Social Status Of Children Research Articles

Legal Protection for Children Against Climate Change in the Southeast Asia Region Apropos of Target 13.3 of the Sustainable Development Goals 2030 (SDG 2030)

Objective: This article seeks to elucidate children's rights to protection from climate-related hazards in the Southeast Asia region and to highlight the effects of climate change on children's development rights. Further reference is made to Target 13.3 of SDG 2030, which aims to improve education, awareness-raising, and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction, and early warning as methods to combat climate change and its impacts. Theoretical Reference: Paramount considerations in addressing the impacts of climate change on children revolve around two central principles: children's best interests and the intergenerational equity principle. These principles stress the importance of prioritizing children's well-being and rights in climate change policies. Furthermore, they underscore the significance of long-term thinking and decision-making to ensure a sustainable and habitable planet for future generations, in line with broader goals of sustainability and environmental responsibility. Method: The study is based on doctrinal legal research, using reasoning to assess statutory provisions and legal precedents. Data from library research were analyzed through content analysis, primarily focusing on legal concepts, principles, and selected statutes. Results and conclusion: The article reveals that climate change has the potential to negatively impact children's social status, safety, and health, resulting in stunted life potential and infringed development rights. In the Southeast Asia region, legal measures are in place to safeguard children's rights to a safe, clean, healthy, and sustainable environment, primarily through the promotion of climate change education. These legal protections are aligned with Target 13.3 of the SDG 2030 framework. However, for these protections to be effective, there is a need for international and national implementation. Therefore, it becomes crucial for the global community to prioritize the safeguarding and preparation of children for the climate change crisis. This involves increasing awareness, providing secure options, and encouraging active participation, particularly in the realm of children's education. Research Implications: This study emphasizes the vital link between climate change and the welfare of children in Southeast Asia, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive, international, and child-centric approaches to tackle the consequences of climate change on their rights and progress. It demands immediate action to safeguard the most susceptible individuals and guarantee every child's safe and sustainable future. Originality/Value: This study significantly increases comprehension of the complex correlation between climate change and child rights and provides a foundation for targeted actions and the development of policies.

Eight‐ to 12‐year‐old US children's emerging subjective social status identity and intergroup attitudes

AbstractDrawing on social identity development theory, this study investigated a socioeconomically diverse sample of 8‐ to 12‐year‐old US children's (N = 93) subjective social status (SSS), how they determined and identified with their SSS, and whether their own SSS related to their social preferences for individuals from other SSS groups. Children primarily referenced material resources, lifestyles, money, and relative comparisons when explaining how they determined their SSS. Although all children identified with their SSS ingroup and viewed it positively, higher‐SSS children reported stronger identification with their SSS ingroup than did middle‐SSS children. Finally, regardless of their own SSS, children liked higher‐SSS individuals less, on average, than middle‐ or lower‐SSS individuals. Overall, this study provides novel evidence for the emergence of SSS identity in late childhood and its early relations to SSS intergroup preferences.

Self-esteem of acute leukemic children undergoing chemotherapy

Background Acute leukemia is a major malignancy in children. Multiagent chemotherapy protocols are the main treatment option for acute leukemia. Still chemotherapy has a significant effect on children's well-being, improving the physical, psychological, and social status of children, and also, it has a remarkable effect on self-image and self-esteem. Aim The aim was to assess self-esteem of acute leukemic children undergoing chemotherapy. Patients and methods A descriptive exploratory research design was used. The study was conducted at two pediatric oncology outpatient clinics at Tanta Cancer Center and National Cancer Institute at Cairo University. A purposive sample of 80 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was recruited. Their ages were between 10 and 16 years old. A structured interview questionnaire and Coopersmith Self-esteem Inventory were used, and IRB approval was obtained from the National Cancer Institute for performing this study. Results The age of half of the children (50%) ranged between 14 and 16 years, with mean±SD age of 13.21±1.62 years. Overall, 61.3% were males. Less than half of the children (47.5%) received intravenous chemotherapy, whereas 46.2% of the children had both oral and intravenous chemotherapy. More than half of the children (62.5%) had low self-esteem regarding general self, whereas the vast majority of children (90%) had low self-esteem regarding their social self-peers. All children had low self-esteem toward their home parents, whereas the highest percent (98.8%) of children had low self-esteem regarding their school academic. The vast majority children (98.8%) had low self-esteem regarding the lie scale. All dimensions of self-esteem were significantly correlated with total score of self-esteem. Conclusion Children with acute leukemia undergoing chemotherapy had low self-esteem regarding general self, home parents, school academic, and social peers. Self-esteem was negatively affected among school age and adolescent children with acute leukemia who underwent chemotherapy. Regarding the lie domain, most children always told the truth. Recommendations Training programs should be designed and constructed for nurses in how to assess self-esteem for children with acute leukemia. Empowerment program should be directed to children with acute leukemia and their caregivers to improve their self-esteem.

Evolution of costume and its role in shaping process a child's social status and image

The article considers the methodology of image analysis using several methods of artwork analysis from the periods from the ancient world to the 16th century, where the image of a child and its clothing based on artwork are considered chronologically for the first time. The article also considers an algorithm for designing products for the children's segment.

Perlindungan Hak Anak Yang Menjadi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pencurian Dalam Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Magetan Nomor : 4/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN.Mgt

Abstract- This study aims to determine the protection of the rights of children who are perpetrators of the crime of theft in the Magetan District Court Decision Number: 4/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN.Mgt. The type of legal research used is normative, research that focuses on positive law in the form of legislation and this research requires secondary legal material as the main legal material. The results showed that the elements of the article that had been fulfilled as stated in the single indictment, namely Article 363 paragraph (1) to the 3rd, 4th, and 5th of the Criminal Code. The judge stated that the children had been legally and convincingly proven guilty of committing the crime of theft. with weighting. The decision taken by the judge in the decision Number: 4/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN.Mgt is not solely made based on legal considerations, but also the surrounding conditions, social status of children, and family circumstances that prioritize the Restorative Justice approach.

Kazan Philistines of the First Half of the XIX Century: Children and Childhood in Everyday Life

The article considers one of the issues of the history of everyday life and family history related to the study of childhood as a stage of life. The study is focused on the philistinism of the city of Kazan in the first half of the XIX century, being the most numerous layer of citizens. The analysis of archival documents allowed us studying such aspects of the daily history of philistinism as the age limits of childhood, attitudes toward children in philistine families, mass behavior and individual decisions, as well as the emotional side of relations between adults and children. The study of the issue allowed us coming to the conclusion that the social status of children, their attitude to childhood and children among the Kazan philistinism largely retain the features inherent in a traditional pre-industrial society. In everyday practices, childhood was not yet perceived as a separately recognized and designated life stage, which was reflected in the philistine's value system. Philistines often got rid of illegitimate children in many ways, sought to include the child early in the solution of issues of maintaining themselves and the family, as well as removed them from the family by giving them for apprenticeship or working with strangers. However, the predominance of a rational attitude towards childhood did not exclude a positive emotional color in relation to children

Sharing and belonging: Children's social status and their sharing behavior with in-group and out-group members.

The association between children's social-status within their peer-group and their prosociality was examined among fourth and sixth graders (N = 276), using sociometric nominations, and actual sharing with a fellow in-group member, or a member of an out-group. Results show an overall increase in sharing with age, and an overall correlation between children's social status among peers and their sharing behavior-however, across both age groups, this association was significant only in the in-group condition, not when the recipient child was an out-group member. Specifically, less accepted children behaved in a less prosocial manner only toward in-group members, not toward out-group ones. This suggests that situational factors and characteristics of the prospective recipient play an important part in the degree to which less socially accepted children are willing to act prosocially. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Mental health status of children with cleft palate and lip referred to Shiraz Orthodontic Research Center

Introduction: Children with cleft lip and palate have a wide range of emotional and social problems and low self-esteem from birth these problems affect the child's mental function. Aim: The aim of this study was to assessment the psychological and social status of children with cleft lip and palate referred to orthodontic research center in Shiraz. Method: This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 60 children with cleft lip and palate referred to Shiraz Orthodontic Research Center in 2018. Samples were selected easily and nonrandomly from those referred to the Orthodontic Research Center. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Which evaluates children's problems and abilities; Completed by parents. Finally, data analysis was performed with SPSS software version 21. Descriptive indices (central and dispersion) and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean total score of problems (Hyperactivity and behavioral problems, emotional symptoms, altruistic behavior) of children with cleft lip and palate was 7.61± 1.50; Which was average in mental health. All indicators of ability and problems are significant difference between the groups of cleft palate, cleft lip and cleft palate (P<0.001). Conclusion: Early evaluations and timely intervention in cleft lip and palate children increase families awareness of the rehabilitation process.

Physical health, behavioral and emotional functioning in children of gulf war veterans

ObjectiveWe examined whether the prevalence of medical and behavioral conditions is higher in children of deployed veterans (DVs) versus non-deployed veterans (NDVs) after the 1991 Gulf War. MethodsWe examined 1387 children of 737 veterans. Children ages 2-18 had physical exams and parental reports of physical history and behavior. ResultsPhysical health was analyzed using GEE models. Behavioral health [total, internalizing, and externalizing behavior problems (TBP, IBP, EBP)] was analyzed with mixed-effects regression models. Analyses were conducted by age group (2-3, 4-11, 12-18), and gender (ages 4-11, 12-18). Children of DVs ages 2-3 had significantly worse dentition (13.9% vs. 4.8%, P = 0.03) and more EBP {least square means (lsmeans) 54.31 vs. 47.59, P = 0.02}. Children of DVs ages 4-11 had significantly more obesity (18.8% vs. 12.7%, P = 0.02). Among children 4-11, male children of DVs had significantly more TBP (lsmeans 70.68 vs. 57.34, P = 0.003), IBP (lsmeans 63.59 vs. 56.16, P = 0.002) and EBP (lsmeans 61.60 vs. 52.93, P = 0.03), but female children did not. For children ages 12-18, male children of DVs had more EBP (lsmeans 63.73 vs. 43.51, P = 0.008), while female children of DVs had fewer EBP (lsmeans 45.50 vs. 50.48, P = 0.02). Veteran military characteristics and mental health, and children's social status and health, including obesity, predicted children's TBP for one or more age groups. ConclusionsChildren of DVs experienced worse dentition, greater obesity, and more behavioral problems compared to NDV children, suggesting adverse health effects associated with parental deployment in need of further exploration.

Okullarda Yabancı Dil Ağırlıklı Sınıflar Aracılığıyla Kültürel Sermaye Artırımı ve Eğitimsel Eşitsizlik Üzerine Nitel Bir Araştırma

There are many studies suggesting that the choice of private school is a cultural capital investment of upper- and middle-class families in order to differentiate their children from the lower classes and to increase their social status. In this study, we reveal that families use foreign language-based classes created within secondary schools in the new period in order to meet these needs. The study is based on the data of the field research conducted by using the qualitative research method and semi-structured interview technique with 25 parents of students whose children are studying in foreign language-based classes of secondary schools and a total of 25 teachers from different branches working in schools with foreign language-based classes. In the study, it was revealed that middle-class families enroll their children in foreign language-based classes in order to improve their children's social status. This practice leads to the emergence of different stigmas within the school, especially between parents and teachers. Foreign language-based classroom practice causes educational inequalities between students who study in these classes and those who do not. At this point, measures can be taken to prevent economic conditions from being a significant factor in the preference of foreign language-based classroom practice. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to provide schools with material richness, especially in foreign language learning.

Mental health problems moderate the association between teacher violence and children's social status in East Africa: A multi-informant study combining self- and peer-reports.

School victimization has been negatively associated with children's social status. However, previous studies have primarily focused on peer victimization, leaving a significant knowledge gap regarding violence by teachers. We hypothesized that, when almost all children experience violence by teachers, not only the experience of violence, but also other factors, for example, mental health problems, may influence children's social preference and centrality. We therefore examined potential moderation effects of children's internalizing and externalizing problems. We implemented a multistage cluster randomized sampling approach to randomly chose fifth- and sixth-grade students from primary schools throughout Tanzania. Using a multi-informant approach, data were collected from 643 children (51.0% girls, Mage = 12.79 years). Results showed inconsistent direct associations between teacher violence and social status, whereas mental health problems were consistently associated with lower social status. Significant interaction effects were found for internalizing problems; that is, teacher violence was associated with lower social status for increasing internalizing problems. However, no interaction effects were found for externalizing problems. The findings underline the burden of exposure to violence by teachers and the importance of mental health for children's social functioning. Knowledge about interrelations can be applied in interventions to effectively reduce violence by teachers toward students.

Investigating infant feeding strategies at Roman Bainesse through Bayesian modelling of incremental dentine isotopic data

AbstractWe present the first study employing Bayesian modelling of isotopic measurements on dentine increments (five human upper first molars) to address Romano‐British infant feeding practices at Bainesse (UK). The stable carbon and nitrogen isotope results modelled to 6‐month intervals with novel OsteoBioR software revealed some common patterns, with weaning not starting before the age of 6 months and higher animal protein consumption after the age of seven. The latter possibly indicated a ‘survival’ threshold, evidenced by historical sources and osteological data, hence marking a rise in social status of children. The important role of Bainesse as commercial hub in relation to the fort of Cataractonium does not exclude a priori the possibility that medical treatises and Roman culture were known at the site. However, our results also showed significant intra‐individual differences with weaning cessation taking place between 2 and 5 years, suggesting that these were followed only partially and other aspects influenced family decisions on infant feeding practices in Bainesse.

A study of correlation between body size and social status of children and adoles-cents within a peer group (with the main focus on Russian schoolchildren)

Introduction. Studies of correlation between body size and social status indicate that morphological parameters (height, weight, body mass index) have an impact on the popularity and unpopularity of children and adolescents among peers. However, the available research investigations are controversial and have a range of limitations. The drawbacks of previous studies include mixed samples and little attention to the ethnic factor in the analysis, while morphological and behavioral indicators in different ethnic groups can differ greatly. The purpose of this work is to study the correlation between body size (height, weight, body mass index) and social status of schoolchildren in a peer group (with the main focus on Russian schoolchildren). Materials and Methods. The research was conducted in Moscow (the Russian Federation). The sample consisted of 1077 schoolchildren (507 male and 570 female) aged between 10 and 18 years. At the first stage of the research, all students completed a demographic questionnaire (gender, age, and ethnicity). The sample included only schoolchildren who consider themselves Russian. For assessing social status, a rating scale method was used: each participant completed a rating-scale sociometric to index popularity within the class. Next, anthropometric measurements of each respondent were made - body length, body weight, followed by the calculation of the body mass index (BMI). Results. The data analysis revealed the relationship between morphological parameters (body size) and the social status of schoolchildren within the group. The data were obtained on a homogeneous sample of Russian schoolchildren. However, this relationship was significant only for adolescence and was determined by gender. In addition, the authors revealed that low social status is determined by both overweight and underweight. Conclusions. The results show that morphological indicators (height, weight, body mass index) affect the popularity and unpopularity of children and adolescents among peers. The findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between body size and social status and related problems of victimization and aggressive behavior in adolescent groups. Keywords Russian schoolchildren; Social status; Popularity; Victimization; Body size; Height; Weight; Body Mass Index.

Мүмкіндігі шектеулі балалардың ата-аналарына әлеуметтік-психологиялық кеңес беру

The main task of specialists in their interaction with the family of a child with disabilities is not only to issue recommendations for the treatment and upbringing of the child, but also to create conditions that would maximally stimulate family members to actively solve emerging problems. Family, counseling, psychotherapy and psychocorrection work are stages of a single psychoconsultative and therapeutic process aimed at restoring and strengthening the mental health of the individual through the normalization of relations in the family. For a family raising a "special" child, such functions as correctional and developmental, compensating and rehabilitative are important, the purpose of which is to restore the child's psychophysical and social status, achieve their material independence and social adaptation. Understanding the family as a system leads, in turn, to understand the need for an integrated approach to the organization of clinical psycho-pedagogical correction of deviations in development of children, physiological system of the mother-child, the family system as a whole. Purpose is to help specialists in the field of special (correctional) psychology, defectology and pedagogy to master the knowledge and skills necessary to work with the family. Specialists have a unique opportunity to rely in their work on the most interested people in its success-parents who become their partners. Parents, in turn, master the tools necessary to effectively help their own children. Methods: observation, interviews, questionnaires, testing, and projective methods. In the course of the study, the goals and objectives of working with families raising children with disabilities were determined, and the most effective forms of organizing the psychotherapeutic and correctional-pedagogical process of cooperation between specialists and parents were considered. Forms of individual work with parents of children with disabilities are proposed. Psychotherapy and psychocorrection, used in the consulting practice of working with children with disabilities, includes various methods. Keywords: children with disabilities, social and psychological counseling, methods of psychotherapy and psychocorrection, forms of interaction with the family.

Climbing up or falling down: Narcissism predicts physiological sensitivity to social status in children and their parents.

Children's narcissism may be rooted in sensitivity to social status (i.e., prominence, respect, and influence in a social group), and this sensitivity might be shared with parents. Testing this idea, a randomized experiment examined how children with high narcissism levels and their parents respond to gains and losses of social status. On a simulated social media platform, children (N = 123, ages 8–13) competed with fictitious peers for status and were randomly assigned to gain or lose status. Unbeknownst to children, parents viewed the course of the task. Children's and parents' affective reactions during the task were measured with facial electromyography, which detects spontaneous facial muscle activity linked to positive affect (i.e., zygomaticus major activity, involved in smiling) and negative affect (i.e., corrugator supercilii activity, involved in frowning). Children with higher narcissism levels showed steeper increases in negative affect during status loss and steeper increases in both positive and negative affect during status gain. Their parents mirrored the steeper increase in positive affect during their child's status gain, but they did not mirror the increase in negative affect. These results suggest that children with high narcissism levels and their parents show intensified affective‐motivational responses to children's status‐relevant experiences. These responses may be transmitted from one generation to the other (e.g., genetically or through parent–child socialization).

Being fun: An overlooked indicator of childhood social status

The present study concerns an overlooked trait indicator of childhood peer status: Being fun. The study is designed to identify the degree to which being fun is uniquely associated with the peer status variables of likeability and popularity. Two studies of children in grades 4 to 6 (ages 9 to 12) are reported. The first involved 306 girls and 305 boys attending school in northern Colombia. The second involved 363 girls and 299 boys attending school in southern Florida. Students completed similar peer nomination inventories, once in the first study and twice (8weeks apart) in the second. In both studies, being fun was positively correlated with likeability and popularity. In the second study, being fun predicted subsequent changes in likeability and popularity, after controlling for factors known to be related to each. Initial likeability and popularity also predicted subsequent changes in perceptions of being fun. Anecdotal evidence suggests that children are intensely focused on having fun. The findings indicate that this focus extends beyond the immediate rewards that fun experiences provide; some portion of peer status is uniquely derived from the perception that one is fun to be around.

Positive influence of peers' interpersonal character on children's interpersonal character: The moderating role of children's and peers' social status

IntroductionPeers are an important source of influence on children's social development. This study investigated the positive association between peers' and children's interpersonal character (i.e., humanity and justice) and the moderating role of children's and peers' social status including wealth (family SES), power (class leadership), and prestige (social preference and social visibility). MethodsThe participants were 1555 fourth-to ninth-graders (Mage = 12.76; 46.9% boys) and their reciprocal playmates in China. Questionnaires and peer nomination methods were used to measure interpersonal character and social status. Children's reciprocal playmates were used as the source of peer influence. ResultsThe playmates' humanity and justice were positively associated with the children's humanity and justice regardless of the child's grade, gender, or sibling status. Children's level of social visibility moderated the associations between the playmates' and the children's humanity and justice, with children of low social visibility being more strongly influenced by their playmates. The moderating role of playmates' social status was displayed in two modes and appeared in the secondary school and singleton samples. First, playmates with a higher social preference were more closely related to secondary school children's justice; second, playmates with lower social visibility were more closely related to secondary school children's and singletons' justice. ConclusionsThe findings confirm the positive relationships between peers' and children's interpersonal character and reveal an important moderating role of prestige status, especially social visibility, among the relationships. This study extends the research on positive peer influence and contributes to knowledge of peer influence mechanisms.

Сравнительный анализ характеристик социальной ситуации развития младших школьников, обучающихся в инклюзивных классах

The article discusses the results of an empirical study focused on the comparative analysis of the characteristics of the social situation of development in normatively developing primary school children and children with disabilities studying in inclusive education. The study sample consisted of 14 primary school teachers and 328 students from two educational complexes in Moscow at the age from 7 to 11 years, including 18 children with a disability status , confirmed by the PMPK. The following methods were used: sociometry, the “Color Test of Relationship”, criterion-oriented observation in the classroom, interviews with teachers, analysis of individual cases. Research data indicates that the social status of children with disabilities is on average lower than the social status of their normatively developing classmates. In addition, children with disabilities have a low level of self-esteem more often than their peers without disabilities. It was shown that primary school children more often demonstrate positive emotional attitude than positive social attitude, i.e. choosing as partners for joint activities, towards their classmates with disabilities.

Power, Politeness, and Print: Children's Letter Writing in Republican China

This article examines how epistolary knowledge enabled schoolchildren to provide letter-writing services for adults who were not literate enough to write their own letters, thereby elevating those children's social status and raising their awareness of their own sociocultural power. The rise of child letter writers in Republican China is instrumental in understanding the ever-increasing need for written communication, the burgeoning of universal education, the expansion of commercial publications, and the construction of a modern society at that time. To appreciate the role of children in the aforementioned issues, the article emphasizes children's agency in two respects. First, it was embodied more so in children's consciousness of their ability to assist adults and to contribute to society than in their resistance to hierarchy and adults' directives. Second, it was reflected in children's appropriation of texts or images from letter-writing manuals for their own use, in order to accumulate cultural capital. In this sense, the rise of child letter writers in Republican China was distinct and significant because it aligned with China's ongoing pursuit of salvation and strength as a modern nation-state.

Measuring subjective social status in children of diverse societies

Subjective Social Status (SSS) is a robust predictor of psychological and physiological outcomes, frequently measured as self-reported placement on the MacArthur Scale of Subjective Social Status. Despite its importance, however, there are still open questions regarding how early into ontogeny SSS can be measured, and how well SSS measures can be extended to non-Western and small-scale populations. Here, we investigate the internal consistency of responses to the MacArthur ladder across four cultures by comparing responses to more explicit social comparison questions. We conduct these comparisons among children and adolescents, ages 4 to 18, in India, the United States, and Argentina, in addition to those in two indigenous communities of the Ecuadorean Amazon marked by differing degrees of market integration (total N = 363). We find that responses are consistent in all populations, except for the more remote forager-horticulturalist Ecuadorian community. We also find that, consistent with findings among American adolescents, SSS declines with age. We then assess the test-retest reliability of the MacArthur Scale across two time-points: a subset of Indian participants (N = 43) within one week, and a larger, second sample of Indian participants after one year (N = 665). We find that responses are highly correlated within one week (ρ = 0.47), and moderately correlated after one year (ρ = 0.32). These results suggest that responses to the MacArthur ladder are internally consistent and reliable among children across a range of diverse populations, though care must be taken in utilizing these measures among children of non-industrial, small-scale societies.