Socio-cultural Crisis Research Articles

Философско-антропологическая проблематика в работе М. Хоркхаймера и Т. Адорно «Диалектика Просвещения»

The article is devoted to the analysis of the work of the Frankfurt school theorists M. Horkheimer and T. Adorno “Dialectics of Enlightenment. Philosophical fragments” from a philosophical and anthropological perspective. These thinkers became famous primarily as representatives of sociological knowledge. The study showed that their heritage also raises philosophical and anthropological issues. The work shows that in “Dialectics of Enlightenment” the authors offer an original concept of the history of European culture, presented from the perspective of the evolution of being and consciousness of the individual. Thinkers are convinced that the entire history of European culture appears as a distinction between man and nature, the removal of the natural from the consciousness of the individual. Modern culture is considered by M. Horkheimer and T. Adorno as the apogee of this sociocultural crisis, after which, according to them, “non-existence” comes. Based on the presented assessment of theorists of the Frankfurt School, a conclusion is made about the validity of understanding the current crisis of European culture (crisis of the 20th century) as a sociocultural transformation, marking the entrance to a new stage in the dynamics of the countries of this region.

Masochist and Sadist Individuals at the Socio-Cultural Crisis in The Banshees of Inisherin

Masochist and Sadist Individuals at the Socio-Cultural Crisis in The Banshees of Inisherin

Transformations of the family institution: from the pre-modern to the metamodern

The relevance of the stated topic is due to the modern socio-cultural situation. On the one hand, the family is the most important social institution, the state of which determines the well-being of society. On the other hand, the modern family is experiencing a crisis, which finds its expression in a decrease in fertility rates, a narrowing of family functions, a growing number of divorces, etc. The purpose of the work is to study the relationship of the family as a mechanism for ensuring the translation and reproduction of culture with the processes taking place in society. The problems of the family are considered in the context of modernization processes in the world – in the context of the transition from a traditional society to a modern one, from a pre-modern culture to a meta-modern one. The theoretical basis of the research is the works of Russian and Western authors exploring the problems of the family in a historical context. The interdisciplinary nature of the work determines the combination of socio-philosophical and cultural approaches to the problem of dynamics and possible prospects of the institution of the family. The paper examines the causes of family transformation, the consequences of the family crisis for the development of society and civilization, as well as possible options for the future of the family in connection with the changes taking place in the culture of the early 21st century. The author concludes that the fetishization of personal freedom and the spread of values of self-expression in postmodern culture contradicts the values of self-preservation of society as an integral, unique education. However, the crisis processes in the 21st century undermine the sense of existential security that was inherent in the postmodern era and caused the decline of traditional norms. In the culture of metamodernism, there is a turn towards transcendence and spirituality, which can become a turn towards traditional cultural values, including the family. And this, according to the author, is the positive significance of the modern socio-cultural crisis.

Photographic narrative as a factor in overcoming witness trauma

The research aims to explore the multifunctional potential of photography in overcoming the traumatic experience of witnessing violence and brutality. The paper presents how photography can be used in rehabilitation practices for those who have lived through war. It outlines the tendencies of the modern digital information environment (cross-media, interactivity) that enhance the "restorative" functions of photography in overcoming psycho-emotional and socio-cultural crisis reactions.
 It has been found that photography’s narrative nature can enhance the viewer’s experience of interacting with their emotions and memories, while also providing a therapeutic effect by mitigating the pain of reflecting on cruelty. The article uses examples of war-related content to demonstrate how storytelling technology can provide a variety of tools for audience participation in the development of collective restorative experiences, particularly through photographic flash mobs.
 The structural-functional method was used to work with factual material and identify the role of war photography in the discourse of trauma/post-trauma, clarifying its therapeutic potential. It is well-established that photographs can serve as a means of recording and providing evidence of a crime, facilitating the expression of collective identity and social cohesion. Similarly, the sharing of unprofessional, user-generated visual content on social media can be seen as a form of testimony that elicits strong public reactions. Photography plays a key role in helping people to go through the grieving process by perpetuating and honouring the dead, constructing ‘places of memory’ and ‘portraits of grief’.
 The study aims to determine the role of photography in shaping the visual environment, in which the act of ‘seeing’ constructs a system of restorative practices to overcome the negative psycho-emotional consequences of traumatic events provoked by war.

Development of social competence of specialists of helping professions to carry out comprehensive prevention of suicidal behavior of adolescents

Introduction. The relevance of the research problem is due to the increase in maladaptive forms of adolescents' response to various kinds of crisis situations. The importance of preventing teenage suicides has increased dramatically in the context of the socio-cultural crisis of recent decades. Despite the fact that various sciences are developing and putting into practice more and more new methods and technologies for suicide prevention, alarming trends do not disappear. A real problem of training specialists of helping professions to organize complex, specifically filled activities for diagnostic, preventive, advisory, correctional and developmental work with adolescents is being formed. The purpose of this article is to consider the possibilities of supporting the activities of specialists in helping professions to work with adolescents in the prevention of suicidal behavior. Materials and methods. The study involved 133 students and 20 teachers of general education organizations (schools of the Krasnodar Territory, Russian Federation). To carry out diagnostics on the research topic, we used theoretical and empirical methods (in particular, analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature on the research problem, testing, conversation, the method of expert assessments, the method of content analysis), as well as methods of mathematical statistics. In the course of the study, we examined the manifestations of individual characteristics of self-esteem in children, the perception of loneliness, value orientations, and features of the emotional-volitional sphere. Also, within the framework of the study, we determined the content characteristics of the construction of a comprehensive work of specialists of accompanying professions with adolescents of the "risk group". The results of the study. As a result of the diagnosis of students in grades 8-9 (133 people), a "risk group" of 14 people was identified. To confirm the criteria for inclusion of adolescents in the group of suicidal risk – anxiety, frustration, a set of diagnostic techniques was used. It was determined that 43 subjects had an average or low level of anxiety, 90 respondents (67.66%) showed an increased level of anxiety. 57.14% of respondents revealed low self-esteem, while adolescents with adequate self-esteem accounted for only 34.58%. Teenagers who were assigned to the "risk group" demonstrated a fairly high level of loneliness: 7 of 14. The results of the study allowed us to identify areas in the prevention of suicidal activity of adolescent schoolchildren, for which it is necessary to prepare specialists of accompanying professions working in an educational organization. Conclusion. Based on the data of the conducted research, it is possible to note the multifactorial etiology of suicidal manifestations, which implies the need for a comprehensive psychological and pedagogical impact on all components of this phenomenon. The age peculiarity of a teenager determines the features of his suicidal behavior, which determine the specificity and uniqueness of prevention. Preventive work on suicide prevention should be built as an integral system that includes all levels of prevention, as well as a set of measures aimed at preventing repeated attempts. At the same time, the preventive activity of suicidal behavior should integrate several areas, such as: work with family, teachers, and adolescents themselves.

The Philosophy of Medicine: On the Ethical Discussion about the Life and the Death

The purpose of the article is to highlight the key philosophical cases in the medical and ethical debate on life and death - ontological, axiological and anthropological. For the philosophy of medicine, the concepts of life and health are fundamental dimensions, as they combine elements of nature and human existence. The aim of the article is to differentiate the existential, value and human contexts of philosophy in the medical space. The methodology used in the study is focused mainly on the analytical cluster of general scientific knowledge. The analysis of the literature on the problem of life and death in medical and ethical discourse allowed us to separately group the medical, philosophical and scientific and worldview clusters of this problem. Through generalising and comparative analysis, an attempt is made to unify the problem of life and death in the context of a single philosophical and scientific paradigm. To achieve these objectives, it is advisable to use the principles of interdisciplinarity, which help to bring to a common understanding the various ideas and views on the ethical component of the dichotomy of life and death in medicine. The results of the study indicate that the human-dimensional philosophical component dominates the ontological and axiological components in the modern worldview of human existence. This is the result of the policy of anthropocentrism in its global manifestation and the consequence of the use of a pragmatic approach in the system of human sciences. However, the COVID-19 pandemic, a minor factor by civilisational standards, has managed (albeit for a short period) to reorient the philosophical issues of life and death to existential dimensions. A promising area of research is modelling the situation of a socio-cultural crisis of a global scale in the healthcare system and the readiness of society to re-position the problem of life and death. Thus, the philosophy of medicine clearly structures the problem of life and death in three fundamental cases: ontological, axiological and anthropological, which change their priority in the scientific and philosophical discourse depending on the socio-cultural trends in the development of society and civilisation.

Identity and Socio-cultural Crisis in Industrial Cities: A Study on Workers in Jakarta and Makassar, Indonesia

When it relates to national identity, the issue of identity becomes relevant in the era of globalization. Considering the distance between local, national, and global identities and the variables involved is crucial. This research aims to find the construction of national identity within globalization exposure, socio-cultural changes, and formulation of Excel identity. This research took place in Jakarta and Makasar. This research used grounded theory as its approach. The data are collected using observation, interview, and Focus Group Discussion with snowball sampling. The research results show that the construction of national identity is blended in which national identity is mixed with local and global ones. Also, socio-cultural change influences the construction of identity. Forming a superior identity is equally vital to one’s international, national, and regional identity.

Symptoms of Normality: Boundaries, Identity, And Symbolisation

A significant part of psychic suffering is connected to the contemporary sociocultural crisis. The impressive transformations that have taken place in recent decades have led to a different and more complex organisation of needs and of the social and emotional life. On the psychic level, a diminished capacity for symbolic representation and a profound disorientation in processes of subjectivation have been observed. Couple crises frequently reveal the fragility of the link in its constituent aspects where individuals appear to have difficulty in forming intersubjective contracts. The function of the couple psychotherapist becomes essential in rooting the relationship within a more meaningful and profound psychic dimension.

Music Creation and the Contention for Cultural and Physical Space of Wukari Local Government Area of the Southern Senatorial Zone of Taraba State Nigeria

The Pre and Post Covid-19 advocacy for greening and safeguarding the integrity of the living planet has found a creative expression in the traditional music of the Jukun. For many decades the indigenous Jukun communities of the Wukari Local Government Area of the Southern region of Taraba State, Nigeria has received a countless number of threat and contention for their cultural and physical space. Even though there are literature on the history of the Jukun and its socio-cultural crisis, there is little or no tangible literature on music engagement in this regard. This study employed the qualitative research method through an ethnographic survey of the deployment of music and its various creative medium in instigating and motivating communal involvement of the people in contending for their cultural and physical space. Textual analysis of the selected song samples is carried out to achieve the aforementioned. Through interviews, observations and literature review, relevant data for the study were gathered, analyzed and presented accordingly.

Szkoła jako przestrzeń budowania relacji wspólnotowych

The article deals with the issue of rebuilding community relations among young people weakened by the necessary isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the socio-cultural crisis. The importance of the notion of community was analyzed, and then the latest polls and studies on remote education were presented, which deepened the feeling of isolation of both pupils and students. Assuming that education after the pandemic should change, reference was made to Hans-Georg Gadamer’s concept of education. In connection with it, considerations are focused on such notions as hermeneutics, understanding, dialogue, horizon of understanding, hermeneutic circle, sensus communis . In Gadamer’s educational vision, it is essential to believe that meeting the other is the moment when the understanding process begins. The study emphasizes the importance of conversation, as a person is immersed in language, creates relationships with others, and gets to know the world through language. Possible answers to the question of to what extent the hermeneutic concept can create a bridge between youth and school upbringing and education were also considered. Moreover, the article describes the conditions that are necessary for school education to teach questions, not ready-made answers, so that the “virtues” of community can develop.

Postsecular Conflicts and Reconstruction of Nationalisms in the States of the Balto-Black Sea-Adriatic Triangle

The article focuses on the main trends in the development of state-religion relations in the era of post-postmodernism as represented at the International Conference “Balkan and Baltic States in United Europe – History, Religion, and Culture IV: Religiosity and Spirituality in the Baltic and Balkan Cultural Space: History and Nowadays” (November 11–13, 2020). The article aims to define and analyse postsecular conflicts that are manifested in the construction of new nationalisms in the countries of the Baltic – Black Sea – Adriatic Triangle. The main problem is the ascertainment of the primary trend in transforming religion-state relations in the transitionto post-postmodernity. The research methodology is the differentiation and systematisation of conflicts as markers that characterise the sociocultural crisis that erupted in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The concept of conflict is understood as a discrepancy, contradiction, and clash of positions that not only form new foundations of sociocultural and political discourse about the norm of religion-state relations but also influence the establishment of new trends in the formation of the legal basis for the statuses of religious organisations. As an empirical basis for the research, some countries’ regulatory legal acts in the region under study are used, along with data and maps of well-known research centres.

Cultural Tension and Artistic Mediation in Uwemedimo Atakpo’s Return to the Sun-god.

This paper examines cultural tension as pervasive thematic thrust in Uwemedimo Atakpo’s Return to the Sun-god and also extrapolates the playwright’s creative tool for conciliation of the socio-cultural crisis that pervades the sphere of this enactment. The paper notes that religious and other socio-political upheaval are inevitable in almost every society that witnesses cross-cultural influences. This usually arises when there is a deliberate intention to downplay an extant culture of a particular community in preference for the cultural values of a predatory power, thereby causing fundamental modifications of natural condition that lends a valid identity to a particular community. This development, most times, impinges on the socio-political and religious wellbeing of the people whose culture is being suppressed. It is against this backdrop that this paper examines some threads of cultural tension in the play under examination. Through the analysis of the text, this paper does not only isolate instances of cultural tension in the text, but also explores some possible avenues through which the playwright diffuses the unwarranted consequences of the inter-cultural contact. The paper concludes that change and other social eruptions are natural imperatives of man and should not be viewed as destructive but should rather be harnessed towards meeting the myriad challenges of life. Keywords: Culture, Tension, Playwright, Change, Mediation.

Rational type of culture in the era of digitalization. On the question of the culture typology in Max Weber’s concept

The article analyzes the problem of ideal types of culture proposed by Max Weber. The phenomenon of the rational type of culture in the era of digitalization is analyzed. The historical and methodological relevance of Weber's concept of "ideal type" and his idea of the rational foundations of musical art are substantiated. The phenomenon of the digital society and the penetration of digital technologies into the sphere of culture, influencing the formation of a new cultural experience and changing behavioral and cultural preferences are considered. The article highlights the specific features of digital culture, associated with a change in such social parameters as a new perception of time, emergence of other communication forms, emergence of a certain style of people's behavior, and a change in the forms of employment of the population. The question of technical progress and its positive and negative aspects is considered, the manifestations of the socio-cultural crisis and its role in changing cultural norms in society are revealed, the role of rationality ideas in these processes is examined.

Analysis of the Water Management System in a Mountain Territory, the Case of the Nekor Watershed, Rif, Morocco

Integrated management has become an essential approach for sustainable water resource management. However, if the concept seems relevant, its concrete application at the local scale has yet to be undertaken, with all the difficulties related to the complexity underlying the issue. The Rif is characterized by the multiplication and interdependence of uses, the overlapping responsibilities between public and private actors, the superposition of sectoral regulations, which raises the following question: Is the current management of water resources in the Rif mountains suitable for a future constraining on several aspects: socio-economic and climatic? The general objective of this work is to analyze the current management of water resources scientifically, politically, institutionally and legally, to identify the innovations needed for sustainable management and adaptation to climate change in the Rif Mountains. The systemic approach allowed us to highlight and prioritize the structuring elements of water management in the Nekor basin and their interactions. The crossing of hydrological data with socio-economic data allowed us to have a global and multidisciplinary vision of both uses and water resources, and of all the components of the system’s environment, the interdependencies influence the management system, despite the complexity accentuated by the lack of data. Indeed, it was difficult to identify the influence of each component. The current degradation of resources is only a reflection of a socio-cultural crisis that can only be remedied by a change in mentality, economic development, social equity and more solidarity between the city and rural communities.

За пределами социального государства: от благосостояния к минимализму базового дохода

The article considers the phenomenon of the welfare state in the conditions of the next stage of the socio-cultural crisis. Having considered the basic provisions of this model, the reasons for the failure of welfare democracy, as well as possi­ble ways to overcome the crisis, the authors analyze the experience of charity in history, the practice of gratuitous assistance and discuss the justification for introducing the concept of an unconditional basic income as a guarantor of stabi­lizing social discordance, overcoming the social crisis, including the labor crisis. The authors base their reasoning on the concepts of Z. Bauman, U. Beck, A. Gortz, K. Polanyi and other thinkers of the turn of the 20th–21st centuries, as well as on the developments of social philosophers of the first decades of the 21st century, who discussed issues of social dependence and moral degrada­tion resulting from uncontrolled social assistance. The authors of the article ad­dress the questions whether this idea is new, whether it returns to the practices of paternalism that did not meet expectations, whether the introduction of a basic income will become a substitute for the policy of the welfare state, an imper­sonal system of payments, are the proposed solutions capable of providing the foundations for a new way of life in a society that has lost labor as a system that determined the basic postulates of life. Answering the question, what did the basic income actually turn out to be, the authors of the article come to the conclusion that the introduction of an unconditional basic income is a consistent and veiled rejection of the model of a social democratic state with its social protection programs, which for many decades has been quite justifiably con­sidered an achievement of mankind.

"Friend / Foe" - intergenerational relationships between Russian historians of the first quarter of the XX century.

The article is devoted to the analysis of intergenerational relations of historians of the late XIX early XX century and young historians, students of the Institute of Red Professors. On the example of the text of the review by A.A. Kizevetter for a collection of works by young historians edited by M.N. Pokrovsky highlighted the key problems through which the conflict of generations of historians is revealed within the scientific community of the first quarter of the twentieth century. The first problem is that A.A. Kiesewetter, like other historians of the older generation, assessed the young generation of historians through the prism of a personal attitude towards M.N. Pokrovsky, hence the negative attitude towards the works of historians. The second problem is the disagreement with young researchers in assessing the activities of historians of the senior school. The third is the inaccuracy in the interpretation of historical sources and, most importantly, the categorical nature of young historians. According to A.A. Kiesewetter, young researchers lacked the critical thinking necessary when working with historical material. Pre-revolutionary historiography was rejected as obsolete. The situation of the socio-cultural crisis and the revolution of 1917 created the basis for the formation of a generational conflict. The pre-revolutionary system of evolutionary development and conflict-free transfer of experience was destroyed, and as a result, dialogue between generations did not work out. Each of the generations tried to prove its own significance in scientific activity.

Human Responses and Adaptation in a Changing Climate: A Framework Integrating Biological, Psychological, and Behavioural Aspects.

Climate change is one of the biggest challenges of our times. Its impact on human populations is not yet completely understood. Many studies have focused on single aspects with contradictory observations. However, climate change is a complex phenomenon that cannot be adequately addressed from a single discipline’s perspective. Hence, we propose a comprehensive conceptual framework on the relationships between climate change and human responses. This framework includes biological, psychological, and behavioural aspects and provides a multidisciplinary overview and critical information for focused interventions. The role of tipping points and regime shifts is explored, and a historical perspective is presented to describe the relationship between climate evolution and socio-cultural crisis. Vulnerability, resilience, and adaptation are analysed from an individual and a community point of view. Finally, emergent behaviours and mass effect phenomena are examined that account for mental maladjustment and conflicts.

Manipulative Influences as Manifestations of the Modern Socio-Cultural Crisis

This review analyzes the research of a British journalist, writer, and TV producer Peter Pomerantsev “This Is Not Propaganda. Adventures in the War Against Reality”. This work was published in Ukrainian in 2020 and reveals the industry of mind manipulation and disinformation tools in the modern world. The author, who is one of the most well-known researchers of post-truth and the latest technologies of information influence, draws attention to the fact that modern man lives in a reality distorted by information-psychological attacks, fake news, targeted advertising, surrounded by a huge amount of information that does not provide any significant benefits. But what it does is misinforms and misleads and eventually exacerbates a deep cultural crisis. Social media and information technology lead covert information campaigns that can destabilize the economy of any country or wreak chaos by interfering in political processes, both in democratic and authoritarian regimes. The modern world has filled reality with information chaos, in which the value of truth and facts disappears, moreover, the researcher notes that there is a fundamental difference between the concept of propaganda in the post-truth era. After all, the purpose of classical propaganda at all times was to convince people of something, to force them to act in a certain way, or to intensify certain activities. In modern reality, propaganda does not work to persuade, but simply to undermine trust, increase passive moods, apathy, anxiety, and sow despair among people. The book is filled with factual material and interesting examples, it increases the interest and the fact that by analyzing the current reality, the author reveals the memoirs of his family, thus making a comparative analysis of the past twentieth century and builds his vision of the future.

Overcoming the Modern Socio-Cultural Crisis – from Postmodern to Post-Postmodern: Theoretical Aspects

The purpose of the article is to consider the negative aspects of postmodernism and study how post-post modernity can help humanity overcome the modern socio-cultural crisis. In their research, the authors used various scientific methods of cognition, such as analysis and synthesis, in particular meta-analysis and meta-synthesis, generalization, and induction.
 The authors analyze the stages of development of civilization from the point of view of social progress, highlight their main characteristics and typological differences. The considered key points characteristic of postmodern, such as pluralism, negativism, relativism, denial of binarity in thinking, the extreme degree of nihilism, etc., lead to the understanding that the crisis that arose in the political, economic, socio-cultural life of society, at the turn of 20 21 centuries, inherent in the very nature of postmodern. The values ​​and perception of the postmodern are less and less consistent with the present time, and in its depths, a new worldview begins to crystallize, conventionally called post-postmodern, as a response to overcoming the current socio-cultural crisis. Post-postmodern, postmodern, like modern before them and similar phenomena are links of one chain, interconnected with each other and logically following from the processes of previous eras. The main components of the post-postmodern, which are formed from the problems of the postmodern, are highlighted and characterized.
 As a result, the study showed that the currently being formed new worldview - post-postmodernity came close to the search for a new spirituality for the all-round development of a person and turning him into a socially mature being, as well as for resolving the internal contradictions of the postmodern worldview.

РЕТРОСПЕКТИВНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРИОБЩЕНИЯ ОСУЖДЕННЫХ К ЦЕННОСТЯМ ИСКУССТВА

The problem of socialization of the individual in the contradictory conditions of the country is one of the most urgent for modern Russia. The socio-cultural crisis has affected all the main spheres of our existence, led to the loss of many values, and affected the spiritual and moral sphere. In these conditions, it is important to know which deep regulators, that is, the motives of human actions – goals, traditions, emotions, needs and values drive the behavior of the individual. It seems to us that the active introduction of convicts to various types of art in the correctional and educational process will help to form positive value orientations of offenders, will contribute to their more successful moral correction. Meanwhile, the analysis of penitentiary practice reveals contradictions between the spiritual and moral potential of art and its lack of demand in the correctional process of penitentiary institutions, the presence of rich experience in moral and aesthetic education of the individual and the lack of technology for its implementation in places of deprivation of liberty, the insufficiency of modern professional training of specialists for the penal system. Therefore, problems related to the study, identification, description and understanding of general and specific ways, adequate methodological techniques that contribute to the formation of moral value orientations of convicts by means of art are relevant for science and practice. Works of art are not mechanically transformed into human actions, but undergo rethinking and selection in his moral experience, filling it with socially valuable content, contribute to the versatile development of personality, develop an aesthetic attitude to reality. A retrospective analysis of the introduction of convicts to the values of art will contribute to search new ways to correct the personality based on the principles of humanism and democracy.