Social Development Of Country Research Articles

Social Capital in Arab Countries: A Theoretical Perspective

Purpose- This study focuses on social capital, which has gained popularity as a multifaceted concept in economic, political, and social disciplines. There are three social capital dimensions: bonding, bridging, and linking. In this study, we focus on bonding and bridging social capital due to their implications for individuals, the community, and the country. We examine bonding social capital in the Arab Middle East countries, taking the region's economic social, and political composition into account. Methodology- Building on data from the World Values Survey, we examine different proxies of both social capital dimensions in Arab countries. We aim to facilitate an understanding of different social capital dimensions and comprehend their implications for the social, political, and economic development of Arab countries. Conclusion- The emphasis of traditional economic theories has shifted from orthodox factors of production to the importance of factors such as an educated workforce, and sociocultural factors such as a country's social development, and cultural structure, in addition to factors such as social interactions, social capital, trust, cooperation, and tolerance.

Assessment of the university entrepreneurial potential (comparative analysis)

Relevance. The relevance of the study is due to the need to conduct a comparative analysis of the Kazakhstan�s universities with entrepreneurial universities from the leading countries of the world in order to assess their entrepreneurial potential.Purpose. This article is aimed at identifying the universal criteria that define the concept of entrepreneurial university, with the help of which it is possible to assess how a university corresponds to the definition of entrepreneurial university, as well as to make assessment of the universities� entrepreneurial potential.Methodology. The method of analyzing economic processes is the leading approach to the study of this problem, which allows considering in details the significant events and trends in the economic and social development of countries that has occurred as a result of implementation of the idea of entrepreneurial universities. In addition, the following research methods were used: online questioning of experts, comparative analysis, work with sources, system analysis, logical analysis, methods of synthesis and deduction.Results. In this article, there are the results of the study: it has been identified the universal criteria that define the concept of entrepreneurial university, with the help of which it is possible to assess how a university meets this definition; it has been conducted an online survey of experts to assess the compliance of universities in Kazakhstan, the USA, Germany and India with the criteria of entrepreneurial university; it has been carried out a comparative analysis of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial universities of these countries based on the data identified during the analysis; it has been given the general recommendations on the formation and development of entrepreneurial university.Conclusions. The materials of this article are valuable for science, as they contain recommendations for the formation and development of entrepreneurial university, based on the experience of the leading countries in this field, and in addition, it has been described the universal criteria for entrepreneurial university that will help in determining its entrepreneurial potential.

Bibliometría y Cienciometría, conocimiento y práctica indispensables para los estudiantes de ciencias médicas

During the last century there has been a spectacular increase in scientific production at international and national level, as well as its compilation in automated bibliographic databases, whose results have great influence on the economic and social development of countries, which demands the quantification and evaluation of scientific and technological activity, its results and yields. Bibliometrics and scientometrics are increasingly positioned as essential disciplines to measure the results of science, and despite this, not all members of the student scientific community recognize them as necessary in the information and communications era, as a way to improve and bring to higher levels the excellence in the student research process and its impact on scientific publications. Bibliometrics studies the quantitative aspects of the production, dissemination and use of recorded information, to which end it develops mathematical models and measurements that, in turn, serve to make forecasts and decisions about these processes. For its part, scientometrics studies the quantitative aspects of science as a discipline or economic activity, is part of the sociology of science, and finds application in the establishment of scientific policies, where it includes, among others, those of publication.

Research on the Impact of the "Belt and Road" Initiative on Energy Prices

The introduction of the "Belt and Road" initiative has played a significant driving role, propelling the economic and social development of countries along its route. Energy resources stand as pivotal elements for the economies, core industries, and crucial revenue sources of nations along the "Belt and Road," and fluctuations in their prices inevitably impact policy planning, infrastructure, institutional arrangements, and financial investments among these countries. Building upon this context, this paper first outlines the current energy situation of countries along the "Belt and Road," and, in conjunction with regional energy trade and energy industry characteristics, comprehensively and systematically evaluates the influencing factors of energy price fluctuations under the "Belt and Road" initiative. Based on the analysis above, this paper proposes measures to enhance price competitiveness and provides an outlook on China's future energy pricing situation. This study's holistic analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on energy prices in countries along the "Belt and Road" initiative will, to a certain extent, contribute to the theoretical research on regional energy consumption, offering theoretical guidance for the sustainable development of energy in Chinese cities.

New Developmentalism: What Do We Know and Where Are We Going?

Studies focusing on the theory of New Developmentalism have been growing in recent years. This has happened since the great crisis of Neoliberalism in 2008, which pointed to the exhaustion of the financial-rentier Neoliberal model as a solution to issues related to the development of countries. Based on this diagnosis, we proposed a bibliometric analysis that shows the past, the present, and the future possibilities (trends) within the field of New Developmentalism. For the execution of this Bibliometrics, we searched for the articles published and indexed in the Web of Science and Scopus databases using the search term "New Developmentalism". The result pointed to 749 published articles. The search used the term in all the search fields available in the databases, excluding no possibilities. These data were treated in “Biblioshiny” within the RStudio software and the results were analyzed to generate a mapping of the field of study. The results of this study show that this is still a new field of study and that it needs a lot of research to reach maturity. An even more evident gap is the scarcity of studies that address the macroeconomic prices important for the growth of national economies, as pointed out by the New Developmentalism Theory of Brasser-Pereira. In this gap, we identify arguments contrary to the theory that need to be addressed and empirically researched to be accepted or refuted. By working this gap, we would bring light to points not yet explored and enrich the discussions. The problem of the role of the State as a promoter of the conditions for the economic development of countries, in contrast to the Neoliberalism that advocates a minimal State, is also an aspect little explored by empirical articles, requiring further study. Another important point that needs to be addressed is the incorporation of the ecological and social agenda, especially that of income distribution in the studies of the application of the New Developmentalism Theory. In this gap, the inclusion of the third sector in the New Developmentalism Theory as an agent distinct from the State and the Market could be a solution and an innovation. The third sector's principle is to promote and bring about structural changes in society that are very important for the economic and social development of countries. This inclusion helps in the expansion of income distribution and social development processes that the State, based on rules (Bureaucracy), and the Market, based on profit (competition), are unable to accomplish. We also identify the need for a more particularized delineation of the identification of New Developmentalism Theory, generating a label that does not confuse with other theories. Thus, we seek to contribute to the field of study by showing the advances made so far and pointing out directions that can be followed by other researchers who wish to expand the study of New Developmentalism Theory.

Toward carbon neutrality: How will environmental regulatory policies affect corporate green innovation?

Carbon neutrality achievement has had a major transformative effect on the economic and social development of countries and regions. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of environmental regulation policies in promoting institutional dividends and seeks to examine the relationship between environmental regulatory policies and green innovation development through the lens of green patents. Panel data from industrial enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2019 were used in this research, which employed fixed-effect and media-effect models to investigate the impacts and mechanisms of various types of environmental regulatory tools on corporate green innovation. The results showed that different types of environmental regulation tools have varying effects on corporate green innovation. Specifically, command-based and market-oriented environmental regulations have a positive “U-shaped” impact, whereas voluntary environmental regulations have an inverted “U-shaped” impact. Furthermore, it was found that the “innovation compensation effect” generated by the implementation of environmental regulation policies has a greater positive impact than the negative impact of the “compliance cost effect.” Additionally, geographical location and enterprise ownership play a role in determining the impact of environmental regulations on corporate green innovation. These findings emphasize the importance of strengthening environmental regulatory policies to achieve regional carbon-neutral development. Our research provides recommendations and ideas for better achieving this goal.

ПРЯМІ ІНОЗЕМНІ ІНВЕСТИЦІЇ ЯК ФАКТОР ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ СИНГАПУРУ

The article examines the impact of foreign direct investment on the economic development of Singapore. Known for its successful model of an innovative economy, Singapore attracts a significant amount of FDI. This article analyzes the role of foreign direct investment in strengthening economic stability and increasing the country's competitiveness. It examines the impact of foreign investment on aspects such as increasing production capacity, developing infrastructure, improving the quality of education and research, creating new jobs and supporting innovative projects. Additionally, the author also examines the strategies Singapore uses to attract foreign direct investment, including creating a favorable investment climate, providing tax incentives, grants and subsidies to attract FDI, as well as grants and schemes to support innovation, research and development (R&D) and technology adoption. It analyzes priority industries that attract foreign investment, such as financial services, technology, biotechnology, logistics and tourism. The author uses several economic indicators, such as GDP, government spending, consumption, unemployment, inflation, to justify the impact of foreign direct investment on the economic level of the country. The regression analysis was performed and the results of the model show that foreign direct investment has a significant impact on the economic development of Singapore, contributing to the creation of a stable economic environment, the attraction of technological innovation and the acceleration of the country's social development. The level of private sector consumption also turned out to be significant, as well as the level of macroeconomic instability and government spending. The results of the study can serve as a basis for further research and strategic planning in the field of attracting foreign direct investment in Singapore. The article has implications for researchers, policy makers and the business community who are interested in understanding the role of foreign direct investment in the development of countries with high levels of economic development.

Applying seasonal time series modeling to forecast marine fishery landings for six species in the Colombian Pacific Ocean

Marine fisheries are keystone components of the industrial and social development of countries. Management of marine resources requires forecasting skills to support best decisions for the sustainability of fishery resources and food security under different environmental, social and political scenarios. In this study, we aimed at forecasting the landings of six marine fish species in the Colombian Pacific Ocean (CPO) from 2020 to 2024, using monthly time series from 2012 to 2020 provided by SEPEC (Servicio Estadístico Pesquero Colombiano), the Colombian governmental authority in charge of aquaculture and fisheries. These forecasts consisted of building, fitting and evaluating SARIMA models (Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average), since all of the time series were non-stationary. We focused on evaluating the average percent change of landings between the historical and the forecast periods exclusively on peak landing months. The main results suggested that the landings of the Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacores) will decrease by 14% until 2024, those of the Skipjack tuna (Katsunowus pelamis) by 20% until 2022, and those of the Spotted snapper (Lutjanus peru) by 28% until 2023. The forecast landings of the Cachema weakfish (Cynoscion phoxocephalus) and the Red snapper (Lutjanus peru) showed constant increases until 2024, by 1.5 and 0.85 tons per year on average respectively, and those of the Pink grouper (Hyporthodus acanthistius) showed no trends until 2024. These results are the first approach to a multi-species forecast of marine fishery landings in the Colombian Pacific Ocean using a SARIMA model, and their implications must be carefully interpreted for decision making towards the sustainability of fishery resources.

Türkiye’de Kamu Eğitim Harcamaları ile Ekonomik Büyüme İlişkisi Üzerine Uygulamalı Bir Çalışma

Bir ülkenin gelişmişlik düzeyi o ülkenin eğitim düzeyi ile yakın ilişki içerisindedir. Eğitim ülkelerin gerek ekonomik gerekse sosyal açıdan gelişmesine katkı sunmaktadır. Günümüzde mal ve hizmet üretiminde yaşanan hızlı değişime uyum sağlama kapsamında eğitimin ve eğitime yapılacak harcamaların önemi artmaktadır. Eğitim harcamaları kısa dönemde cari nitelikli bir harcama kalemi iken uzun dönemde yatırım niteliğinde bir harcama kalemine dönüşmektedir. Bu niteliğinden dolayı eğitim harcamaları kalkınma carileri olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Eğitim, yarı kamusal mal ve hizmet olarak hem kamu kesimi hem de özel kesim tarafından sunulabilen bir hizmet özelliği taşımaktadır. Eğitim hizmeti, sunulduğunda toplumsal faydası bireysel faydasından büyük sunulmadığında ise toplumsal maliyeti bireysel maliyetinden daha yüksek olmaktadır. Bu özelliğinden dolayı eğitim hizmetinin etkin olarak sunumu kamu tarafından gerçekleştirilmektedir. Bu nedenlerden dolayı kamu tarafından yapılan eğitim harcamaları önem arz etmektedir. Bu kapsamda çalışmada Türkiye’nin 1990-2020 dönemine ait yıllık veriler kullanılarak kamu eğitim harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişkinin olup olmadığı sınır (ARDL) testi ile araştırılmıştır. Test sonucundan elde edilen bulgulara göre söz konusu iki değişken arasında uzun dönemli bir eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin olduğu ve kamu eğitim harcamalarındaki artışın ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif olarak etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Diğer bir ifadeyle kamu eğitim harcamalarında meydana gelecek %1’lik bir artışın ekonomik büyümeyi %0,74 oranında artırdığı görülmektedir.

Legal Regulation of Youth Civic Participation in Russia and European Union

Youth in scientific and practical discourse is considered as a promising demographic group that is able to determine the economic and social development of countries and regions. Creating an environment for constructive civic participation of young people, their involvement in solving socially significant issues in many countries of the world is becoming one of the key directions of state policy. In this case, youth policy should be a tool for the formation of consciousness and socially acceptable patterns of behavior of the younger generation, corresponding to the direction of long-term development set by the state. The purpose of the article is to identify national accents regarding civic participation in the context of the formation of a culture of citizenship of the younger generation, mechanisms for achieving goals in this direction that exist in the regulatory discourse of Russia and the European Union countries. We were based on an institutional approach to assessing the regulatory regulation of the activities of the authorities of the Russian Federation and the governments of the EU countries in relation to the civic participation of young people, applied legal analysis and a comparison method. The analysis of regulatory regulation was carried out according to the following parameters: characteristics of regulatory legal acts, a brief description of their structure and content; definition of civil participation and its forms; identification of substantive directions and goals; definition of subjectivity. The sources of information were regulatory and legal acts of the EU and the Russian Federation, conceptually defining the essence of youth policy, as well as unofficial legal information. The study revealed that the place of citizenship culture is clearly defined in the EU normative discourse, the need to expand and improve the qualitative characteristics of civic participation of young Europeans is justified and supported by concrete decisions. The place and significance of civic participation of young people is not clearly defined in the normative field of regulation of youth policy of the Russian Federation. With the priority of social types of youth participation, the subjectivity of youth as a civic participation in managerial and political decision-making is not conceptualized and, accordingly, is not supported in practice. The activation of civic participation of young people today is not among the state priorities of youth policy, more important in the normative and legal discourse of this policy are the problems of professional self-determination, preservation of health, public safety and strengthening of the institution of the family.

Исследование стратегий перевода модных интернет-словечек на русский язык в 2021 году с точки зрения межкультурной коммуникации

The development of Internet technology has given birth to network buzzwords ex-pressing meanings in specific network media. Such language forms have increasingly appeared, reflecting a country's popular culture to a certain extent, besides, which has become a prism reflecting the country's social development. In order to improve the ef-fect of cross-cultural communication, better serve cross-cultural communication, and translate network buzzwords vividly and appropriately, translators must adopt appro-priate translation strategies based on the timeliness, entertainment, and simplicity of online buzzwords, furthermore, accurately and authentically translate Chinese Internet buzzwords on the premise of retaining the local cultural characteristics, thereby pro-moting in-depth communication of Chinese and Russian network culture. The goal of this paper is to analyze the origin and dissemination of Internet buzzwords from the perspective of cross-cultural communication, to define the concept of Internet buzzwords, to explore its origin, to analyze its phenotypic characteristics, and to try to find translation strategies for Chinese Internet buzzwords. This paper draws the follow-ing conclusions: The generation of Chinese Internet buzzwords has profound cultural roots, and it relies on new network media in the process of dissemination. In order to make cross-cultural communication more effective, in the process of translating Chi-nese online buzzwords, appropriate translation strategies should be flexibly selected according to the specific context and semantics.

Experiential, Entertainment, and Aesthetics Marketing in Cultural Brand Positioning: an Empirical Study in Aguascalientes, Mexico

Abstract Experiential marketing, entertainment marketing, and aesthetic marketing are topics of wide interest in the social, economic, and business sciences. The literature shows that experiential, entertainment, and aesthetic marketing are related to different disciplines, in addition, theoretical and empirical studies have shown their importance in various sectors. There is a broad consensus in the scientific, academic, and professional community on the importance of applying these three versions of marketing in different commercial sectors, especially in those that contribute to the economic and social development of countries. However, most existing studies have neglected the cultural sector, an important sector for social and economic development. Therefore, the objective of this research is to analyze, empirically, the influence of experiential, entertainment, and aesthetic marketing on the positioning of a cultural brand in Aguascalientes, Mexico, a prone place to the study of the cultural sector. This study used a sample of 427 people, the data analysis was through of Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results show that experiential, entertainment, and aesthetic marketing have a positive and significative influence on cultural brand positioning. JEL classification numbers: M21, M30, M31. Keywords: Experiential, entertainment, and aesthetic marketing.

On the Evolution of Republican Democracy

The paper is devoted to the process of penetration of democratic ideas and principles of state building in Europe, that is considered using examples from the past. Various forms of democracy are presented in the composition of the aristocratic, bourgeois estates, as well as all citizens, and the stability of such democracies is considered. The reasons for the emergence of democracies, as well as the mechanisms of their destruction are discussed. Also, the paper discusses the principles of the state structure of modern developed democracies and countries of the developing world - imperfect democracies, where republican institutions to a greater extent imitate their democratic counterparts. Based on statistical data, assumptions about the nature of changes in the social structure of such states in the direction of their greater democratization are presented. To analyze the trends in the social development of countries, a fifteen-year period of crisis-free development of the world economy at the beginning of the 21st century was chosen. It is noted that in a number of imperfect democracies two economies are being formed, a modern one, where the owners of assets are oligarchs, and an archaic one, where the bulk of the poor are employed. In the final part of the work the nature of the destruction of oligarchic rule is considered. In particular, these are the processes of expansion of the modern innovative economy into marginal geographical areas and industries of countries. The growth in the capitalization of assets, the increase in the number and wealth of their owners and top managers leads to increased competition and to the suppression of the influence of individual oligarchic clans. New groups of the low-income population are being drawn into production. The number and wealth of the middle class is growing. Increases his ability to participate in political life. We can talk about the tendencies of strengthening democracy and development of republican institutions in many countries of the world. Particular attention is paid to the conditions for the transition of oligarchic imperfect democracies to authoritarian regimes.

INNOVATIONS IN THE EDUCATIONAL SPACE IN TAJIKISTAN

This article is about the Innovation of the educational space in Tajikistan. The article emphasizes that education in the modern world is becoming the most important resource for the economic and social development of countries, improving the welfare and individual development of citizens. The authors also note that despite the support of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan and the annual growth of budget funding, negative trends continue to develop in the system of higher professional education and there are problems, the solution of which will significantly increase the efficiency of the higher education system and bring qualitative and quantitative indicators closer to the requirements of the labor market.

Assess the Roles of Film Development Policy in the Field of Vietnamese Cinema

Film development policy as well as other public policies are identified as tools for social management and administration of each country and each local. This policy covers a wide range of contents in many specialized fields of activity and plays a variety of roles in the country's social development administration. In this study, the author focuses on analyzing the role of film development policy through the two most basic contents of each public policy, and in this case: Directing and development regulating the role of cinema; Attracting subjects' participation role for cinematography. The research objective is to analyze and properly evaluate the actual situation and the role of cinema development policy in the development of Vietnamese cinema in the current period. By qualitative research method (through the synthesis of secondary documents) combined with quantitative research method (through surveying opinions of 170 managers of 21 film organizations in Vietnam). The author draws this research conclusion: Vietnam's film development policy has not yet promoted its role in attracting subjects' participation to develop cinema. These research findings are not only meaningful for the author in professional activities but also provide more scientific information for policy-making activities in the field of cinema in Vietnam.

Socio-demographic factors of social development in the conditions of post-global reality

The article considers the system-wide impact of socio-demographic factors in the social development of countries and regions in the context of post-global reality. It is emphasized that modern demographic changes are the result of global transformation processes. The permanent relationship of demographic processes with climate change on the planet, the emergence and spread of new infectious diseases, the development of digital technologies, etc. is shown. The meaning of the concept of “post-global reality” is clarified in terms of the uniqueness of modern conditions of social development, in which the desire of a person and society for “openness” is traced in the conditions of growing “social closeness” and “social tension”, which indicates the limited possibilities of society in regulating sociodemographic processes. It is concluded that the spread of new infectious diseasesin the 21st century, especially the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, has contributed to the emergence of new groups of problems associated with a deterioration in health status, an increase in mortality, a decrease in the reproductive and labor potential of the population. The authors substantiate the formation of the concept of “global determinism” in terms of the role of socio-demographic factors in the social development of countries and regions in the context of post-global reality. Among the most influential concepts that contribute to its development are “geographical determinism”, “economic determinism” and actually “demographic determinism”. Based on the materials of a sociological study, it is shown that new external and internal challenges and new crises of a systemic order in the 21st century contribute to social upheaval and profound transformations. It was revealed that the sustainability of social development in the focus of public opinion is directly related to effective public administration and regulation, the effectiveness of national security strategies and strategies for the socio-economic and socio-demographic development of countries and regions.

Соціально-демографічна криза в Україні внаслідок війни: стан, наслідки та шляхи подолання

The article is devoted to the study of the demographic situation that developed in Ukraine during the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation. The authors revealed the demographic problems caused by Russia's military aggression and determined the prospects of the main indicators. The demographic situation is an integral indicator of the country's social development, which reflects its economic, social-psychological and moral state. It has been determined that the war entails an increase in the mortality rate, a decrease in the birth rate, and a deterioration in the state of health, in particular due to stress, untimely treatment, and the unavailability of quality medical care.

Systematic review of lean thinking in education institutions

The economy, culture, and social development of countries in the 21st century are directly related to the quality of education. For education to have expected quality and deliver the desired values to their client, many educational institutions are applying Lean management. Therefore, the paper aimed to explore the Lean implementation in education through a systematic review of papers from the past five years, in English and the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The methodology was developed using the PRISMA protocol and has been according to the type of approach, place of analysis, tools, facilitators, barriers, positive results, negative results, and the tendency of future work. The main results found were that 69.57% of the papers are analytical, LSS is the most discussed tool, the reduction is the main facilitator, the lack of Lean knowledge is the main barrier, and the attendance to the student obtained the best positive result.

Evaluation of the thermodynamic analysis of hydrogen production from a middle-temperature intensity solar collector, a case study

In today, the basic necessity for the economic and social development of countries is to have a cheap, reliable, sustainable, and environmentally friendly energy source. For this reason, renewable energy sources stand out as the most important key. Solar energy-based multi-energy generation systems are one of the most important options among the current scenarios to prevent global warming. In this presented study, electricity and hydrogen production from a solar collector with medium temperature density is investigated. In this system, 34 pipes evacuated tube solar collector (ETSC) is used for thermal energy generation, organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for electricity generation, and Proton exchanger membrane electrolyzer (PEMe) for hydrogen production. In addition, the energy and exergy efficiencies of the whole system calculated as 51.82% and 16.30%, respectively. Moreover, the amount of hydrogen obtained in PEM is measured as 0.00527 kg/s.

Optimal Control Problem for Cholera Disease and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Cholera is a disease that continues to be a threat to public health globally and is an indicator of inequity and lack of social development in countries. For this reason, strategies for its control need to be investigated. In this work, an optimal control problem related to cholera disease was formulated by introducing personal protection, drug treatment and water sanitation as control strategies. First, the existence and characterization of controls to minimize the performance index or cost function was proved by using classic control theory. Then, the theoretical results were validated with numerical experiments by using data reported in the literature. Finally, the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed controls were determined through a cost-effectiveness analysis. The results showed that the use of the three controls simultaneously is the cheapest and most effective strategy to control the disease.