Social Construction Of Women Research Articles

Dampak Stigma Masyarakat Bagi Keluarga Yang Belum Memiliki Anak di Desa Sungai Besar Kabupaten Lingga

A woman's nature is to conceive and give birth. So when they get married they are required to have children. When they do not have children, there are stigmas that society gives to these women without seeing the cause. Such as barren women and less perfect women. This is called prejudice because it is not based on adequate knowledge, experience or evidence. Such conditions are inseparable from the social construction of women's gender roles, when a woman does not get pregnant, she will be stigmatized and reprimanded by family and society. Society will more often give a negative label to married couples who do not have children, especially to women who are the center of motherhood without seeing the causal factors or conditions that are being experienced by the married couple. In this study, researchers used qualitative research, with the research location in Sungai Besar Village, Lingga Regency. Determination of informants by pupose sampling, namely a sample that is chosen deliberately by considering that the selected informants are considered capable of providing the information needed. The informants in this study totaled sixteen informants, informants from married couples who did not have children, families and the community of Sungai Besar Village, Lingga Regency. This research was conducted to find out the impact of community stigma for married couples who do not have children. The theory used in this study is the theory of stigma by explaining the form of stigma and self-concept and the view of society by Erving Goffman. The results showed that there is an impact of community stigma for married couples who do not have children in Sungai Besar Village, Lingga Regency. Community stigma is inseparable from the process of detection and community interaction. The causes of stigma are patriarchal culture in society, education level, age, gender, and social conditions.
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Female paramedics' attitudes towards career progression in the ambulance service

Background: Women's historic under-representation in paramedic roles in the London Ambulance Service (LAS) has recently improved, and women and men are equally represented in paramedic roles. However, the gender balance of advanced paramedic practitioners in critical care in the LAS remains unequal, with women constituting only 15.1% of this group. Aims: This study aimed to gather the views of female paramedics to gain some insight into potential reasons for this under-representation. Methods: A feminist pragmatic approach was taken. Qualitative, open-ended surveys were distributed via internal social media and bulletins. These surveys underwent primary thematic analysis to generate lines of enquiry that informed semi-structured interview questions. The questions were then posed to a maximum variation, purposeful sample of six women from the LAS. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. Findings: Ninety-four women responded to the survey; six were sampled for interviews. The women varied by experience, clinical grade, age, work location and societal factors, including whether they were mothers and the number of children they had. A main overarching theme was ‘social construction of women and career progression within the ambulance service’. This was informed by three interrelated subthemes of ‘caregiving lifestyle’, ‘perceptions of self’ and ‘gender stereotypes’. Conclusion: Women in the ambulance service have unique challenges that mirror those in wider society. Social constructs may impose unconscious bias and pressures that prevent women from advancing. Organisational structures and the cultural norms of the LAS may require adapting to improve the gender balance of the workforce and therefore the service it delivers.

Digital Novels: A Recycled Advertisement about the Old Social Construction of Women’s Identity

21st-century digital novels, accessible through mobile apps like Webnovel, Dreame, and Play Books, commonly depict women characters as powerless, impoverished stepdaughters or illegitimate children. These prevalent themes in digital novels often reinforce patriarchal norms and present themes of fathers' financial struggles and indebtedness to wealthy families resulted to contract marriage or planned marriage. Employing the approach of feminist literary criticism, this study aims to examine how these novels uphold antiquated perceptions of women's identity. Through the reading strategy of feminist literary criticism is revealed that these digital novels represented the old construction about women identity, perpetuating the idea that women are powerless and financially dependent on men. From the setting of the novel, we know that the offered themes were not only occurred in eastern culture but also in western culture. They depict women as inanimate objects, lacking agency and voice. The narratives promote patriarchy by portraying male power and oppression as protection, often emphasizing material wealth. This notion is strategically disseminated through digital novels, targeting the millennial generation who have easy access to digital media. Consequently, younger women may internalize these ideas and accept their subjugated role. Instead, digital novels should empower women to navigate patriarchal constraints and depict men who respect and support women's autonomy, challenging traditional gender norms. While the study employs feminist literary criticism as the reading strategy, it's important to acknowledge that different theoretical frameworks or approaches may provide alternative interpretations of the novels. Recognizing the limitations and potential biases of the chosen methodology could lead to a more balanced analysis.

The Discursive Construction of the Thousand Women Program in Brazil

This article analyzes the assumptions and logic of the Programa Mulheres Mil (Thousand Women Program) in Brazil, observing the formation of the network of actors involved and the programs’ instruments. The study used qualitative research, guided by critical discourse analysis. The results help to understand that the logic of the problem – connecting poverty to a lack of education and unfair training opportunities – contributed to justifying and legitimizing the policy instrument. The program’s unexpected effects are closely related to the social construction of women. Based on the methodology, its rules are mechanisms supporting and maintaining the inequalities and asymmetrical power relations observed within the program. Therefore, although the program has a relevant role for social inclusion, it presents significant limitations regarding gender equity and the promotion of social justice, which requires a serious political debate on the initiative’s effects, challenges, and opportunities. The PMM is a compensatory policy designed to develop and disseminate an instrument with assumptions and logic that operate more as a self-legitimation strategy than an integrated solution to public services. We suggest following the beneficiaries’ life project and adopting a structure separated into modules as strategies to overcome the challenges observed in this research. A structure based on modules would meet the needs of women who desire educational inclusion, offering the possibility of education leveling so those who want can continue schooling.

Gender-sensitive Portrayal in Cartoon Shows for Preschoolers: A Critical Analysis of Masha and the Bear

Most of the studies on children’s programming conducted in America or India, indicating an unbalanced and stereotypical gender representation, remain limited to those on older children. The present study explores if cartoon shows for preschoolers resort to the counter-hegemonic portrayal of male/female characters, and if thereby have any scope for representation of gender fluidity within it. Consequently, it also attempts to discern the ways in which interpersonal relationships between the protagonists, and between the protagonist(s) and the secondary character(s) portray any ‘dominant/submissive’ dichotomies. Drawing on Bandura’s ‘Social Learning Theory’ and de Beauvoir’s notion of the social construction of women as the ‘other’, this study presents the results of textual analysis and Critical Discourse Analysis of a popular Russian cartoon show ‘Masha and the Bear’ (M&TB) telecast on Nick Jr. The study findings indicate more gender-sensitive representation in the show for preschoolers than those for the older children. Bearing the tropes of Soviet Russian egalitarian and cultural traits, the characters of M&TB portray non-binary gender roles compared to their American or Indian counterparts.

Mediaciones transversales en la construcción social de las mujeres ejecutivas

Texto justificado en investigación teórica acerca de las mediaciones que reciben las mujeres ejecutivas de alta gerencia a lo largo de su vida y su entretejido en el camino de la crianza, relación con instituciones y medios de comunicación, con el objetivo de exponer las mediaciones de la familia, organización y medios de comunicación, así como su repercusión en la construcción social de las mujeres. El método de selección de las investigaciones incluidas fue a través de la pertinencia con el tema y la representación de las mujeres que actualmente ocupan los puestos ejecutivos. La mediación de la familia y la organización son fundamentales en la construcción social de la mujer de alta gerencia. Los medios de comunicación ocupan una relevancia distinta en el proceso, afectando en la creación de estereotipos disonantes entre la femineidad y el liderazgo.

The Social Construction of Female Futsal Players in Surabaya

Women face many barriers, discrimination, and stereotypes to participate in a worldwide sport. This research aims to figure out the social construction of women's futsal players on futsal by using Peter L. Berger’s theory of social construction. Women stuck in the cultural taboos that prevent them from freely involved in futsal. Society in general often sees women as aliens in futsal. In the patriarchal society of Indonesia, futsal is seen to be suitable for men, but not for women. This research is qualitative research involving a descriptive analysis. Data were collected through interviews and observations. This research was conducted in Surabaya with female futsal players as the informants. The findings indicated several variations of the social construction of female futsal players through a process of objectification, dialectics externalization, and internalization on futsal. Female futsal players disagreed with the identification of sports with men.

Kepemimpinan Perempuan dalam Pesantren

This paper was made with the aim to find out how women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools organizations, and acceptance of them. In general, the founding of a boarding school has never been found where the caregivers are primarily women, even though they have more scientific capacity. Some Islamic boarding schools are cared for by women as limited successors. Islamic boarding schools are Islamic education institutions, the social construction of women in Islamic boarding schools is inseparable from the Islamic view of women. Not a few Islamic boarding schools whose daughter's activities are more advanced. Not a few managers of Islamic boarding schools where female carers' abilities are better. This paper is a descriptive analytical study of the phenomenon of women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools, with qualitative field studies. The results showed that women's leadership in Islamic boarding schools had the same chance of success, there were no substantive obstacles, because technically it could be covered by the Board of Directors, but female leaders in Islamic boarding schools were perceived as temporary and merely successors. The characteristics of women's leadership have a lot of relevance to the style of pesantren traditionalism, which is authoritative charismatic. The benefits of female leadership in Islamic boarding schools are to counter the Islamic stereotypical ideas about women.

Violências cotidianas: a fotografia experimental como registro artístico de ações de empoderamento feminino

O presente artigo aborda questões geradas a partir da produção de uma série de fotografias experimentais com viés feminista. Tendo como tema central ações que visam acolher e empoderar as mulheres, levantam-se questionamentos sobre a construção social do feminino. Nesse processo, são utilizados recursos de fotografia analógica de forma experimental, propondo aproximações com o trabalho fotográfico de Adriana Lestido, assim como articular estudos das autoras Maria Lygia Quartim de Moraes e Simone de Beauvoir.

Unblurring the lines: a qualitative exploration of young women’s opinions on popular music

Music is an important part of the human experience, arguably contributing to identity and the formation of relationships and group memberships. However, the way women are portrayed in music has been identified as harmful and disempowering. Past research relating music to these trends has often failed to “give voice” to participants by asking them what think about the music they listen to, which is in itself disempowering. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain an understanding of young women’s perspectives of popular music. Face-to-face, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 young women. Causal layered analysis was used to deconstruct participants’ understandings of popular music. Findings revealed that for participants, music can both reflect and contribute to conflicting worldviews regarding women’s freedom of expression and sexual conservatism. Music also acted as a conduit for discussion of the social construction of women; participants articulated that female artists are seen rather than heard, reduced to body parts and commodified. Findings indicate that participants are cognizant of gendered power differences in music, rendering popular music in particular a mechanism for the oppression of women, but also a useful means to monitor and challenge problematic cultural attitudes directed at women.

They’re Not Mean Girls If They Are Adult Women: Reality Television’s Construction of Women’s Identity and Interpersonal Aggression

Drawing on a first-hand account from co-author and participant in a recent season of a popular romance-based reality TV show, this study considers how such shows construct and reinforce stereotypes about women’s relational dynamics with men and other women. It is argued that through careful production and gender scripting, these typologies are situated within a hierarchy of women’s relational interaction that normalizes aggression and bullying among adult women, reframing the ‘mean girl’ from an undesirable role to one that is portrayed as a normal and empowering role for adult women, especially in service of the pursuit of a male partner. The implications of this transformation extend to other women who are portrayed as ‘the other’ and as a result often subordinately positioned in the relational hierarchy reflected on the show. Implications for future research on gender scripts in popular media, the social construction of women’s relational dynamics, and manifestations of covert and overt bullying in these dynamics are discussed.

Hymenoplasty, Virginity Testing, and the Simulacrum of Female Respectability

AbstractThis article situates Egyptian political protesters’ battles over the state’s “virginity testing” in the ethnographic context of cultural beliefs about the hymen and women’s moral purity, based on ethnographic research, formal interviews with laypeople and physicians, and an examination of Egyptian court rulings and revolutionary graffiti. The use of hymens in social and political theater can only be understood by appreciating that a woman’s hymen, her sexual purity, and thus her social respectability are all simulacra, in the Baudrillardian sense: a substitution of the signs of the real for the real, and which are thus more real than real. This article analyzes hymens and graffiti as memory objects that construct idealized moral histories and that open up possibilities for creative maneuvers in the social construction of women’s moral identities, drawing on the sensory registers of blood and hymens at the same time that they reveal these to be simulacra.

Re-focusing the gender lens: caregiving women, family roles and HIV/AIDS vulnerability in Lesotho.

Gender and HIV risk have been widely examined in southern Africa, generally with a focus on dynamics within sexual relationships. Yet the social construction of women's lives reflects their broader engagement with a gendered social system, which influences both individual-level risks and social and economic vulnerabilities to HIV/AIDS. Using qualitative data from Lesotho, we examine women's lived experiences of gender, family and HIV/AIDS through three domains: (1) marriage; (2) kinship and social motherhood, and (3) multigenerational dynamics. These data illustrate how women caregivers negotiate their roles as wives, mothers, and household heads, serving as the linchpins of a gendered family system that both affects, and is affected by, the HIV/AIDS epidemic. HIV/AIDS interventions are unlikely to succeed without attention to the larger context of women's lives, namely their kinship, caregiving, and family responsibilities, as it is the family and kinship system in which gender, economic vulnerability and HIV risk are embedded.

Gender, Caste and Matchmaking in Kerala: A Rationale for Dowry

ABSTRACTThe matrilineal castes of northern Kerala consider dowry demeaning and resort to it only in ‘exceptional’ circumstances. In local discourse, dowry is transacted when women are considered ‘old’ by the standards of the marriage market, where over‐age is a condition reached usually on account of what is considered a deficit of a normative conception of femininity. Dowry is practised openly only by poor and socially vulnerable households, as the relatively affluent could mask dowry with hidden compensations. This article explores the ways in which gender mediates matchmaking and generates a residual category of women for whom dowry is openly negotiated. Open negotiation on the margins of the marriage market expose the terms of exchange in ‘respectable’ society, where matchmaking strategies reveal the emphasis placed on conjugality and on caste in the social construction of women's interests and identity. Up to the mid‐twentieth century, matrilineal women derived their identity from their natal families. The political economy of marriage in Kerala brought a new emphasis to bear on conjugality and on caste, which generated new restrictions on women and produced a rationale for dowry.

Mexican Union Women and the Social Construction of Women's Labor Rights

While much has been written about organized labor's role in strengthening democratic rule and citizenship in Latin America, little research has been done on its role in expanding women's citizenship rights. A society's ideas about citizenship and the rights that reflect these ideas are not simply granted by the state. Rather, they result from civil society's continued discourse and struggle with and against the state. For traditionally marginalized members of a society such as women, this organized social discourse and struggle is an essential means of contributing to social dialogue about what citizenship should be and demanding the creation or enforcement of citizenship rights that reflect that dialogue. Union women in Mexico City have promoted changes in union culture and Mexico's federal labor law so that both more effectively protect the fundamental equality of women workers.

Nancy J. Hirschmann on the Social Construction of Women's Freedom

Nancy J. Hirschmann presents a feminist, social constructionist account of women's freedom. Friedman's discussion of Hirschmanns account deals with (1) some conceptual problems facing a thoroughgoing social constructionism; (2) three ways to modify social constructionism to avoid those problems; and (3) an assessment of Hirschmann's version of social constructionism in light of the previous discussion.

Nancy J. Hirschmann on the Social Construction of Women's Freedom

Nancy J. Hirschmann presents a feminist, social constructionist account of women's freedom. Friedman's discussion of Hirschmanns account deals with (1) some conceptual problems facing a thoroughgoing social constructionism; (2) three ways to modify social constructionism to avoid those problems; and (3) an assessment of Hirschmann's version of social constructionism in light of the previous discussion.

Body Work - The Social Construction of Women’s Body ImageBody Work - The Social Construction of Women’s Body Image

Clinical psychologist Sylvia Blood describes how so-called ‘body image research’, which mostly consists of asking women to estimate the size of their body parts, has refocused its gaze away from women with diagnosed eating disorders and towards women in general. Its findings that even ‘asymptomatic’ women tend to overestimate their size has led to the conclusion that most women are ‘body image disturbed’.

The Social Construction of Women and Disordered Eating Patterns.

This investigation examined the impact of the social construction of women on the development of disordered eating. Based on a survey completed by 394 young women from the community, self-silencing of needs and voice, thesuppression of the outward expression of anger, and the internalization of the objectified gaze toward one's own body were found, in multiple regression analyses, to significantly predict scores on eating disorder measures. Together, they explain between 27% and 46% of the variance on these measures. This study supports the need to consider the development of disordered eating within the context of multiple gender-based social constructions.

Part-Time Disabled Lesbian Passing on Roller Blades, or PMS, Prozac, and Essentializing Women's Ailments

This paper discusses the role of the medical and psychiatric systems, as well as the pharmaceutical industry, in the social construction of women's hormonally-related ailments and their treatments. For some marginalised groups, passing as “normal” is a protection strategy against discrimination and maltreatment. Lesbians and invisibly disabled persons are examples of such groups. Given that the reproductive cycle and madness have been linked historically, women suffering from disabling cyclical conditions might also be stigmatised. In this context, the dilemma between seeking treatment versus being labelled psychologically ill is expounded.