Social Sexual Behavior Research Articles

A Study on the Effects of Supervisors" Social Sexual Behavior on Innovative Behavior : The Mediating Role of Socio-Psychological Resources and Moderating Role of Gender

A Study on the Effects of Supervisors" Social Sexual Behavior on Innovative Behavior : The Mediating Role of Socio-Psychological Resources and Moderating Role of Gender

Sexual jokes and conversations at the workplace and their relation to employee well‐being: Results from a longitudinal study

AbstractAmbient social sexual behaviour at work refers to sexual jokes and conversations at the workplace. Prior cross‐sectional studies indicate that this behaviour is relatively widespread and tends to be associated with negative well‐being. We revisit this research by investigating the outcomes of sexual jokes and conversations at work after 1 year in a comparatively large employee sample. The perceived frequency of sexual jokes and conversations at work was negatively related to job satisfaction and positively related to sick days and anger 1 year later, controlling for baseline levels. Moderating effects of gender and age were not significant. Half of the sample reported that such jokes and conversations were relatively common in their workplace, both before and after the onset of the MeToo movement. We discuss implications and propose ideas for studying the theoretical mechanisms of this phenomenon.

Exploring the Black and White Shades of Social Sexual Behavior at Workplace

Assertion of the word “sexual behavior” always creates a conflicting state of mind, as it is considered offensive, harassing, and harmful in nature. However, studies have determined it as an inevitable phenomenon that could be harmless and create a positive, enjoyable, and good work climate at the workplace. Considering this, the present study is aimed to determine the impact of social sexual behavior in two forms, that is, ambient sexual behavior and direct sexual behavior on various dimensions of employee wellbeing (work engagement, burnout, and job satisfaction). For the present study, 423 employees of the civil aviation industry have been surveyed working on different profiles. With the application of structural equation modeling, a statistical model has been developed and analyzed. The findings of the study have unveiled the black (negative) and white (positive) shades of social sexual behavior at the workplace. Ambient sexual behavior was found to reduce burnout among employees and enhances work engagement and job satisfaction. Further, the study has analyzed the negative relationship between direct social sexual behavior and the positive dimension of EWB (work engagement and job satisfaction). However, this relationship is found positive in concern to burnout.

Perception of Students on Delectations and Perils in Exchange of Sexually Inclined Messages in Nairobi, Kenya

This study analyzed the nature of sexting in daily social interactions of middle level college (MLC) students in Nairobi, Kenya. It particularly assessed the delectations and perils the selected youth associated with the practice. Qualitative research approach utilizing multiple case study was adopted. Non-probability sampling techniques were employed to identity 65 students aged 18 to 24 years from five MLCs that were purposively selected. Data was generated through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. The data was audio-recorded, transcribed and thematic coding procedures were used to categorize the data into themes and subthemes. Specific steps were taken to address the ethical concerns of confidentiality, privacy and anonymity. Findings showed that the selected youth were apprehensive and cautious about the perils and social sanctions of sexting but considered the practice pleasurable, thrilling and an opportunity to learn about dating and sexual related matters. The study concluded that sexting is a complex social-sexual behavior, therefore, motivations, perspectives and feelings why it is considered efficacious should form part of the scholarly and societal responses discussions. The study recommended the use of inclusive approaches to formulate strategies to deal with harmful norms and misconceptions that may surround youth negotiations and perceptions of positive outcomes of sexting.

Precarious manhood increases men's receptivity to social sexual behavior from attractive women at work

The precarious nature of manhood, a hard-won and easily lost social status, has been linked to negative outcomes such as aggression in men, lower well-being for men and women, and more instances of workplace harassment. We posit that precarious manhood also influences men's perceptions of social sexual behavior (SSB) directed at them by a coworker of the opposite gender, shedding light on gender asymmetries in perceptions of SSB at work. Across four experiments (N = 1656), we demonstrate that men are more receptive to SSB from attractive women when their manhood is threatened compared to when it is affirmed (Studies 1–2). This effect holds after controlling for short-term mating orientation, is limited to men's (as opposed to women's) perceptions of SSB from opposite-gender initiators (Study 2) and is also limited to men's perceptions of SSB from attractive (versus unattractive) women (Study 3). Additionally, we find that at baseline, men who receive SSB from attractive women experience greater feelings of masculinity, which are limited to perceptions of sexual (versus nonsexual) behavior from attractive women, ruling out the possibility that men are simply more flatterable than women (Study 4). Our findings suggest that men's insecurities about their manhood may leave them more vulnerable to potentially problematic workplace behaviors that cater to their sense of masculinity.

Who do they think they are?: A social-cognitive account of gender differences in social sexual identity and behavior at work

To understand who initiates social sexual behavior (SSB) at work, we examine the strength of individuals’ social sexual identity (SSI), a self-definition as a person who leverages sex appeal in pursuit of personally valued gains. Using a social-cognitive framework that explores the intersection of personality, motivation, and situations, six studies (N = 2,598) establish that SSI strength is a novel predictor of SSB, including sexual harassment, and SSI strength mediates gender differences in SSB tendencies. We find that men’s (but not women’s) propensity to initiate SSB increases when pursuing self-enhancement goals (e.g., a powerful image), and these gender differences are mediated by momentary SSI strength. By contrast, the adoption of self-transcendence (e.g., affiliation) goals mitigates gender differences in SSB. Together, these findings illustrate the central role of the self-concept in explaining why and when gender differences emerge in patterns of SSB.

The development of a social-sexual education program for adults with neurodevelopmental disabilities: starting the discussion

People with neurodevelopmental disabilities, including intellectual disabilities and autism, want to have relationships but few are given the tools and opportunity to create those relationships in a safe and meaningful way. This strong desire to have relationships, coupled with reduced access to information, puts people with neurodevelopmental disabilities at high risk for being targets of sexual abuse and exploitation, as well as demonstrating social-sexual behavior that is unexpected or offensive to others. Research has long demonstrated that people with intellectual disabilities are sexually assaulted at much higher rates than the general population. In addition, it is common for people with intellectual disabilities and autism to miss out on employment, housing, and social opportunities due to unexpected social-sexual behaviors. To address this need, the research team developed the social-sexual education (SSE) program to teach people with neurodevelopmental disabilities how to create safe and meaningful relationships while also giving them information about sexual abuse and coercion. We recruited licensed professionals to pilot test the SSE program, and then we evaluated the tool using quantitative and qualitative methods. Our findings provide preliminary support for the SSE program. Implications and future directions are discussed.

The Role of Social Capital, Sex Communication, and Sex Refusal Self-Efficacy in Sexual Risk Behaviors and HIV Testing among a Diverse Sample of Youth

Social capital, namely civic engagement, adult support, and community support, shapes behaviors in meaningful ways, yet the literature examining the relationship between social capital and sexual risk behaviors and HIV testing among youth remains limited. This study examined the influence of social capital on sexual risk behaviors (i.e., unprotected sex, multiple sex partners, and being drunk or high prior to sex) and HIV testing among youth. A total of 200 primarily ethnic minority youth (mean age of 17.4 years) in Denver, Colorado were included in the study. Structural equation modeling findings indicate that higher levels of social capital were associated with unprotected sex and less HIV testing. Additionally, the association between social capital and sex with multiple partners was mediated by sex refusal self-efficacy. Youth may benefit from social capital, but it may not have the same protective or health-promotive value for youth as for adults.

Where Lies the Truth? Accuracy and Diverging Perspectives in Interpersonal Perception

Organizing becomes difficult when people do not see eye to eye. For instance, we often assume that others think and feel about us in the same way that we think and feel about them. These assumptions are often inaccurate, and yet people tend to act on their assumptions before they learn of their (in)accuracy. As a result, employees who misperceive others’ behavior may act in ways that disrupt coordination, reduce productivity, and tarnish relationships. Central to all of these issues is understanding how different people perceive the same behavior as enacted by a given individual. To deepen our understanding of interpersonal (mis)perception in organizations, the presentations in this symposium examine how behaviors of interest to employers are viewed from multiple vantage points (e.g., expressor versus recipient; recipient versus observer). Our first two presentations examine actor-observer differences in perceptions of consent and social sexual behavior; our third presentation examines dyadic meta-accuracy in flirting behavior; our fourth presentation examines self-other differences in perceptions of creative idea generation; our fifth presentation examines interpersonal perception in the context of goal attainment. Consent is in the Eye of the Beholder: Actors and Observers See Consent Differently Presenter: Vanessa Bohns; Cornell U. Presenter: Roseanna Sommers; U. of Chicago Law School Female Actor Attractiveness Leads to Men's Favorable Perceptions of Social Sexual Workplace Behavior Presenter: Sonya Mishra; UC Berkeley Presenter: Margaret Lee; Haas School of Business, UC Berkeley Presenter: Laura Kray; U. of California, Berkeley Do We Know Who Flirts with Us? Dyadic Meta-Accuracy Among Men and Women Presenter: Casher Belinda; Kenan-Flagler Business School, U. of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Presenter: Shimul Melwani; U. of North Carolina, Chapel Hill The “Eureka!” Bias: People Believe Others Generate Ideas More Quickly Than the Self Presenter: Juliana Schroeder; U. of California, Berkeley Presenter: Elizabeth R. Wilson; Northwestern Kellogg School of Management Presenter: Adam Waytz; Northwestern Kellogg School of Management Hitting Your Target: How Both Exceeding and Failing Goals Damage Interpersonal Impressions Presenter: Sara Clark Wingrove; Fuqua School of Business, Duke U. Presenter: Danbee Chon; Duke U. Presenter: Jessica Jee Won Paek; Fuqua School of Business, Duke U. Presenter: Richard Paul Larrick; Duke U.

The Relationship between Sex Education and Sexual Behaviour in Adolescents

Adolescent sexual behavior remains a global problem with high reports of cases of adolescents behaving freely. The lack of knowledge about sexuality is caused by limited information, services, and advocacy. There has not been a reproductive health curriculum for adolescents in schools. Therefore, this study aims to determine the relationship between sex education and sexual behavior in adolescents. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The sampling was taken using a total sampling technique. The sample included all students of class X and XI, with a total of 102 people. The research instrument used a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression. Bivariate analysis results showed that there was a relationship between sex education by parents, teachers, peers, and social media and sexual behavior. The results of multivariate analysis with logistic regression tests showed that sex education provided by parents was the most substantial relationship with sexual behavior. The study concluded that parents, teachers, and social media were associated with sex education. Extensive sex education from other trusted information could reduce pre-marital sexual activity among adolescents. Elaborating on external factors would implicate a good attitude and behavior in students.

Perception of workplace social-sexual behavior as sexual harassment post #MeToo in Scandinavia.

In this study we examined how people perceive social-sexual behavior of women and men, and how these perceptions were associated with beliefs about the outcomes of the #MeToo movement, sexism, traditional values, and gender equality. In addition, we examined the effect of having experienced sexual harassment on such perceptions. Analyses were performed on a Norwegian snowball social media sample covering 321 women and 168 men, aged 18-59 (M = 33.1). Outcome variables covered perceptions of scenarios that described opposite-sex social-sexual behaviors performed by female and male actors within the workplace environment. Path analysis showed that negative beliefs about the outcomes of the #MeToo movement was the principal predictor for perception of female and male social-sexual behavior as sexual harassment for women and men participants. Traditional values, gender equality, and hostile sexism toward women were all associated with perception of social-sexual behavior as sexual harassment, however the effects of these variables were only indirect and fully accounted for by the effect of negative #MeToo beliefs. For women, having experienced sexual harassment was associated with hostile sexism toward men, but had no effect on the perceptions over and above the effect of the other variables in the model. The predictors on participants' perceptions were highly similar for women and men and for evaluations of female and male actors. Theoretical and methodological implications are discussed.

Studying the Relationship of Problematic Online Dating, Social Media Use and Online Sexual Behaviors with Body Esteem and Sexuality

Studying the Relationship of Problematic Online Dating, Social Media Use and Online Sexual Behaviors with Body Esteem and Sexuality

Influence of Social Media Use on Sexual Behaviour of Undergraduate Students in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria

Despite the fact that social media enhances learning opportunities and increases access to information, it has also paved way for exposure to illicit sexual content online and misuse of social sites which has been linked to risky sexual behaviour among undergraduates. Therefore, an institutional-based cross-sectional design was utilized to determine the influence of social media use on sexual behaviour of undergraduate students in Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample size of 315 bonafide students. Data were collected using self-developed structured questionnaires and the same were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with level of significant set at 5% (0.05). The study revealed that all of the respondents 304 (100.0%) had access to internet and the majority 264 (86.8%) accessed the internet using mobile phones. Only 100(32.9%) of the respondents had high exposure to sexual content on social media and significant difference was observed in the extent of exposure to sexual contents via social media between the genders of participant with more males using social media for sexual purposes than females. The findings of the study also showed that there is significant association between exposure to sexual contents on social media and risky sexual behaviour among undergraduate students. Therefore, there is need for university authorities, parents and other stakeholders to plan interventional strategies to curb the use of social media to view illicit sexual content among undergraduate students.

Social sexual behaviour and co-worker trust in start-up enterprises

Workplace behaviours and norms are gaining increased prominence in the literature on start-up enterprises. Research attention has focused on the critical role that these behaviours and norms play in influencing start-up effectiveness but our understanding of their role in influencing trust in a start-up environment is underdeveloped. The present article investigates the role that workplace social sexual behaviours play in shaping co-worker trust within start-ups. Using data from the GUESSS (2018) international study of entrepreneurial attitudes and experiences, we find that certain social sexual behaviours undermine trust, and related outcomes such as the willingness to delegate and the sense that co-workers are honest. In particular, experiencing inappropriate looks, flirtation, or sexual gossip predict lower levels of co-worker trust. Our findings also indicate that characteristics of the source of the behaviour are important in terms of gender and hierarchical relationship. In our discussion section, we consider the mechanisms underlying these relationships and in particular how social sexual behaviour may influence trustworthiness. Taken together, our results point to a significant efficiency cost to new enterprises that take a permissive view of social sexual behaviour in the workplace.

Undergraduates’ Utilization of Social Networking Media and Sexual Behaviours in Higher Education: A Case Study

Background: Social media technology has provided platforms for enhanced human communication and expanded opportunities for self-expression. Despite the numerous gains, this social networking media, come with myriads of limitations; one being the tendency to be abused and/or misused, especially by young people or the young at heart. This study examined how social networking media influence the sexual behaviours of university undergraduates in Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The survey research method was adopted. A sample size of 396 students was determined using the Taro Yamane’s formula. The study was anchored on the Technological Determinism theory. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire with a reliability coefficient of 0.99 through test-retest method. Data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics with the aid of SPSS v25 software. Results: Findings showed, amongst others that, undergraduates in Nigerian universities are largely exposed to a substantial amount of sexual contents on various social media networks; and that this exposure negatively influences their psychology towards sex as manifested in the area of dating before marriage as a result of indulgence in interactive and romantic sites. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study recommends the introduction of social media education in higher institutions to help enlighten students on the responsible use of these technologies to minimize the inherent weaknesses and maximize the intrinsic values of utilising these media platforms.

Discriminación social y conducta sexual de hombres que tienen sexo con hombres en América Latina: Una revisión sistemática

Introducción: los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) son víctimas de discriminación, lo cual los lleva a presentar conductas sexuales de riesgo. Objetivo: examinar la evidencia disponible sobre la asociación entre discriminación social y conducta sexual de riesgo en HSH de América Latina con y sin diagnóstico de VIH/sida. Metodología: se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo los lineamientos PRISMA. Los criterios de inclusión fueron artículos de investigación en inglés y en español, sin restricción con respecto a los años de publicación; se construyeron cadenas de búsqueda. Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron: CONRYCIT, EBSCO, PUBMED, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCOPUS, CINAHL y ProQues. Resultados: se incluyeron 12 estudios publicados entre los años 2000 a 2014. La evidencia científica sugiere que los participantes con y sin VIH/sida sufren algún tipo de discriminación que se relaciona con el coito anal sin protección. Conclusión: se encuentra una falta de modelos explicativos que orienten de mejor manera la práctica de cuidado profesional.

The stress-relieving benefits of positively experienced social sexual behavior in the workplace

The current research examines the understudied consequences of non-harassing social sexual behavior in the workplace. In a programmatic series of studies, we argue and test the proposition that being the recipient of enjoyed social sexual behavior can provide psychosocial resources (such as feeling powerful, socially connected, and physically attractive) that protect recipients from stress and its negative outcomes. In Study 1, we develop and validate a measure of non-harassing social sexual behavior that is conceptually and empirically distinct from sexual harassment and is positively correlated with daily resource accumulation. We also uncover two distinct forms of social sexual behavior: flirtation and sexual storytelling. In Study 2, we use time-lagged data to demonstrate that the frequency of receiving flirtation at work is more positively related to psychosocial resource accumulation to the extent that it is enjoyed, and the resulting resources predict lower levels of stress. Finally, in Study 3, we use multi-source data to demonstrate that enjoyed flirtation buffers the relationship between workplace injustice and the stress-related outcomes of job tension and insomnia.

The Effect of Prototypical #MeToo Features on the Perception of Social-Sexual Behavior as Sexual Harassment

The #MeToo movement has to a large degree addressed a specific type of sexual harassment, focusing on quid pro quo over hostile environment type sexual harassment. Prototypical #MeToo features include male over female actor; superior over subordinate actor; repeated over single case harassment; private over public settings; personal over general targets and sexualized over non-sexualized physical contact. We predict that these prototypical #MeToo features that gained attention during the campaign will increase peoples’ perception of which social-sexual behaviors are considered to be sexual harassment. Predictions were tested in a sample of 489 Norwegian participants (66% women). The results suggest that men tend to rate female actions as less harassing than male actions, while women did not make such a difference. We also observed a bias toward prototypical types of sexual harassment, as people perceive these more as sexual harassment compared to less prototypical but equally harmful types. Implications for future research on, and prevention of, sexual harassment are discussed.

Perception of Social-Sexual Behavior and Workers’ Productivity in Selected Banks in Nigeria

In this study, the effect of social sexual behavior on workers’ productivity is examined from the perspective of individual managers, individual employees and work groups. A case study of banks in Delta State, Nigeria, is adopted to investigate the effect of social sexual behavior on workers’ productivity from a different cultural perspective as obtainable in literature. A measure of workers’ productivity and their interaction with components of social sexual behavior; sexual harassment and workplace romances, was obtained from 110 employees sampled from three banks within the study region through a questionnaire. Sex, age, marital status, education and employment status were adopted as moderating variables for the study. Multiple regression analysis was used in testing the hypotheses of the study. Result of this work reveal amongst others that sexually suggestive jokes or comments about a person’s dress or body, made in their presence or directed towards them from a co-worker or customer could lead to demoralization of workers and poor interpersonal job performance between coworkers or of a worker towards a customer. The study further reveal that workplace romance could trigger jealousy among other employees, thereby leading to a failed interpersonal job performance and low productivity. The study recommends that organizations should clearly define their climate for social sexual behavior to both workers and customers through policies and sensitization with strict penalties given to defaulters.

Boundaries and Borders: How Do Recipients Interpret Social-Sexual Behaviour at Work?

This article aims to provide a conceptual framework for elucidating how and under what circumstances women interpret social-sexual behaviours they experience at work as sexual harassment, by reviewing journal articles related to the interpretation of sexual conduct and harassment published between 1990 and 2016. By appraising, expanding, synthesising and collating extant literature in the area, it is proposed that social-sexual behaviour experienced by women at the workplace will be interpreted as harassing or not depending on: a) how they perceive the appropriateness of the intentions of the harasser, b) their sensitivity to the issue of sexual harassment, c) how personally vulnerable they are, d) the context within which the behaviour occurred and c) the behaviour itself. The proposed framework adds to existing knowledge by building on and expanding the prior understanding of how social-sexual behviour at work is interpreted, going beyond the constricted attention paid to one or few factors affecting interpretation in a piecemeal fashion.