Social Protection Of Population Research Articles

Social protection of the population in rural areas

The goal of the research is to characterize the impact of social protection measures on rural households. A broad description of the current literature on social protection measures rationalizes the choice of methods for this article. Methods of dialectical, analysis and synthesis, comparison, analogy, abstract-logical, monographic, economic-statistical methods were used. The current trends in the implementation of social protection of the population in rural areas are revealed. The core of the analysis is that social protection of the population is a necessary component of the economy, so reforms in this area should be effective both in the short and long term. It is noted that Kazakhstan is constantly improving the legislative framework in the field of social policy. The factors affecting the transformation of social protection are outlined. Measures of social protection of rural population are evaluated. Direct and indirect relationship between the social sphere and socio-economic development of society is characterized. It is revealed that various practices of digitalization of social sphere have become actively implemented in rural areas. These are online counseling, video counseling, web-based programs, virtual reality for the rehabilitation of persons with disabilities. There is an active transition from the declarative nature of social services to the digital space. The authors conclude that social protection brings social benefits, contributing to the sustainable development of rural areas.

The abortions in minors as a medical social problem.

The article deals with the problem of abortions among minors, which has extremely important socio-demographic significance and affects interests of the state, society, family and, above all, interests of young woman herself. The purpose of the study is to investigate and to analyze situation with abortions among minors in the Russian Federation. It is noted that maximal prevention of abortions among minors is a task of particular importance, requiring extensive educational and explanatory measures, improving the life-style, key direction in health protection strategy not only of adolescents and the youth, but also of population as a whole. The study identified the range of problems young mothers face. The conclusion is made that program to support them should be targeted to both minors themselves, their families, sphere of education, medicine, social protection of population and mass media. At the same time, social, economic, legal, medical, psychological and pedagogical consequences of these phenomena require significant state financial expenditures to eliminate them. The study substantiated that only integrated approach and application of modern means of education and medical prevention in solving problem of sexual education and education of adolescents will allow to obtain positive results. And if it is successfully implemented, it will result in strengthening health of entire nation of the Republic, significantly reducing increased threat of sexually transmitted diseases, early abortions, young motherhood, etc.

Social insurance schemes: foreign experience in the realities of Ukraine

The article is devoted to the justification of the role and importance of compulsory social insurance in developed countries. Special attention is paid to the importance of active orientation to public policy in social sphere. Foreign practices in the implementation of social protection of population and regulation of social development are analyzed. The priority directions for reforming the public social policy in Ukraine in the context of adaptation to the standards of highly developed countries are determined. Key institutional features of national social insurance systems are studied. Conceptual components of forming civilized social security institute, based on the advanced achievements. Substantiated mechanism for financing social protection and social security. Features of financing social services at the local level generally accepted for all developed foreign countries is a division of local budgets into two distinct functional types of local budgets. This local current (administrative) budget and local budgets Development (Investment Funds). Each of these types has its own budget expenditures and revenues. Experience in the development of public relations reveals that social security is an objective and necessary phenomenon. The objectivity of social insurance due to the risky nature of the market economy and the need to establish financial guarantees to ensure that persons who for certain reasons are unable to participate in the process of material production and to get paid for their work. The analysis of foreign experience and its comparison with state realities is allowed the author to make a number of proposals to improve the state practice of social insurance.

Інноваційні стратегії мінімізації ризиків сільського населення щодо захищеної зайнятості, викликаних пандемією коронавірусу та інституційними обмеженнями

The purpose of the article is to develop strategic directions for minimizing the risks of the rural population in the field of social and labor relations related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Research methods. The monographic approach was used for a comprehensive and in-depth study of ensuring the sustainability of the labor sphere and social protection of the population in extreme conditions and identifying the causal links of their development. The application of systematic and comprehensive analysis made it possible to work out strategic directions of increasing the economic capacity of united territorial communities, activating the market orientation of family farms, other micro- and small forms of entrepreneurship and institutionalization of sheltered employment in agriculture and non-agriculture. Normative and positive approaches have helped to determine the prospects for the quantitative transformation of private farms into family-type commodity enterprises by 2030. Due to the grouping, strategic priorities for ensuring productive employment of the rural population have been identified. The involvement of abstract-logical tools allowed to formulate intermediate and final conclusions and proposals for minimizing the socio-economic risks of agricultural employees in the context of the pandemic spread caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. Research results. Scientific and other publications on ensuring the sustainability of social and labor relations and incomes of rural population in the context of the restrictions on economic activity spread, proposals for a radical change in the solidarity system of social protection, reduction of inequality in access to basic needs of socially vulnerable groups are covered. The genesis and development of “helicopter money” theories and guaranteed minimum income as fundamentally new post-industrial models of economic stimulation and social protection of the low-income groups, conditions of their application and possible macroeconomic consequences are considered. Priority areas for risk prevention in relation to productive and protected employment of agricultural workers are identified. These include the institutional capacity and resource adequacy of rural united territorial communities; systematic and long-term support of market activity of micro and small business entities; institutionalization of employment of family farms members and other forms of small business. Scientific novelty. Anti-covid-19 strategic directions of small business development and distribution of the obligatory state social insurance system on self-employed workers in personal peasant farms were further developed. Practical significance. Proposals for improving relations in the labor sphere of the agricultural sector and social protection of the rural population can be taken into account when developing strategic directions of support micro and small businesses and the self-employed in the extreme conditions of rural society. Figs.: 1. Refs.: 35.

WOMEN’S POLITICAL RIGHTS IN A SOCIETY OF GENDER EQUALITY

Background. In the XX-XXI centuries politics is becoming an increasingly professional field of activity, to which more and more women are joining. Insufficient representation of the latter in state bodies gives grounds for doubts about the democracy of the state system, which determined the relevance of the study. Analysis of recent research and publications. Various aspects of the position of woman in Ukrainian politics have been studied by T. Martseniuk, Ya. Radysh, V. Smachylo, and G. Yurovska, but today we are required to carry out a comprehensive legal analysis of the formation of a gender equality society in Ukraine. The aim of the article is to study national legislation on the issue of gender equality in the political sphere, taking into account international standards; analysis of mechanisms for increasing the number of women in politics based on the generalization of the experience of developed democracies. Materials and methods, that were used - dialectical, comparative analysis, systemic, formal and legal scientific methods and principles. Results. An important aspect of the struggle of women for their political rights was that the latest constitutions of the states enshrined the principle of equality of citizens, including in the electoral process, regardless of gender, race and political views. Analysis of the political experience of social democracies has shown that the participation of women deputies in the work of parliaments and other representative institutions is extremely important and effective for society as a whole, because they focus on health care, upbringing, education, social protection of population, etc. In Ukraine, equality between woman and man has been established de jure, but gender stereotypes regarding the distribution of roles continue to dominate society and consciousness. The most successful international practices include the creation of a parliament on the basis of gender equality through the application of: positive actions for the implementation of gender quotas; creation of state institutions to monitor the observance of equal rights for women and men; implementation of gender expertise of bills. Conclusion. Our study has improved the thesis that in Ukraine there is an objective need to change the patriarchal type of political culture. In this regard, we have proposed measures that can increase the status of Ukrainian woman in politics: to further monitor national legislation; introduce national mechanisms to ensure the representation of women in government; create the necessary economic conditions for the implementation of women's political activity. Keywords: gender equality, democracy, parliamentarism, women’s political rights.

Социальная защита населения в региональном измерении

The article analyzes measures of social protection of population determined by the state programs on the example of a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation: the Khabarovsk territory, Irkutsk and the Amur regions. The main idea is to show how certain categories of citizens receive certain measures of state support in the different constituent entities of the Russian Federation in accordance with the current legislation. It is shown that the constituent entities of the Russian Federation provide for additional measures of social support within the framework of the state programs of social protection adopted by them. Attention is focused on the fact that in the Russian Federation, social support measures are provided on a mandatory basis to all citizens in need of this within the framework of available funding. However, the co-financing of regional programs from the federal budget is not equal to all constituent entities of the Russian Federation (by the example of those analyzed in the article), as a result of which they have unequal opportunities in the implementation of measures of social protection of the population.

The features of social protection of vulnerable segments of population in the stability development economy condition of Tajikistan

This article devoted to the theoretical and practical problems of social protection of vulnerable segments of population. In the result of scientific analyses defined the differences between the terms “social protection of population” and “social protection of vulnerable groups of population”.

Influence of technological innovations on economic inequality in developed and developing countries

The authors analyse the indicators that show the situation of inequality for 37 countries of the world. It is shown that high level of indicators of effectiveness of state's activities does not necessarily lead to reduction of inequality; neither it means that government will spend money for social protection of population, education, and other humanitarian tasks. A dream of technological innovations and digital transformations faces the reluctance to spend money for education and science. As a result of analysis of the indicators of economic, innovative, and social development, the authors determine several main tendencies of the modern times, which 'connect' the situation of inequality and implementation of technological innovations. It seems that not in all cases one can speak of a positive effect of technological innovations, for very often they have a temporary, though long, effect, and leading to large gaps in the level of well-being.

Foreign experience of preparing specialists in the specialty «social work» for social protection of population

Foreign experience of preparing specialists in the specialty «social work» for social protection of population

Current state of pension reform in Ukraine

The current phase of Ukraine’s development characterizes by a complex of external and internal challenges, which provoked a deep economic crisis in the country, led to a serious deterioration of the living standards, exacerbated social tension. The way to overcome the economic crisis lies in the implementation of complex long-term economic reforms that require the support of the entire society based on national cohesion, unity and trust to the government. In this context, reliable social protection of the population is becoming one of the main factors of national security in Ukraine. This requires the government to rethink the fundamentals, ideology, strategy and tactics of financial policy in the field of social risk management as well as cardinal practical steps to increase the role and significance of the basic institution of social protection of the able-bodied population in market economy countries - the social insurance system. The balance of the state social insurance system depends on the financial equilibrium of the Pension Fund of Ukraine, which concentrates about 90% of its financial resources. The path to such an equilibrium lies in the transition to a three-pillar pension system. However, this is possible only if our country achieves economic stability. Premature forced state compulsory accumulative insurance (second pillar of the pension system) under the crisis conditions will create a threat of social tension aggravation. Thus, under current economic conditions, the introduction of the second pillar of the pension system, although it is an objective necessity, requires clear economic preconditions, the main are: restoration of GDP growth based on overcoming the crisis in the real sector of the economy; the hryvnia exchange rate stabilization; growth of the average monthly wage in the country etc. Actuality, practical significance as well as insufficient elaboration of this problem caused the choice of the topic of the article, determined its purpose, task, logic and content.

Financial Instruments of the Socially Responsible Economy

JEL Classification Codes: E 60, E 69, H 53,138 1. Introduction An important role in ensuring the social and political stability in the society is taken by the integral concept of the social policy aimed at strengthening the democratic character of the Russian statehood, at transformation of Russia into a state with the socially responsible economy. These are social factors, social incentives, and social mechanisms of human behavior in a society that are the foundation of any statehood. Actual socio-economic results of reforms are assessed according to the degree of their impact on socio-economic relations, on development of the social sphere of the country and its regions. In the recent years, Russia is characterized by strengthening of the role of the state social policy. State expenditures on human development are constantly growing. One of the priorities is fulfillment of accepted social obligations. Meanwhile, the macroeconomic situation in Russia has changed. Its budget system operates under the conditions associated with a decrease in oil and gas revenues, with a reduction in the production level and foreign trade. As a result, it changes financing sources, essential links and interests of social actors, public organizations and the state concerning the social protection of workers, self-employed population, socially vulnerable groups of population, so it is necessary to reconsider the current financial instruments of the socially responsible economy, to ground new approaches to the formation of the social security system as an underlying social protection instrument. 2. Theoretical, Informational and Empirical, and Methodological Grounds of the Research As a methodological basis of the research we used general scientific methods of perception: observation, comparison, system logical-semantic analysis, synthesis of theoretical and practical materials, which allowed characterizing the social risk and social security system, showing its features and development prospects in Russia, considering social programs as a form of social responsibility of business. As a theoretical basis of the research we used works of the Russian authors that covered problems of the social policy and social protection of population: D.S. Lvov, E.V. Egorova, V.D. Roik, M.I. Pronina, T.A. Fedorova, and works of foreign scientists who developed the theory of a welfare state: W. Eucken, F. Bohm, and J. Galbraith, and who developed the social insurance provisions: A.B. Atkinson, E.D. Berkovits, R. Klein, P. Laron, J.A. Pechman. 3. Results In the course of its vital activity the humanity meets with various social risks. Social risks are risks arising due to the public nature and protection against which individually with a high degree of reliability is impossible in most cases. They are predetermined by a complex set of objective socio-economic conditions and they practically do not depend on the will of an individual. This point of view of the mutual responsibility of people for their vital activity in a society and state creates the need to establish the criteria for normal, acceptable social status of citizens upon the occurrence of certain types of social risks. And conversely, a significant deviation from the normal, caused by one of risks, is considered to be an anomaly and requires protection, ensuring social security (Boldeanu and Tache, 2016). The objective nature of social risks leads to the necessity of creating a reliable mechanism to protect from them. Consequently, insurance of social risks should be mandatory, regulated by law for all workers, and the financial burden should be jointly borne by the main social actors--employers and employees. The share of financial participation of social partners may be different, but each side seeks to find the best proportions of financial responsibility with the account of specific economic and social conditions, cultural and psychological traditions (Allegret et al. …

Проблемы информатизации социальной защиты населения на современном этапе

Проблемы информатизации социальной защиты населения на современном этапе

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В СФЕРЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ

ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В СФЕРЕ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ

Система органов управления в области социальной защиты населения и её структура в постсоветский период

The paper summarizes information on the structure of government in the field of social protection of the population in the post-Soviet period. The aim of the study is to characterize the system of administration in the field of social protection of population of the Russian Federation at the turn of ХХ-ХIХ centuries. The analysis of regulations governing their activities, basic powers and functions are given.
 In addition, the stages of social protection of the population management reform and the reasons for the difficulties encountered in this regard are analyzed. The purpose and procedure of reforming social security in the whole territory of the Russian Federation are revealed.

Федеральная программа «Старшее поколение» как показатель эффективности программно-целевого планирования в сфере социальной защиты населения России в конце 1990-х - начале 2000-х гг.

Федеральная программа «Старшее поколение» как показатель эффективности программно-целевого планирования в сфере социальной защиты населения России в конце 1990-х - начале 2000-х гг.

HIV EPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

Study objective: The retrospective analysis of HIV incidence in the Republic of Tajikistan in 2009-2015, the period of the rise of HIV epidemic. Materials and methods: Epidemiological investigations and sentinel surveillance data obtained at the Republican Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS of the Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Population of the Republic of Tajikistan were analyzed. The data included the results of HIV testing using ELISA followed by immunoblot confirmation. HIV incidence per 100 000 population was found to increase from 10,7 in 2012 to 13,6 in 2015. The proportion of reproductive-age women (15-49 years) among the newly found HIV cases increased from 36,6% in 2012 to 40,8% in 2015. The significance of the sexual route of HIV transmission increased in 2012-2015 making it the leading cause of HIV infection. The proportion of HIV cases associated with the injection route decreased twofold in 2012-2015.

THEORETHICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF SOCIAL PROTECTION OF THE POPULATION IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

Purpose: to ascertain theoretical and methodological bases and terminological apparatus of the notion social protection of the population in the Russian empire. Methodology: for the realization of the objective task which is to ascertain theoretical and methodological bases of the social protection of the population in the Russian empire, the basic methodological principles of objectivity and historicism have been applied. Results: the author supposes that the term used in pre-revolutionary Russia as «care, charity» and which meant care, «charge» of unprotected strata of the population by the society and the state is correlated with the modern idea of social protection of the population. Besides, stable notions, which were in pre-revolutionary lexicon, have been revealed: care of the poor, parish board of guardians, guardianship of public temperance, guardianship of prisons. Practical implications: the results may be used for examining the experience of formation, functioning and development of social protection of population, its organizing and coordinating in the regional systems. Also, the results may be used while developing generalized works devoted to the problems of the national history, text books as well as while developing university courses in the Russian history, history of state administration in Russia.

Administrative aspects of carrying out regional social policy

This article discusses the conditions of formation of regional social policy and social protection of population. The effective social technologies and promising directions for improving targeted support for population at the local level were identified

LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS AND SOCIAL PROTECTION IN KAZAKHSTAN

The paper discusses topical problems of labor market in Kazakhstan and issues on social protection of population. Main measures taken by the government on social protection of population, also major social protection policy directions are observed. In addition, the author indicates on issues demanding specific attention of the government social regulation.

Labor market conditions and social protection in Kazakhstan

The paper discusses topical problems of labor market in Kazakhstan and issues on social protection of population. Main measures taken by the government on social protection of population, also major social protection policy directions are observed. In addition, the author indicates on issues demanding specific attention of the government social regulation.