Social Capital Of Local Communities Research Articles

Short-term rental expansion and residential displacement in tourism communities: evidence from Croatia

ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of short-term rentals (STRs) on local communities in Croatia, one of the most tourism-dependent countries in the world, from the perspective of destinations of individuals displaced by STRs. In cities with high tourism intensity, STRs give rise to closed migration circuits that restrict the exchange of knowledge and talent between socially and geographically diverse contexts. In less tourism-intensive cities, particularly in declining and ageing communities, STRs displace residents on a larger geographical scale, eroding the social capital of local communities. The results of this investigation have implications for areas grappling with the proliferation of STRs.

Local community's social capital and CEO pay duration

AbstractIn this study, we examine the impact of social capital surrounding firms’ headquarters on their chief executive officers (CEOs)’ pay duration, reflected by the vesting periods of the short‐term and long‐term components in their annual compensation. Our analysis reveals that CEO pay duration increases with the level of social capital in the county in which firms are headquartered. We further find that this effect is more pronounced when CEOs are more likely to be short‐term‐oriented, suggesting that under the influence of the local community's social capital, the board of directors uses longer pay duration to better align CEOs’ interests with long‐term shareholder value. Our results are robust to a variety of additional tests and a smaller sample of firms that had relocated their headquarters to communities with a different level of social capital. Overall, our findings are consistent with the view that social capital incentivizes firms to be long‐term‐oriented and refrain from short‐term opportunistic activities, and this lengthens CEO pay duration.

Analysis of Community Social Capital Inclusiveness Towards Waste Pollution Prevention by Shrimp Farming Company: A Case Study of Waste Pollution in Pasir Kuning Beach Area

Sewage pollution originating from the activities of shrimp farming companies in the Pasir Kuning Beach area raises serious concerns about its impact that damages the environment and disrupts the balance of the ecosystem. This research aims to understand and analyze the inclusiveness of social capital in local communities as an effort to prevent sewage pollution. Using a qualitative approach, this research conducted in-depth interviews with community members in the Pasir Kuning Beach Area. Respondents were selected based on criteria that ensured a balanced representation of various community groups, and secondary data was used to provide a broader context. The research findings highlight the central role of social capital in shaping relationships, trust, and cooperation among communities. The implications include developing more effective sewage pollution prevention strategies and providing a foundation for understanding community contributions to coastal ecosystem conservation. The focus on social capital inclusivity as a catalyst for positive change demonstrates the determination of local communities to overcome the negative impacts of shrimp farming activities. In the context of Bangka Belitung, which is affected by the mining sector, this research is significant in efforts to reduce environmental damage. It is hoped that these findings provide valuable insights for stakeholders in formulating sustainable solutions that support the ecology and well-being of local communities in the future.

Examining the effects of the local communities’ social capital on disaster response capacity in Seoul, South Korea

Social capital plays an important role in determining and managing disaster relief at the community level as well as in building and enhancing a community's disaster response capacity. This study measures the level of social capital in local communities in Seoul, South Korea, and examines how social capital affects their capacity to respond effectively in the face of disasters. We developed indicators based on data from the 2017 Seoul Survey and measured three dimensions of social capital (civic engagement, informal networks, and trust) in 360 communities in Seoul using factor analysis. We then analyzed the relationship between the community's social capital and the percentage of disaster relief volunteers as a proxy measure of community disaster response capacity. Further, we examined the effect of civic engagement, social networks, and trust on disaster volunteerism using the Tobit model. The results showed that a given level of social capital within a community is positively related to a high capacity for disaster volunteerism. This implies that communities with high social capital are more likely to have volunteers available to help in response to a disaster, and that the more a given community is invested in community issues and trust its neighbors, the higher its overall disaster response capacity.

Islamic Religious Atmosphere and Audit Pricing: Evidence from Iran

AbstractThis study examines whether the Islamic religious atmosphere of local communities influences audit pricing. We use a comprehensive survey conducted by Iran's Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance to measure the Islamic religious atmosphere. Using a sample of 1,204 observations from firms listed in Iran's capital market, we find that firms located in regions with a strong Islamic religious atmosphere pay significantly lower audit fees. Furthermore, the study reveals that family ownership (auditor size) strengthens (weakens) the aforementioned relationship. However, we did not find a significant moderating role for the local community's social capital. We contribute to the ethics literature by providing a better understanding of the economic consequences of the religious atmosphere and offering policy, practical, and educational implications.

The role of public libraries in the development of social capital in local communities – a theoretical study

PurposeSocial capital, understood as intangible community values available through a network of connections, is a factor in the development of societies and improving quality of life. It helps to remove economic inequalities and prevent poverty and social exclusion, stimulate social and regional development, civic attitudes and social engagement and build a civic society as well as local and regional identity. Many of these tasks may be implemented by libraries, which, apart from providing access to information, may also offer a number of services associated with social needs. The purpose of this paper is to present the roles and functions that libraries may serve in local communities in terms of assistance, integration and development based on classical social capital theories.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the classical concepts of social capital in the context of libraries. It analyses the findings of Pierre-Félix Bourdieu, James Coleman, Francis Fukuyama, Robert Putnam, Nan Lin, Ronald Stuart Burt, Wayne Baker and Alejandro Portes. Based on their respective concepts, the paper analyses the role of the contemporary library in the social life of local communities. In particular, it focuses on the possible new functions that public libraries may serve.FindingsA critical review of the concept of social capital revealed certain dependencies between libraries and their neighbourhoods. With new services that respond to the actual social needs, libraries may serve as a keystone, namely they may integrate, animate and engage local communities. This, however, requires a certain approach to be adopted by the personnel and governing authorities as well as infrastructure and tangible resources.Originality/valueThe social engagement of libraries is usually described from the practical perspective (reports on the services provided) or in the context of research on the impact of respective projects on specific groups of users (research reports). A broader approach, based on original social theories, is rarely encountered. The paper draws on classical concepts of social capital and is a contribution to the discussion on possible uses of those concepts based on an analysis of the role of libraries in social life and in strengthening the social capital of local communities.

Staying connected: Effects of online platforms on transnational family relations and social capital

ABSTRACT By recruiting participants from the social-networking website InterNations, this qualitative interview-based research explores how Nikkei Brazilians maintain intimate family relations and cultivate interpersonal connections within their local communities via Information and Communication Technology (ICT). This research investigates the role of ICT and social media in maintaining transnational family ties and social capital in local communities for Nikkei Brazilian migrants in Japan. For Nikkei Brazilians who struggle with finding their own niche upon their migration to Japan, online communication with family and friends in Brazil helps provide emotional support that assists with acclimation to Japanese society. ICT and social media also serve as avenues for recent migrants to meet people based on similar interests and backgrounds. Regardless of ample online resources, some interviewees report that work-oriented lifestyles, cultural differences and language barriers make it harder to become acquainted with local Japanese communities. Interviewees’ backgrounds, such as their occupations, intended lengths of stay, and areas of residency in Japan, are examined to identify factors facilitating the expansion of connections with local communities in Japan while simultaneously sustaining healthy family relationships transnationally. Additionally, this research engages a previously unstudied group of expatriate workers, who have stable careers and have lived in Japan for more than a decade. Their particular experiences and perspectives provide new ways of approaching and framing Nikkei Brazilian migrant studies.

Strategy for reducing environmental disaster based on social capital (A case study in Indonesia)

Social capital is the main resource in developing strategies to overcome natural disasters as well as to mobilize community participation in preserving environmental based-local wisdom. Social capital is the ability of individual and communities to represent their own resources and transgenerational solidarity driven by high trust and shared values to achieve goals through established social relations. This paper is intended to explore why the social capital are able to build communities’ behaviour that minimize the occurrence of environmental degradation. The study was conducted in Wonosobo Regency, Central Java Province. Historically, the region was the first place for bottled water production in Indonesia. However, the source of the spring water of the region remain sustainable up until now. The study’s results show that the strength of social capital in local communities contributes to the effectiveness of building collective action for environmental conservation. The strength of social capital also accelerates capacity building and transformation process of local institutions in order to reduce environmental degradation. More specifically, social capital entities that play an important role are participation in a network, trust, reciprocity, solidarity, togetherness and mutual cooperation.

Opportunities and Limitations of Using the Technology of Inter-Municipal Cooperation As a Tool for Activating Social Capital and Developing the Tourist Attractiveness of Territories

the article discusses the possibilities and limitations of using the technology of intermunicipal cooperation as a tool for activating the social capital of local communities. Using a set of analytical methods, as well as the method of analyzing information sources, the authors develop the key provisions of this social technology: the algorithm of its implementation in municipal authorities, organizational and economic forms of cooperation of municipalities, the principles of implementing the cluster approach in order to develop the tourist attractiveness of municipalities. The advantages and risks of using the technology of inter-municipal cooperation by local authorities in modern socio-economic conditions are substantiated.

Концептуальные основы разработки стратегии формирования социального капитала местных сообществ

the article raises the issues of forming the social capital of local communities as an internal source of territorial development. Based on the methods of comparative and system analysis, as well as the method of document analysis, the conceptual foundations of the strategy for the formation of social capital of local communities have been developed. The author substantiates the conclusion that the formation of social capital as a process should be institutionalized at the municipal level by fixing the corresponding strategy in the normative and project practice of municipalities. The article describes the key sections of the strategy as a document of territorial development, in particular, its methodological core is formed: the principles of social capital formation (expert assessment, taking into account the socio-economic characteristics of municipalities, advanced development, strategic alternatives, scientific justification of the provisions of the strategy for the formation of social capital of local communities); the strategy development algorithm (a flowchart of the process is proposed). The necessity of an incremental approach to the development of strategic goals is argued.

Social capital of local communities in the water resources management: an insight from Kepulauan Riau

This paper draws the process of water resources management of local communities by using the social capital point of view. By using a comparative case study, this research was conducted in two regions in Kepulauan Riau, Senggarang and Mantang. Social capital of local communities, such as norms, trust, beliefs, and gotong-royong play a significant role in the process of governing water resources in different ways. This paper contributes to the study of water resources management by recognizing the social capital of local communities. In practical terms, this study is also valuable to the practice of water resources management in the local context in Indonesia. The theoretical, methodological, and practical implications of the study are discussed.

International experience of converting social capital of local communities into development of tourism sector

The subject of this research is the international practices of utilization of social capital of local communities for the purpose of development of tourism attractiveness of the territories. The object of this research is the social capital of local communities. The author explores such aspects of the topic as the development of tourism on the basis of local community, stimulation of social activism and communication between the locals, their ability to self-organization on the local level within the framework of international projects. Special attention is given to the risks and negative consequences for the local communities caused by tourism. The conclusions is made that the role of the representatives of local communities is considered as one of the key elements within the international practice of tourism development. This relates to the formation of tolerant and friendly tourism space for maintaining a “geographical myth”, which cannot be created without involvement of the local residents. Such process must be manageable for the authorities that ensure protection of local population from the sociocultural threats caused by tourists. International experience can be adapted in the Russian realities to some extent, however this process requires outworking of the corresponding mechanism of three-way interaction of the local government, business and local residents. The scientific novelty lies int the attempts of critical revaluation of the role of social capital of local communities at the time of transformation of tourism industry due to unfavorable epidemic situation.

Forms of Social Capital on Halal Tourism in Bandung

This article focuses on the social capital of local communities in the development of halal tourism. This article aims to understand the social capital of local communities in their efforts to develop halal tourism in Bandung, West Java. The paradigm approach used is qualitative with the method of extracting data in-depth interviews and documentation review methods. This research found that the potential of local communities in the development of halal tourism lies in the trust and values ​​that develop in the community. Trust is focused on the emergence of expectations from the community towards the management of sharia-based tourism objects. While values ​​are inherent in positive local virtues in tourism development. This study concludes that halal tourism correlates with the expectations and values ​​that develop in local communities.

Modal Sosial dan Integrasi Sosial: Asimilasi dan Akulturasi Budaya Masyarakat Multikultural di Polewali Mandar, Sulawesi Barat

This research aims to explain the role of the social capital of local community in integration process of inter-sociocultural. Discourse of multicultural society is important to be known because the difference of social community has a big potential to be a social disintegration. Nevertheless, the social life, which has different of culture, was not always occurred the disunion. Local wisdoms of community as social capital could facilitate an adhesive social so that they lived in social harmony. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative describing inter-ethnic social integration by taking place Wonomulyo, Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi, one of provinces in Indonesia. The data collection techniques were observation, depth interview, and documentation. Withdrawal informants were done by purposive sampling. The theory used in this study was social capital by Robert Putnam and Pierre Bourdieu. This theory explained social capital by studying social habitus of local community. The results showed that social capital of local community had a role on processing integration of community that differ ethnic and culture. As a result, the ethnic groups integrated well was characterized by social relationships among ethnic groups remain in a stable state and bound in the integration of groups. Then, the equilibrium of groups created assimilation and acculturation of culture in the society. The ethnic groups cooperated each other in economy and social activity and there was no social conflict among them.

SOCIOCULTURAL ASPECT OF REALIZATION OF CIVIL CONTROL IN MODERN RUSSIAN SOCIETY

Purpose: The backwardness of civil control in modern Russia is connected with a complex of the reasons of sociocultural character, including with specifics of the Russian traditions of public participation. It is proved that only collective forms of civil control relying on mobilization and use of the social capital of local communities can be the most effective in Russia.
 Methodology: The complexity of a research was provided: first, studying of the various conditions influencing realization of principle of social justice, the analysis as the standard importance of value of justice in consciousness of the population and satisfaction with her realization in practice; secondly, complexity of methods of collecting primary information (mass poll, expert poll, secondary analysis of researches on this subject).
 Result: However, owing to a crisis of confidence the social capital of municipal units and separate groups is minimum and a little demanded. The most important starter of civil control aspiration to justice as the realization of social justice usually doesn't contact inhabitants of local communities’ personal civil activity doesn't operate, or the stereotype dominates that such activity won't result in the expected results.
 Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students.
 Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of Sociocultural Aspect of Realization of Civil Control in Modern Russian Society is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

Examining Roles of Tour Dure Producers for Social Capital and Innovativeness in Community-Based Tourism

The Dure community is a traditional meeting and collaborative effort for solving tasks and issues in rural farming villages in Korea. Recently, the South Korean government has tried to revitalize Dure communities to develop tourism businesses in local provinces. Tour Dure projects aimed at revitalizing local communities and promoting sustainable economic development have been operating since 2013. Tour Dure producers, as change agents, play a critical role in the Tour Dure projects. The purpose of this study is to reveal the producers’ roles in realizing community-based tourism (CBT). Using partial least squares structural equation modeling, this study analyzes the relationship between the producers’ role and social capital in local communities and the subsequent impact on residents’ innovativeness and life satisfaction. The results show that the producer’s role is important in creating social capital, improving innovativeness, and, as a result, residents’ life satisfaction. The present study suggests further implications for academics and policy makers focused on sustainable CBT.

ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМНИЦЬКОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ СУБ’ЄКТІВ МАЛОГО ТА СЕРЕДНЬОГО БІЗНЕСУ

The paper seeks to explore the structure of the entrepreneurial capacity of small and medium-sized business entities as a set of their inherent characteristics affecting the realized and latent components of the entrepreneurial success – the so called resident drivers (resources, economic activity types, customization level, competitive advantages, focus on creating social values, entrepreneurial process, customer-based approach) which are triggered by the internal (psycho-physiological, socio-demographic, intellectual and creative properties, universal cultural and professional competencies, the ability to innovate, adaptability level, communications, etc.) and external (the institutional environment, the competition (co-operation) relationships development level, social capital, macro- and mesoeconomic indicators dynamics, the dominant technological paradigm) factors affecting the choice of a business activity pattern (forced / voluntary entrepreneurship / intrapreneurship). It is argued that during the phases of crisis and depression within the medium-term economic cycle the importance of internal factors underpinning the entrepreneurial capacity of small and medium-sized business entities increases dramatically, while the periods of revival and recovery demonstrate greater significance of external factors which involve a range of global (the world markets competition), national (nation-wide legal acts, social capital) and local (regional normative legal acts, acts of representative bodies of local self-government, social capital of local community, ethnic or confessional, etc.) factors. Findings report for a correlation analysis method has revealed that the most significant elements in building the entrepreneurial capacity in terms of ensuring positive dynamics of business performance efficiency indicators are customer value creation, macroeconomic environment dynamics, competition level and the quality of entrepreneurial thinking as evidenced by the results of scenario-based forecasting of business activities.

Social Capital, Product Market Competition and Corporate Disclosure of Proprietary Information

We examine the impact of social capital in local communities on corporate disclosure of proprietary information. Firms located in communities with higher social capital care more about the collective interests of the local communities. While the disclosure of proprietary information has the benefit of improving stock prices, the proprietary information revealed can be exploited by the firm’s product market rivals to its disadvantage and impose significant costs on both investors and the local community. Thus, when managers take the interests of local communities into consideration, they will view the disclosure of proprietary information to be a more costly action compared to those who only consider investors’ interests alone. Our empirical analysis confirms that firms located in communities with higher levels of social capital are associated with less disclosure of proprietary information. In addition, we find that the negative association between social capital and the disclosure of proprietary information is more pronounced for firms facing higher proprietary cost, with lower external financing dependence or with higher long-term institutional ownership.

Adolescent smoking and the social capital of local communities in three counties in Romania

ObjectiveTo identify the effect of social capital on adolescent smoking. MethodA stratified random sample of 1313 7th and 8th grade students from three counties in Transylvania, Romania, completed a self-administered questionnaire on smoking-related knowledge, attitudes and behaviours. The impact of social capital was measured (personal and community activities, school achievements and smoking-related knowledge). Multivariate multinomial logistic regression models were used to measure the association between social participation and smoking. ResultsExperimenting with smoking was mostly related to knowledge about smoking, academic performance and second-hand tobacco smoke exposure at home. The strongest risk factor of adolescent smoking was the smoking behaviour of classmates: those who reported a significant proportion of smokers among their classmates were nine times more likely to smoke themselves than in other cases (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 9.05). Those who considered smoking to be harmless were 4 times more likely to be smokers than those who considered this behaviour to be dangerous (aOR: 4.28). Poor academic results increased adolescents’ smoking (aOR: 3.22 and 2.66). The odds were significantly higher for smoking, if they had an active social life (aOR: 2.54). Regular church attendance proved to be a protective factor (aOR: 0.45). ConclusionsSeveral social capital factors can play a role in adolescent smoking. The organization and the development of community activities aimed at prevention must strengthen the factors related to the community's social capital to reduce the likelihood of teenage smoking.

Nurturing social capital in local communities

This article describes how Presbyterian Support Upper South Island is providing services that nurture social capital in community settings in North Canterbury.One such service within the ‘SAGE’ programme is described. The SAGE programme is a family mentoring service which matches older volunteers with families and is a service that is considered to be responsive and flexible. The interconnected multi-layered approaches within this service nurtures the bridging between individual, family and community environments in a preventative way. The resulting improvements in social connection are small but important steps in strengthening the fabric of local community development and in creating a better sense of belonging for all involved.