JEL Classification Codes: E 60, E 69, H 53,138 1. Introduction An important role in ensuring the social and political stability in the society is taken by the integral concept of the social policy aimed at strengthening the democratic character of the Russian statehood, at transformation of Russia into a state with the socially responsible economy. These are social factors, social incentives, and social mechanisms of human behavior in a society that are the foundation of any statehood. Actual socio-economic results of reforms are assessed according to the degree of their impact on socio-economic relations, on development of the social sphere of the country and its regions. In the recent years, Russia is characterized by strengthening of the role of the state social policy. State expenditures on human development are constantly growing. One of the priorities is fulfillment of accepted social obligations. Meanwhile, the macroeconomic situation in Russia has changed. Its budget system operates under the conditions associated with a decrease in oil and gas revenues, with a reduction in the production level and foreign trade. As a result, it changes financing sources, essential links and interests of social actors, public organizations and the state concerning the social protection of workers, self-employed population, socially vulnerable groups of population, so it is necessary to reconsider the current financial instruments of the socially responsible economy, to ground new approaches to the formation of the social security system as an underlying social protection instrument. 2. Theoretical, Informational and Empirical, and Methodological Grounds of the Research As a methodological basis of the research we used general scientific methods of perception: observation, comparison, system logical-semantic analysis, synthesis of theoretical and practical materials, which allowed characterizing the social risk and social security system, showing its features and development prospects in Russia, considering social programs as a form of social responsibility of business. As a theoretical basis of the research we used works of the Russian authors that covered problems of the social policy and social protection of population: D.S. Lvov, E.V. Egorova, V.D. Roik, M.I. Pronina, T.A. Fedorova, and works of foreign scientists who developed the theory of a welfare state: W. Eucken, F. Bohm, and J. Galbraith, and who developed the social insurance provisions: A.B. Atkinson, E.D. Berkovits, R. Klein, P. Laron, J.A. Pechman. 3. Results In the course of its vital activity the humanity meets with various social risks. Social risks are risks arising due to the public nature and protection against which individually with a high degree of reliability is impossible in most cases. They are predetermined by a complex set of objective socio-economic conditions and they practically do not depend on the will of an individual. This point of view of the mutual responsibility of people for their vital activity in a society and state creates the need to establish the criteria for normal, acceptable social status of citizens upon the occurrence of certain types of social risks. And conversely, a significant deviation from the normal, caused by one of risks, is considered to be an anomaly and requires protection, ensuring social security (Boldeanu and Tache, 2016). The objective nature of social risks leads to the necessity of creating a reliable mechanism to protect from them. Consequently, insurance of social risks should be mandatory, regulated by law for all workers, and the financial burden should be jointly borne by the main social actors--employers and employees. The share of financial participation of social partners may be different, but each side seeks to find the best proportions of financial responsibility with the account of specific economic and social conditions, cultural and psychological traditions (Allegret et al. …
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Nov 27, 2024
Kanan V Salayev + 1
Open Access
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