Social Sciences In China Research Articles

Why Chinese “Society” is So Called: How Social and Managerial Discourse Caused the Choice of the Word at the Turn of the 19th and 20th Centuries

Introduction. The purpose of this article is to investigate the reasons for the choice of the term “shehui” to designate the concept of “society” in China at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The research novelty of the work is manifested in the complex analysis of social and managerial discourse of that time and in the identification of factors that influenced the terminological choice. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the necessity to understand the processes of formation of social sciences in China, which is important for the interpretation of modern socio-political processes in the country, including in the context of modern sociology of management. This is especially important for Russian sociology, since its area of interest includes the search for mutually beneficial strategies of interaction between Russian and Chinese societies. And this is impossible without studying China's approaches to managing the country's development processes, its internal and external social relations. Methodology and sources. The study applies a system-historical approach, as well as discursive, terminological, etymographic and factor analysis. The paper analyzes classical Chinese texts and works of Chinese enlighteners of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and also uses some materials collected by modern researchers, in particular, by N.M. Kalyuzhnaya. Results and discussion. The main results of the study were the identification and analysis of factors (including internal political, social, foreign policy and linguistic factors) that determined the social and managerial discourse of the period under study and the choice in favor of “shehui” among the main terms competing for the right to designate the concept of “society”. Author pointed out that the process of formation of social and managerial discourse was in line with the gradual decline in the influence of traditionalism and strengthening of the ideas of anti-monarchism, people's power and self-government. Conclusion. Author emphasized that the term “shehui” became one of the key terms in the social and managerial discourse of China at the turn of the century, reflecting global socio[1]political trends. The choice of this term is the result of a complex interaction of various factors in the formation of discursive practices, which themselves were further modified under the influence of the term and its derivatives.

Trend and Hot issues of Governance Research in China from the Perspective of Government Funding ——Based on the National Social Science Fund Project from 1991 to 2021

Government funding is an important way to promote the academic development, discipline construction and cultivation of scientific research talents in China. Based on the data of 3911 projects funded by the National Social Science Foundation from 1991 to 2021, this paper analyzes the development process and evolution of the hottest topic of "governance" research. The research shows that governance research in the field of social sciences in China has experienced through three stages: sprout development, quasi-localization and full-speed climbing. The academic contribution rate and competitiveness present a "Pareto’s law" distribution in terms of disciplines and regions. The research topics mainly focuses on the modernization of national governance system and capacity, rural and ethnic region governance, grassroots governance of urban communities, collaborative governance of ecological environment and network security governance are carried out in the core clusters. Social governance, national governance and collaborative governance are the most concerned research topics at present.

Towards Positivity: A Large-Scale Diachronic Sentiment Analysis of the Humanities and Social Sciences in China

Towards Positivity: A Large-Scale Diachronic Sentiment Analysis of the Humanities and Social Sciences in China

O razvitii russkogo yazykoznaniya v Kitae v XXI v. na osnove nacional'nyh proektov, finansiruemyh Fondom social'nyh nauk

The national project funded by the Social Sciences Foundation of China is the most advanced project of the Foundation for Scientific Research in Philosophy and Social Sciences in China. This article analyzes the relevant data of national projects to study the direction of the development of Russian linguistics, to determine trends and the fulcrum of research in China.

Analysis of College Students' Misconceptions of Quantitative Research in Social Sciences in China: Implications for Teaching

Research design is essential in regard to obtaining objective reliability for social science research. However, some social sciences students may be prone to many misconceptions regarding the understanding of quantitative research and application of statistics, which threatens the credibility of the research. To understand and potentially alleviate this problem, we examined 25 research projects and interviewed 10 undergraduate students who participated in quantitative methodology courses in social work and social welfare in a university in mainland China. This study aimed to explore students’ misconceptions about quantitative research methods and statistical analysis. The results show that common misconception include but not limited to the following aspects: (1) taking research topics as research questions; (2) no clarification of sampling procedure in data collection and no random assignment in experimental research project; (3) no explanation of the validity and reliability of the construct measures; (4) violations of the assumptions of statistical tests; (5) misuses of statistical methods; and (6) misinterpretation of statistical findings; and (7) little consideration of research ethics. The findings indicate that institutes, educators, and students should make consorted efforts to improve the understanding of quantitative research methods and enhance statistical literacy of undergraduates in social sciences in China.

Research on some problems of Internationalization development of Chinese humanities and social sciences in the new period

Under the background of the new era, China's humanistic and social science internationalization development will follow the international academic standards, improve the basic connotation in the independent innovation, comprehensively improve the current Chinese humanistic and social science internationalization work idea, comprehensively construct the harmonious development of the social environment. Humanities and social science in China in recent years, the current situation of the development of internationalization, which contains a number of factors, such as disciplinary system, research methods and academic ability, evaluation system, etc., so in advance the internationalization of Chinese humanities and social science development in the new period, to correctly handle the relationship between strategy and tactics, form, content and other aspects, in order to regulate the reasonable development strategy. According to the many problems facing the internationalization development of humanities and social sciences, this paper deeply discusses the main directions of China's internationalization development of humanities and social sciences in the new period, so as to improve the comprehensive level of China's construction and development.

Milton in China

Milton in China

PROTOCOL: Critical appraisal of methodological quality and reporting items of systematic reviews with meta-analysis in evidence-based social science in China: A systematic review.

This is the protocol for a Campbell systematic review.The objectives are as follows: (1)To evaluate the reporting quality of systematic reviews published in Chinese social science journals against the PRISMA and MOOSE standards; (2) To evaluate the methodology quality of systematic reviews published in Chinese social science journals against the AMSTAR-2 and DART standards; and (3)To analyze other characteristics of systematic reviews published in Chinese social science journals using content analysis.

Meng Xie, Internationalizing the Social Sciences in China: The Disciplinary Development of Sociology at Tsinghua University

Meng Xie, <i>Internationalizing the Social Sciences in China: The Disciplinary Development of Sociology at Tsinghua University</i>

Measuring non-Han bodies: Anthropometry, colonialism, and biopower in China's south-western borderland in the 1930s and 1940s

This article examines the biopower of non-Han bodies by considering the intersections of anthropology, racial science, and colonial regimes. During the 1930s and 1940s, when extensive anthropometric research was being undertaken on non-Han populations in the south-western borderlands of China, several anthropologists studied non-Han groups under the aegis of frontier administration. Chinese scholars sought to generate the physical characteristics of ethnic minority groups in the south-west of China through the methodology of body measurement, in order to identify forms of social and political intervention in the management of the non-Han population in wartime. This article examines the global transmission of Western social science in China, highlighting the local reception of Western racial taxonomy. Non-Han bodies were represented as a subcategory of the Mongolian/‘Yellow’ race through anthropometric research. The body measurements of non-Han people were used to demonstrate physical similarities between the Han and various ethnic minority groups in order to evoke a unified Zhonghua minzu (Chinese ethnicity) that embraced both the Han Chinese and frontier ethnic minority groups.

Evidence Based Social Science in China Paper 3: The quality of social science RCTs published from 2000–2020

ObjectiveThis study collected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in the social sciences in China and assessed their risk of bias and reporting quality. Study design and settingThree databases were systematically searched for publications from January 2000 to June 2020 for RCTs in the social sciences published by Chinese researchers. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool, and reporting quality was assessed using the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials for Social and Psychological Interventions (CONSORT-SPI). ResultsA total of 316 RCTs were identified, including 204 articles in English and 112 articles in Chinese. The most frequently researched interventions focused on education (33.9%), and the most frequently studied population were students (32.9%). Eighty-seven percent of RCTs had intermediate reporting quality. Twenty-four of the 43 CONSORT-SPI sub-items had a compliance rate of less than 50%. Most RCTs had an unclear risk of bias for blinding outcome assessors (84.5%), blinding participants and personnel (82.9%), allocation concealment (73.1%), and random sequence generation (68.0%). A low proportion of CONSORT-SPI items were reported and, high proportion of the papers had unclear risk of bias. ConclusionThe quality and reporting of RCTs in the social sciences needs improvement in China, especially for reporting methods and results. Most studies had an unclear risk of bias as they lacked important methodological information.

On the relationship between supervisor–supervisee gender difference and scientific impact of doctoral dissertations: Evidence from Humanities and Social Sciences in China

This article explores the relationships between supervisor–supervisee gender difference and the scientific impact of doctoral dissertations. We use the China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database and pay special attention to the fields of Humanities and Social Sciences in China in our empirical study. By establishing regression models, we find that the ranks of the scientific impact regarding doctoral dissertations are female–female (first), female–male (second), male–male (third) and male–female (fourth) pairs (sequence: student gender and then supervisor gender). The finding has many interesting implications for science policy and gender inequality.

The Effects of Zhongyong Thinking Priming on Creative Problem‐Solving

AbstractZhongyong thinking is a common approach adopted by Chinese people to solve problems encountered in life and work. Based on the four modes of zhongyong thinking proposed by Pang (Social Sciences in China, 1, 1980, 75), this study chooses the “neither A nor B” form, which represents the “mean” (中) characteristics of zhongyong thinking, called eclectic thinking, and the “both A and B” form, which reflects the “harmony” (和) feature, called integrated thinking. This study primed eclectic thinking and integrated thinking, respectively, through self‐compiled problem situations, and 150 college students and postgraduates students were the participants. Experiment 1 explored the role of the priming of zhongyong thinking in three classic creative thinking tasks: a divergent thinking test, remote association test, and insight problem‐solving test. Experiment 2 further examined the effect of priming of zhongyong thinking on “market investment problems” with higher ecological validity. The findings show that priming integrated thinking can improve remote associates test performance and promote creative solutions to market investment problems, but there is no significant impact on the scores of divergent thinking test and insight problem‐solving; priming eclectic thinking has no significant impact on any of the subsequent creative tasks. This study shows that integrated thinking primes cognitive processing related to information association and information integration, promoting subsequent creative tasks.

Multimodal construction of ‘rule of law’ in Chinese anti-corruption public service advertisements

Multimodal construction of ‘rule of law’ in Chinese anti-corruption public service advertisements

International Comparative Analysis of Visualization of Applied Professional Construction Research Status

What is the research status of application-oriented specialty construction in China and abroad? Finding something from the literature analysis years of Chinese literature of CNKI2003-2018 and English literature of JOSTOR With visualization tools, overall, the international research enthusiasm in the field on application-oriented specialty construction are gradual decline, Most of the authors of the English literature on applied professional research come from science and engineering professionals. But in recent years, the research on application-oriented specialty construction in China and the United States become more and more enthusiasm. The keywords such as Course construction, Practice teaching and Personnel training mode is contacted more closely to of applied professional, in addition to engineering applied professional, The research on applied majors of humanities and social sciences in China also shows a rising trend. The rapid growth of applied majors in China is closely related to the rapid economic development and higher education reform in China.

Research on Scientific Research Performance of Humanities and Social Sciences in China’s First-class Universities Based on SE-DEA

The research efficiency of humanities and social sciences in 41 first-class universities in China was measured based on Super Efficiency DEA method. It is found that most universities have higher research efficiency, but the scale efficiency is lower, and the universities with ineffective scale are mostly large-scale universities. Through analysis, the efficiency of universities is driven by insufficient input of resources, inefficiency is caused by insufficient output of results and redundancy of input of resources. There are the following suggestions: one recommends that large-scale universities should appropriately reduce the scale of scientific research; secondly, “pseudo-effective universities” should strengthen output-oriented to achieve real efficiency; at the same time, inefficient universities can improve from the aspects of technology and management capabilities. Keywords: first-class universities, research performance, super efficiency DEA DOI : 10.7176/JESD/10-10-17 Publication date :May 31 st 2019

Editorial

The social sciences are intimately linked to understanding the societies in which we live. This is why the question of the historical and political anchoring of this knowledge arises. As postcolonial studies have shown, the social sciences have produced theories, concepts, and paradigms in Southern societies conveying a discourse on “modernity.” According to Edward Said, scientific knowledge is a form of power that confers authority on the person who produces it. However, knowledge is largely controlled and produced by the West, which therefore has the power to name, represent, and theorise (Said 1995). By entering into the field of these theories, indigenous researchers impose on themselves a representation of themselves and the other that endorses these power relationships. In order to finally break with this type of domination, indigenous societies are encouraged to move away from the Western ethnocentrism carried by the social sciences, and their particular vision of modernity, in order to construct their own narratives. Issues of domination are therefore at the heart of the social sciences, and in China as elsewhere, in the modern and contemporary period, these issues have not ceased to be taken into account, discussed, and thwarted. Historically, the birth of the human and social sciences in China at the turn of the twentieth century is closely linked to the desire of intellectuals to contribute to the emergence of a “powerful and prosperous” China (fuqiang 富强) following its traumatic encounter with the Western powers during the Opium Wars. As an integral part of the “self-reinforcing movement” (yangwu yundong 洋务运动), which consisted of learning from the West in order to better counter it, the human and social sciences, in China as in other non-Western societies, from the start engaged the relationship to the Other (the West) and to the Self. Trained for the most part abroad and especially in Japan, a country through which Western concepts first passed, Chinese researchers quickly strove to situate themselves in relation to this Western knowledge. As early as the 1930s, in the wake of the sociologist and anthropologist Fei Xiaotong in particular, many sought to “indigenise” the social sciences, in order to better understand the issues specific to their country and to move in the direction of a specifically Chinese modernity. The same dynamic is found in the aftermath of the Maoist period, marked by the isolation of China and the ban on social sciences. The“feverish” re-introduction of Western theories to fill the three-decade gap, which marked the 1980s, was followed by a movement of critical re-appropriation of these theories (Merle and Zhang 2007). The lecture given by Xi Jinping in May 2016, during which the President of the PRC called on Chinese researchers to “accelerate the construction of a philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics” (jiakuai goujian Zhongguo tese zhexue shehui kexue 加快构建中国特色哲学社会科学), raises the question of the extent to which national characteristics are linked to the social sciences of each country and to question the validity of epistemological relativism. Is the assertion of a national specificity of the disciplines compatible with the aim of the human and social sciences, and to what extent can a scientific discourse or approach have cultural or national characteristics? Xi Jinping’s speech also calls for an update on the longstanding opposition between Western and Chinese social sciences, inherited from postcolonial studies, which this discourse seems to mirror. What is the significance of such an injunction today in China, and how do Chinese researchers respond to it? Ultimately, this special issue aims to question the relationship between knowledge and power, science and ideology in the light of the Chinese case.

New Structural Economics: How It Comes into Being and Recent Progress — Celebrating the 30th Teaching Anniversary of Professor Justin Yifu Lin

In the past 40 years of reform and opening up, the Chinese economy has achieved miraculous economic development with an annual GDP growth rate close to 10% on average. This remarkable achievement is unprecedented in the entire human history. At a meeting with leading Chinese experts in the fields of Philosophy and Social Sciences on May 17, 2016, General Party Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that an era of tremendous social changes must be also an era of great development in Philosophy and Social Sciences. He expressed the hope that Philosophy and Social Sciences in China could flourish with important innovations in theory. The New Structural Economics（NSE hereafter）is such an attempt to develop an innovative and independent theory. Based on development experiences and lessons from China and other developing countries, NSE, guided by Marx’s historical materialism, adopts the modern research approach of Neoclassical Economics and highlights the crucial importance of economic structures”. NSE has gradually become the third wave of international trends in development economics. This paper aims to systematically review the history how NSE, as advocated by Justin Yifu Lin and his collaborators, has come into being, and also to provide an overview of the recent progress of NSE in both theory and practice. This paper is divided into six parts. The first part is the introduction. The second part is to divide the development of NSE into five stages: early germination, preliminary formation, systematic interpretation, deepening and expansion, and real-life application and implementation. The progress in each stage is carefully reviewed and assessed. In the third part, we discuss how NSE emerges as the third wave of development economics, how it differs from the previous two waves, and several academic debates on NSE. In the fourth part, we illustrate by specific examples how NSE provides different theoretical perspectives and analytical angles from the currently dominant theories. In the fifth part, we explain the core philosophy of NSE— Knowing and Achieving Be One, Achieving Verifies Knowing”, and show how this philosophy is hardwired in the new framework and new ideas in policy practice of NSE. The sixth part is a summary. Researchers of NSE should cherish a CHANGWU” mentality, adhering to the principle of openness and the concept of Knowing and Achieving Be One”. Researchers of NSE should never stop exploring new economic phenomena, new situations, and new problems and should keep improving, deepening and enriching both theory and practice of NSE.

The Fall and Rise of Law and Social Science in China

This article traces the three waves of law and social science studies in contemporary China and examines the current status of this rapidly differentiating interdisciplinary field. Whereas the first two waves of studies subsided without generating a nationwide law and society movement, the most recent wave is rapidly changing the landscape of Chinese legal scholarship through empirical research. Four emerging subareas of Chinese sociolegal studies are reviewed in detail: (a) law in rural society, (b) the legal profession, (c) courts and dispute resolution, and (d) criminal justice.

Comparative study on the obsolescence of humanities and social sciences in China: under the new situation of web

With the study on 2,217,047 references of 280,280 source articles in Chinese Social Science Citation Index in year 2006---2008, we discovered the overall aging phenomenon of humanities and social sciences by means of synchronous citation analysis, and compared the aging law of seven disciplines. The results reveal that the aging speed of seven disciplines roughly descend as follows: Management, Economics, Education, Law, Literature, Philosophy, History. This is due to the reasons that the aging speed of humanities is slower than social sciences and the dependence of History and Philosophy on archival literature is the strongest. Moreover, each discipline of humanities and social sciences follows a basic function: half life (H) × Price Index (P) = constant C, C is 2.6 or so. Furthermore, the maximum citation age of humanities and social sciences at this stage is found to be about 3 years.