was carried out. The use of secondary sociological information and certain results of the current author's survey of medical university students made it possible to determine the prospects of assisted reproduction as an external factor of reproductive health. Results. A generalizing characteristic of reproductive health disorders is infertility, while assisted reproduction based on in vitro fertilization has been the most effective method of correction for almost half a century. Continuous improvement of assisted reproductive technology programs has made them a modern factor of self-preservation behavior, creating opportunities for the birth of healthy children not only in case of infertility, but also in case of subfertility against the background of chronic non-communicable diseases, as well as in case of inhibition of reproductive function after cancer treatment. As the availability of assisted reproduction programs expands, they began to be used as an alternative conception and have even indirectly influenced contraceptive behavior, leading to the choice in favor of comfortable, yet previously considered irreversible, sterilization. This determines the social and medical prospects of assisted reproductive technologies, however, an obstacle to their practical implementation may be the cost, which in Russia far exceeds the financial standards of in vitro fertilization under compulsory health insurance. Conclusion. The study showed the main current trends and extended scope of the impact of assisted reproduction on self-preservation behavior. Due to decrease in the number and health deterioration of the health of the population of reproductive age, a decrease in the birth rate becomes an urgent national challenge, which increases the importance of births that are impossible without the use of assisted reproductive technologies. This is especially important against the background of the increase in non-communicable diseases, leading to subfertility, and “social infertility” without reproductive pathologies, which are successfully corrected with in vitro fertilization. However, the commercialization and information popularization of assisted reproductive technology programs create inflated expectations among a certain segment of the population who expect to become parents at any age, regardless of health status. There are new requirements for official justification of indications and contraindications to in vitro fertilization, on the one hand, and for a more accurate account of individual reproductive capabilities of self-preservation behavior, on the other.

Representation of the image of Russia's future in print media in the context of Russian society's consolidation

Acquiring current sociological information on the features of representing the image of the future in print media is a task that has been highlighted in the context of the integration and consolidation of Russian society in a hybrid reality. Drawing upon theories of the information society and communicative action, the authors examine the information and communicative sphere as determinants in constructing trends in social and political processes, with the media serving as a crucial institution for shaping public opinion. Methods and Empirical Basis: The empirical study was conducted using quantitative and qualitative content analysis and critical discourse analysis of publications in three leading print media outlets during the years 2013-2014 and 20222023. The total sample consisted of 521 articles, with a selected sample of 174 articles published in periodicals such as “Moskovsky Komsomolets”, “Rossiyskaya Gazeta”, “Komsomolskaya Pravda,” and “Novaya Gazeta”. Results and Discussion: It was found that the construction of the image of future Russia is based on two groups of factors – internal (social policy, human capital, traditions, economic development, environmental preservation) and external (Russia’s confrontation, multipolar world). The emotional tone of articles from 2013 to 2023 has acquired more negative connotation; the number of articles containing long-term forecasts has decreased due to the implementation of Special Military Operations (SMO). Dominant discourses that construct the image of future Russia and are most actively propagated in the media were described: the “Russia - Eurasian Colossus” discourse, the breakthrough and overcoming discourse, the “besieged fortress” discourse, the discourse of justice, and the discourse of cancellation. In the future, the Russian Federation is presented as a Eurasian integrator based on cultural traditions, historical heritage, and ideological imperatives of a highly consolidated society. It is portrayed as a future leader in technological development, an economy based on import substitution and breakthrough production capacities, the advancement of science and innovation, effective educational and youth policies. Positive representations of the future create images of Russia as a saviour, a leader of a just world order, which is reflected in articles dedicated to the new multipolar world order. The “besieged fortress” and the discourse of cancellation construct both negative images of the country, incapable of responding to contemporary challenges and overcoming socio-economic development risks, as well as positive images where society and authority establish effective strategies to resist threats and external circumstances.

APPLICATION OF QUALITATIVE METHODS TO STUDY THE TRAUMATIC EXPERIENCE OF MARIUPOL STUDENT VOLUNTEERS DURING THE WAR

The article analyzes the experience of using qualitative methods of collecting sociological information to preserve, systematize and disseminate the experience of student youth of the city of Mariupol, who during the war and occupation of the city took an active social position and provided social assistance and support to civilian residents of the city, engaged in volunteer activities. The purpose of the study was to consider the possibilities of applying qualitative methods of sociological research during the study of socially significant practices of social work and volunteering in complex extreme situations (on the example of the traumatic experience of Mariupol student volunteers during the war). The peculiarities of the analysis of electronic diaries submitted by the authors for participation in the social competition as a means of obtaining high-quality sociological information are considered. The article is based on materials from e-diaries submitted for participation in the «Volunteer Heart of Mariupol» competition. The purpose of the Competition is to collect and preserve the stories of volunteer students who lived and studied in the city of Mariupol before the war, now have been forced to move to another city of Ukraine or abroad, and continue to selflessly help others, carry out volunteer initiatives and bring the Victory of Ukraine closer. The competition was held in January 2023 among Mariupol students. Volunteering is considered as a type of socially significant activity, a means of personal response to being in an extreme situation, which, above all, helped student youth to overcome stress and start looking for internal stability, stability in an extreme situation through helping others. The model of students' behavior after leaving the zone of active hostilities and evacuation, related to the activation of volunteer activities, was also considered.

Behavior patterns of the population in relation to health

In order to identify the basic patterns of behavior that reflect the attitude of Russians to their health, a large corpus of relevant scientific literature was analyzed, as well as actual statistical data and the results of representative sociological studies concerning various aspects of both self-preserving and self-destructive behavior of Russians. As a result, four basic models of behavior were formed and described, which differ in a set of positive and negative attitudes and characteristic lines of behavior in relation to one's health («a convinced healthy lifestyle person», «a beginner healthy lifestyle person», «irresponsible» and «self-destructive»). Based on the analysis of statistics and sociological information, it was concluded that even the behavioral model of a «beginner healthy lifestyle person» is implemented by a very minority of Russians. At best, the majority of the population adheres to the «irresponsible» pattern of behavior that involves refusing or reducing the consumption of alcohol and tobacco, but not assuming a rational diet, adequate sleep, physical and medical activity. Hence the task of everyone who has the opportunity to influence citizens, including medical workers, to convey to them the idea that health and longevity are achieved only through systematic and comprehensive efforts. In addition, a number of common misconceptions and unrealistic expectations related to healthy lifestyles were highlighted. Attention is drawn to the fact that subjects capable of exerting an educational impact on citizens, including medical specialists, should not only provide patients with useful knowledge, but also try to protect them from misconceptions and unfounded expectations.

RITUALIZATION OF GIFT-GIVING AS A PROCESS OF SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION

The article considers such a type of social interaction as the exchange and giving of gifts. Giving gifts is an important socio-culturally significant aspect of interpersonal relationships. The article uses the method of comparative analysis of sources of sociological information to conceptualize the category of "gift-giving". The attention of researchers is focused on the features of ritualization as a process of social construction. Based on the materials of the empirical study, the existing practices of gift-giving among the youth are considered. The method of questioning through an online survey was used: a questionnaire survey of young people aged 18-29 (n=124). The main motive for giving gifts is any occasion, holiday, or an important event in the life of a young person. According to the data obtained, gift-giving processes show signs of ritual activities.

RITUALIZATION OF GIFT-GIVING AS A PROCESS OF SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION

The article considers such a type of social interaction as the exchange and giving of gifts. Giving gifts is an important socio-culturally significant aspect of interpersonal relationships. The article uses the method of comparative analysis of sources of sociological information to conceptualize the category of "gift-giving". The attention of researchers is focused on the features of ritualization as a process of social construction. Based on the materials of the empirical study, the existing practices of gift-giving among the youth are considered. The method of questioning through an online survey was used: a questionnaire survey of young people aged 18-29 (n=124). The main motive for giving gifts is any occasion, holiday, or an important event in the life of a young person. According to the data obtained, gift-giving processes show signs of ritual activities.

Building a prediction model of college students’ sports behavior based on machine learning method: combining the characteristics of sports learning interest and sports autonomy

College students’ sports behavior is affected by many factors, and sports learning interest and sports autonomy support are potential psychological characteristic factors, which have important influence value on college students’ sports behavior. Machine learning methods are widely used to construct prediction models and show high efficiency. In order to understand the impact of sports learning interest and sports autonomy support on college students’ sports behavior (physical exercise level), the research decided to use the relevant methods of machine learning to build a prediction model, so as to find the internal relationship between them. This paper summarizes the relevant factors that affect college students’ sports behavior (physical exercise level) from two aspects, namely, sports autonomy and sports learning interest, and surveys the demographic and sociological information of college students as a supplement. The research evaluates the level of the prediction model through the construction of the prediction model of the machine learning algorithm and the comparison method, so as to determine the optimal prediction model. The results show that the prediction accuracy of the logistic regression model is 0.7288, the recall rate is 0.7590, and F1 is 0.7397; The prediction accuracy of KNN model is 0.6895, the recall rate is 0.7596, and F1 is 0.7096; The prediction accuracy of naive Bayesian model is 0.7166, the recall rate is 0.6703, and F1 is 0.6864; the prediction accuracy of LDA model is 0.7263, the recall rate is 0.7290, and F1 is 0.7265; The prediction accuracy of the support vector machine model is 0.6563, the recall rate is 0.7700, and F1 is 0.6845; The prediction accuracy of GBDT model is 0.6953, the recall rate is 0.7039, and the F1 score is 0.6989; The prediction accuracy of the decision tree model is 0.6872, the recall rate is 0.6507, and F1 is 0.6672. The logistic regression model performs best in the combination of sports learning interest and motor autonomy support, due to the combination of its linear classification characteristics, better adaptability, high computational efficiency, and better adaptability to feature selection and outlier processing. The conclusion points out that the prediction level of logistic regression model is the highest when combining sports learning interest and sports autonomy support to predict college students’ sports behavior (sports exercise grade), which also provides an important reference for improving college students’ sports behavior (sports exercise grade).

Проблемы и пути социально-экономического развития муниципальных образований северных и арктических регионов России

The article presents the results of expert surveys analyses conducted by the authors in some northern and Arc-tic regions of the Russian Federation in 2021 and 2022. The purpose of this article is to update the problems identified by experts which impede the efficient socio-economic development of municipalities in the designat-ed regions on the basis of the analysis of sociological information and to identify ways to overcome such prob-lems. The scientific novelty of the study consists in a comprehensive assessment of the expert surveys results, which allowed to detect the most significant problems of socio-economic development of municipalities in some Arctic and northern regions. The practical significance of the research is determined by the development of research and practice recommendations for the improvement of management decisions to mitigate the problems of housing and communal services, insufficient financial resources, personnel training and their rel-evance for the labour market of the specified territories, and the development of entrepreneurial activity.