Social Welfare Status Research Articles

Inequality and social welfare status of paddy rice processors in Nigeria’s Jigawa State

Inequality and social welfare status of paddy rice processors in Nigeria’s Jigawa State

Prioritization the Factors Affecting the future of Employment and Social Welfare in Iran

Introduction: One of the basic goals of development is to achieve universal social welfare and the existence of social welfare in any society is considered as one of the most important characteristics of the development of that society and the reproducer of its development. Laying the groundwork for creating a suitable business and employment environment in any country is one of the important factors in creating economic growth and prosperity and ultimately increasing the economic and social welfare of the people. Therefore, considering the important role that employment can play in realizing the concept of social welfare, in the present study, attempts have been made to identify and rank the key factors and components affecting the employment and social welfare status in Iran. Methods: In this study, in order to identify and accurately define the components affecting employment and welfare, the documentary method and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the experts and specialists of the field of employment and welfare working in the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare. Hierarchy factorization (AHP) and Expert Choice software have been used. Findings: The results show that the investment sub-criterion with a relative weight of 0.115 has the highest priority, and then the sub-criteria respectively are policy-making, banking system, production, and business environment, laws. Then regulations, tax system, international relations, economic indicators, payment system, insurance and social security, justice and equality, manpower, domestic technologies, culture, foreign technologies, and education system were also the sub-criteria identified in the study. Discussion: The most important and key factor that can affect the employment and welfare in the country is the concept of investment. In economic theories, investment is known as the engine of economic growth, and is necessary for economic and social development, and it is one of the most important pillars in the growth and development of production units and enterprises.

Subjective Well-Being Amongst Older Women from Migrant and Non-Migrant Households in Rural Java, Indonesia

This study explored how older women living in rural Java in Yogyakarta, Indonesia construct their subjective well-being. This study identified access, control, and physical and social resources available for older adults in their daily life and, afterward, juxtaposes these factors with the socioeconomicstatus and culture of rural societies in Java that support elderly resilience. This study assumed there are both differences and similarities in control of those resources leading to the subjective well-being in rural Java. This research utilized subjective well-being theory to examine how older women from varied family backgrounds adapt to the challenges of older age. Two types of households were selected: older persons with migrating children and older persons with non-migrating children. This study used qualitative methods through participatory observations and in-depth interviews. In the end, this research revealed that subjective well-being is influenced heavily by family relations. This study showed the limit and the lack of government measurement of well-being from an isolated individual economic and social welfare status. It was argued that subjective well-being requires the active involvement of society and self-responsibility to keep older adults healthy and resilient in older ages, both at the individual and community level.

Machine Learning Application for Classification Prediction of Household’s Welfare Status

Various approaches have been attempted by the Government of Indonesia to eradicate poverty throughout the country, one of which is equitable distribution of social assistance for target households according to their classification of social welfare status. This research aims to re-evaluate the prior evaluation of five well-known machine learning techniques; Naïve Bayes, Random Forest, Support Vector Machines, K-Nearest Neighbor, and C4.5 Algorithm; on how well they predict the classifications of social welfare statuses. Afterwards, the best-performing one is implemented into an executable machine learning application that may predict the user’s social welfare status. Other objectives are to analyze the reliability of the chosen algorithm in predicting new data set, and generate a simple classification-prediction application. This research uses Python Programming Language, Scikit-Learn Library, Jupyter Notebook, and PyInstaller to perform all the methodology processes. The results shows that Random Forest Algorithm is the best machine learning technique for predicting household’s social welfare status with classification accuracy of 74.20% and the resulted application based on it could correctly predict 60.00% of user’s social welfare status out of 40 entries.

Factors related to pediatric unintentional burns: The comparison of logistic regression and data mining algorithms

Background: Burn injuries are one of the traumas seen in all parts of the world and children are usually one of the vulnerable groups. The aim of this study was to determine the factors related to unintentional burns in children, using data mining algorithms. Methods: In this hospital-based case-control study conducted in Kermanshah province, Iran, data were collected over a period of 15 months. Children under the age of 15 years old who were referred to the burn ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital, the only burn referral in Kermanshah province, were included as cases. For the control group, children who were admitted to Dr. Mohammad Kermanshahi Hospital, the only specialist and subspecialist pediatric center in this province, were included. Frequency matching was performed for age and sex. Support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network (ANN), random forest (RF), and logistic regression (LR) were employed to determine the factors related to burns in children. Results: The mean age of children with burn injuries was 4.29 ± 3.51 years and 58% of them were boys. The ANN algorithm had better performance than other algorithms. Body mass index (BMI), socioeconomic status, hours without a watchful, mother’s age, mother’s education, household size, father’s job, father’s age, having more than one watchful, and petroleum storage were the most important factors related to pediatric burns. Conclusion: The majority of the burn-related variables were related to individuals’ social welfare status and their environments. Lessening the effects of these factors could reduce the incidence of pediatric burns.

Social Welfare Status Denied to Cannabis Retailer

Bruce R. Hopkins' Nonprofit CounselVolume 36, Issue 12 p. 6-6 Articles Social Welfare Status Denied to Cannabis Retailer First published: 10 November 2019 https://doi.org/10.1002/npc.30665Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume36, Issue12December 2019Pages 6-6 RelatedInformation

What predicts the quality of life in Turkey: The results of a country representative study.

Quality of life is a multidimensional, sophisticated, comprehensive and abstract concept that reflects life conditions, health and social welfare status, perception of life and psychology of individuals. It is affected by health problem and disease existence as well as individual, demographic, economic and social characteristics such as gender, education, marital status and income level. The objective of this study is to determine the more likely predictors of the quality of life in Turkey. 2016 Turkey Health Survey that is a large and nationally representative survey was used to reach study objective. The results indicated that individual and demographic characteristic as well as self-rated health status and disease existence were the main predictors of quality of life. Based on the findings, it can be recommended that appropriate interventions might improve quality of life which is tend to be lower among aged, female, less educated and widow/separated individuals. It is also recommended in improving health status of individuals and improving accessibility, and quality of the health services for people with a disease will increase the quality of life of individuals.

Home parenteral nutrition and employment in patients with intestinal failure: Factors associated with return to employment

Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is provided to patients with intestinal failure (IF). HPN can however affect the patients' quality of life and ability to remain in employment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HPN on employment and factors associated with the likelihood of maintaining or returning to employment while on HPN. Patients with chronic IF were identified from a prospectively maintained IF Unit database. A structured questionnaire was designed to probe employment both before and after starting HPN, intention to work and social welfare status (benefits & pensions). A total of 196 (62.8% females, median age 53 years) patients participated in the study of which 184 (94%) patients were in full or part time employment before their illness. At the time of starting HPN, 102 (52%) patients had the desire to return to work with 19 (18%) and 48 (47%) patients returning to full time or part time employment respectively. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the frequency of the HPN infusion per week (p=0.045) and intention to work after starting HPN (p=0.001) were significantly associated with returning to work. Patients on HPN can have their employment status affected. The number of days per week on HPN and the desire of the patient to return to employment are significantly associated with employment.

Technology Acceptance and Quality of Life of the Elderly in a Telecare Program

As information and communication technology applied to telecare has become a trend in elder care services, evaluation of the program is vital for further program design and development. This study evaluated the variables influencing the use of a telecare service program by the elderly. A questionnaire survey was used to explore the relationship between quality of life and technology acceptance of a telecare program in Taiwan. In addition, open-ended questions were used to elicit qualitative information regarding the experience of technology use. The results revealed that elderly persons with better social welfare status and health condition, who used the device frequently, had higher quality of life and accepted technology use. The correlation results also indicated that elderly persons who perceived telecare as useful in solving health problems, had the intention to use the program, and were willing to continue use, also had a better perception toward quality of life regarding their interpersonal relationships and living environment. Nonetheless, cost may be an issue that will impede their willingness to use the technology in care service.

Inefficient subsidy in Nigerian oil sector; implications for revenue generation and household welfare in Nigeria

Subsidy exists when consumers are assisted by the government to pay less than the prevailing market price of a given commodity. In respect of fuel subsidy, it means that consumers would pay below the market price per litre of petroleum product. This paper is aim at analysing the effects of the increase in energy prices on the social welfare of Nigerian households and comparing the consequences with the condition in which in concurrence with increase in energy prices, the government undertakes transfer payments to Nigerian households in order to protect their social welfare status. An analytical reasoning model was adopted and within the framework of this model the effects of increase in energy price on social welfare is discussed. Decrease in energy subsidies and a shift towards market prices will result in a lower budget deficit for the government and powerfully harness one of the main causes of inflation. However, if the elimination of subsidies be accompanied by transfer payments to households, the result is increase in the government budget deficit which in its turn will enhance inflation thus very negatively affecting social welfare.

TELEHEALTH, SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT, AND SOCIAL WELFARE

Country experiences in Australia, New Zealand, Norway, Taiwan, and UK have been in favor of telehealth services since the early 1990s. Though a few studies do discuss evidence of the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telehealth programs, the literature might limit to financial evaluation. This research investigates the welfare implications of conventional in-person and telecommunications health care as improving health levels or preventing health from deterioration for efficient resource allocation by incorporating government intervention for equal accessibility of health care in the economic progress perspective. Analytical findings indicate that the inverse U shape relationship between telehealth expenditure share and social welfare status exists as the nonlinear nexus between telehealth expenditure share and economic growth presents. The health dividend in terms of an enhanced economic growth rate can be achieved only when the initial share of telehealth expenditure is smaller than the growth-maximizing share. For economic sustainable development, telehealth initiatives strengthen rather than compete with conventional in-person health care. Research results guide the countries, which have or will have telehealth systems, for effectively allocating medical resources to stimulate economic growth and improve the population's well-being.

Table of Contents

AbstractSenate Finance Committee Holds Hearing on Charitable DeductionMembership Organization Required to Allocate Dues to Magazine Income for UBIT PurposesThe Curious State of IRC § 6110(k)(3)Organization Denied Social Welfare Status Because of Private BenefitIRS and Private Inurement: Still Other New TwistsOther Recent Private Letter RulingsLegislative DevelopmentsCare Act Litigation UpdateIRS Updates ACO GuidanceIRS Issues Inflation Adjustments for 2012Other Developments

On the Association between Health and Social Problems in the Population: I. Methods and Preliminary Findings

The purpose of this first paper is to describe the statistical design and some findings of an investigation aimed at measuring the degree of association between (a) the health status of the families of a community, and (b) the number and kinds of their social and welfare problems that have required attention by community agencies. That a relationship exists between health and “socio-economic” status is inferred from the many studies which indicate that, (1) some illnesses are found more frequently, have longer duration of disability in one or the other social or economic segments of the population, (2) a large proportion of persons on public assistance has health problems. The meaning of this relationship requires considerable clarification if it is to serve as a basis for community action. The fact that a large proportion of persons on public assistance manifests chronic diseases may be due to the general age incidence of the diseases and may have little bearing on the welfare status of the individuals. On the other hand, certain chronic diseases may be contributory factors to the development of a need for public assistance. Finally, the same factor, let us say a disabling injury, may have contributed to both the welfare status and disease condition. Community action or actions will differ considerably depending on which type of relationship occurs. Such actions will also differ depending on the intensity of this relationship. If only 1 per cent of blind persons require vocational guidance the problem is very unlike that in which 100 per cent of the blind need such guidance. To clarify further the relationship between social and health characteristics, the specific factors which are involved in this relationship should be identified and their mode of operation determined. If poverty is associated with the higher incidence of a disease, the factor may be over-crowding, lack of medical care, lack of food, or some other condition. In turn any one of these factors may contribute to diverse disease reactions in several ways. Over-crowding may affect the spread of tuberculosis in a family by increased person-to-person contact; lack of medical care may produce a similar effect through delay in diagnosis and care of the ill person. In sum, the association of poverty with tuberculosis acquires real meaning only when it becomes possible to specify the pertinent factors which affect the onset or the progress of the disease. A similar degree of specification is required to uncover the real significance of any association between any aspect of health and social characteristics of the population. These considerations have guided us in planning a series of studies aimed at determining how often illnesses and certain economic or social characteristics are found together in a population; and how often, and under what conditions variations in specific aspects of health or disease precede or follow variations in specific aspects of economic or social status. The current investigation is part of that series, and is limited to the measurement of the association between health and those economic and social traits of the population which are of concern to the social-welfare agencies of Pittsburgh. In this and the following papers we shall report systematically the steps followed in the study. The complexity of the problem is well recognized and because of it, we present, whenever feasible, the full details of the several methods of approach employed and of the results obtained, of the gaps in our data and of the assumptions which underlie our conclusions. In this first paper, we shall describe the general design of the study, the collection of the data, a tentative method of classifying families according to health and social-welfare status; the variations in health and social-welfare status in relation to race-color, size of family, age, marital status, occupation and education of the head of the household; the crude association between health status of families and their social-welfare status.