Social Communication Platform Research Articles

Advancements in Machine Learning Technologies for Detecting and Addressing Harmful Behaviours in Online Platforms

Abstract: Social engineering attacks, which take use of psychological manipulation rather than technical flaws, represent a serious threat to people, organizations, and society at large. This research paper explores the field of social engineering detection and provides a thorough analysis of current approaches, their efficacy, and the difficulties encountered in spotting and countering these misleading techniques. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the use of machine learning and deep learning technologies to detect and address harmful behaviours such as hate speech, cyberbullying, phishing, and spam on social media and communication platforms. It covers a range of studies and methods, including the application of various algorithms such as Enigma Cipher, Rail Fence Cipher, Convolutional Neural Networks, BiLSTM, decision trees, Logistic Regression, SVM, Naive Bayes, and others. The document highlights ongoing endeavours to tackle the issues posed by harmful activities online through innovative technological advancements, showcasing the continuous evolution in this dynamic field.

Sketch in the contemporary social-communication space: development trends

Introduction. The contemporary stage of mass media development is marked by a change in the genre system. One of the genres that has almost disappeared from traditional media, but actively reacted to the emergence of the network space and became part of it, is undergoing transformational processes, is the sketch. Relevance and goal. Understanding the trends in the development of sketches at the current stage is relevant, as it provides an opportunity to look at the place and role of this genre in the social and communication space in a new way. The purpose of the study is to outline the trends in the functioning of the sketch genre in the contemporary social and communication space. Methodology. The research used the methods of scientific literature analysis, analysis and synthesis, typological analysis, and systematization. The chosen methods made it possible to find out the general features of the development of the sketch genre in the Ukrainian social and communication space. Results. A survey of traditional media showed that today the sketch is almost not presented in them. However, this genre has not completely disappeared, it cannot be classified as marginal. Currently, the sketch is undergoing a process of revival and transformation, reflecting those processes that are characteristic of the contemporary period of development of media activity – the era of post-journalism. Social networks have become a successful platform for its implementation, where this genre acquires a new genre dimension. The most optimal way to realize the genre “status” of a sketch is Facebook – a social communication platform that provides for small-format posts, an active authorial position, which is characteristic of the genre we are considering. The sketch adapts to the conditions of network discourse, so its genre model also changes: the presentation style is simplified, the visual component is strengthened, etc. The communicative approach to writing is also changing: from the genre of a professional sketch, it is transformed into a genre of amateur journalism. Network sketches became the catalyst of a new socio-communication phenomenon – network literature (virtual literature, Internet literature). Sketches “outgrow” the boundaries of social media and find a literary embodiment in individual publications. The modern media space is characterized by the functioning of both traditional types of sketches and the latest forms. Conclusions. Sketches are becoming more and more in demand in the modern social and communication space. This genre adapted to the requirements of the “network” discourse and became an integral part of it.

The Impact of Social Media on Consumer Sentiment

With the wide use of network media, consumers’ information acquisition and communication methods have undergone significant changes. Network media not only provides them with a fast and efficient way to obtain information, but also provides them with a broader social space and communication platform. Therefore, the popularity of social media has brought some negative effects, such as low mood and depression among consumers. This paper will first study the impact of social media operation strategies on consumer sentiment. Secondly, the author will examine how social media self-control affects mood, which includes how users control their emotions and behaviors on social media, and the impact of this self-control on consumer mood. This paper will discuss and study through the research methods of psychology and sociology. Finally, this study aims to analyze the problem of information overload between social media and consumer sentiment by focusing on the comments made by consumers on social media. At the end of the study, the research results need to be summarized and analyzed in order to provide useful references for social media platforms to manage consumer emotions, so as to provide useful references for lawmakers, academics and practitioners.

Development of Quality of Life in Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer Using a Patient Support Smartphone App: Prepost Interventional Study.

Adolescents and young adults often experience existential concerns in addition to side effects during a cancer trajectory, which they often carry alone. Thus, cohesion with other adolescents and young adults with cancer is essential but difficult due to the relatively small, widely dispersed nationwide population. In cocreation, a smartphone app has been developed and includes an information bank, a symptom tracker, and a social community platform, aiming to improve the quality of life (QoL) in this patient group. This nationwide, multicenter study aimed to investigate the QoL in adolescents and young adults undergoing a cancer trajectory as they used the app for 6 weeks. Via youth support initiatives, participants were recruited from hospitals in all regions of Denmark. Inclusion criteria were patients with cancer aged 15-29 years who either initiated any cancer treatment or started follow-up after cancer treatment within 30 days. Participants used the adolescents and young adults cancer app for 6 weeks. Before and after the 6 weeks of app use, they completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30). The participants were divided into a treatment and a follow-up group for analysis. A high score for a functional scale or the global health or overall QoL represents a high or healthy level of functioning or high QoL, respectively; however, a high score for a symptom scale or item represents a high level of symptomatology. Overall, 81 participants were recruited. However, 4 participants did not answer the questionnaire and 6 participants did not use the app. In the treatment group (n=36), significant improvement was found in 2 domains: "Role functioning" (baseline median 33.33, IQR 16.67-83.33 vs 6 weeks median 66.67, IQR 33.33-83.33;P=.04) and "Pain" (baseline median 33.33, IQR 16.67-50.00 vs 6 weeks median 16.67, IQR 0.00-33.33;P=.04). The "Global health/Overall QoL" scale remained stable (baseline median 58.33, IQR 45.83-77.08 vs 6 weeks median 62.50, IQR 41.67-75.00;P=.25). In the follow-up group (n=35), significant improvement was found in 3 domains: "Physical functioning" (baseline median 79.23, IQR 73.33-93.33 vs 6 weeks median 82.86, IQR 73.33-100.00;P=.03), "Cognitive functioning" (baseline median 62.38, IQR 50.00-83.33 vs 6 weeks median 69.52, IQR 50.00-100.00;P=.02), and "Social functioning" (baseline median 76.19, IQR 50.00-100.00 vs 6 weeks median 85.71, IQR 83.33-100.00;P=.05), as well as in the "Global health/Overall QoL" scale (baseline median 57.14, IQR 83.33-100.00 vs 6 weeks median 75.0, IQR 62.91-85.73;P<.001). In this study, we found an improvement in specific QoL scales for both participants in treatment and follow-up when using the app for 6 weeks. The global health or overall QoL score improved significantly in the follow-up group. In the treatment group, it remained stable. RR2-10.2196/10098.

Taxonomy of Abstractive Dialogue Summarization: Scenarios, Approaches, and Future Directions

Abstractive dialogue summarization generates a concise and fluent summary covering the salient information in a dialogue among two or more interlocutors. It has attracted significant attention in recent years based on the massive emergence of social communication platforms and an urgent requirement for efficient dialogue information understanding and digestion. Different from news or articles in traditional document summarization, dialogues bring unique characteristics and additional challenges, including different language styles and formats, scattered information, flexible discourse structures, and unclear topic boundaries. This survey provides a comprehensive investigation of existing work for abstractive dialogue summarization from scenarios, approaches to evaluations. It categorizes the task into two broad categories according to the type of input dialogues, i.e., open-domain and task-oriented, and presents a taxonomy of existing techniques in three directions, namely, injecting dialogue features, designing auxiliary training tasks, and using additional data. A list of datasets under different scenarios and widely accepted evaluation metrics are summarized for completeness. After that, the trends of scenarios and techniques are summarized, together with deep insights into correlations between extensively exploited features and different scenarios. Based on these analyses, we recommend future directions, including more controlled and complicated scenarios, technical innovations and comparisons, publicly available datasets in special domains, and so on.

Attitudes pregnant women in Türkiye towards holistic complementary and alternative medicine and influencing factors: a web-based cross-sectional study

BackgroundPregnant women turn to holistic complementary and alternative medicine to cope with problems associated with the changes they experience during pregnancy. This study aimed to determine the attitudes of pregnant women in Türkiye toward holistic complementary and alternative medicine and influencing factors.MethodsThis cross-sectional exploratory study was carried out between June and November 2022 with a web-based questionnaire distributed via social media and communication platforms. Two hundred and twenty-one pregnant women participated in the study. A "Participant Identification Form" and the "Attitudes towards Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire" were used to collect the data. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine correlations between variables and scale scores.ResultsIt was determined that 84.2% of the participants had knowledge about traditional and complementary therapies, and 77.8% used traditional and complementary therapies. The participants reported that they preferred faith (77.4%), energy healing (76.9%), massage (75.6%), diet (74.2%), meditation/yoga (62.0%), and herbal (59.7%) traditional and complementary therapies the most, and most of them used these methods to reduce nausea, vomiting, edema, and fatigue during pregnancy. The mean Attitudes towards Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire score of the participants was 35.0 (5.04). It was seen that having high school or higher education (p < 0.05), having an income more than expenses (p < 0.001), having received advice from nurses when having a complaint (p < 0.001), having knowledge about traditional and complementary therapies (p < 0.001), and being a practitioner who received services of traditional and complementary therapies (p < 0.001) were positively associated with the utilization of traditional and complementary therapies.ConclusionIn this study, it was determined that the attitudes of pregnant women towards holistic complementary and alternative medicine were high. Their personal characteristics, as well as their knowledge and practice of holistic complementary and alternative medicine affected their attitudes towards holistic complementary and alternative medicine. Obstetrics nurses/midwives should actively participate in training programs on traditional and complementary therapies focused on pregnant women.

Design Approaches to Museum Open Spaces with User Evaluations

The concept of the museum today should be considered as a social communication platform, and museums should be designed by taking into account the interaction and harmony of their open and closed spaces with the immediate surroundings. This study emphasizes the importance of museums for the city and discusses design approaches to museum open spaces with examples of their effective use and an evaluation of the opinions of their users. In order to shed light on today's museum exterior design approaches, evaluations of the design setup of the museum open spaces were carried out on the basis of literature research and spatial experiences of the museum examples visited. In addition, using the content analysis method, by creating statements about usage, satisfaction level, and expectations, a questionnaire was planned and designed to be applied to a volunteer user group. According to the examples given and the survey data, museum open space designs were carried out. Four groups of factors - planning and design, social, functional and perceptual-having the greatest impact on visitor satisfaction were identified. The examples given include a discussion of museum open space facilities, along with commentary from the literature. For the evaluation of the users, a survey was conducted with 74 people. The survey asked about their satisfaction levels and their expectations in terms of museums and open spaces. Since there was not chance to conduct face to face survey in pandemic conditions, the study was conducted that questioned the general qualifications. In addition to reaching the users visiting the museum were limited. When we look at the literature, multi-dimensional research has been carried out on museum architecture and design. However, no comprehensive study has been carried out on museum open spaces. Consequently, this study focused on the interaction between museum open spaces and visitors.

Beyond ‘networked individuals’: social-media and citizen-led accountability in political protests

The accessibility of social media and communication platforms such as WhatsApp in sub-Saharan Africa has expanded exponentially over the past decade. The benefits are that new communities of ‘networked individuals’ outside of the traditional geographic localities have emerged. The capacity of ordinary citizens to autonomously gather, process and publish information has taken away states’ monopoly over information, enabling citizens to form alternative narratives and influence the course of political discourse. Local conflicts and grievances have also been globalised, building a critical base for evidence-based advocacy. Yet not all communities have achieved these ideals, partly because citizens have remained ‘loosely connected individuals’ unable to transform their ­‘networks’ into agents of change and reform. This article is aimed at exploring how this transformation can be achieved. Based on field research on social media activism and internet-based movements in Zimbabwe and Ethiopia, this article explores how social media as a tool for citizen-led accountability can be institutionalised and transformed from ‘networked individuals’ to change agents able to hold government to account.

Digital Practices by Citizens During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Findings From an International Multisite Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic brought digital practices and engagement to the forefront of society, which were based on behavioral changes associated with adhering to different government mandates. Further behavioral changes included transitioning from working in the office to working from home, with the use of various social media and communication platforms to maintain a level of social connectedness, especially given that many people who were living in different types of communities, such as rural, urban, and city spaces, were socially isolated from friends, family members, and community groups. Although there is a growing body of research exploring how technology is being used by people, there is limited information and insight about the digital practices employed across different age cohorts living in different physical spaces and residing in different countries. This paper presents the findings from an international multisite study exploring the impact of social media and the internet on the health and well-being of individuals in different countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected via a series of online surveys deployed between April 4, 2020, and September 30, 2021. The age of respondents varied from 18 years to over 60 years across the 3 regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. On exploring the associations of technology use, social connectedness, and sociodemographic factors with loneliness and well-being through bivariate and multivariate analyses, significant differences were observed. The levels of loneliness were higher among respondents who used social media messengers or many social media apps than among those who did not use social media messengers or used ≤1 social media app. Additionally, the levels of loneliness were higher among respondents who were not members of an online community support group than among those who were members of an online community support group. Psychological well-being was significantly lower and loneliness was significantly higher among people living in small towns and rural areas than among those living in suburban and urban communities. Younger respondents (18-29 years old), single adults, unemployed individuals, and those with lower levels of education were more likely to experience loneliness. From an international and interdisciplinary perspective, policymakers and stakeholders should extend and explore interventions targeting loneliness experienced by single young adults and further examine how this may vary across geographies. The study findings have implications across the fields of gerontechnology, health sciences, social sciences, media communication, computers, and information technology. RR2-10.3389/fsoc.2020.574811.

Fear of falling: scoping review and topic analysis protocol

IntroductionFear of falling (FoF) is a major challenge for the quality of life among older adults. Despite extensive work in previous scoping and systematic reviews on separate domains of FoF...

The Relationship between Fear of Childbirth and the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy among Young Unmarried Women

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between fear of childbirth among young unmarried women and their desire to avoid pregnancy. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out using a web-based survey shared with young unmarried women through young unmarried women’s groups on social media and communication platforms (WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, Instagram, etc.). The sample of the study consisted of 551 women who voluntarily agreed to fill out the survey. To collect the data, a Personal Information Form, the Desire to Avoid Pregnancy (DAP) Scale, and the Childbirth Fear - Prior to Pregnancy Scale (CF-PPS) were used. Results: According to the results of the study, there was a positive, weak, and statistically significant relationship between CF-PPS and DAP (p&amp;lt;0.001). It was found that the participants had moderate levels of fear of childbirth and moderate levels of desire to avoid pregnancy. Additionally, it was determined that the fear of childbirth and desire to avoid pregnancy levels of the participants who were not working and those who were at or over the age of 24 were the lowest, and the fear of childbirth and desire to avoid pregnancy levels of the participants who had not witnessed/watched childbirth before and those who did not envision their labor were high. Conclusions: Consequently, it was determined that women who experience the fear of childbirth may display behaviors of avoiding pregnancy. Accordingly, it may be argued that reducing the childbirth fear levels of young unmarried women is highly important for their experience of healthy pregnancies. Thus, it is recommended to provide effective counseling for young unmarried women regarding pregnancy and childbirth.

Lingvistiskās attieksmes izpausmes ārkārtējās epidemioloģiskās situācijas apstākļos (2020–2022)

The article deals with Latvian language attitudes and their practical expression in the years 2020–2022, reflecting on the linguistic changes and perception of language use in the context of the COVID-19 crisis and, partially, of the Russian aggression over Ukraine. The unexpected situation has showcased social and deep-rooted humanitarian challenges that can be critical not only in an epidemiological context. It concerns language attitudes, too. The sustainability and competitiveness of the Latvian language depend on its use in all socially important functions, which in turn is determined by linguistic attitude – a complex of subjective factors that characterize language perceptions, attitude towards different languages (language variants), and measures taken by state or public institutions to regulate the language situation. Therefore, in addition to monitoring the Latvian language situation in terms of language skills and language use, special attention should be paid to identifying public opinions and linguistic stereotypes and studying linguistic behaviour. Positive language attitudes are recognised as one of the criteria for the success of language policy. Several important contributions on language innovations during the COVID-19 pandemic have already been published (Dite Liepa, Evija Liparte, et al.). Language is a living organism that responds to all environmental developments, and this so-called covid-lexis is essentially only an external expression for the processes that take place at many levels of language and have always been there. Neologisms and occasional new coinages, stylistic features, wordplay and jokes, and borrowings have been found in media (press, electronic media, social communication platforms), graffiti, and promotional materials based on public discussions about the topics of the pandemic. The meanings of the already known and customary Latvian language words have expanded during the COVID-19 crisis. The existence of creativity in a language is one of the indicators that a language is viable, that its speakers perceive language as their own, as a value. We now see a confirmation that the Latvian language can adapt to any circumstances. The other part of the research deals with language attitudes towards bilingual communication in Latvia, i.e. the use of Russian in public information on the epidemiological situation. The analysis of the most popular narratives reveals controversial views concerning the compatibility and necessity of bilingual information with the language policy guidelines for an inclusive society. The conclusion is that the pandemic has given new concreteness to society’s vulnerabilities, one of which is language attitudes towards the Latvian language among the Latvians.

Emergent online discourses and the (re)framing of women’s identity

The advent of social media communication platforms, specifically blogs as sites of politicalengagement, means that they now constitute the key carriers of democratic public discourse.Previously marginalised groups such as women can now deliberate, interpret and re-frame theirown narratives and identities. This article examines how Zimbabwean women are using blogsto resist and subvert women’s ascribed identities, improve the political, economic and culturalrepresentations of women, and enhance women’s participation in politics. Using feminist criticaltheory, the article describes how women-owned content from selected Zimbabwean blogsframes women’s political, economic and cultural identities, and how women producing their ownmessages are improving women’s representation in society. Data obtained through qualitativecontent analysis of blog posts reveal that, as sites of agency, blogs offer possibilities for reframingand re-presenting women’s political and cultural identities. Blogs act as sites for thesubversion of ascribed identities that continue to position women as second-class citizens. Thearticle concludes that digital media, particularly blogs, can be used as sites of resistance to powerby bringing to the fore counter narratives that have been obscured from mainstream discourse,and at the same time affording women direct influence over their public image.

Navigating dual roles: Governance of statewide community college membership associations

AbstractStatewide membership associations are comprised of trustees and/or district chancellors or college presidents (CEOs) whose primary professional responsibility is the governance and administration of local districts and colleges. The majority of these statewide community college membership associations are nonprofit entities—typically incorporated as 501(c)3 and/or 501(c)6's—and their missions characteristically include state and federal advocacy, professional and policy development, research and district support services, and the promotion of the state's community colleges to the multiple constituencies of decision‐makers, policy influencers, traditional, and social media communication platforms. The Community College League of California provides a case example of the work occurring in membership associations. Governance challenges are reviewed, and questions are posed regarding future directions.

Communication of Slovak eco-innovation companies with social media users

Social media is widespread worldwide and firmly defined in today's communication. Available resources point to dynamic changes in consumer behavior, to which even ecologically oriented business entities must respond. Therefore, it is appropriate and necessary to look for innovative solutions that will contribute to improving the communication of eco-innovative businesses with their followers on social communication platforms. The aim of the paper is to map and describe the current state of communication of the responded Slovak eco-innovation companies with social media users. The communities that are emerging on social media are the driving force behind today's market environment. Communities can be talked about in connection with the pressure they exert on eco-innovation businesses, entities and other business areas. At the core, the authors focus on the interpretation of partial results from their own pilot survey, which serves as an input survey for mapping the current communication and will be a key basis for subsequent research. The interpreted findings from the survey come from a quantitative survey using a standardized questionnaire, which was answered by a total of 142 respondents, who represent representatives of Slovak eco-innovation business entities. From the author's research, we can define which digital platforms use subjects to communicate with their followers, how often they communicate with them, through what type of contributions and with what frequency they publish contributions. The results indicate reserves in the given issue. For this reason, further research and education of subjects is important. The limits of the investigation are in a smaller number of business entities and in the possibility that business entities did not provide true information. The authors of the article did not come to the conclusion that someone would carry out a similar survey within the Slovak eco-innovation entities, and therefore they point to the results of their own pilot survey. Eco-innovation entities do not currently have information on the communication process with their followers on social media. The authors consider the interpreted results from the pilot survey to be original and necessary due to the absence of marketing statistics, which would subsequently help businesses to set up the right online marketing strategy.

URL Redirection Attack Mitigation in Social Communication Platform using Data Imbalance Aware Machine Learning Algorithm

Objectives: To present a model which can detect malicious attacks using the URL of the Social Communication Platform using the data imbalance machine learning algorithm. The main objective is to detect the attack and prevent it from happening. Methods: This study presents an efficient feature extraction and selection method addressing feature imbalance problems; and also presents an improved concept drift and machine learning-based classification. This paper extracts the URL of the undesired tweets, identifies them, and filters them for classification. Findings: The experiments have been conducted using the drifted twitter spam dataset. Our model DIA-XGBoost extracts the URL of the undesired tweets, identifies them, and filters them for classification. Further, the attack pattern varies with respect to time. Furthermore, the results show that our DIA-XGBoost attains higher accuracy performance by 1.254%, URL recall performance by 0.14%, and increased Fmeasure performance by 10% when compared with the existing ML techniques (Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbour, XGBoost). Thus, the existing ML-based classification model achieves poor classification accuracy whereas our model solves this issue. Novelty: Various Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been applied for the classification of URL redirection attacks. However, the spam data generally exhibit feature imbalance. Further, the attack pattern varies with respect to time. Thus, the existing ML-based classification model achieves poor classification accuracy. Hence, our model solves the issue using the DIA-XGBoost algorithm, detects and prevents URL malicious attacks. Keywords: Data Imbalance; Feature Extraction; Concept Drift; URL; Machine Learning; URL Redirection Attack

Impact of Social Media on Consumer Buying Behavior of Apparels with Special Reference to Satna (Madhya Pradesh)

Marketers have begun to sell their products using social media platforms as a consequence of the quick advances created by worldwide advertising routes, with Facebook being the most preferred medium of communication among all. The study's goal was to look at the impact of Facebook marketing on consumer clothes purchase intentions utilizing evidence from young individuals. The research primarily focused on determining Facebook's dominance as a social media communication platform and its influence on advertising. The majority of the companies want to expand their reach; however, Facebook users want a clean experience on the platform rather than pop-ups, web banners, and ads. Facebook marketing has been found to have both beneficial and bad effects on businesses and individuals. As a result, the focus was on determining the influence of Facebook marketing on customer purchasing intentions. Companies may assess the success of their advertising and make necessary improvements. To meet the aims of the study, a comprehensive survey was conducted, and the data were analysed using component factor analysis, regression analysis, and correlation coefficient. According to the findings of the analysis, the researchers were successful in achieving the stated goals of the study. In conclusion, it was discovered that, with the exception of E-WOM, there was a substantial link between independent and dependent variables. The most crucial elements in Facebook marketing are likes and shares. According to the findings, E-WOM was not a significant variable; however, researchers recommend focusing on E-WOM in order to convert this variable into a positive way to achieve better results; just as the previous studies have shown that E-WOM can have a significant impact on consumer purchase intent.

Twitter communication of the UK public on dental health and care during a COVID lockdown: "My kingdom for a dentist".

The COVID-19 pandemic forced a UK-wide closure of dental services. An understanding of public concerns about dental care was urgently needed to inform careful resumption of paused dental services. To describe public concerns about dental care during lockdown. Framework analysis of relevant Twitter posts identified collected using the Awario tool. Of 1863 tweets manually screened for eligibility, 285 were relevant, as they contained views expressed by the public. The number of tweets by country were proportionate to the population size. The key views expressed in tweets focused on: 'oral health impact' ('oral health and self-care', 'types of dental problems', 'managing symptoms at home', 'views on consequences of delaying treatment') and 'dental service or care provision' ('views on managing dental care response', 'experiences with access to dental care'). The impact of COVID-19 on dental services raised many physical and mental health concerns for the public, highlighting their importance. Online profiles and social media communication platforms can be used to provide convenient, and timely information on public perceptions of dental care.

Government Communication Strategies Through Social Media During 'COVID-19' Pandemic

The emerging Coronavirus 'COVID-19' pandemic impact the performance and communication practices of governments around the world. The pandemic imposed a new reality, as all government sectors witnessed a complete transformation in the work systems and practices in a way that the world had never seen before. Because of social distancing, changing lifestyle and quality of life, and adopting a remote work system, the importance of using communication and information technology (ICT), especially social networks and smart applications, has increased in communicating with different stakeholders and accomplishing various tasks and goals. Therefore, governments shift towards the digital era with all their tools and apply them effectively to achieve the strategic goals and serve the state's vision through its governmental institutions in various fields. In this context, various government institutions in the UAE, including police institutions, have relied on social media and digital communication platforms, in their response to this pandemic. Recently, the police institutions rely on social media networks as a basic communication tool due to its effectiveness in disseminating information quickly and easily, its interactivity with the target audience, its role in awareness during pandemic, its role in stop rumors, spreading the security culture, spreading the spirit of citizenship and belonging, and other goals of Government communication. From this standpoint, this study mainly aimed at analyzing government communication practices of the Ajman Police during the pandemic in its various stages, through its official account on Instagram. The study relied on the survey method, and uses a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the content of the official account during the period from (mid-February to mid-June 2020), as that period witnessed the initial wave of the pandemic. The results of the analytical study showed the effectiveness of the digital practices of the Ajman Police official account on "Instagram" through a diversity of goals, which were appropriate to the circumstances under the 'COVID–19' pandemic. The "Ajman Police" was keen to apply the social responsibility role towards the whole society through informative and advisory practices to raise public awareness to stop the dissemination of the pandemic. The posts also motivated its followers to use digital services through the smart application, by explaining how to use it with pictures and videos, additionally, the posts focused on reassuring the public by highlighting the Ajman Police capabilities and its excellent readiness in dealing with this pandemic. The researchers summarized many recommendations to enhance the effectiveness of government communication practices, especially in the security sector, including the following: Paying attention to studies and periodic reports on followers’ interaction through social media to take the appropriate communication decisions and to design appropriate policy and plan for publications on official account through social media. Finally, the researchers suggested six effective government communication concepts in their model, to enhance the government communication practices through social media networks, which consists of: (corporate identity, content management team, content management, interactivity, integration, continuous development).

Sense of Belonging and the Use of Social Digital Communication Platform: Nursing Staff Comparison between Pre and During COVID-19

In recent years use of digital social networks in the workplace has become the popular mode of team communications. The widespread use of different methods of interpersonal interaction and the availability of the user at any time and in any place have made the boundaries between the personal space and the professional space distorted. Aim: To investigate nurses’ perceptions of the use of digital application communication, level of belonging and stress before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Design: Quasi-experimental, prospective convenience sample correlational study. Method: Team cohesiveness, level of Belongingness and demographic questionnaire was distributed to five hospital departments in pre and during COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A total 178 nurses (83.3% females), average age 34.40 y/o; a significant positive correlation found between nurse seniority and level belongingness (β=.28, p&lt;.01). Significant differences were found between during COVID-19 and pre-pandemic group in using digital platform for solving professional problems (χ² (1) = 7.74, p&lt;.01). In addition, the more the respondents perceived the content of the digital application group for sharing personal experiences the greater their sense of belonging (β = .19, p=.03). Conclusion: This study examines nurses’ digital communication and sharing, deliberation, team cohesiveness and information exchange. The results demonstrate nurses’ interpersonal professional relationships expressed in this digital application as well comparison between two periods. The period of “normal” activity and during pandemic.