Social Relations Research Articles

Examination of Factors Affecting the Improvement of Corporate Well-being among Enterprises in Hungary

The main objective of the research is the multi-aspect examination of the factors affecting corporate well-being among medium and large size enterprises in terms of number of employees, which belong to different sectors. During the sampling procedure, we included the data of 46 enterprises (n=46) with headquarters or premises in Hungary in the starting database. Data from 205 employees were processed using computerized mathematical statistical methods (SPSS) within the framework of cross-sectional online questionnaire research conducted using validated measuring instruments. The statistical and correlational analyses based on the processing of the questionnaires revealed issues related to the compatibility of work and family dimensions, workplace and family conflicts, satisfaction with work and life, the impact of workplace conditions and social relationships, which all have an influence on the quality of life of employees. The ultimate goal of increasing corporate well-being is for employees to be satisfied, committed and motivated at their workplace, which enables them to achieve higher performance. Since employee wellbeing can significantly contribute to sustainable and human-centered workplaces - thereby increasing the work motivations, work performance and satisfaction of employees - it is therefore recommended for employers to create a corporate well-being strategy and implement well-being measures in the organization in order to reconcile the requirements of work and family

Evaluating the Efficacy of LLMs to Emulate Realistic Human Personalities

To enhance immersion and engagement in video games, the design of Affective Non-Player Characters (NPCs) is a key focus for researchers and practitioners. Affective Computing frameworks improve Non-player characters (NPC) by providing personalities, emotions, and social relations. Large Language Models (LLMs) bring the promise to dynamically enhance character design when coupled with these frameworks, but further research is needed to validate the models truly represent human qualities. In this research, a comprehensive analysis investigates the capabilities of LLMs to generate content that aligns with human personality, using the Big Five and human responses from the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) questionnaire. Our goal is to benchmark the performance of various LLMs, including frontier models and local models, against an extensive dataset comprising over 50,000 human surveys of self-reported personality tests to determine whether LLMs can replicate human-like decision-making with personality-driven prompts. A range of personality profiles were used to cluster the test results from the human survey dataset. Our methodology involved prompting LLMs with self-evaluated test items for each personality profile, comparing their outputs to human baseline responses, and evaluating the accuracy and consistency. Our findings show that some local models had 0% alignment of any personality profiles when compared to the human dataset, while the frontier models, in some cases, had 100% alignment. The results indicate that NPCs can successfully emulate human-like personality traits using LLMs, as demonstrated by benchmarking the LLM's output against human data. This foundational work serves as a methodology for game developers and researchers to test and evaluate LLMs, ensuring they accurately represent the desired human personalities and can be expanded for further validation.

PROBLEMS OF LEGAL REGULATION OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN UKRAINE

In the context of the dynamic development of economic relations, a number of issues arise that cannot be considered and resolved within the framework of the opposition of individual legal schools – businessmen on the one hand, civilists and administrativeists – on the other. It’s time to realize that no branch of legislation (law) can be a monopoly in regulating social relations in a certain area. An example of this is land, water, environmental, family and other areas of legislation that regulate personal non-property and property relations, which have certain features that determine their independent nature and difference from civil relations. The final task is not to finally abolish the Economic Code of Ukraine or to achieve a gradual emasculation of the essence of economic law. Today, at the legislative level, with the participation of scientists and with the help of national legal doctrine, it is necessary to ensure, first of all, high quality regulation of relations that form the basis of the country’s development, including in the field of economy, business environment. Otherwise, science is faced with the problem of denying the natural state of development of things, which has been ordered since the time of the appearance of law as such. It is difficult to deny the well-known truth – the law is a regulator of social relations, therefore, it is in its nature determined by the needs of man, society, and changes according to the needs of humanity. This indicates the objective conditionality of proper legal regulation in one or another sphere, including in the sphere of economy, making it dependent on the environment.

Para pensar América Latina, de lo general a lo localizado

The main objective of this essay has been to formulate a provocation that introduces the relevance and the need to question the way of thinking from Latin America, especially in the face of the urgency of developing localized ways of responding to or questioning the fundamental questions that affect the very existence of the region. The academic essay methodology has been followed for its development and structuring of the text and discussion of results. In this way, three parts are proposed that organize the reflection of the text, namely: 1. Why think from a Latin American philosophy? 2. Thinking from moments of crisis. 3. Why think from a Latin American philosophy? Among the conclusions and results, among other aspects, the need to think from the concern for the particular situation and the occupation to reflect from a regional vision, questioning the evident absences in traditional systems of thought, while thinking in a reflective way is a political act because it manages to imagine and propose changes in social relations. The reluctance to accept subalternity and domination as an ethical and methodological imperative is proposed, while at the same time undertaking South-South dialogues with other former colonies, peripheries and indigenous knowledge. Finally, it is urged to avoid falling into common criticisms in the style of a “critical common sense”, or convenient criticism of the “normal” state of things.

유아 사회정서지원 과정에서 유아교사가 경험하는 보람과 어려움

Objectives This study attempted to draw implications by exploring the rewards and difficulties experienced by early childhood teachers in supporting young children’s social emotional development. Methods Data were collected by conducting two in-depth interviews with 17 teachers of 3 to 5-year-olds at early childhood education institutions located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Incheon and analyzed using qualitative research methods. The research findings derived through data analysis underwent internal validation by the study participants, discussions among researchers, and consultations with two early childhood education experts. Results The results show that, in supporting young children social emotional development, the teachers feel rewarding when the children control their emotions and build social relationships by themselves, appropriately express emotions and use social skills for situations, and also when there are progress and practices at home. In addition, the teachers experience difficulties in supporting children’s social emotional development due to developmental differences among the children, challenges in using interaction methods to support social emotional development, lack of time and manpower, and parents’ insufficient understanding and cooperation with supporting methods. Conclusions Through this study, it is found that the early childhood teachers experience rewards and difficulties in supporting young children’s social emotional development in various aspects. It is necessary to develop and provide professional developmental training and programs that can improve social emotional teaching capabilities of early childhood teachers. More practical support needs to be provided to early childhood teachers by seeking case-by-case support plans related to young children's social emotional development. Also, it is necessary to develop criteria and indicators to understand young children’s social and emotional developmental levels, so that appropriate supports for each child’s developmental level can be provided. In addition, it is essential to prepare plans for both of families and institutions to support young children's social emotional development together through family-linked programs.

Language and Identity in Ketepik Bulian Padi Played in Gambus Belitung: A Sociolinguistic Study

Gambus and song lyrics complement each other, creating harmony while representing the history and cultural identity of their communities. This study aims to explore identity through diction choices, phonological processes, and musical notes in Gambus. These elements are assumed to reflect social relations and cultural identity. The sociolinguistic theory of isolect and identity theory are applied to analyze the lyrics and musical notes. This qualitative descriptive study employs library research using the song lyrics of Ketepik Belian Padi and the Gambus melody played by Sukino (a Gambus maestro) and his daughter, accessible at https://youtu.be/wEJMsTUhY9c. The research addresses two questions: (1) How is Ketepik Belian Padi in Gambus Belitung portrayed as a social identity? and (2) How is Ketepik Belian Padi in Gambus Belitung used as an element of social identity? The findings show that the identity of the people of East Belitung is deeply influenced by historical events and is preserved through these song lyrics.

Configuring Markedness Theory of Opposition in Qaisara Sheraz’s Typhoon: A Feministic Binary Opposed Linguistic Analysis

This paper aims to explore the status of women accompanied by patriarchal practices in Pakistan. The linguistic features are analyzed to find the stereotypes as the product of marked and unmarked socio-cognitive structures. Markedness theory of binary opposition has been implied as a theoretical framework. The data includes a few of the lines of the novel selected through purposive sampling. The research proposes qualitative enumeration of the feministic binary opposition. The results show the binary oppositions as marked and unmarked structures of cultural practices enduring cognitive strata through generational practice. The marked suppressive roles of women are subjected to overdue unmarked dominant roles of men. Unmarked dominant roles of the males exhibited the unjust behavior of men around Naghmana, Gulshan, and Chuadharani Kaniz. The results also depicted the negative concepts associated with roles attributed to the unmarked notion of women. The negative roles for women as unmarked concepts show their suppressive roles. The research is significant in analyzing the binary roles as the cause of unequal social relations. It implies the markedness of linguistic choices as a tool to analyze the social structure through binary opposition. The research is particular in providing an additional hierarchy of feminine markedness in the theory of binary opposition. The study also contributes to cognitive studies by implying unmarked dominant roles as the result of naturally existing, frequent, and socially practiced cognitive strata.

Informal caregivers’ roles and needs regarding shared decision-making in severe aortic stenosis

ObjectiveTo provide insight into experiences, preferences and needs of informal caregivers (ICs) regarding shared decision-making (SDM) in severe aortic stenosis (AS) of patients ≥ 70 years, and the effect of the level of perceived SDM on ICs’ quality of life (QOL) and distress. MethodsMultiple methods study consisting of a questionnaire at baseline and 3-month follow-up and focus groups. ResultsNinety-nine ICs (67.6 ± 11.7 years) completed the baseline questionnaire, eighty-two ICs the follow-up questionnaire, ten ICs (70.6 ± 12.6 years) participated in two focus groups. ICs perceived that identifying them as discussion partners and addressing patients’ daily lives were least discussed with professionals (26.3 %; 59.6 %). Most ICs (63.9 %) preferred a collaborative decision-making (DM) role. The level of perceived SDM was positively associated with baseline QOL social relations (p = .038), and follow-up QOL psychological health (p = .048) and environment (p = .024). ICs experienced three roles in SDM: supporters in DM, stimulators in clarifying patient’s personal context, and DM partners. ConclusionICs play valuable roles in SDM for severe AS, but feel professionals do not consistently identify them as discussion partners. Practice implicationsProfessionals should involve ICs in SDM for discussing older patient’s QOL and personal context, which can inform personalized decisions regarding severe AS treatment.

The Role of Religious Moderation in Improving Social Harmony in Multicultural Society

This community service is carried out with the aim of raising public awareness of the importance of religious moderation in creating and improving social harmony in a multicultural society. Religious moderation refers to an approach that emphasizes balance, tolerance, and respect between individuals with different beliefs. The purpose of this community service is to educate and provide an understanding of the role of religious moderation in building social harmony and reducing conflict in a society with diverse backgrounds. The results of the community service activities show that religious moderation plays an important role in preventing inter-religious conflict, supporting an inclusive society, and preventing religious radicalization. Religious moderation also contributes to increasing the ability for dialogue and cooperation between communities of different beliefs. In addition, activities such as religious moderation workshops and eco-enzyme training held by UIN Walisongo Semarang strengthen social relations, promote moderation values, and teach new skills that are beneficial to the environment. Religious moderation is able to create a harmonious and inclusive society by respecting differences, and providing significant benefits through collaboration in social and environmental activities.

Procedural fairness in algorithmic decision-making: the role of public engagement

Despite the widespread use of automated decision-making (ADM) systems, they are often developed without involving the public or those directly affected, leading to concerns about systematic biases that may perpetuate structural injustices. Existing formal fairness approaches primarily focus on statistical outcomes across demographic groups or individual fairness, yet these methods reveal ambiguities and limitations in addressing fairness comprehensively. This paper argues for a holistic approach to algorithmic fairness that integrates procedural fairness, considering both decision-making processes and their outcomes. Procedural fairness emphasizes the importance of fair decision-making procedures, which aligns with theories of relational justice that stress the quality of social relations and power dynamics. We highlight the need for substantive procedural fairness to ensure better outcomes and address forward-looking responsibilities. Additionally, we propose leveraging Public Engagement, a core dimension within the well-established Responsible Research and Innovation framework, to enhance procedural fairness in ADM systems. Our contribution underscores the value of Public Engagement in fostering fairer ADM processes, thereby expanding the current focus beyond technical outcome-based approaches to encompass broader procedural considerations.

The Empty Office: protocol for sequential mixed-method study on the impact of telework activities on social relations and well-being

IntroductionTeleworking is one of the most significant legacies of the pandemic. Great attention is now being paid to its effects on workers’ health. One of the arguments that emerged on...

A Hybrid Probabilistic Graph Based Community Clustering Model for Large Social Networking Link Prediction Data

Dynamic community clustering is essential for online social networking sites due to the high dimensionality and large data size. It aims to uncover social relationships among nodes and links within the network. However, traditional models often struggle with community structure detection because of the extensive computational time and memory required. Additionally, these models need contextual weighted node information to establish social networking feature relationships. To address these challenges, an advanced probabilistic weighted community detection framework has been developed for large-scale social network data. This framework uses a filter-based probabilistic model to eliminate sparse values and identify weighted community detection nodes for dynamic clustering analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that this filter-based probabilistic community detection framework outperforms others in terms of normalized mutual information, entropy, density, and runtime efficiency (measured in milliseconds).

The quality of life in Thai senior table tennis players

Background Table tennis presented a unique and accessible sport for people of all ages, particularly seniors compared to other sports. Methods This study utilized a quantitative with 136 Table tennis players those who registered for attending in the Thailand Master Table tennis Championships 2024 which hosted in January 2024 at Chiangmai. The questionnaire based on the measurement quality of life, WHOQOL Thai version, and analyzed using Descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation. Results Pearson correlation coefficients between the scores of the quality of life in four dimensions and the overall score revealed significant correlations (p < 0.01) with all dimensions, including physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environmental health. Conclusions Playing Table tennis for senior in the tournament level helped to improve the quality of life in all domains.

Longitudinal associations among resilience, social isolation, and gender in U.S. Iraq and Afghanistan-era veterans.

Negative mental health outcomes are prevalent among veterans exposed to military-related stressors and are associated with social isolation. Limited research exists on resilience following military separation and its impact on social isolation in veterans. We examined resilience against military-related stressors and 2-year longitudinal associations with social isolation indicators; gender differences were also explored. U.S. military veterans (N = 351, 70.4% men) who deployed to the wars in and around Iraq and Afghanistan following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks (9/11) were recruited as part of a longitudinal assessment study examining predictors of postdeployment adjustment. Using a residualization approach, resilience was approximated as low stressor reactivity (SR), calculated by regressing mental health onto military-related stressor exposure. Military-related stressors were significantly associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) related to both events during post-9/11 deployment (deployment event) and outside of post-9/11 deployment (other event), functional disability, and depression. After correcting for multiple comparisons, only SR derived from depressive symptoms predicted more closeness difficulties in social relationships longitudinally, B = 0.50, q =.023. Women also demonstrated higher SR than men regarding other event-related PTSD symptoms, B = -0.52, q <.001; functional disability, B = -0.28, q =.028; and depression, B = -0.34, q =.012. Results suggest that veterans with higher depressogenic reactivity to military-related stressors were more likely to endorse discomfort with closeness than those with lower depressogenic reactivity. Women veterans may also be more impacted by nondeployment traumatic distress, psychosocial dysfunction, and depression in response to military-related stressors.

Proxies and partial connections in an anthropologist's archive.

This article examines the role of primary ethnographic materials - of field notes, letters and photographs - and even of the shelves and bookcases - in building accounts of the human condition. We trace the lives of incomplete and not-yet-found manuscripts, which have been treated as representative of whole archives, as well as closely held convictions and ideas in the history of anthropology. In so doing, we employ the notion of a 'proxy', or a set of signs and images which point the audience in particular directions, without determining their overall destination. Our research is based on a few episodes from the histories of paper and digital copies of manuscripts and photographs of the anthropological couple Sergei and Elizabeth Shirokogoroff, who conducted ethnographic, linguistic and some archaeological research, first on the borderlands between China and Russia, and then later within China. We aim to show the complexity and social and intellectual vibrancy of their ethnographic field archives, which have been scattered across countries, institutions and personal collections. We conclude by suggesting that engaging anthropologically with field archives enables us to approach existing perspectives on archives in a new way, viewing them not as containers of catalogued information, but as entanglements reflecting social relations in local communities, the trajectories of ethnographers, and the aspirations of scholars asking questions today.

Navigating (gendered) social worlds: A qualitative exploration of Canadian young people’s social relationships and mental health

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the gendered ways that youth in Canada are navigating their social relationships, and in turn, how this may be shaping their mental health experiences. Twenty young people between the ages of 11 and 17 (nine self-identified as girls, ten self-identified as boys, and one self-identified as non-binary) were recruited from across Canada and each participated in a virtual individual semi-structured interview. Social relationships were reported as highly important by all participants, and study findings illuminated the strong, persistent, and often implicit ways that these relationships are shaped by gender. This includes the ways that youth describe gender and social relationships influencing experiences and behaviours; how youth manage conflict; and the dissatisfaction that girls express regarding gendered stereotypes, expectations, and norms that they perceive their boy and non-binary peers to experience. Study findings provide context to understanding the gendered disparities that disadvantage all young people. Along with providing new evidence, this paper is a call to action to the adult duty bearers in society to lead changes in how young people are socialized so that they are better equipped to navigate relationships and conflict in positive and healthy ways.

Socio-Economic Relationship Between Weavers With Small And Medium Industries (SMEs) Bima Weaving

Weaving (muna) is a result of knowledge, culture, beliefs, natural environment, and the state of the community itself. Weavers establish social relationships with Bima weaving small and medium industries (SMEs) to support their existence in the world of weaving. The social relationships are mutually beneficial and there are adverse effects on the Bima weaving SMEs. Weaving capital is financed by Bima weaving SMEs in the form of money and yarn. Domestic household needs that cause weavers to sell woven fabric production to other weaving SMIs. The research paradigm is constructivism, with a qualitative approach and case study research type. Research on the socio-economic relationship between weavers and Bima weaving SMEs in a single study is a single case study, so this case study uses an embedded design. The technique of determining informants using purposefully select, the main informants are weavers and owners of Bima weaving SMEs, supporting informants are government and community leaders. Data collection techniques are participant observation, open-ended interviews and unstructured interviews, and documentation Data analysis techniques use spiral model data analysis. Data validity testing techniques used triangulation of data sources and data collection methods. The theory used to analyze the research results uses Max Weber's social action theory. Social relations that exist between weavers and small and medium industries (SMEs) of Bima weaving consist of friendship, openness, empathy, trust, help (sympathy). The economic relationship that emerged was that the Bima weaving SMEs helped weavers in fulfilling domestic household needs, education of weavers' children, protection of weavers even though the production of woven fabrics was small. The principles of trust and kinship that strengthen economic relations between weavers and Bima weaving SMEs.

The Lived Experience of People With Intellectual Disability in Community Settings: A Comparison of Self‐Reports and Staff Reports

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere is a need for more qualitative research focusing on the lived experiences of people with an intellectual disability and a better understanding of how these experiences align with other voices in their lives, such as family and support staff.MethodsIn this qualitative study, we asked people with an intellectual disability (N = 87) and their support workers (N = 120) similar questions about factors contributing positively and negatively to the lives of those with an intellectual disability. We conducted a thematic analysis combining data across respondents, while also identifying areas of similarities and divergence between self‐reports and staff reports. The setting was community‐supported living schemes and group homes in the UK.FindingsQualitative themes, representing key positive and negative factors in the lives of people with an intellectual disability, were (1) Positive impact of social relationships on well‐being, (2) positive impact of participation and roles on self‐determination and well‐being and (3) negative impacts of difficulties affecting day‐to‐day life. These three themes are all linked to a broader sense of identity, purpose and self‐determination. These were broadly consistent across self‐reports and staff reports, although there were some points of divergence, particularly in Theme 3.ConclusionsThese findings reveal areas that are key to maximising the quality of life of people with an intellectual disability and suggest that self‐reports and proxy reports can sometimes offer unique perspectives. Our findings can be used to ensure that the priorities of people with an intellectual disability are considered in their care.

Power and Status Inconsistency and Conflict in Teams

Power and status, two forms of social hierarchy, are fundamental feature of social relations, and they have two functions that are especially important for teams that lack formal hierarchy: 1) to establish order and coordination, and 2) to motivate employees to strive for promotion. Hierarchy provides clear social governance in groups by allowing leaders to assign tasks or allocate resources, and it provides incentives for individuals to climb the organizational ladder to obtain greater compensation and comfort. Individuals with high power and/or high status are more likely to perform leadership behaviors in teams. However, they may also cause conflict by activating threat and distrust when other team members perceive that aspirants’ leadership behaviors are misaligned with their power and/or status. This misalignment can be complex because social hierarchy has multiple forms such as status and power and multiple levels such as team and organizational levels. The current study investigates (1) how the inconsistency between power and status of a team member affect conflict with other team members and (2) how team member’s needs for power and needs for status moderate the power-status inconsistency and conflict relationship. Data was collected from a sample of MBA student teams at a large mid-western university in the United States. In the results the study found no evidence of the power-status inconsistency and conflict relationship, yet found the moderating effect of needs for power on that relationship.

Naming and dividing: the production of residual labour in the region of Doñana

AbstractThrough a case study of the production of agricultural wage labour in southwestern Spain, in the region of Doñana, this articles analyses the process of constructing agricultural wage labour as a residual social relation. Through analysis of the deployment of labour in agro-industrial berry production, I trace the ways in which the notions of “temporariness” and “slave work” obscure the centrality of labour in the agricultural production process and conceal the reconfiguration of relations of exploitation.