Sociological Aspects Research Articles

«“Phthonos” and “nemesis” as the emotions of the human mind»

Understanding of the specific meanings of jealousy and envy differs from culture to culture. Some attitudes indicate how a diverse form of base instincts and thoughts, manifested in jealousy, effects below the level of consciousness. In this article are analysed the motives of jealousy, whose multidisciplinarity reflects in the interpretation of this notion from philosophical, psychological, and sociological aspects. The jealousy of some people can be directed at anything they want: professional interests, their friends, even children. This form of jealousy can be characterised as an aggressive attack that, foremost, leads to the commission of a crime, and it is expressed by using violent methods to shed light on relations. In the context of our research, jealousy remains a field of description of a versatile feeling whose motive initiates a willing process and leads to different consequences. The basic form of jealousy is the excitement of a spirit that is not subjugated by reason but initiates unbridled forms of its manifestation.

Legal Protection for Medical Laboratories Concerning Risk-Based Business Licensing Standards and the Fulfillment of Clinical Pathology Specialist

Medical laboratories play a crucial role in the healthcare system but often face regulatory challenges, particularly in the context of licensing. The amendment to the Ministry of Health Regulation on the Standards of Business Activities and Risk-Based Licensing in the Health Sector, which requires Clinical Pathology Specialists (DSPK) as the responsible physician, replacing general practitioners, has created difficulties for medical laboratory operators. The main issue is the uneven distribution of DSPK across Indonesia, which impacts the operation of medical laboratories. This research aims to analyze the legal protection of medical laboratories concerning the fulfillment of risk-based business licensing standards, particularly regarding the requirement for DSPK. The research employs a normative juridical method by examining relevant laws, government regulations, and judicial decisions. The results indicate that in the formulation of regulation, the legislative rationale must consider philosophical, sociological, and juridical aspects. However, the sociological aspects is not fully addressed due to the uneven distribution of DSPK, rendering the regulation ineffective at the national level. This issue hampers public access to quality laboratory services. Therefore, legal protection is needed to ensure that national health standards are achieved without creating disparities in access to healthcare services across different regions.

The aporetic dialogues of Modena on gender differences: Is it all about testosterone? EPISODE I: CRIME.

This is the first episode of a series of four discussions on the differences between males and females, in apparently non-andrological fields. You will read the transcript of discussions that actually took place at the Endocrinology Unit in Modena, Italy, in the form of the aporetic dialogues of ancient Greece. In this episode, the role of testosterone in gender differences in criminal behavior will be explored. The discussants were divided into two groups: group 1, which supports the thesis of a predominant role of testosterone, and group 2, which opposes it. The first group affirmed that both endogenous testosterone and anabolic-androgenic steroids could trigger aggressive and criminal behavior, regardless of predisposition to psychiatric disease or sociocultural background. The second group asserted the multifactorial genesis of aggressive and criminal behavior, citing other hormonal and non-hormonal factors, such as neurotransmitters, cortisol, and sociological and psychological aspects. In the end, a forensic physician, acting as a referee, tried to resolve the aporia: are the two theories equivalent or one is superior?

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЦИФРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ НА ОБУЧЕНИЕ В МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ВУЗАХ: СОЦИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ И ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЕ

This article is dedicated to the study of the impact of digital technologies on the educational process in medical universities, with a focus on sociological aspects and their significance for the healthcare system. It examines how the use of digital tools and platforms changes students' approaches to studying medicine and shapes their perception of the role of technology in improving the quality of medical services and ensuring public health. The informational and educational environment transforms traditional teaching methods, providing new opportunities for updating curricula and creating conditions for the rapid exchange of information between students and educators. Digitalization of the educational process implies a change in the roles of all participants in the educational process. Students become researchers actively using information and communication technologies to acquire knowledge and practical skills. At the same time, educators assume the role of mentors, supporting students in their learning and possessing the necessary competencies in digital technologies. The article analyzes the most effective tools for facilitating interaction in the educational environment, such as virtual boards like Google Jamboard, Miro, and Padlet, which contribute to the development of critical thinking and presentation skills among students. Additionally, the article addresses the challenges faced by medical universities in the process of integrating digital technologies. Effective implementation of digitalization requires strategic planning and a comprehensive approach to updating educational programs, which will create a sustainable platform for the future professional growth of students. In conclusion, the authors emphasize that digital technologies, along with innovative teaching methods, significantly enhance the quality of education in medical universities. This, in turn, contributes to the training of highly qualified specialists capable of effectively working in modern healthcare conditions, ultimately having a positive impact on public health and the organization of healthcare as a whole.

Studi Sosiolinguistik pada Nadhoman Terjemah Kitab Syu’abul Iman Karya KH. A Wahab Muhsin

Sociolinguistic studies are part of modern linguistic studies which cover all linguistic phenomena and their communities. This study can explain word preferences or language structures that differentiate one literary work from another based on the relationship between individuals, populations, periodization and people's lifestyle patterns. The source of sociolingistics research is all types of communication that use language, both spoken and written in all varieties of languages ​​in the world. This research aims to describe sociolinguistic relationships and traces of their application in Nadhoman's "Translation of Syu'abul Iman". The data used in this research are all aspects of perspective studies which include figurative sentences in the form of symbols, images, figurative language or figures of speech, as well as diction or choice of words as well as expressions in the form of loanwords, theme idioms, diction, language style, imagination and messages that describe the influence sociological and linguistic aspects of the translation of the book Syu'abul Iman by KH.A Wahab Muhsin in the form of a translation of the book Syu'abul Iman which was compiled in 1967. Researchers indicate that there are linguistic values ​​related to the situation and social relations in it. To prove this, the author analyzes it using descriptive qualitative methods. The data collection technique in this research is a reading-note technique. The technique is carried out by reading, taking notes for analysis based on the perspective study. The research results obtained prove that sociolinguistics is very influential on the building blocks of the translation of the book Syu'abul Iman.Keywords: Sociolinguistics, Sundanese Nazhoman, Translation.

Kearifan Lokal Minangkabau: Simbiosis Sosial Ekonomi Antara Pasar Nagari dengan Terminal di Sumatera Barat

Abstract: Market and terminal are two places that can both be described as something crowded, noisy, complicated, and prone to crime. However, behind this general condition, it turns out that markets and terminals are inseparable symbiosis in the economy of cities and regions. If this symbiosis is separated, inevitably, the terminal will not develop. This is the case with several inter-provincial (AKDP) and inter-provincial (AKAP) public transportation terminals. This paper explains the relationship between the two as a socio-economic symbiosis, a Minangkabau local wisdom, and the following phenomena. It can be concluded that (a). reflecting on the planning and development of traditional markets in West Sumatra, especially the nagari market; the nagari market is crowded because one is always next to the terminal (b). local wisdom between the market and the terminal is like water and fish. Fish cannot live without water. But a terminal without a market around it is like a fish without water. This is the case in nine of the ten AKDP and AKAP terminals in West Sumatra (c). terminal construction is always located in the district's capital city, except for the Kiliran Jao terminal (Sijunjung Regency), which does not consider the location's economic, pathological, and sociological aspects. However, each development is always accompanied by a feasibility study per the Ministry of Transportation requirements.

METHODOLOGICAL JUSTIFICATION OF THE GERONTOLOGICAL CARE PRACTICE IN SOCIAL WORK: SOCIOLOGICAL AND DIDACTIC ASPECTS

The article reveals methodological approaches to the scientific study of the content of gerontological assistance to clients of social services as a direction of professional social work and a segment of university social education. A conceptual justification is given for the synthesis of sociological and didactic aspects of understanding gerontological social work in modern society. A theoretical and methodological analysis of socio-cultural factors of gerontological assistance to clients of social services and controversial issues of training future social workers in universities in technologies of gerontological assistance to the population is carried out.

Dualistic View in the Formulation of Criminal Offenses in the National Criminal Code

This article discusses the shift in criminal law perspectives in Indonesia from monist to dualist within the National Criminal Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana or KUHP). The term "pidana," originating from the Dutch word "straf," is defined as the punishment imposed by the state for criminal law violations. Since the colonial era, Indonesia inherited Dutch criminal law, which underwent reforms starting in 1958. These reforms were driven by the need for a better criminal legal framework in line with societal developments. The aim of criminal law reform is to achieve legal certainty, justice, and utility. The reasons for reform are influenced by political, sociological, psychological, and practical aspects. Reform efforts include legal discoveries through interpretation, analogy, and legal refinement, covering substantive, structural, and cultural aspects of the law. The National Criminal Code of Indonesia has shifted its perspective from monist to dualist. Monist theory unifies the wrongful nature and culpability as elements of a criminal act, while dualist theory separates them. The National Criminal Code affirms this separation but still formulates the subjective element of negligence in specific criminal acts. This shift in perspective has implications for law enforcement processes in courts. Prosecutors are not required to prove intent, and courts must balance criminal acts and criminal liability. However, there is a need for the development and understanding of these concepts by law enforcement, legal advisors, and judges to maintain a balance between legal certainty and justice. In conclusion, the National Criminal Code adopts a dualist perspective to strengthen the role of criminal law. The separation of criminal acts and criminal liability is expected to enhance the balance between legal certainty and justice in criminal court decisions in Indonesia.

On mediation: ethnographic and statistical analysis of an Indian helpline for reporting "Sound Abuse in Public Spaces"

This paper focuses on the Indian program "National Initiative for Safe Sound", a non-profit group based in Kerala. One of NISS's main actions is running a telephone helpline for residents "to report sound abuse in public spaces." It provides the population with its first opportunity to speak out about the disturbing noises they endure, and is an invitation to nurture sonic citizenship via intermediation with noise-makers. Unlike governmental services that gather data in pre-established categories, the helpline foregrounds the fundamentally sociological aspects of sound annoyance. As part of its telephone exchange, the helpline maintains a register recording some personal information, details on the context of the noise, and the indicated sound sources. Ethnographic and statistical analyses are combined to precisely identify the social and geographical origin of callers, categories of sound sources, and the nature of the conflicts that emerge from the experience of unwanted sound. This paper describes local singularities and remarkable differences with comparable, earlier studies based on "official" noise complaints in other countries. We favored an anthropological approach, offering an initial analysis of the profile of people calling in with complaints, and their highly conflictual relationship with the sounds entering the public space from places of worship.

An assessment of economy- and transport-oriented health performance

BackgroundGood health can prolong one’s lifespan and is a fundamental human right. Thus, human health is being influenced by prejudiced from sociological, environmental, economic, and geographic aspects. The economy and transportation system pose a serious challenge to the assessment of the health performance of economies.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the health performance of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) economies by using economic and transport-related indicators and examining the role of health expenditure and governance in improving efficiency.MethodsThis study measures the economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency of 35 OECD economies for the period of 2000–2022. In the first stage, this study employs a slacks-based measure and the data envelopment analysis–window analysis approach to conduct individual (economy and transportation) and joint assessments to measure health efficiency. In the second stage, this study uses the tobit regression method to investigate the effects of influencing factors, namely, government general health and pharmaceutical expenditures, the medical infrastructure, and governance, on health efficiency.ResultsEmpirical results reveal that a 1-unit change in the health expenditure during the research period improves economy-oriented health efficiency by 71% and transport-oriented health efficiency by 58%. The econometric analysis demonstrates that all the coefficients of economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency are significant and positive. Notably, a 1-unit change in the medical infrastructure increases economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency by 50.8%, and a 1% increase in pharmaceutical expenditure increases the health, economy, and transport efficiency scores by 16.3%, 33%, and 58.6%, respectively.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that some of the economies were efficient with regard to their health-oriented outputs, that is, quality of life and mortality and morbidity rates, and most of the economies demonstrated excellent economic performance. The findings of the transport-oriented health efficiency assessment reveal that the economies were unable to perform well in the last year of the research period owing to the nationwide lockdowns. Nonetheless, they demonstrated efficiency in the first half of the research period. The joint assessment of economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency indicates that economic and transport input resources can adversely affect the GDP and life expectancy simultaneously, and the medical infrastructure, pharmaceutical expenditure, and number of medical graduates serve as constructive stimuli for health efficiency improvement.

The experience of sexual harassment victims in accessing counseling services at higher education institutions in Samarinda

This study aims to understand the experiences of sexual harassment victims in accessing counseling services at higher education institutions in Samarinda. The research addresses a gap in the literature, as most previous studies have focused more on the legal, sociological, and psychological aspects of sexual harassment but have not deeply explored the experiences of victims in accessing counseling services at the university level. This qualitative phenomenological research employed the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) approach. The participants consisted of four sexual harassment victims from two universities, one public and one religious-based institution. The findings of this study identified three main barriers. First, a lack of information regarding the counseling services available on campus led to delays in seeking help by the victims. Second, feelings of shame prevented victims from accessing counseling services as they were reluctant to share their traumatic experiences. This sense of shame was often exacerbated by fear of being blamed or perceived as overreacting by others, causing victims to keep their experiences to themselves. Third, the fear of social and academic stigma, including concerns about negative judgment from peers and lecturers, particularly if the perpetrator was a faculty member, became a significant obstacle for victims seeking help. Some victims even expressed concerns about the impact on their academic achievements if the incident became public. The study emphasizes the importance of policies that ensure easy access and clear information about counseling services, as well as efforts to reduce stigma, to encourage victims to seek help.

A Sociological Study into the Impact of Capital on Moss Roberts’ Translation—<i>Three Kingdoms: A Historical Novel</i>

The study of translation has undergone a shift from language-level analysis to a cultural turn and, subsequently, a return to a more macroscopic social perspective. As social research in translation primarily targets external factors, it falls under centrifugal research in translation studies. To sustain the vitality of translation studies, there is a need for a balanced approach, combining centrifugal research with centripetal research. Moss Roberts’ translation of <i>San Guo Yan Yi</i> is initiated by China Foreign Language Press and co-published by China and the US presses in 1991. It is considered the most academic complete English version of <i>San Guo Yan Yi</i>. Drawing on the social practice theory of French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, this study analyzes Moss Roberts’ translation practices of and the influence of capital in the English translation and dissemination field. It attempts a micro-level and reverse study of sociological aspects of translation by examining three key aspects: the influence of cultural capital, the impact of social capital, and the manipulation of power capital. The results showed that Moss Roberts’ translation practices are deeply influenced by his cultural, social and power capital. Among them, his cultural capital enables the translation to be academic; his social capital empowers it to be accurate and faithful; and his power capital manipulates it where religious information arises.

The Impact of Teacher Training in Social Justice Education on Classroom Practices and Student Outcomes in Nigeria

This study investigated the impact of teacher training in social justice education (SJE) on classroom practices and student results in Nigerian schools, including cultural, economic, and sociological aspects. The research emphasized the crucial importance of teacher training in incorporating social justice ideas into education, as it acknowledges the significant impact of SJE in fostering critical thinking, empathy, and social equity. The study utilized a combination of quantitative and qualitative analyses to evaluate the level of SJE integration in teacher training programs. It also examined how this integration affects instructional tactics and therefore influences student academic performance and social awareness. The results emphasized the strong positive relationship between extensive SJE training and enhanced classroom inclusivity, increased student involvement in social matters, and overall academic success. Although educators trained in SJE face obstacles related to institutions and resources, they are able to create a learning environment that is more inclusive and encourages critical engagement. This research adds to the discussion on educational equity by promoting the implementation of SJE training in teacher education programs. The goal is to provide educators with the skills they need to address social inequalities and create a fair and inclusive learning environment. Keywords: Teacher Training, Social Justice, Education, Classroom Practices, Student Outcomes

Innovation of Anti-Bullying Education Model in Islamic Boarding Schools: A Systematic Literature Review

This research investigates the development of anti-bullying education models in Islamic boarding schools between 2019 and 2024, with a focus on the effectiveness of prevention and intervention strategies. The method used is Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which involves article inclusion and exclusion criteria as well as data extraction and synthesis processes from two main databases, namely Google Scholar and ERIC, through the Publish or Perish version 8 application. A total of 146 articles were identified, but after selection process, only 25 articles met the inclusion criteria, while publications in the form of books and seminar proceedings were excluded due to the tendency for peer-review to be less stringent. The research results show that the two main models, namely early prevention and intervention against perpetrators and victims of bullying, have developed significantly. While both models are important, a humanist educational approach to prevention has stronger potential to reduce bullying incidents. In addition, a comprehensive holistic approach was found which includes humanist, sociological, participatory and psychotherapeutic educational aspects through dhikr. These findings provide practical insights for stakeholders to improve anti-bullying curricula and develop intervention strategies that are more sensitive to the cultural and religious context in Islamic boarding schools.

Body schema and body image as internal representations of the body, and their disorders. An historical review.

Since the early 1900s, the terms body schema and body image denoted the internal representations of the body. Bonnier's (1905, Revue Neurologique, 13, 605) schema is a conscious spatial representation of the size, shape, and position of the body, and of body parts, whose dysfunction brings about aschématia, and hypo-, hyper-, and paraschématia. The two schemata of Head and Holmes (1911, Brain, 34, 102) are an unconscious plastic postural schema, for the maintenance of posture and balance and for the coding of the position of body parts, and a conscious superficial schema, for the localisation of somatosensory stimuli. Pick's (1922, Psychologische Forschung, 1, 303) body schema refers to a structural description of the body, including the position of body parts and their spatial relationships, defective in autotopagnosia. Schilder's (1935, The image and appearance of the human body) body image is a comprehensive construct, covering physiological, evolutional, neurological and neuropsychological, psychiatric and sociological aspects. Lhermitte's (1939, L'image de notre corps) image, based on the views of the abovementioned authors, is defective in bodily neuropsychological disorders. The two terms have been used interchangeably, to denote (hemi-)asomatognosia, anosognosia, autotopagnosia, depersonalisation, personal neglect, phantom and supernumerary limbs, somatoparaphrenia. Their properties have been summarized with general dichotomies: schema for action in space ("where" system), image for perception ("what" system), after primary sensory processing. While schema and image fractionated into multiple representations of aspects of the body, the two terms are still used to refer to some of these representations, and to their disorders.

A Medico-Sociological Study on Postpartum Depression: Wedum Gei Sanniya

Postpartum depression is a medical condition faced by some mothers during pregnancy, influenced by cultural values and norms in the Asian Sri Lankan context. This research aimed to investigate the medical and sociological aspects of the healthcare system and treatment conditions for postpartum depression. A sample of 25 respondents, including 20 people from rural and urban areas, was selected for the study. Data analysis was conducted using 20 in-depth interviews and 5 semi-structured interviews. The study found a clear difference between traditional treatment methods in the western medical system and traditional methods in Sri Lankan rural society. About 40% of the sample resorted to treatment in the rural knowledge system, while the remaining 60% relied solely on western medicine. In rural Sri Lankan society, postpartum depression is analyzed through supernatural forces and interpersonal relationships, with chemical methods being used for remedies. However, postpartum depression in urban society tends to shift away from indigenous wisdom-based cultural healing systems and towards Western medical treatments. The research findings suggest that while Western medicine is used in environments affected by modernization and urbanization, alternative medicine is still used in rural areas. The power of the Western medicine system in Sri Lanka should be examined, as it may continue to be based on modernity and urbanization.

Мотивация поступления в высшие учебные заведения и медиапредпочтения выпускников школ приграничного региона Дальнего Востока

Сompetitive environment in the race for prospective students underscores the relevance of the sociological aspects of university admission campaigns. This article aims to analyze the motivation of high school graduates from the border region of the Russian Far East to enroll in higher education institutions, as well as their media preferences. The dominant motivations include the prospects of securing good employment and the opportunity for self-realization in a preferred profession. Non-regional universities are more attractive for school graduates compared to local ones due to such competitive advantages as the high professionalism of teachers, the prestige of a university diploma, and good employment after graduation. The article reveals the peculiarities of value orientations of applicants aimed at enrollment in different Amur universities, with a common value core. Social sciences and humanities lead as the most preferred fields of study, alongside technical engineering and medical disciplines. Personal interest and the opportunity to obtain a quality education dominate among the motives for choosing a field of study. There is only one source of information about universities that is most popular and enjoys the most trust – Internet sites. Traditional media have been replaced by Internet media and “live” sources of information – parents and friends. Among specific media sources, Telegram channels are the most favored.

Forms of Criminal Acts in The Novel Save Me by Caaay and The Novel Janji by Tere Liye (Study of Sociology of Literature)

This research aims to find various forms of criminal acts contained in two novels, entitled Save Me by Caaay and Janji by Tere Liye. The first novel entitled Save Me was published in June 2023 by publisher Skuad x Akad, while the second novel entitled Janji was published in July 2021 by publisher Sabakgrip. The data found is in the form of text in the two novels, as evidence of the various forms of criminal acts committed. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method and a literary sociology approach with Sigmund Freud's personality theory. Sigmund Freud's personality theory includes three aspects; Id as a biological aspect, Ego as a psychological aspect and Superego as a sociological aspect. The results of the research found various forms of criminal acts in the novel Save Me by Caaay and the novel Janji by Tere Liye, such as theft, fighting, bullying, drunkenness, threats, fraud, violence, harassment, destruction of facilities and murder. This form of criminal action cannot be separated from social, moral, legal and educational values which can provide inspiration for writers and readers. These actions are a reflection of social society that often occurs recently. The novel Save Me and novel Janji teaches mutual respect, help, support, inspiration and the importance of paying attention to cases of bullying that are rife.

Empowering Song

The aim of this study is to explore which aspects of the Empowering Song approach have been used in the process of teaching and learning music to marginalized people and how these activities can affect them, changing their attitudes and helping them to understand themselves and others, and how this can help build community. The methods used for data collection were as follows: bibliographical research, a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and observation at meetings of the Race, Prison, Justice, Arts project, the Voices21C choir and the Empowering Song: music with body, mind and heart course. The result of the data analysis was the organization of the activities into four categories: musical-educational, philosophical, psychological, and sociological aspects. The conclusion was that the Empowering Song approach profoundly impacts marginalized people through its interdisciplinarity, functioning as a means of social justice, allowing them to find themselves as artists and express themselves through art.

Evaluation of a data-driven youngstock rearing quality system in Dutch dairy herds (2019–2022)

In recent years, the Netherlands exhibited an increased focus on improving youngstock rearing. Several data-driven tools were developed to assess and benchmark calf rearing practices based on key indicators, stimulate farmers to improve their youngstock rearing and reduce calf mortality. KalfOK is such a data-driven tool in which a farm-level overview with 15 indicators of youngstock rearing quality is communicated to participating farmers. In this study we assessed which farm characteristics are associated with A) a continuously high or low KalfOK score and B) frequent usage of KalfOK. Data from KalfOK and the identification and registration system were available for all participating herds over a period between 2019 and 2022 (Dataset A). Additionally, a sample of 324 dairy farmers, randomly selected from the entire Dutch dairy population (Dataset B), participated in a voluntary survey. Multivariable (logistic) regression models were used to A) identify differences in characteristics between farms with a continuously high- and farms with a continuously low KalfOK score and B) assess which farm characteristics were associated with frequent use of the KalfOK report. The results of analysis A showed multiple factors associated with having a low or high KalfOK score, including replacement rate, closed farming system, limited growth in herd size and the region where a farm was located. Sociological factors might also partly explain the difference between high and low scoring farms. Analysis B showed that approximately half of the surveyed farmers indicated that they do not frequently use their KalfOK overview in their calf rearing management. The KalfOK score of farmers who regularly use their KalfOK report was higher – and consequently better - compared to the KalfOK score of farmers who sometimes or never use KalfOK. Additionally, farmers using a milk robot and those discussing KalfOK regularly with their veterinarian, used KalfOK more often. Thirty four percent of the surveyed farmers made adjustments to their youngstock rearing management since the start of participation. The study’s insights into patterns in KalfOK utilization and associations with farm characteristics provide valuable information for ongoing efforts to enhance calf rearing practices via the use of KalfOK. It is important to consider what is needed to convince farmers that do not use the KalfOK tool to frequently start using their KalfOK report. Future research incorporating sociological aspects can provide a more comprehensive understanding of other dynamics influencing calf rearing and contribute valuable insights for enhancing the effectiveness of programs like KalfOK in promoting calf health and welfare.