Social References Research Articles

Zachowując wspólne więzi: dyplomacja publiczna Turcji w Azji Środkowej

This article aims to analyse and assess the effectiveness of activities undertaken by Turkish public diplomacy organisations in Central Asia. Since the Justice and Development Party (AKP) came to power in Turkey in 2002, the state’s foreign policy doctrine has changed profoundly. The new government has adopted a program of active and multifaceted diplomacy, seeking to improve mutual relations with neighbouring regions (i.e. Middle East, North Africa, Balkans, Caucasus, Central Asia). Historical, social and cultural references play an extremely important role in the AKP’s political strategy, and numerous public diplomacy organisations promote Turkish regional cooperation initiatives on behalf of the authorities in Ankara. In Central Asia, institutions such as the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency, the International Organisation of Turkic Culture, the Yunus Emre Institute, the Presidency for Turks Abroad and Related Communities, ensure that ties between Turkey and countries of the region are being preserved. By utilising Turkish soft power potential, these organisations support traditional diplomatic services in implementing Turkey’s foreign policy objectives.

The Concept of Image in Contemporary Culture and its Application to the Products of Students of Fine Arts

Contemporary literature has addressed new concepts necessitated by changes, cognitive explosions, and globalization. Image culture stands at the forefront of these concepts. The image, as the foremost visual art, is a language that has captured human energies to create an era. This study aims to explore the concept of the image in contemporary culture and its applications in the products of students of fine arts. The researcher utilized the descriptive-analytical method, concluding that visual culture and its social and spatial references have a clear impact on cultivating aesthetic taste among learners.

Enhancing Tai Chi Training System: Towards Group-Based and Hyper-Realistic Training Experiences.

In this article, we propose a lightweight and flexible enhanced Tai Chi training system composed of multiple standalone virtual reality (VR) devices. The system aims to enable a hyper-realistic multi-user action training platform at low cost by displaying real-time action guidance trajectories, providing real-world impossible visual effects and functions, and rapidly enhancing movement precision and communication interest for learners. We objectively evaluate participants' action quality at different levels of immersion, including traditional coach guidance (TCG), VR, and mixed reality (MR), along with subjective measures like motion sickness, quality of interaction, social meaning, presence/immersion to comprehensively explore the system's feasibility. The results indicate VR performs the best in training accuracy, but MR provides superior social experience and relatively high accuracy. Unlike TCG, MR offers hyper-realistic hand movement trajectories and Tai Chi social references. Compared with VR, MR provides more realistic avatar companions and a safer environment. In summary, MR balances accuracy and social experience.

Social media: a digital social mirror for identity development during adolescence

According to recent studies, social media are settings where adolescents construct their identities while engaging in social interactions. In digital spaces, adolescents can interact with, display, and receive feedback about themselves, contributing to the development of a clear and integrated sense of self. This paper reviews the available empirical evidence and discusses four overarching themes related to identity construction in social media: self-presentation (attempting to control images of self to others), social comparison (compare themselves with others, especially evaluating the self), role model (media figures that are social references for behavior), and online audience (friends, peers, unknow/know referents with whom users may interact online). Moreover, it proposes a new contextual perspective on identity development on social media. Informed by research on these themes that social media features allow adolescents to perform self-presentations, offering the opportunity to express interests, ideas, and beliefs about themselves (identification and role exploration). The image presented on social media exposes them to feedback, online audiences, and social comparison with peers or social models. Audiences have an impact on how adolescents think about themselves (self-concept validation). Role models can facilitate the learning of behaviors through imitation and identification (exploration and commitment). Thus, the digital world provides a context for the development of adolescents’ personal identity. This proposal aims to contribute to the construction of future theories on identity in social media and advance this area of research.

From art to health action: lessons from a community-based, culturally tailored arts-meets-health educational campaign in Hispanic communities.

Robust digital and community-led approaches are needed to combat health misinformation, as highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Such gaps in public health outreach, compounded by systemic health barriers, contributed to higher rates of COVID-19 infection, mortality, and mental health effects among Hispanics during the peak of the pandemic. Thus, we conducted a community-based art-meets-health intervention [Stay Connected Los Angeles (SCLA)] to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic in Hispanic communities. Led by local artists in collaboration with public health specialists and community members, SCLA used multimedia to promote infection mitigation behaviors and psychological well-being among the 120,000 residents of Eastern Los Angeles. Campaign materials were designed with input from community representatives and included digital media, large-scale murals, and comic-book style pieces. Two semi-structured focus groups (one in English and another in Spanish) were conducted to solicit participants' views on attributes of the campaign. Independent coders analyzed transcripts and applied thematic analysis to summarize key learnings regarding central health and mitigation messages, media modalities, how health information would be communicated, and the ideal spokespersons for delivering health-related messages. Focus group participants emphasized the effectiveness of social media, GIFs, and references to popular media. Further, youth involvement in the creative process was deemed to be important. Participants highlighted the need for clarity in public health messaging and adaptation of visual campaigns to the preferences of diverse age groups through different art styles. Finally, community leaders were found to be critical health information sources. As a model of a culturally tailored arts-meets health public education campaign, SCLA yielded valuable information on how to structure future public health messaging and media to create a meaningful improvement in health knowledge, mental well-being, and compliance with mitigation behaviors in communities that are often overlooked. Contributions from local artists can heighten appeal and acceptability of messages.

What's in a name? Political and economic concepts differ in social media references to harmful algae blooms

Policies and management decisions in the marine environment are driven in part by public sentiment which can grow more intense during hazard events like Harmful Algae Blooms (HABs). The public conversations on social media sites like Twitter (before X) reveal the polarized nature of HABs through nuanced language and sentiment. This article uses mixed methods of machine learned topic modeling and inductive qualitative coding to describe the ways the long-term 2017–2019 Karenia brevis “red tide” bloom were politicized across Florida's South West coast. It finds that there are topical differences in keywords related to place (e.g. beach, Florida, coast), agent (individual or organization), and epistemic values (reliance on scientific and/or media reports). These topical differences demonstrate different levels of politicization and partisanship in qualitative analysis. Conceptually, this research demonstrates the ways different dimensions of a long-duration marine hazard can be polarized. Regarding management, this research provides insights to political and organizational stakeholders and the gaps in the discourse shaping marine hazards which can be used to strategically guide future social media engagement to manage politicization.What if all the careful work that resource and environmental managers do can be undone by simple, seemingly uncontroversial words? In an era of increased environmental and marine distress—coupled with short format communication—the ways environmental managers choose their words is crucial, even between ostensibly inconsequential nouns like “red tide” or “algae bloom.” Policies and management decisions in the marine environment are driven in part by public sentiment which can grow more intense during hazard events like Harmful Algae Blooms (HABs). The public conversations on social media sites like Twitter (before X) reveal the polarized nature of HABs through nuanced language and sentiment. This article relies on mining social media posts, and uses mixed methods of machine-learned topic modeling and human-driven inductive qualitative coding to describe the ways the long-term 2017–2019 Karenia brevis “red tide” blooms were politicized across Florida's South West coast. It finds that there are topical differences in keywords related to place (e.g. beach, Florida, coast), agent (individual or organization), and epistemic values (reliance on scientific and/or media reports). These topical differences demonstrate different levels of politicization and partisanship in qualitative analysis. Conceptually, this research demonstrates the ways different dimensions of a long-duration marine hazard can be polarized. Regarding management, this research provides insights to political and organizational stakeholders and the gaps in the discourse shaping marine hazards which can be used to strategically guide future social media engagement to manage politicization.

The Blind Men and the Elephant

Abstract What is the role of the social sciences in international law? This article maps how international law interacts with the social sciences, including its concepts, findings, methods, and epistemologies. It provides a first encompassing genealogy of social science references in six renowned international law journals, including the American, Asian, European, Leiden, and Nordic Journal of International Law as well as the British International and Comparative Law Quarterly, by using a corpus linguistic approach that encompasses more than 15,000 documents from 1907 to 2022. Moreover, it explores how structural factors related to the institutionalization and funding of certain strands of social science-inspired international law scholarship have influenced regional and temporal patterns in Europe, Germany, and Australia.

Impact of Marketing Strategies on Consumer Buying Behaviour with Specific Reference to Movies as a Medium

The research aims to investigate how film promoters' social media activities and other factors influence public decision-making regarding watching films in theatres. Specifically focusing on film audiences in Tamil Nadu, the study evaluates public perceptions and social media engagement. Limited research has explored variables like promotional campaigns, social media engagement, reviews, and decision-making regarding movie-watching. The study surveyed 300 individuals from Tamil Nadu who had watched films and by using SPSS, statistical analysis has been done to compare results and identify significant relationships influencing consumer decisions. The research highlights the importance of promotional campaigns, social media engagement, and reviews in influencing audiences' movie choices. Social media references can enhance audience enjoyment of recommended films, with social awareness also impacting video screening standards. The findings indicate that social networks play a significant role in influencing movie-watching behaviour. Overall, a combination of factors is necessary to encourage audiences to watch movies, and further exploration of strategies is essential to boost theatre attendance.

Experimental evidence on the determinants of citizens' expectations toward public services

AbstractWe conducted three randomized experiments to investigate whether and to what extent citizens' expectations toward waiting times for public service delivery are influenced by reference points, either in the form of social or numerical references. Consistent with our theoretical expectations, our results provide convergent evidence of reference dependence. Specifically, informing citizens that waiting times are longer (shorter) relative to a social reference causes an increase (decrease) in expected waiting times. Additionally, due to an anchoring bias, priming citizens with a higher numerical value for waiting times extends their expected waiting times. Furthermore, in line with the expectancy‐disconfirmation model, citizens' satisfaction with the service is causally impacted by the extent to which actual performance exceeds their expectations.

A 'worthy disciple of Galen', 'ardent sportsman' and 'expert swordsman': Henry Kipping (1726-1785) apothecary and surgeon at Brighton, England.

Henry Kipping (1726-1785) was an apothecary and surgeon in Brighton, England. Here we present a series of contemporary references to Kipping from newspaper, book, archive and web-based resources. Some relate to his medical practice (resuscitating a 'drowned' elderly physician and a fisherman, bleeding a member of parliament who had fallen from his horse and praising a nostrum for the 'gravel and stone'). Social references include a duel with an army officer whose sword Kipping confiscated. Kipping appears to have been popular, connected with members of Brighton's high society and passionate about traditional past times, e.g. swordsmanship, horse riding and hunting on the Sussex downs. Indeed, Kipping's horse ran in the earliest known horse race in Brighton (1770). He was consulted by notable local residents including the Thrale family of Brighton and Lady Wilhelmina Shelley (the latter evidenced by Kipping partaking in her funeral procession in 1772). Kipping lived and practised at 28 West street, a road most famous for its (now lost) George Inn where King Charles II stayed just prior to his escape to Normandy. Kipping comes across as a colourful and eccentric clinician.

Tourism Village Competitiveness Study; the Influence of Tourist Attraction and Services Mediated by Role Motivation on Tourist Visit Decisions at Tourism Villages in Malang Regency

The aim of the study was to analyze the model of tourist attraction and service mediated by role motivation on the decision to visit tourists at tourist villages in Malang district. This study employes quantitative approach, data collection methods through surveys by conducting interviews with tourism village managers and distributing questionnaires via Google form to respondents who visit tourist villages in Malang district. The sampling technique used random sampling with a total of 400 respondents. Data analysis techniques using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The test results of the research instruments show that the instruments are valid and reliable for measuring research variables, namely core resources and key attractors tourism services, role motivation and tourist visit decisions. The results of the model test show that the fit model means that the resources and attractiveness of the tourist village and the services of the tourist village have an effect on role motivation and the decision to visit tourists. Based on tourist perceptions, not only resources, natural attractions but also culture are very strong factors in tourist visit decisions. Tourism services that perform very well are shown by not only the availability of adequate number and quality of accommodation for tourists but also the quality of services from highly qualified tour staff. The motivation of tourists who encourage tourist visits to tourist villages is because they want to get out of their daily activities (escape) to feel relaxed and socialize, showing a very strong category.The decision to visit was made by searching for information through social media and references from colleagues. Evaluation of tourists through the level of repeated visits and willingness to share experiences with colleagues has a good category.

Complexity in Postmigrant Narratives of I-Docs

What epistemological potential do participatory organized web documentaries offer in comparison to 'conventional' documentaries? Does a closer analysis reveal differences between different participatory approaches? And what role does the construction of complexity play in terms of emancipatory effects? These are the initial questions of my contribution which deals with an epistemology of participatory web documentaries in relation to the construction of complex knowledge worlds. It starts with a theoretical deconstruction of different notions of participation and their application in web documentaries. In doing so, the constructed frames of reference and narratives, the functioning of the developed self-designs as well as the negotiation processes of design are also examined with respect to their epistemological potential. Still, the concept of participation calls for differentiation and clarification in general and its use in individual cases; all too often the term "participation" has been used vaguely and turned into an umbrella term under which medial interactivity and participation, social and political participation, and cultural perception and recognition are conflated. It is precisely the equation of media participation with social and political participation that seems problematic here. From the perspective of a critique of dividuation inspired by Gilles Deleuze and presented for example by Michaela Ott, participation seems to make sense only if it critically reflects the passivization imposed by digital communication and the entanglement of individuals in a complex network of social, cultural, and technological references – hence also normalized, stereotypical patterns of perception and cognition. Ultimately, this requires an examination of antagonistic, polyphonic, multi-perspectival and multi-media, thus also media self-reflexive forms of expression on different levels, which must be negotiated in their interplay. In short, this requires an examination of the medial construction of relational forms of complexity, which is the prerequisite for participation to have an emancipatory effect at all. The paper will fathom this theoretical context by an analysis of paradigmatically selected participatory web documentaries, examining different forms of complexity with regard to their epistemological and emancipatory potential. Thus, I will argue for a methodological shift of perspective that leads from an analysis of works to an analysis of their processuality. This – in the end, makes it necessary to recognize that it is also a question of how the various notions of participation – ranging from strategies of voice-giving realized in web-documentaries to dimensions of engaged listening – can contribute in their own respect to the development of polyphonic, multifaceted perspectives and make doing documentary a medium for negotiating positions and a means for self-empowerment of the stakeholders involved in these processes.

Transformative community projects in East Germany's rural spaces: exploring more sustainable forms of learning, working, and living.

Increasingly people experience alienation in educational institutions, in work life, and fragmentation in their personal life. This study explores more self-determined, healthy, and sustainable forms of working, learning, and living through a dynamic process that began in 2020 with the purchase of an old homestead in Eastern Germany. Through the remodeling of the buildings and grounds, the first social and cultural references emerged. Along with practical uses, the farm project sees itself as a future workshop or think tank. The resulting consideration includes ideas of compulsory schooling woven into a self-designed format and the introduction of an unconditional basic income. These components could lead to thousands of such projects in rural and urban areas. Drawing from communitarianism, the belief is that an active civil society must take on social, economic, and educational responsibilities and offer children and young people improved conditions in which to grow up. Theory development on the individual components exists, such as entrepreneurship, transformation, community-building, basic income, or self-directed learning but not on the interaction of these variables in the overall context. We tentatively call this integrated design a transformative community project.

Подходы к психологическим детерминантам профессионального становления педагога на этапе обучения в вузе

<p>The article provides an overview of psychological approaches to the concept of “professional development of a teacher at the stage of study at a university”. The vectors of studying the process of professional formation of a teacher in the process of studying at a university are presented. An integrated approach is considered, based on the category of professional suitability, the main indicators of which are success in professional activities and subjective satisfaction with work. The psychological determinants of the process of professional and personal development of the teacher have been allocated: analysis of the period of vocational training as an integral concept, which combines social, individual and age references in their close relationship and interdependence; functional duality of the educational process; understanding the interaction of the student, future teacher and teaching staff, as a subject-subject model of interaction; analysis of the educational space of the higher school as a public sphere and the matrices of professional and personal development of the student of the future teacher; analysis of professional development as secondary socialization of the student, future teacher.</p>

Girls of Riyadh Revisited: Investigating the Quality of the English Collaborative Translation of Rajaa Alsanea’s Arabian Novel

The paper aims to assess the quality of the English collaborative translation of Rajaa Alsanea’s Arabian novel Girls of Riyadh, focusing on linguistic and cultural features of the Target Text, a few of which are sometimes nonexistent in the Source Text. The mixed literal/functional approach to collaborative translation seems to be inconsistent, the paper observes, and it is possibly due to both the apparent tension between the self-translator and her co-translator Marilyn Booth and the prominence of the target culture sometimes recurrent in the Source Text. The paper addresses two questions: To what extent has collaborative translation affected the quality of rendering linguistic, social, and cultural references of the Source Text, such as idiomatic expressions, lexical terms, songs, names of celebrities, religious, and literary references, and traditional festivities? How effective have the literal and functional approach been in this collaborative translation? The findings of this study show that the translation procedures employed, such as omission, addition, and alteration, are sometimes unacceptable. Significantly, the study raises awareness about how the potential tension between the self-translator and the co-translator in the inclusion and exclusion of certain parts of texts can affect the quality of the end product. This paper recommends a fresh ‘critical translation’ of the ST that fills specific points which has been overlooked in the current ‘simple translation’: i.e., by paying attention to the message and intention of the author and suggesting to the use of different procedures by the two translators. The paper recommends that instead of implementing erratically two opposite approaches, the functional and literal approaches, as has been done, collaborative translators should follow one of them only. The current study suggests potential solutions to improve the quality of the English translation of this novel.

Evaluating the effect of normative feedback on energy conservation in a shared space

Normative feedback is considered a cost-effective solution for promoting energy conservation in private homes. However, for occupants in a shared space, who have no or split financial incentives, it remains unclear whether normative feedback is effective in encouraging them to conserve energy. To fill this research gap, this study presented a field experiment to test the energy-saving effect of normative feedback in shared spaces contextualized in shared dorms. Difference-in-Differences analysis was used to examine its effectiveness. The results showed that normative feedback in the form of multi-level reference groups had a significant positive effect on occupants’ behavior change and energy savings in shared spaces, with energy savings of 7.73%. Detailed normative feedback can increase the efficacy of normative feedback in shared contexts, as it provides multi-level feedback with social comparative references. Besides, the effect of normative feedback significantly differed depending on group characteristics (i.e., genders, grades, kinds of users). Normative feedback exhibited a higher energy-saving rate for male groups than female groups. However, most of the male groups whose baseline energy is similar to that of females increased their energy consumption after receiving normative feedback. For males and females with the same baseline energy consumption level, motivating the male group to conserve energy is more challenging. Sending normative feedback to newcomers works better. The element of the injunctive message of normative feedback can partially eliminate the boomerang effect. Moreover, the effectiveness of normative feedback is affected by the duration of messaging, and its positive effect on behavioral change has a time lag of three weeks. However, the energy-saving effect of normative feedback only lasted until the intervention was discontinued. These conclusions provide insights into conserving energy in shared spaces by providing norm-based interventions.

A Qualitative Exploration of Undergraduate Student Perspectives of Sexual Consent Within a Sexual Script Framework

There appear to be widespread misunderstandings and disagreement regarding the definition and execution of sexual consent among postsecondary students. Without a clear understanding of what constitutes sexual consent, navigating consent-related situations can be challenging for individuals. Sexual script theory may explain gaps in consent knowledge by highlighting the social normative references, or sexual scripts, individuals may rely on when knowledge of consent is insufficient or challenging to apply. The goal of the current study was to qualitatively explore Canadian undergraduate students’ perceptions and experiences of sexual consent within the framework of sexual script theory. Using focus groups, N = 56 undergraduates discussed perceptions of sexual consent, under what circumstances they perceive it to be required, potential “grey areas” of sexual consent and how they are navigated, and how gender may intersect with sexual consent. Transcripts were analyzed within a framework of sexual script theory using inductive coding and thematic analysis. Although participants understood Canadian legally codified scripts well, they seemed to rely on socio-cultural and gendered sexual consent scripts when legal scripts were insufficient or challenging to apply, particularly in ambiguous consent scenarios. The findings suggest that beyond providing educational opportunities and interventions within formal school settings that encompass a wider range of sexual consent scenarios, there is a need to address socio-cultural norms/sexual scripts regarding consent within the broader population.

A Study on the Impact of Social Networking Sites on College Student’s Consumption Pattern

Social media are increasingly being used as sources in mainstream news coverage. Yet, while the research so far has focused mainly on the use of social media in particular situations, such as breaking news coverage, during crisis news events or in times of elections, little attention is paid to journalists' routine, day-to-day monitoring of social media platforms. The aim of this study is to examine the use and selection of social media as sources in routine newspaper coverage. First, it presents a quantitative overview of all the articles published between January 2006 and December 2013 in the print editions of two Flemish (north Belgian) quality newspapers, De Standard and De Morgen that explicitly refer to Facebook, Twitter or YouTube. Next, a content analysis is conducted of a sample of newspaper articles published in 2013 that explicitly mention Facebook, Twitter or YouTube as sources of information. The goal of this content analysis is to examine the different appearances and functions of social media references in the news. The study thus provides a first insight into Belgian newspaper journalists' regular sourcing routines in relation to social media.

Sistem Prediksi Keuntungan Influencer Pengguna E-Commerce Shopee Affiliates menggunakan Metode Naïve Bayes

Shopee Affiliate is one of Shopee's e-commerce programs to make it easier to market products. However, with the popularity of this program, there are still many people who do not know the advantages of this program. As a result, in this e-commerce, not all sellers benefit (loss) from the products sold. In order to avoid the problem of losses on marketed products, this study aims to produce a profit prediction system for shoppe affiliate e-commerce users. To build the system, this research uses the waterfall method which is used to complete the prediction system. The first stage is to collect data from social media and references related to the prediction system, then design a prediction system, after carrying out the process of system creation and implementation and testing. The test uses blackbox to test the system and accuracy test to determine the level of accuracy of this system. The result of this prediction system is to gain knowledge in the form of profit rate patterns of influencers of shopee affiliate e-commerce users. Testing the accuracy of the system built has a very good performance with a percentage of 100%. So that the profit prediction of shopee affiliate e-commerce users is feasible to be implemented. With this system, it is hoped that the community will be able to increase sales at e-commerce shopee.

Incorporating Evidence into Collaborative Ecosystem Restoration: A Content Analysis of Bibliographic References and their Use in Salmon Recovery Plans.

Collaborative environmental management draws on a wide range of information, from a variety of stakeholders, to inform policy. Scientific information is particularly relevant for ecosystem restoration plans, such as those created for recovering species on the brink of extinction. This study examines use of evidence in salmon recovery plans in Puget Sound, USA. Across 12 plans, coders characterized 1104 references to identify their source, recency, domain, and context. Subsequently, 11 plans were analyzed in-depth to identify how each reference was used to support particular kinds of claims. Results indicate the most frequent source of information cited in salmon recovery plans is government agencies, especially from national and state governments, followed by peer reviewed journal articles and scientific books. Journal articles come predominantly from high impact (top quartile) journals, although these articles are on average 15 years old. Sources are almost exclusively from the domain of natural sciences (97%), with just 1% social sciences and 2% non-scientific. More references come from beyond than within the local watershed. Different reference sources are used to support different kinds of claims, with government agency sources positively associated with claims about species status/trends, and peer reviewed journal articles positively associated with claims about causes of species decline. Overall, the lack of social science references, and lack of references to support claims about levels of community support, reduce managers' abilities to incorporate features of social systems into species recovery planning.