Aspects Of Social Adaptation Research Articles

Medical and Social Aspects of Adaptation and Career Guidance of Children and Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy in Educational Institutions: A Literature Review

Introduction: Infantile cerebral palsy is the disease caused by numerous factors and, in most cases, developing in the fetus in utero. The leading disorder in cerebral palsy is a permanent motor impairment, which is combined with impaired mental development, speech disorders, and mental retardation. Objective: To assess the abilities of children with cerebral palsy to adapt in educational institutions of different levels, choose profession, and get employed. Material and methods: The search for information was carried out on eLibrary.ru and PubMed using the following keywords: cerebral palsy, children, adolescents, education, adaptation, and career guidance. Of 496 sources found, 41 papers were found eligible for the review, most of them published in 2014–2023. Results: It has been shown that socialization of such children is difficult; their attendance of kindergartens and schools are important stages. When preparing a child with cerebral palsy for school, it is necessary to take into account his desire to limit social contacts. Inclusive education is aimed at socializing such children, providing them the opportunity to interact with ordinary peers. The role of tutors in the adaptation of children with cerebral palsy to the kindergarten, school, college and university and the preparedness of teachers is discussed. Special training programs for teachers are required. Information and communication technology tools used in education facilitate adaptation of children, adolescents and students with cerebral palsy. It is necessary to make greater use of digital technologies and create a bank of professions for career guidance and employment of people with cerebral palsy. Conclusion: The review presents the advantages of inclusive education that significantly contributes to socialization of children and adolescents and the choice of profession. It is important to have tutors for the adaptation of children with cerebral palsy in kindergarten, school, college and university, and special teacher training programs.

Longitudinal associations of neuroticism with life satisfaction and social adaptation in a nationally representative adult sample.

Correlational studies have frequently linked neuroticism to lower well-being and poorer social adaptation. In this study, we examined the longitudinal associations of neuroticism with life satisfaction and aspects of social adaptation (i.e., loneliness, number of close friends, and interpersonal trust). Cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) and random intercepts cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPMs) were used to analyze the prospective associations between variables in a nationally representative adult sample from Germany (N=5,663 to 11,079 per analysis; 2-4 measurement waves with lags of 4-5 years). CLPMs indicated that higher neuroticism was related to lower life satisfaction, higher loneliness, fewer friends, and lower interpersonal trust, but not vice versa. At the within-person level, RI-CLPMs revealed similar findings with increased neuroticism predicting decreases in life satisfaction, increases in loneliness, and decreases in interpersonal trust. Indices of social adaptation partially mediated the link between neuroticism and life satisfaction at the between-person but not at the within-person level. Exploratory multigroup analyses support the generalization of the cross-lagged effects of neuroticism on life satisfaction and social adaptation across age, gender, and geographical regions (East versus West Germany). These findings highlight the role of neuroticism in shaping psychosocial outcomes over time.

Peculiarities of pension coverage for disabled war veteran and their employment in Tambov Region in 40s and 50s of the 20th century

The study of certain aspects of social adaptation and support, pension coverage and employment of disabled veterans of the Great Patriotic War allows us to clarify the peculiarities of post-war society development, development trajectories of the socialization of the military generation in the 40–50s of the 20th century. During this period, the efforts of the Soviet and party bodies to organize assistance to disabled war veterans, a significant part of whom had mental injuries and illnesses, were especially significant. Military everyday life and traumatization of combatants led to an increase in morbidity, which required a serious transformation not only of public health, but also of the system of social protection and pension legislation. The most intensive study of this problem was carried out during the war years and the first post-war decades, also in the 20s of the 21s century. The methodological peculiarities of the study of the stated problems are based on the author’s concept of attracting the works of contemporaries, primarily specialists in the field of psychiatry, practitioners of the Tambov Region, as well as the actual case histories and anamnesis of mental illness. We use materials from the state and party archives of the Tambov region, many of which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The results of the study allow us to draw a quite obvious conclusion that the central and local Soviet and party bodies made certain efforts to organize social support and employment for disabled war veterans. Highly successful, these events on medical and social work were carried out in the Tambov Region. However, in general, the lack of material resources and hardships of the post-war period did not allow for decent pension coverage and social adaptation of disabled war veterans.

Approaches to teaching children with epilepsy and/or past status epilepticus (within the prin- ciples of inclusive education)

This article discusses the problem of school education as one of the aspects of social adaptation of children diagnosed with epilepsy and / or children with a history of status epilepticus. The authors provide statistical data on the prevalence of epilepsy among children of different ages and information on disease control. We collected the data of patients followed-up in Mytishchi Children’s Polyclinic No. 4. Using our own experience and publications of other authors, we have developed a number of recommendations that can potentially make the presence of a child with a history of epilepsy and / or status epilepticus in an educational institution more comfortable and safe. In particular, we have suggested creating an emergency plan for each child in case of seizures. This plan should be given to a healthcare professional working in the educational institution, as well as to teachers who are responsible for the life and health of the child during classes.

Clinical efficacy of gangliosides on premature infants suffering from white matter damage and its effect on the levels of IL-6, NSE and S100β.

This study investigated the clinical efficacy of gangliosides on premature infants suffering from white matter damage and its effect on the levels of IL-6, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β. Seventy-six cases of premature infants suffering from white matter damage admitted to the Tianjin Central Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology from February 2016 to March 2017 were enrolled in this study. They were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group with 38 cases in each group. Control group was given conventional treatment, while the observation group was given ganglioside treatment on the basis of the treatment given to the control group. Craniocerebrum ultrasonic detection was used to observe the condition of white matter around the ventricle of child patients in the two groups, before and after treatment. ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6, NSE and S100β. Gesell developmental scale was used to compare the developmental quotient (DQ) of various function regions of the children. The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). The gray value of craniocerebrum ultrasonic detection in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). IL-6, S100β and NSE levels of the child patients in the two groups were significantly declined at 7 and 14 days after birth (P<0.05). After 1 year, the observation group scored significantly higher DQ than the control group in the aspects of social adaptation, gross motor, fine motor, language and personal social contact. The sequel incidence of patients in the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the intervention treatment with ganglioside for premature infants suffering from white matter damage was beneficial and provided a protective effect. It also reduced sequel and produced some promising results.

Marriage migrants in Bulgaria - aspects of social adaptation

This article is based on first-hand ethnographic data and focuses on two cases of bicultural, bilingual and cross-national couples of Bulgarian women and their migrant husbands (an Egyptian and a Filipino). More specifically, it deals with different aspects of social and emotional adaptation of the male marriage migrants to the receiving country – Bulgaria. The main goal of the article is to present different specificities of their everyday life, socialisation and professional development abroad while still being close to their roots. Since marriage with a local is a crucial factor for this multi-layered process, the role of their Bulgarian wives is also considered. The text contains two thematic sections – the first one focuses on the social adaptation of the immigrants in the context of Bulgarian language acquisition. The process each of the foreigners have been going through is presented by their manners of communication within their own bilingual marriages, the professional environment and the ‘new’ social circle. The second section deals with the place of the immigrants’ home country within their lives in migration and their nuclear mixed families. Their habits and the activities they engage in ‘there’, are also used as a tool for describing a part of their social and emotional adaptation ‘here’.Key words: marriage migration, social adaptation, local language, home visits, co-presence

PROBLEM OF INTOLERANCE TOWARDS CONVICTS AND WAYS OF SOLUTIONS

The article analyzes the problem of intolerance towards convicted persons, in particular, the concept, the meaningful signs and possible approaches of its minimization. The research is carried out in a comparative mode and based upon the norms of the current legislation of Ukraine and Poland. The researchers dwell upon key aspects of social adaptation of former convicts. The emphasis is made on the experience of the European Union in effective using "probation" as a way to minimize the intolerance towards former prisoners in society.

Studying Different Aspects of Social Adaptation

The paper presents analyses of different aspects of social adaptation - social and psychological, moral and legal. The accent on the individual and the group behavior is substantiated by the review of the classical understanding in different subjects which provides for a complex view and understanding of the social adaptation as a process. The study makes important conclusions on the need of further research in the concept and its framework.

Editorial

Editorial

Psychological and Social Variables of Vocational Rehabilitation

Psychological and social aspects of adaptation to a disability are discussed. Included are frequently used definitions in the field of rehabilitation. An overview of stage and phase theories are presented with arguments against commonly held beliefs concerning the concepts of denial, depression and anger, and their importance to the rehabilitation process. Theoretical perspectives of adaptation are also presented, with an emphasis on society's role, values, and attributes in the development of these perspectives.

Social Adaptation in the Context of Freedom

Enthusiasm for a radical reorganization of society initiated from above involved a transition to a free and flourishing society the economic foundation of which was to be the market. Initially, the plan was to cut the number of administrative prohibitions and restrictions, to release people's energy and enterprise, to allow them to work and earn as much as they wished, to make their own choices and bear responsibility for them, and to learn and act in a new way, to walk without crutches. In a word, one of the essential (core) aspects of social adaptation was adjusting to the circumstances of a qualitatively different (or greater) freedom in all spheres of life activity.

Family class immigrants to Canada 1981-1984: part 2: some aspects of social adaptation.

This paper examines the adaptation of Family Class immigrants in Canada in the acquisition of language proficiency, geographic mobility, education and training, government services used, and sponsorship of other Family Class immigrants. The data were acquired in a 1983 telephone survey of 1400 immigrants in 5 metropolitan areas (Toronto, Montreal, Winnipeg, Calgary, and Vancouver). In the sample, 1) 2/5 were male; 2) 40% were age 35 or over; 3) 69% of the men and 64% of the women reported good or excellent spoken English; and 4) the average family size varied by origin, from 2.5 to 4.7, with the average being 3.9. Close to 75% from South Asia, Central and South America, the Middle East, Africa, and Western Europe and 50% from other parts of Europe had excellent or good fluency in spoken English. No ability to speak English was 3 times greater for immigrants aged 55-64 compared to those aged 18-24. More than 46% of the sample reported having taken classes in Canada that lasted more than 2 weeks. English courses predominated with occupational courses close behind, followed by general education courses. In 68% of cases, occupational courses helped immigrants improve their occupational ability. Immigrants perceived English courses to be slightly more helpful in finding employment (36%) than occupational courses (33%). 3/4 of the sample lived in the same dwelling as 12 months before; 23% had moved to a different dwelling in the same municipality. 2/3 moved to live in a better dwelling or neighborhood or because they bought a house. 4/5 of Family Class immigrants did not receive any services from Canada Employment Centres. Over 95% reported that a nuclear family member acted as their sponsor. The propensity to sponsor a relative varies by age, sex, marital status, occupation, income, length of time in Canada, number and type of relatives, and country of origin. Their sponsorship rate is not higher than rates reported in other studies. The author concludes that contrary to popular beliefs, Family Class immigrants are socially adapting to life in Canada rather rapidly.

Personal satisfaction and role performance: Subjective and social aspects of adaptation.

Chez 56 familles ayant emigre recemment en Australie sont examinees les correlations possibles entre leur situation actuelle comparee a leur situation dans le pays d'origine, l'appreciation de leur performance dans differents roles sociaux d'apres leurs partenaires, et l'estime de soi

Personal satisfaction and role performance: Subjective and social aspects of adaptation.

Personal satisfaction and role performance: Subjective and social aspects of adaptation.