Socio-historical Method Research Articles

Metode Sosio-Historis Abdullah Saeed dalam Penafsiran Ayat Waris: Studi Kritis

In interpreting Qur'anic verses, contemporary Muslim thinkers usually argue that the current context and the context in which the verse was revealed are different. This necessitates a new method to produce contemporary Islamic laws that are different from the Islamic laws of the seventh century Hijri. One of them is the law of inheritance. Abdullah Saeed believes that the inheritance laws used since the past are no longer in accordance with the context of today. Many women are now economically independent, have educational and employment opportunities. By looking at the differences in these conditions, Saeed proposes the idea of re-reading the inheritance verse, and then replacing the law with other possibilities. Saeed's method contradicts the pious salaf scholars’ interpretation methods. Therefore, this article explains, analyzes, and critically examines the socio-historical method offered by Abdullah Saeed in interpreting the verse of inheritance. The article found that Saeed's attempt causes a change in meaning, because interpretation will continue to change in accordance with the changing times. Changes are not only made to relative verses (mutaghayyirāt), but also to absolute verses (tsawābit). Furthermore, this socio-historical model of interpretation changes the structure of the Islamic religion, including inheritance.

Transitions in Patristic Cosmology: From Cosmophobia to Universe-(Re)Making

The field of Patristics, or early Christian and Mediaeval Studies, traditionally works along the lines of historical and literary criticism. But this method is not always useful, especially when it comes to complex objects and circumstances. No wonder the current trend of replacing it, more often than not, by interdisciplinary frameworks. The article begins accordingly by reviewing three interdisciplinary frameworks, namely, the “socio-historical method”, “Deep Time”, and archaeological theorist Roland Fletcher’s “transitions”, highlighting their suitability for a comprehensive approach to Patristic cosmology. Here, cosmology should not be taken in the narrow sense of contemporary science. It means both a way of representing reality—a worldview—and a way of inhabiting the world. The present article analyses the evolution of the early Christian and mediaeval perception of the environment and the cosmos in Greek sources, pointing to successive transitions from apprehension (cosmophobia) to a keen interest in understanding nature to the thought that holiness represents a universe-(re)making agency. It addresses relevant historical and social circumstances, but proposes that the above transitions were triggered by internal or existential factors as well, and not only external, thus complementing Fletcher’s outline, which focuses upon external catalysts, such as economy and technology.

Pemikiran Driyarkara tentang Pendidikan dan Implikasinya bagi Etika Pancasila

This writing aims to explain and analyze Driyarkara's educational model, the role of Driyarkara's thinking in Indonesian education, and Driyarkara's efforts in realizing his point of view on education in Indonesia. The writing of this article uses the socio-historical method with the stages of verification, heuristics, interpretation, and historiography using a sociocultural approach and analytical descriptive writing. The results of this article explain that: (1) Driyarkara's educational model includes humanization, humanism, humanity, and humanism, (2) the role of Driyarkara's thinking in contributing to the nature of humanity in a complex manner through character building in educational institutions, 3) Efforts Driyarakara in realizing his point of view in expressing ideas in a book and implementing the realization of the application of character-based education in the field of education in order to create graduates with competent characters, compassion, and conscience. (4) An outline of Driyarkara's thoughts that are mutually sustainable and fundamentally related, including human characteristics, human morality, and conscience. (5) The ethical dimension of Driyarkara: Theological deontology. (6) The ethical implications of Pancasila from the Driyarkara perspective.

John 8:3–11 and gender-based violence in Johane Marange Apostolic Church, Ruwa District, Zimbabwe

John 8:3–11 depicts the story of a woman who is condemned to death because she was caught in the act of adultery. The Pharisees and Scribes who condemned the woman cited Deuteronomy 22:23–24 and Leviticus 20:10 which prescribe death penalty for adultery. What begs answers through this hermeneutical study of the pericope from the lens of gender-based violence (GBV) in Johane Marange Apostolic Church, Ruwa District, in Zimbabwe, is why only the woman was picked for condemnation yet the cited Mosaic Law provides that both the man and the woman who engage in the act of adultery face capital punishment. The article interrogates the text to identify limbs or tentacles on which the decision by the Pharisees and Scribes to condemn only the woman leaving out the man stands. An exegetical study of the text is conducted to explore possible reasons behind the relegation of women to the receiving end of misogynistic socially constructed gender stereotypes. A qualitative methodological praxis fusing socio-historical method and qualitative analysis is engaged in analysing the Biblical Johannine and Johane Marange Apostolic Church Ruwa District communities, respectively. The article mirrors patriarchal tendencies in the Johane Marange Apostolic Church into the selective application of biblical doctrine between males and females depicted in the Johannine text of John 8:3–11. The article argues and concludes that, as reflected in John 8:3–11, GBV practices in Johane Marange Apostolic Church have sentenced women to sexual exploitation, rape, early child marriages and high maternal mortality rate.Contribution: The study recommends ways of cutting the tentacles of the acts of GBV being imposed on women in general, and on the girl child in particular.

CRUELTY OF SLAVERY IN AMERICA AS SEEN IN HARRIET BEECHER STOWE’S UNCLE TOM’S CABIN

The purpose of this research is to examine the cruelty of slavery in America as shown inHarriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin. It is done to show the many sorts ofenslavement cruelty present in the novel, as well as the causes of the brutality in thestory. The writers have decided to undertake this research using qualitative methods.The writers employ a socio-historical method to data analysis. In the discussion isdivided into several indicators, such as cruelty of slavery which is divided into slavetreat as thing or properties and object of physical violence. The other indicator is slavessuffer as the effect cruelty of slavery which divided into racism, discrimination, slaves’life is restricted and rebellion. Based on the results of the discussion, it can be concludedthat slavery has happened to black people who are very cruel in America and evenlegalized. South Americans treat black people as slaves inhumanely and treat them likeanimals.

LABOR AND HUMAN CONDITIONS: BRAZILIAN PANORAMA AND RURAL SPACES

The objective of the article is to analyze the working conditions in the Brazilian rural space and whether these conditions are similar or not to slave work. The country's agrarian structure is directly related to the persistence of overexploitation of the labor of rural workers. To develop this study and understand the contradictions existing in rural labor relations in Brazil in the 21st century, the article used the socio-historical method, comprehending the contradiction of national agrarian issues as one of the roots of this phenomenon. Through the database of the Dom Tomás Balduíno Documentation Center it was found that between 2015 and 2019 there was a decrease in the number of occurrences of work analogous to slavery. However, this decrease may be related to the precariousness of the labor inspection system, the criminalization of social movements, the propaganda on social media against the defense of human rights and the speech that became hegemonic, since 2016, regarding the freedom for defense of property. The conflicts generated in rural spaces with the expansion of agrarian capital are confronted with the immediate needs of peasants and rural workers who create conditions to build new knowledge and new potentials for social organization.

Social Issues in the Poems of Twentieth-Century West African Writers

West African poetry has depicted many aspects of the life of the community, and this is reflected in the odes of many West African poets. Because his poems are directly related to their own lives and the lives of people in society. West African Arabic poetry gave great importance to this aspect, and poets discussed it in their divans. Social poetry is to convey the life of society in all its forms and aspects, and to touch on the lives of people in various fields and the issues that concern them. From this point of view, this research -by using the socio-historical method - aims to examine the details of the social life of West African society and to reveal the social relations and traditions between individuals by examining poetic texts on social life. The importance of this work is due to the fact that it contributes to the recognition of some aspects and different manifestations of social life in West Africa by examining the poems of poets who touch on social aspects. This research answers two questions: What are the most important social issues addressed by the regional writers? Does social poetry reflect the reality of African society as it is? In the research, many social issues, including the positive and negative phenomena that the local poets dealt with in their poetry divans, were mentioned. Among the most important positive themes, there are behaviors that are appreciated in society, such as benevolence to parents, respect for science and teachers, fraternity and social solidarity, justice, and social assistance. As for the negative issues and problems that social poetry struggles with, these include poverty, unemployment, bribery, injustice, corruption, drug abuse, and betrayal. The research is limited to Senegal, Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso, Ghana, and Benin from 16 countries in the West African region. Because the Arabic poems written in these countries differ from those written in the rest of the region in terms of quantity, quality, and style. It contains poems of prominent poets from these countries. These include Malian poets Yacob Doucoure and Amr Abdulatif Sacko, Senegalese poets Tijan Gay, Davud Adekeleken, and Tijan al-Hac Mansur Sy, Burkina Faso poet Ghanami, Ghanaian poet Mohamad Rashad, Benin poets Sulaiman Maysuna and Musa Babatandi, and Niger poet Ali al-Ashly. There are many distinguished poets as for the reasons for the preference of these poets; they gave more importance to social issues compared to other poets in the region and frequently mentioned these issues. However, his poems were written in very plain language and syllabic meter.

The Sidney Sperry/Heber Snell Debates: Critical Biblical Scholarship and Mormon Tradition

The Sidney Sperry/Heber Snell Debates: Critical Biblical Scholarship and Mormon Tradition

Politico-Legal Review of the Revised-Bill of the Corruption Eradication Commission and Omnibus Law

The paper aims to prove that political compromise may create legal antagonisms, paradoxes and strengthen the influence of elite-oligarchy. The paper is based on the theory that the concept of consensus in the context of the political system is closely related to the Indonesian cultural democracy. However, in the implementation, there is an underlying principle of checks and balances as a systemic guarantee, so that democracy is not merely a tool of ‘killing ground of freedom’ to manipulate the essence of democracy itself, in particular, by the dominant forces of the elite and the oligarchy. Through the socio-historical method (empirical approach), this paper examined the emergence of the phenomenon of antagonism and paradox of regulatory formulation, such as the revision of the Bill for Eradicating Corruption which weakens anti-corruption institutions, Corruption Eradication Commission, to the creation of Omnibus Law, which is considered to make labors structurally marginalized. The investigation discovered that those legal products are distorted and should be originally created to achieve the benefit and interest of society at large. In contrast, they are falsified and manipulated under the banner of ‘consensus’ democracy steered by the limited elite-oligarchy of the Political Parties.

The Socio-Historical Background of 1 Peter in Relation to Αἰσχροκερδῶς and Κατακυριεύω form of Leadership in the Graeco-Roman Context

The Graeco-Roman world has an indelible mark in shaping and influencing the background of the New Testament. The style of leadership in the context was more in the form of αἰ σχροκερδῶς ‘greedy’ and κατακυριεύω‘tyranny or lording over’ (1 Peter 5:2-3) motives both from its political and religious perspectives. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate how such a background of the Graeco-Roman world shape and contributes to the writing of the epistle of 1 Peter, exclusively on the aspect of leadership in the church and Christian community. The study used the socio-historical method to show the condition and struggle of the early Christian amid greedy and tranny leaders in the Graeco-Roman context. The study, therefore, seeks to supply theologians as well as church leaders or Pastors with a better understanding of leadership from a socio-historical background of the Graeco-Roman world and how that can help in reading and handling issues of leadership in the New Testament, especially the epistle of 1 Peter.

What is the Socio-Historical Method in the Study of Religion?

The purpose of this article is to answer what the socio-historical method is when applied to the study of religion, as well as detail how numerous disciplines (e.g. archaeology, anthropology, sociology, psychology, philosophy, theology, musicology, dramatology, etc.) contribute to its overall employment. In the broadest (and briefest) definition possible, a socio-historical study of religion coalesces the aims, philosophies, and methodologies of historiography with those of the social and cultural sciences, meaning it analyzes the interpretation and practice of religion through the lens of social/historical contexts, scientific discovery, and from within each faith tradition. The result is that the contexts surrounding a particular religion becomes the primary subject of study in order to better understand the origin, development, and expression of the religion itself. This article explains that the socio-historical study of religion is, in essence, an eclectic methodology that focuses on describing and analyzing the contexts from which the interpretation and practice of religion occurs. The goal is to examine how different aspects of a religion function in the broader socio-political and cultural milieu. Its most fundamental postulation is that the social history of a religious community affects how it interprets and practices their faith. By approaching religious inquiry from a socio-historical perspective, researchers are better able to recognize religion as a cultural and institutional element in ongoing social and historical interaction. Three sections will help to explain the socio-historical method: 1) a definitional dissection of the term “socio-historical”; 2) an elaboration of the principles inherent to the methodology; and 3) a case study example of the socio-historical method in practice.

Salvation in Acts 16:16-40: A socio-historical exploration of the Graeco-Roman understanding

This article demonstrates the value of understanding the socio-historical background of a specific text in the task of interpretation and the search for meaning. This is done here by utilising the socio-historical method in the search for meaning and understanding of the concept of salvation in the narrative about the slave girl in Acts 16. Substantial integration of the understanding of words and concepts at the time of writing the text and the cultural and social background is relevant and leads to an in-depth understanding of the Biblical text and is therefore essential for thorough New Testament studies. Through the socio-historical method, the article explores the Graeco-Roman understanding of salvation as a necessary precursor to arrive at the meaning of salvation in Acts 16. Theos upsistos [Most High God] and the Lukan usage of πνeῦμα Πύθωνα [python spirit] are explored in the light of their Graeco-Roman allusion in relation to the girl who was a slave in the narrative of Acts 16. The article argues that Luke’s point in the narrative is to expose, engage, challenge and counter the long-held assumptions about what is the meaning of salvation and how to obtain it. The article contributes an exemplification of the use of the socio-historical method towards the broader and in-depth understanding and credible meaning-making of the Acts 16 text. The article challenges assumptions about the point of the text in the narrative of Acts 16 and opens up possibilities for further interpretation that could be found meaningful to modern-day interpreters of the text.

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL INFLUENCES ON FASHION IN 1930S

In the early twentieth century, the world witnessed important political, economic and social transformations and changes that had the greatest impact on the process of development of societies and defining their female characteristics and their distinctive features. The decade of the thirties was one of the most important historical periods in that period due to the characteristics and features it witnessed in political and social changes such as the collapse of the global stock exchange in The year 1929 led to the great global economic depression, which led to a period of austerity with the cessation of industrial business - commercial agriculture and the cessation of the movement of sale and purchase, unemployment, hunger and standing hours to get a loaf of bread, and the socio-historical method of studying art proved that there is a close connection between The political, economic and social conditions prevailing in a society.

Cross-Cultural Ties between Ghana and Egypt: The Agency of the Egyptian Community in Accra, Ghana

Ghana is recognized as an important destination of international migrants. In spite of the socio-economic and political upheavals that the country experienced during the early post-independence era leading to the (forced) return of several of its migrant groups, some have still remained and formed permanent communities and integrated into the Ghanaian society. This paper focuses on the Egyptian diaspora in Ghana. It examines: (1) the type of cross-border and transnational ties that Egyptian migrants in Ghana have established between Ghana and Egypt; (2) how these ties generate cross-cultural relations between Ghana and Egypt; and (3) the extent to which these ties provide a privileged economic and political position to the Egyptian community in Ghana. The work is based on the socio-cultural transnationalism theory. A socio-historical method was adopted for the research and apart from the analysis of historical data, eight key informants were interviewed. The paper shows that due to high-profile intermarriages between Ghanaians and Egyptians, coupled with the Nkrumah factor, the Egyptian community in Ghana occupies a privileged economic and political position in Ghana.

Salvation in Acts 16: Meaning and missional implication derived from the sociohistorical method

In Acts 16:17, a slave girl proclaims: ‘these men are the servants of the Most High God who have come to show a way of salvation!’ The Philippian jailer in Acts 16:30 asks, ‘What must I do to be saved?’ What do they have in common regarding their understanding of the meaning of salvation? How is it similar or different from the understanding of salvation in Africa? Are these in line with the salvation narrative aim of Luke in Acts 16? Through the sociohistorical method, this paper explores the Greco-Roman context of the slave girl and the jailer. In this process, a contextual similarity between the Greco-Roman context and the African context is identified and the impact of these contexts on the understanding of the meaning of salvation is examined. Placed in conversation with the Lukan meaning of salvation in the passage, an alternative meaning of salvation emerges, along with implications for the Greco-Roman and African contexts.Intradisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary implications: This article shows interdisciplinarity by an engagement with a theological concept through the utilisation of the sociohistorical method in generating meaning and understanding of a New Testament text. It navigates the disciplines of New Testament, Biblical Studies, Mission and Apologetics.

Indigenous African Women’s Contribution to Christianity in NE Zambia – Case Study: Helen Nyirenda Kaunda

This article explores the contribution of indigenous African women to the growth of Christianity in North Eastern Zambia. Using a socio-historical method, the article shows that the Presbyterian Free Church of Scotland in North Eastern Zambia evangelized mainly through literacy training and preaching. The active involvement of indigenous ministers and teacher-evangelists was indispensable in this process. The article argues that omission of the contribution of indigenous African women who were teacher-evangelists in the standard literature relating to the work of the Presbyterian Free Church of Scotland in North Eastern Zambia exposes a patriarchal bias in mission historiography. In an effort to redress this omission, the article explores and evaluates the contribution and experience of an indigenous African woman, Helen Nyirenda Kaunda. Based on relevant research the article concludes that indigenous African women were among the pioneers of mission work in North Eastern Zambia.

Islamic Jurisprudence and Unity of Nigeria: A Socio-Historical Reconsideration

Nigeria’s journey into nationhood has been steely as it has encountered several horrendous setbacks. The journey started with the amalgamation of 1914. Since then, the uniting groups have engaged themselves in competition for dominance, instead of dialoguing for true unity/union which is necessary for nation building. This has resulted in internecine wars, conflict and crises, in several reins of the country’s life. However with more than one hundred years of this marriage, it is therefore necessary to recast our journey. In recasting this history, we shall call to mind that: 1) The Nigeria foremost nationalists dreamt and laboured to make this country a great nation; 2) it is in the quest for this unity that the civil war of 1967-70 was fought; 3) Nigeria is founded on secularity/secular state ideality. Therefore, it is now time to redefine the basis for this unity, noting that great nations have heterogeneous formations, suggesting that our heterogeneity is not truly a weakness to our nation building goal. Therefore, to hide under the ambit of religion or ethnic myopism to scuttle the labours of our heroes past can never stand the test of quality logic. Hence the introduction and implementations of Sharia as alternative legal code in Nigeria are major steps towards disintegration. This work in adopting socio-historical method of investigation, affirms that the secular state of Nigeria and its maintenance must be given supreme consideration in Nigerian agenda, if she must attain her desired nationhood.

Pita Maha Social-Institutional Capital (A Social Practice on Balinese Painters in 1930s)

Research Topic: Pita Maha Social-Institutional Capital (A Social Practice on Balinese Painters in 1930s) aims at describing creative waves of Balinese village youth in designing new paintings. The artwork is considered to be the latest development of classical paintings of Kamasan puppet. The pattern of development is not just on artistic technique, but also on aesthetic paradigm. Yet, the invention and development of painting concept, which were previously adopted from stylistic pattern of puppet Kamasan has successfully disseminated paintings as a medium of personal expression. The artist and patron consolidated art practice in the art function, which was well ordered and professional. Agents including palaces, Balinese and foreign painters as well as collectors and dealers were united in arts social movement, named Pita Maha. Despite the fact that Pita Maha also encompassed the sculpture, this research focuses more on the path of paintings. Socio-historical method is applied to explore the characteristics and models of social capital-institutional ideology that brought forth and commercialized paintings on Pita Maha generation. This topic is also an important part of the writer’s dissertation entitled Pita Maha: Social Movement on Balinese Paintings in 1930s. The discussion on socialinstitutional capital enables expansion and exploration of a more complete socio-historical construction on Pita Maha existence. The study on social capital aspects, which embodies the initiation of Pita Maha, has constructed a tremendous growth of Balinese paintings, both in terms of aesthetic “ideology”, and institutional competence of the painters.

Fluid leadership in dynamic contexts

Purpose– The purpose of this study is to examine an historical account of an effective leader who was able to draw from multiple styles of leadership, and choose a dominant style based upon contextual constraints and demands context, and subordinate behaviors associated with leadership styles not suited to the context.Design/methodology/approach– To identify his prominent style at each leadership episode, we critically analyzed Nehemiah’s leadership role transitions across 13 chapters of text using sociohistorical method and a quasi-repeated treatment design via qualitative comparative analysis.Findings– We found that Nehemiah adapted his behaviors such that his prominently displayed leadership style varied based on dynamic configurations of demands placed on him during his rebuilding efforts. As Nehemiah progressed through distinct stages of his mission, he differentially emphasized tactics associated with different styles of leadership in response to the contextual demands that were most salient during each stage.Practical implications– Organizational leaders are presented with evidence that developing a broad repertoire of leadership behaviors is essential to guiding followers within dynamic environments.Originality/value– This paper uses a novel historical source material to investigate contemporary leadership concepts grounded in established theoretical frameworks. Using this material, we demonstrate the applicability of various leadership styles within different contexts, and use Nehemiah as an illustration of an effective leader capable of fluidly enacting multiple leadership styles.

Professorial implications in curricula transformations in the field of health: a socio-historical analisys

We present here a reflection about the participation of professors in the changes in the curriculum in Medicine and Nursing schools of a certain university. with the objective to understand how is the institucionalization of those curricula as collective projects. We sellected professors who participated on those implementations, and then, by using the socio-historical method, the institutional analysis, letting the health professionals' formation institute to speak out. The main discussion is that the teaching praxis is constructed based on a dialectical relationship between the stated, the stating and the institutionalization moments. As a conclusion, there are recent processes of adressed curricula reviews which are innovative, because they propose pedagogical options that are aimed to a better integration between theory and practice. However, to amplify our collective process of compentencies, abilities and subjective production towards the formation of future health professionals, it is important to consider the crossings that merge into the teaching activity in the health field.