Social Efforts Research Articles

International social work research: transfer of knowledge or promotion of dialogue beyond borders?

Social work has developed unevenly within Europe and globally, with differences in terms of its recognition, training, professionalisation and academisation. This is mirrored in an unbalance in reciprocal influence, particularly vis-a-vis knowledge production, and the origin of tensions between importing/exporting ‘ready-made’ ideas from stronger social work communities and efforts towards indigenisation and locally rooted knowledge production. Structurally embedded in these tensions, we consider the role of international associations and attendant events in promoting internationalisation processes that reflect cultural dominance or, conversely, balance tensions between universalism and localism. To develop a reflection on these issues, we analysed materials used for launching the European Conference for Social Work Research conferences. Two meaningful aspects emerged: efforts at maintaining an all-embracing profile without privileging specific approaches; and the identification of shared open themes to enable mutual understanding of differences. Social work professional identity, the socio-political dimensions of social work and comparing research methodologies constituted starting points for international conversations. Arguably, nurturing such dialogues can have a significant, if indirect, function in the development of an international language and shared conceptualisations, or, at least, an awareness of different conceptualisations vis-a-vis practices of knowledge co-construction.

Pola Komunikasi di Media Sosial dan Dampaknya terhadap Hubungan Sosial antar Perguruan Pencak Silat di Madiun

Communication is essential not only in personal communication but also in organizational and group contexts. Organizational communication occurs vertically, horizontally, and across channels. The Paguyuban Kampung Pesilat in Madiun is a way to build social ties. It has been approved by 14 pencak silat colleges in the city and supported by the government and TNI/POLRI security forces. Pencak silat is one of the nation's cultural treasures that must be preserved. Even pencak silat itself has contributed to the process of Indonesian independence. This research aims to: (1). what is the communication pattern on social media towards social relations between martial arts colleges? (2). what is the impact of social relations between martial arts colleges on social media and in the real world? This research aims to find out the communication patterns of social relations between martial arts colleges on social media. The research methodology used is a qualitative explanation which aims to explain the position of the variables studied and the relationship between one variable and another. In contrast, the data collection techniques used are interviews, document studies, observations and literature studies. The theory used is the theory of organizational communication Horrison and Doerfel, Persuasive Communication and S-O-R Theory Studies. It can be said through the theory's assumption that "Communication is a key variable that makes it possible to build relationships in an organization and interact and share information". The results of this study indicate that organizational communication has a vital role in improving social relations between martial arts colleges in Dimadiun. The pattern of organizational communication towards martial arts colleges in Madiun is the formation of a paguyuban kampung pesilat as a place to improve social relations and efforts to overcome conflicts that continue to occur every year.

VR(틸트 브러쉬/Tilt Brush) 이미지 창작 매체의미술교육 적용과 도출 문제 분석

Purpose: This study aimed to confirm the application of Art Education using the tilt brush programas part of future education incorporating virtual reality technology and analyze various problems derivedfrom the field. Methods: A practical study was conducted with participants in Art Education activities using virtualreality at B-Middle School of Arts, a specialized school, and a focus group interview was conductedwith professional lecturers who had experience in conducting the class were carried out. Results: Physical and non-physical problems were confirmed through conducting the class. First,educators and trainees felt ‘unfamiliar with the medium’ following the introduction of new technologiesand devices that were not in popular use. Second, the physical limitations according to the specialnature of school education environment are confirmed. Third, it was judged that there were variousproblems for the media to be actively introduced into Art Education, and that these environmentshinder development. This was interpreted as the ‘limitation point of base expansion’. Conclusion: In order to introduce future education practices that meets the 'digital-based education'of the 2022 revised curriculum, it is necessary to identify various problems derived from the educationalfield, as shown in the results of this study. In order to solve this problem, this research suggests thatchanges in the educational environment and system establishment should be made through continuousadministrative support at the national level, and social interest and efforts to rapidly apply variouspreceding studies are required.

Reckoning with Digital Inequity in Place-Based Community Revitalization

Place-based community development in America has a rich history. Practices and procedures for successful redevelopment are supported by lobbying efforts, public administration, policy, federal funding, and the efforts of non-profits dedicated to neighborhood revitalization. Community revitalization work is often centered around specific geographic locations, while in recent decades modern technology has caused social networks to become increasingly geographically disparate. Social networks have been demonstrated to support the economic mobility that community development strives to create. However, the impact of modern technology on place-based community development has not been clearly understood. Increasing digitalization has impacted the effectiveness of place-based social equity efforts such as community organizing, affordable housing and economic development, and financial capability interventions. This essay explores how place-based community organizing led to the creation of current policies that govern community development, how technology has impacted urban communities and how these changes may subsequently affect social equity objectives in public administration.

A család hatása a falusi fiatalok immobilitására


 
 
 The study examines the effects of the spatial mobility of the family. The family’s influence in many areas of people’s lives, so the socio-spatial movements. The people in the family will inherit the bulk of their resources, provides for standards, values, skills, behavior patterns of transmission, all have an impact on the social and geographical movement-related efforts and opportunities. A study of rural young people in interviews to examine the family and the relationship between mobility, immobility. The interviewees aged between 19 and 25 have in common is that they have already completed their studies, and their parents live in the same village. An analysis of how these young people are present in the családtörténetében mobility, we are characterized by their family members, relatives, and family resources spatial movement, kötődéseik, what impact does the site less costly.
 
 

Pandemic distress associated with segregation and social stressors.

Racial/ethnic minorities are disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, as they are more likely to experience structural and interpersonal racial discrimination, and thus social marginalization. Based on this, we tested for associations between pandemic distress outcomes and four exposures: racial segregation, coronavirus-related racial bias, social status, and social support. Data were collected as part of a larger longitudinal national study on mental health during the pandemic (n = 1,309). We tested if county-level segregation and individual-level social status, social support, and coronavirus racial bias were associated with pandemic distress using cumulative ordinal regression models, both unadjusted and adjusted for covariates (gender, age, education, and income). Both the segregation index (PR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.03, 1.36) and the coronavirus racial bias scale (PR = 1.17; 95% CI 1.06, 1.29) were significantly associated with pandemic distress. Estimates were similar, after adjusting for covariates, for both segregation (aPR = 1.15; 95% CI 1.01, 1.31) and coronavirus racial bias (PR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.02, 1.24). Higher social status (aPR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.64, 0.86) and social support (aPR = 0.81; 95% CI 0.73, 0.90) were associated with lower pandemic distress after adjustment. Segregation and coronavirus racial bias are relevant pandemic stressors, and thus have implications for minority health. Future research exploring potential mechanisms of this relationship, including specific forms of racial discrimination related to pandemic distress and implications for social justice efforts, are recommended.

Birds of feather flock together: A longitudinal study of a social media outreach effort

Social media platforms are increasingly used by scientists for communicating with the public about their research and its outcomes. This tool has proved useful for scientists seeking to provide funders with far-reaching research impacts, to fulfill public outreach requirements, or to educate the public about important topics. However, scientists still struggle to reach new audience members who do not already have an affinity with their efforts. While the organic growth of audiences through social media provides an optimal environment for expanding initial audiences into more generalized crowds, little guidance exists for scientists about how much time is necessary for pushing their message or effort before it starts to reach ‘new’ followers. Using a small conservation-oriented social media effort, we studied changes in an audience across a three-year time span. Although we did observe a shift in initial audience attitudes, knowledge, and demographics, it was relatively small, and our audience already seemed to have an affinity for our topic of interest. As a result, we recommend that future social media efforts should carefully consider their goals and timelines before starting any campaign venture. We also suggest that future research investigate the temporal aspect of audience shifts in social media across a longer period.

Disruption and Community Life Strategy to Overcome The Covid-19 Pandemic From Social-cultural Perspective

This paper aims to examine the Covid-19 phenomenon and its multidimensional impacts on the form of disruption of social life and efforts to overcome it. At the end of 2019, the city of Wuhan had a new pneumonia outbreak and spread to 190 countries. The outbreak was named Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). The Covid-19 pandemic has spread throughout the world and has claimed millions of victims, which until now have not been found a vaccine to treat it. The development of Covid-19 has had a multidimensional impact causing a decline in health, welfare, economic growth, anomies and disruption in various lives. Various strategies and policies have been taken by governments around the world in the form of the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), social distancing, and reducing crowds involving large crowds, new normal and various life revolutions so that people are able to sustain their lives and reduce the new Covid-19 cluster. Until now, the efforts taken by various countries including in the medical field, namely finding a new vaccine, but it have not been successful to be found. So the Covid-19 pandemic has caused a revolution and disruption in various aspects of the social-cultural, health and economy.
 Keywords: Personal protective equipment; PPE; covid-19; social-cultural

Developing Antiracist Research to Address Racial/Ethnic Health and Socioeconomic Inequities: Conceptual Frameworks That Guide Equity

The primary mission of the social work profession is to enhance human well-being and help meet the basic human needs of all people, with particular attention to the needs and empowerment of people who have been historically marginalized and oppressed. Race is a fundamental determinant of many outcomes that are prioritized by the field. Social work’s commitment to social justice and efforts to advance racial equity in critical areas such as socioeconomics and health are especially salient at this social and political moment in history. To meaningfully advance equity, social work researchers and practitioners must account for and explicitly address legacies of racism. To this end, this paper proposes that social work researchers consider the use of two theoretical frameworks—fundamental cause theory and critical race theory—that provide a conceptual framing of racism and socioeconomic status, which may be used to guide research and practice efforts to disrupt systems of racial oppression.

EFEKTIVITAS KARANG TARUNA DALAM PEMBERDAYAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DI KELURAHAN BABAKAN KECAMATAN CIBEUREUM KOTA SUKABUMI

Based on observations in the field, researchers are interested in this research because of several problems such as lack of youth participation in the Youth Organization, Lack of implementation of special activities in the field of Human Resources Empowerment by Youth Organization, Lack of effectiveness of Youth Organization empowerment for youth, Still low levels of youth awareness of Youth Organization. The theory used is Bastian's theory in Nawawi (2013). The purpose of this is to find out (1) Output (2) Policy (3) Procedures in the Effectiveness of Youth Organization in Empowering Human Resources in Babakan Village, Cibeureum District, Sukabumi City. The research method used is qualitative method. Key informants of this research are the Head of Kelurahan, Head of Youth Organization, Youth Organization Members, and Babakan Village Community, The number of informants is 6 people. And for determining the data sample used Purposive Sampling and Snowball Sampling. The data collection techniques used by literature study and field studies through observation and interviews. Data is collected using descriptive analysis techniques through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, the final stage is conclusion. Karang Taruna is a social association as an organization or development group for each community that grows and develops on the basis of awareness and social responsibility from, by and for the community, especially the younger generation in the village / kelurahan area, especially those engaged in social welfare efforts. However, Karang Taruna in Babakan Village has not been achieved due to the lack of participation from the community which has an impact on Karang Taruna in empowering human resources. And until now the Babakan Village Youth Organization is still in the development stage, so that this organization can be sustainable towards better Human Resource Empowerment.

One Year of COVID-19 Vaccine Misinformation on Twitter: Longitudinal Study.

Vaccinations play a critical role in mitigating the impact of COVID-19 and other diseases. Past research has linked misinformation to increased hesitancy and lower vaccination rates. Gaps remain in our knowledge about the main drivers of vaccine misinformation on social media and effective ways to intervene. Our longitudinal study had two primary objectives: (1) to investigate the patterns of prevalence and contagion of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on Twitter in 2021, and (2) to identify the main spreaders of vaccine misinformation. Given our initial results, we further considered the likely drivers of misinformation and its spread, providing insights for potential interventions. We collected almost 300 million English-language tweets related to COVID-19 vaccines using a list of over 80 relevant keywords over a period of 12 months. We then extracted and labeled news articles at the source level based on third-party lists of low-credibility and mainstream news sources, and measured the prevalence of different kinds of information. We also considered suspicious YouTube videos shared on Twitter. We focused our analysis of vaccine misinformation spreaders on verified and automated Twitter accounts. Our findings showed a relatively low prevalence of low-credibility information compared to the entirety of mainstream news. However, the most popular low-credibility sources had reshare volumes comparable to those of many mainstream sources, and had larger volumes than those of authoritative sources such as the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. Throughout the year, we observed an increasing trend in the prevalence of low-credibility news about vaccines. We also observed a considerable amount of suspicious YouTube videos shared on Twitter. Tweets by a small group of approximately 800 "superspreaders" verified by Twitter accounted for approximately 35% of all reshares of misinformation on an average day, with the top superspreader (@RobertKennedyJr) responsible for over 13% of retweets. Finally, low-credibility news and suspicious YouTube videos were more likely to be shared by automated accounts. The wide spread of misinformation around COVID-19 vaccines on Twitter during 2021 shows that there was an audience for this type of content. Our findings are also consistent with the hypothesis that superspreaders are driven by financial incentives that allow them to profit from health misinformation. Despite high-profile cases of deplatformed misinformation superspreaders, our results show that in 2021, a few individuals still played an outsized role in the spread of low-credibility vaccine content. As a result, social media moderation efforts would be better served by focusing on reducing the online visibility of repeat spreaders of harmful content, especially during public health crises.

Generating inclusive services for children, youth and families: A shift to using complex systems theory

AbstractService systems for children and families have been shaped by standard approaches to knowledge‐building, which reflect a reductionist approach and assume linearity and/or that individuals and experiences are normally distributed. Yet, these approaches may be inadequate for clients most at‐risk, especially those who would be analytic ‘outliers’. A complexity lens focuses on the whole system and seeks to identify patterns, including the dynamic interactions between components of the system. Social work scholars have begun to apply complexity theory to social work research efforts, demonstrating the conceptual potential of incorporating this theoretical approach into social work theories and models such as the person‐in‐environment framework and the ecosystems perspective. Yet, frameworks informed by complexity theory may require ontological and epistemological shifts in thinking and new methodological approaches in order to fully embody a complexity approach. Complexity theory offers the opportunity to consider social work clients who are most at‐risk, as it is better suited for power law distributions. We can, therefore, reconceptualize the most ‘at‐risk’ clients as being in a state of transition, which is also the space of most creativity and possibility.

PENINGKATAN AKURASI INFORMASI LAYANAN SOSIAL MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI PEMETAAN TEMPAT SOSIAL MENGGUNAKAN API GOOGLE SERVICE

Based on research results, even though technology is currently developing rapidly, complete data and information regarding social service providers in the regions are still difficult to obtain. The implementation of social service efforts in the regions often experiences obstacles due to a lack of communication facilities, as well as the lack of information on geographic location and information on the forms of social services available. This has resulted in uneven distribution of assistance received by social service providers in the regions. Therefore, we developed the Kasih Baik application which was developed using the spiral model System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method. This method was chosen because it is the right model to use in prototype development. Kasih Baik itself is an application that consists of several main functions such as Tempat Kasih, Kasih Barang and Kasih Jasa. The purpose of this appendix is ​​to raise awareness of the public about registration and participation in the support of social services in the region, and to clarify the problems related to justice and improve the quality of justice services in the regions.

Social media influencers and consumer engagement: A review and future research agenda

AbstractThe rise of social media influencers (SMIs) in the recent decade garnered wide interest from academicians and marketers. Academicians try to understand the effect of influencers on consumer behaviour, while marketers use influencers as part of their strategy to achieve marketing objectives. Although, plenty of practical and conceptual research is available in this area, literature reviews in the domain of SMIs and consumer engagement are scarce as it is still developing, and most of the studies have focused on these two concepts separately. In this study, the authors attempted to combine and understand how social media influencers affect consumers engagement. This systematic review of the literature offers a comprehensive view of previous research on social media influencers and consumer engagement. The study reviewed articles published in the Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC), Scopus, and Web of Science indexed journals till 5 June 2021. To understand consumers' engagement with SMIs, authors identified and theorized the antecedents, decision and outcome of such engagement. It also discusses the influencer‐follower parasocial relationship on different social media platforms. The study proposes an integrated conceptual framework that can be further used to test and validate the impact of social media influencer's marketing efforts on consumer engagement. This framework also may serve as a foundation for marketers to develop effective influencer strategies for brand promotions. The review concludes the discussion by highlighting theories, methodology, and context of studies conducted by past researchers.

Makanan Pantangan pada Ibu Hamil Kekurangan Energi Kronik (KEK)

This study aims to determine dietary restrictions in pregnant women on the incidence of chronic energy deficiency (KEK) at the Sumbersari Health Center. The qualitative method with an exploratory phenomenology approach was analyzed using the Collaizi method. The results showed five themes related to food taboos for pregnant women: knowledge of pregnant women, types of food taboos for pregnant women, cultural background, family and social environment perceptions and efforts of pregnant women to prevent SEZs from occurring. In conclusion, food restrictions in pregnant women are one of the triggering factors for KEK, which are influenced by the culture that is owned by the family and passed down from their ancestors. 
 Keywords: Mother, Pregnancy, Chronic Energy Deficiency, Food Restrictions

Performance of the school-based human papillomavirus vaccine uptake in Tshwane, South Africa.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is an effective preventive measure against HPV infection and HPV-associated cervical cancer. South Africa introduced its HPV vaccination programme in 2014. The authors assessed the uptake of HPV vaccine in the school-based HPV vaccination programme in Tshwane Health District for the year 2019 and compared the vaccine uptake (VU) between fee-paying and no-fee public schools. The study method was cross-sectional, using routine electronic health records of the HPV vaccination programme. The study population included all Grade 4 school-girls between the ages of 9 and 14 years who attended public schools in 2019 in the Tshwane Health District. The pooled VU for the Tshwane Health District was 72.0%, considerably lower than the target of 80.0%. The number of girls who received dose one and dose two in 2019 was 16 122 (73.0%) and 15 734 (71.0%), respectively, excluding the catch-up figures. In addition, 82.2% of fee-paying schools achieved VU of above 80% versus 65.5% of no-fee schools (p = 0.022). The lower than target levels of VU for HPV among girls in Tshwane Health District, particularly in those attending no-fee schools, is concerning. Interventions should be adopted to optimise programme performance so as to achieve the target VU of 80%. This study showed the need to strengthen sensitisation and social mobilisation efforts, particularly among no-fee schools to improve the VU.

The forms and adverse effects of insecurities among internally displaced children in Ethiopia

BackgroundEthiopia has seen an increase in the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) due to conflict and violence related to border-based disputes and climate change. This study examines the insecurities experienced by IDPs in the Burayu camp and how they navigate and challenge them. Violence and insecurity have daunted Ethiopian regions for decades, violated children’s rights, and impeded the achievement of the United Nation’s sustainable development goals related to children, such as good healthcare and mental health, quality education, clean water, and sanitation. The deteriorating security concerns in Ethiopia could also expose IDP children to poor health outcomes associated with a lack of access to healthcare services.MethodsThis was an exploratory qualitative case study guided by intersectionality theoretical lens to explore the forms of insecurities perceived and experienced by IDPs in Ethiopia. Participants were selected using a purposeful sampling approach. We interviewed 20 children, 20 parents or guardians, and 13 service providers. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim in Afan Oromo, then translated into English. We used NVivo 12 qualitative data analysis software to analyze data following Braun & Clarke’s approach to thematic data analysis.ResultsThe participants reported that IDP children in Burayu town faced many challenges related to poor socioeconomic conditions that exposed them to several insecurities and negatively affected their well-being. They reported inadequate access to clothing and shelter, clean water, sanitary facilities, food, and adequate healthcare due to financial barriers, lack of drugs, and quality of care. Our data analysis shows that socioeconomic and contextual factors intersect to determine the health and well-being of children in the Ethiopian IDP camp studied. The children experienced insecurities while navigating their daily lives. This is compounded by institutional practices that shape gender relations, income status, and access to healthcare, education, and food. These deficiencies expose children to traumatic events that could decrease future livelihood prospects and lead to compromised mental health, rendering them susceptible to prolonged post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. Results are presented under the following topics: (1) basic needs insecurity, (2) healthcare insecurity, (3) academic insecurity, (4) economic insecurity, (5) food insecurity, and (6) physical and mental health insecurity.ConclusionSuccessful relocation and reintegration of IDPs would help to alleviate both parent and child post-conflict stressors. Managing and following up on economic reintegration efforts is needed in both the short and long term. Such measures will help to achieve goals for specific projects attached to donor support outcomes, consequently enabling social support and conflict resolution management efforts.

Effect of foreign direct investment on wage inequalities between skilled and unskilled workers in Vietnam

Foreign direct investment (FDI) can bring many benefits to the host country's economy, but not all citizens in that country benefit equally. This study aimed to analyze the impact of FDI on wage inequality between skilled and unskilled workers in Vietnam. The study used an econometric model, applying systematic generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation to panel data from 63 Vietnamese provinces in the period from 2010 to 2018 to analyze the impact of FDI on wage inequality. The empirical results from the econometric models using systematic GMM showed that FDI tends to increase wage inequality in localities. The results of this study suggest that to ensure sustainable development, policies to attract and use FDI need to be linked with social security policies and efforts to reduce wage inequality. Based on the research results, the study proposes some policy implications to minimize the negative impact of FDI on wage inequality in Vietnam.

Changes in social lives and loneliness during COVID-19 among older adults: a closer look at the sociodemographic differences.

The COVID-19 pandemic greatly impacted the social lives of older adults across several areas, leading to concern about an increase in loneliness. This study examines the associations of structural, functional, and quality aspects of social connection with increased loneliness during COVID-19 and how these associations vary by sociodemographic factors. Secondary data analyses on a nationally representative survey of older US adults. The 2020 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) COVID-19 module. The study sample includes 3,804 adults aged 54 or older. Increased loneliness was based on respondents' self-report on whether they felt lonelier than before the COVID-19 outbreak. While 29% felt lonelier after COVID-19, middle-aged adults, women, non-Hispanic Whites, and the most educated were more likely to report increased loneliness. Not having enough in-person contact with people outside the household was associated with increased loneliness (OR = 10.07, p < .001). Receiving emotional support less frequently (OR = 2.28, p < .05) or more frequently (OR = 2.00, p < .001) than before was associated with increased loneliness. Worse quality of family relationships (OR = 1.85, p < .05) and worse friend/neighbor relationships (OR = 1.77, p < .01) were related to feeling lonelier. Significant interactions indicated stronger effects on loneliness of poor-quality family relationships for women and insufficient in-person contact with non-household people for the middle-aged group and non-Hispanic Whites. Our findings show an increase in loneliness during COVID-19 that was partly due to social mitigation efforts, and also uncover how sociodemographic groups were impacted differently, providing implications for recovery and support.

Social entrepreneurship and intersectionality: Mitigating extreme exclusion

As social enterprises seek to share knowledge, they must navigate social hierarchy. In this study, we examine social enterprises' efforts to share knowledge in rural areas and how they seek to mitigate some of the consequences of women's marginalization during this process. We use a two-step, multi-method approach. We begin with a quantitative study that explores outcomes for women, and how caste and patriarchy influence their ability to adopt new practices introduced by social enterprises. We then draw on data from a seven-year qualitative case study to unpack our quantitative findings and explore the actual mechanisms through which intersectionality shapes the social enterprises' efforts. Our qualitative efforts also uncover how social enterprises' practices, as well as women's activities, can mitigate some of the negative consequences of marginalization, even while the social setting is largely unchanged. We seek to contribute to theory by exploring how social enterprises can potentially mitigate some of the negative consequences of exclusion due to intersectionality.