Socioeconomic Situation In Regions Research Articles

THE ROLE OF THE MACHINE-BUILDING CLUSTER IN ENSURING THE DEFENCE CAPABILITY OF UKRAINE

Topicality. Given the geopolitical situation, where Ukraine faces threats to its sovereignty and territorial integrity, ensuring defense capability becomes the most important task. The development of modern technologies in the defense industry, including Industry 4.0, emphasizes the need to supply the Ukrainian army with high-quality foreign equipment and technologies. Cooperation with leading international corporations in the defense sector opens up opportunities for technology exchange, investments, and the integration of new possibilities for the development of the Ukrainian defense industry.Ukrainian machine-building enterprises possess significant potential in the production, repair, and modernization of military equipment, which can be utilized to meet the army's needs. The gradual localization of Western technology production in Ukraine will contribute to reducing dependence on imports and increasing production volumes. The development of the service, repair, and restoration sector of military equipment can positively impact employment and the socio-economic situation in regions of Ukraine.In particular, the development of modern defense potential is a strategically important task for any state. Ensuring the availability and effective use of modern military technology is a necessity for maintaining a peaceful atmosphere and national security. Collaboration with leading international companies and the implementation of modern production technologies equate Ukrainian machine-building to global leaders, opening the way for foreign investments and the development of new technological sectors in Ukraine. The implementation of Industry 4.0 and collaboration with international partners allow for a significant improvement in the technical level and efficiency of Ukrainian armed forces, ensuring their readiness to face challenges and threats. The development of innovative management technologies and production culture provides Ukrainian enterprises with a competitive advantage in the global market, promoting their further growth and development.Aim and tasks. The aim of the research is to analyze and assess the potential of the machine-building cluster in the context of ensuring Ukraine's defense capability in a complex geopolitical environment.The research tasks include: conducting an analysis of the current situation in development of machine-building clusters in Ukraine and the necessity of implementing modern technologies in machine-building ; evaluating the role and potential of the machine-building cluster in ensuring the defense capability of the country; analyzing the possibilities of cooperation with leading international companies in the defense industry; studying the capabilities of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises in the production, repair, and modernization of military equipment; developing the key provisions of the strategy for the gradual localization of Western technology production in Ukraine; analyzing the impact of the development of the service, repair, and restoration sector of military equipment on the socio-economic situation of the country's regions based on the implementation of modern technologies and management practices to enhance the competitiveness of Ukrainian machine-building enterprises.Materials and Methods. This study explores the advantages and prospects of forming machine-building clusters, their impact on the socio-economic development of the country, and the enhancement of defense capabilities through the use of comparative, systemic-structural, analytical, theoretical generalization, and empirical observation methods.Research results. The research has established that the machine-building cluster in Ukraine possesses significant potential for ensuring the country's defense capability within a complex geopolitical context. It is emphasized that collaboration with leading international companies in the defense industry provides opportunities for technology exchange, investment attraction, and enhancement of the Ukrainian defense production potential. This is due to the fact that Ukrainian machine-building enterprises have substantial capabilities in the production, repair, and modernization of military equipment, which can be utilized to meet the army's needs. Additionally, the gradual localization of Western technology production in Ukraine will contribute to reducing dependence on imports and increasing production volumes.Conclusion. The research findings attest to the significance of the machine-building sector cluster in the context of ensuring Ukraine's defense capability. Collaboration with international partners and the implementation of modern production technologies are key factors in enhancing the competitiveness and expanding the potential of the Ukrainian defense industry. The development of this sector is a strategically important task for ensuring national security and strengthening Ukraine's international standing.

Digital Environment for Regional Science Development: New Possibilities

The paper is about regional science as a special research area which contributes into the explanation of large-scale processes, on the one hand, and promotes the development of the certain region, on the other. Although the division of science according to the territorial criterion is still being neglected but some researchers, the present-day regional science now remains a significant and multi-dimensional subsystem of science. This paper deals with the empirical segment of regional science which differs from both theoretical and applied research the latter being inaccessible for common public. The article proposes the way to digitalize the empirical regional science by designing the special search and analytic system which mightsubsequently become incorporated into the interface of scientific electronic libraries. The shell of the system is seen as an interactive map representing Russian regions (and in perspective also macro-regions and municipal entities), to which relevant scientific publications will be assigned. The system could be used to define the degree, to which some research theme is developed on the example of certain regions. Hence the analysis of the research background should be most precise and meaningful. Besides, the search of scientific information concerning the certain region seems to be useful not only for researchers but also for those whogovern science. It will be possible for the powerholders to match regional problems with the ways to their solving proposed by the regional science. Also, the state and regional authorities will be able to declare the prioritized research themes on the basis of its true background and relevance. In the long run, the proposed search and analytic system could become the basis for the choice of a research theme – especially by the beginners – in a more fundamental fashion. This enables the science not only to remain a means of self-fulfillment for individual researchers but also become an effective tool for overwhelming interregional inequalities and improving the socioeconomic situation in regions.

Relationship between Regional Socio-Economic Development and Corporate Ratings of Russian Companies

The search for new sources of regional development is important due to the slowdown in economic growth and the need to shift the emphasis of industrial policy from the macro level to the level of regions and individual companies. In this regard, we consider the participation of companies in reputation ratings as a new source for increasing the investment attractiveness of regions. Additionally, we examine the relationship between corporate and regional ratings: corporate ratings demonstrate a company’s compliance with the sustainable development goals, which, in turn, improves the socio-economic performance of regions. We revealed the positive influence of high corporate ratings on the socio-economic development of regions, opening a new area for interdisciplinary research combining corporate finance and regional economics. On the example of 130 biggest Russian public non-financial companies, we obtained several significant results that allow determining the impact of corporate ratings on the socio-economic situation of regions and corporate financial performance. The ratings include Sustainable development Index of the Russian Union of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs (RUIE), Environmental responsibility rating of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Russia, and Corporate social responsibility rating of the Association of Managers of Russia (AMR). The calculations showed that the participation of companies in the ratings of WWF Russia and RUIE positively affects the indicators sustainable development of regions where these companies are located. Simultaneously, the influence of companies’ participation in the rating of WWF Russia is higher than the influence of participation in the RUIE rating. In addition, reputation ratings have a positive impact on the return on assets and market capitalisation of Russian companies. Thus, we proved that participation in corporate ratings leads to an increase in performance. However, the effects of participation in various ratings differ. For example, to increase its conditions and performance, a company should be a leader of the rating of RUIE and just participate in the rating of WWF Russia. The rating of AMR influences the market capitalisation the most. The obtained findings indicate the need for expanding the participation of Russian companies in corporate ratings and enable research in the field of sustainable development of companies.

Анализ межрегиональных миграционных потоков в России в проекции отдельных видов миграции

The impact of interregional migration on regional economic and social sphere necessitates the determination of migration factors. An analysis of existing studies has shown that gravity models can be considered the most effective tool for migration flows analysis. At the same time existing studies show a weak elaboration of approaches that involve the separation of migration into different types depending on the goal of the relocation. The purpose of the article is to analyze the interregional migration flows in the context of types of migration identifying a set of factors that determine a particular type of migration. The main result obtained by the authors is the determination of three regional clusters that attract a certain type of migrants. Clustering was carried out using a set of indicators with a model-oriented clustering methods. The main conclusions made in the article are related to improving the quality of models when dividing regions into clusters and including different variables for certain types of migration. However, the authors note that the input data for the analysis is somewhat noisy, since it contains migrants of all ages. Therefore, the obtained regional groupings by type of migration are only the first approximation of differentiation by type of arriving or departing citizens. The results of the study can be used for further work on the definition of the determinants of interregional migration, as well as for studies on the impact of migration on regional labor markets and socioeconomic situation of regions.

Theoretical aspects of considering the dynamic characteristics of socioeconomic systems in the management of regional development

An analysis shows that the asymmetry in the regional development of Russia persists at a rather high level with time, despite its weakening to some extent, requiring urgent measures to improve the socio� economic situation in regions. These measures must not be reduced to the redistribution of the available resources; it is necessary to use market principles aimed at forming a favorable business climate and stimulat� ing competitive industries. For this purpose, creation of the special agency is suggested to coordinate state policies that touch the area of regional development. It is suggested that particular attention should be paid to developing a structural policy aimed at forming rational proportions of the economic system, for which a corresponding system of regional development indi� cators must be formed. The authors pay particular attention to the proportion between the consumption and accumulation. The results of studies using empirical data for branches of the regional economic complex in Kursk oblast of Russia during a long period of time have allowed for the conclusion that it is possible to use a harmonic proportion in the field under consideration. The revealed regularities are suggested to be used when giving a theoretical substantiation to measures of the regional economic policy and making prediction of the effects of its implementation.