Social Ascension Research Articles

A mixed methods study of suicide protective factors in college students

IntroductionMental health professionals, teachers, families, and public administrators are concerned about suicide rates among young people, particularly in the university context. For every ten college students worldwide, three attempt suicide in their lifetime, and two experience suicidal ideation. Reducing these rates requires interventions that recognize the problem in terms of risk factors and protective factors.ObjectiveThe general aim of the study was to map the protective factors for suicide among college students, as perceived by them, mental health professionals, and coordinators of undergraduate courses in a public university in the North of Brazil.MethodsThe study followed an exploratory, mixed-method design. Data were collected through interviews and the application of a questionnaire with 54 participants, including college students (n = 20), mental health professionals (n = 22), and course coordinators (n = 12). Data were analyzed using Content Analysis and simple descriptive statistics.ResultsThe findings show that the protective factors for suicide most cited among the three groups were social support, strengthening of internal resources, institutional support, and finding meaning about the change to enter the university. Although the three audiences did not converge, the protective factors also frequently reported were psychological treatment, leisure activities, religious engagement, medical treatment, civic engagement, employability, opportunities for social ascension offered by the university, and quality family relationships.ConclusionIt is suggested that these protective factors are considered when formulating policies to promote mental health and suicide prevention in the university environment.

Favoured subjects. The myth of the Middle Class and the imaginary of Cluj IT

Abstract Romanian IT professionals are marketized as young, highly skilled, and full of potential individuals. However, there is a contradiction in their image. In the discourse of international outsourcing, they are presented as cheap labour, while on the national and local level they are considered high earners. Under the privilege of income tax exemption, the IT sector is continuously growing and attracting labour, providing well-paying entry-level jobs and bringing in foreign capital. At the same time, on a symbolic level, it also developed a reputation as a facilitator of social ascension and of importer of European ideas. In this paper I aim to examine what drives people towards professional reorientation to IT. How is the idea of the middle class being used? What is the imaginary that makes people take on the risky and arduous road of re-professionalization and what are its consequences?

Interrogating the Color Line: A Critique of Two-Race Culture and the Possibility of an Inclusive Blackness in “The Wife of His Youth”

Charles Chesnutt’s works have been extensively studied for their exploration of cultural and racial hybridity, as they demonstrate a radical impulse to reject the postbellum American notion of a Manichaean racial divide. Chesnutt’s discussion of the black question revolves around cross-fertilization and inner conflicts that stem from cultural, racial amalgamation. In challenging the notion of race as a cultural construct, Chesnutt opposes two-race politics, envisioning a racial landscape that goes beyond both cultural assimilation and ethnic enclave-building.
 This paper explores Chesnutt’s “The Wife of His Youth”, analyzing how the protagonist, Mr. Ryder, a literate upper-middle-class mulatto, navigates cultural divides between the North and the South, and between dark-skinned blacks and mulattoes. He undergoes an identity crisis, having implicitly internalized white codes for social ascension that stigmatize blackness, and Chesnutt’s critique of such an assimilationist drive is made evident when he fiercely repudiates the black extinction theory and Jim Crow legislation with his non-essentialist concept of race. Ultimately, Mr. Ryder turns to bridging the intra-racial gaps by acknowledging his wife from a slave marriage, heralding a new direction for cultural convergence. Through such a move—his sense of belonging to both the North and the South, his affiliation with both the bourgeoisie and the lower class, and the tensions between his future aspirations and personal history—Chesnutt suggests, all might advance toward the possibility of reconciliation through inclusive black community building, though not without struggles.

‘Cantare alla greca con citere e violini’: Western Musical Transfers and Localisations in Early Modern Crete

During the late mediaeval and early modern periods, Crete was the most important Venetian colony, giving the Republic almost unchallenged commercial and military control of the eastern Mediterranean. Based on archive and documentary evidence, this article discusses the role played by music as a means of social and cultural control over the native Cretan population.
 After a brief introduction to the history of the Venetian domination of Crete (aka Venetocracy) and of its impact on local literature and visual arts, the first section deals with the presence of Western music in the Venetian secular and religious institutions. From a very early stage, Venice started employing locals as civic musicians (mostly trumpeters and ‘piffari’). For the locals themselves, a stable role in the local musical institution represented an opportunity for income and social ascension; for the Republic, meanwhile, it was a means of political and cultural control. Music was also central to religious institutions, as documented by archive sources. The main churches and monasteries on the island had instruments and singers and provided training for the Catholic clergy and musicians.
 The article goes on to explore the dissemination of Western secular instrumental and polyphonic practices in the main Cretan cities, taking as a case study literary sources dating from the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries which testify to polyphonic compositions in Greek, such as madrigals and incidental music. A last example is represented by the chivalric romance Erotokritos, containing references to Western musical symbolism, such as the myth of Orpheus as a good rhetor and sovereign, and the lute representing civic harmony. Written by a Hellenised Venetian nobleman, Erotokritos represents the most manifest case of musical values being used for pro-Venetian propaganda.

Adaptação e relações dos trabalhadores da construção civil com o lugar e a balnearização de Matinhos, Paraná, Brasil

The research was developed in Matinhos, on the coast of Paraná, a traditional tourist destination for sun and beach in the South of Brazil, based on the following question: how was the universe of work and life of construction workers constituted in the process of seaside resort transformation? As in other global coastal territories near large urban centers, urban expansion and verticalization, settlement, and population growth were phenomena directly related to beach and tourist use. The objective of this investigation was to analyze the universe of the construction workers and their contribution in the trajectory of the municipality, especially the process of settlement between 1980 and 2000. The comprehensions of welcoming people in the process of settling in the municipality, the mobility or social ascension, as well as the relations of belonging were analyzed. The research adopted a qualitative approach, with a case study design, and the techniques used for data collection were semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that the interviewees, coming from rural areas and with economic fragility, mentioned initial difficulty in adapting, however, from experiences lived they have created relationships of belonging consistent with the place and experienced social mobility and ascension, with routines linked to the dynamics of the beach.

The origins of the Lamberg family in Carniola (with an emphasis on the Kamen and Gutenberg family lines)

The Lamberg family appeared in Carniola in the second third of the fourteenth century. Their fertility and shrewd political acumen paved the path to their social ascension and territorial expansion. By the sixteenth century, they had made their way into the most prominent offices in the administration of the Carniolan provincial estates. One of the most competent representatives of the family was Baron Jakob from the Kamen line, who is believed to have written the first family genealogy in 1559. This document, combined with another contemporaneous record, became the main source for future genealogists and historians who uncritically copied it, including the erroneous data that are presented, explained, and corrected in the contribution at hand. Then follows the biographical presentation of the family based on preserved sources. The article also presents the members of the family of ministeriales from Rittersberg, who were presumably the predecessors of the Lambergs.

A COMODITIZAÇÃO DAS VAGAS DE EMPREGO: PRÁTICAS DE MERCADO DAS AGÊNCIAS DE EMPREGO COM COBRANÇA DE TAXAS NO RIO DE JANEIRO (1950-1975)

Abstract “Labor is not a commodity”: One of the earliest understandings of this maxim concerns the intermediation of employment by supporting policies to extinguish the fees charged to workers for their placement. In Brazil, employment agencies fees never disappeared. The article goes back to the period of expansion of private intermediation in Rio de Janeiro, from 1950 to 1975, to observe their market practices. In order to attract job seekers and convince them to pay for an intermediation service, we argue that those actors performed the commodityhood of job vacancies. We analyzed a sample of 3556 job and employment agencies ads published in the Jornal do Brasil, from 1945 to 1975, highlighting three social processes of commoditization of job vacancies: the objectivation of job vacancies as “real things to be bought,” the performing of profusion and collection of job vacancies as “things to be chosen,” and the social ascension rhetoric of the unemployed to the status of customer. With the employment agencies work market, the world of labor appears as colonized by techniques, codes, and expectations from world of mass consumption.

Social Class in the Czech Physicians’ Quest for Professional Authority and Social Acknowledgement, 1830s–1930s

In the mid-nineteenth century, physicians in the Czech lands could claim neither elite status as a professional group nor unquestioned authority in the medical field. Despite the legal protection granted by the Habsburg Monarchy, they did not have an efficient monopoly on medical authority and practice and had to face fierce competition from lay healers, male and female, and other medical professionals. This article examines how Czech-speaking physicians navigated social dynamics in nineteenth-century society in urban and rural areas and how they strove to strengthen their authority in the medical field both through appeals to their professional credentials and through class and gender discourses. We identify individual strategies of social ascension and collective efforts to boost the standing and authority of the whole professional group. Practices such as socializing in patriotic circles and authoring medical guidebooks for laymen proved as important as publications in the professional press and the work of professional associations in this complex effort, which was eventually crowned with success in interwar Czechoslovakia.

Wall Street: on capitalism and the predatory instinct

ABSTRACT Financial markets have a social history. In the 19th century, birth of capital markets led to the birth of the stock exchange novel, which inspired H de Balzac, E Zola, etc. During the 1980s, the financialization of the economy saw the cinema captured this change through the financial thriller. Oliver Stone’s Wall Street (1987) inaugurates a list of recent movies that deals with the stock exchange. The film Wall Street shows us that financial activity allows rapid social ascension. The stock market activity is presented as a zero-sum game. Money simply passes from one pocket to another by the virtue of magic. The dynamic of capitalism thus finds part of their source in the greed of the individuals that it exploits. The market is the place where another form of economic rationality unfolds in the form of an instinct for predation which is not burdened by morality.

E-sports and sports cyberculture: perspectives of social actors in this universe

This study is an analysis of e-sports, understanding them as a particular way of sports culture expression in line with the contemporary social paradigm that implies cyberculture. The main objective of this study is to analyze the sports cyberculture meanings for social actors involved in the e-sports universe. Thus, through a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 2 cyberathletes and 1 streamer. Results show that sport cyberculture is appropriated by those social actors with expectations towards building a career, and on the growth of the modality and the public amid perceptions and experiences of prejudice. It is concluded that sports cyberculture produces and reflects practices, attitudes and values ​​similar to the conventional way of experiencing sport, reproducing stereotypes and prejudices, dreams of social ascension and professionalization perspectives.

Racial glass ceiling

According to the neoliberal mantra, anyone who is willing to work hard can get ahead in our society. In an era when belief in the myth of meritocracy has become widespread, greater social mobility would represent the promise of escape from rising social inequality. This paper challenges this myth and offers insight into the fallacy of individualized explanations of the role of merit in social ascension. Drawing on 103 interviews with first-in-family (FIF) minority Roma graduates in Hungary, and using the lens of intersectionality, it explores the hidden barriers to career advancement for those Roma professionals whose parents do not have a degree. The paper shows how the intersections of class and racialised minority status matter in relation to what career one has in the labour market. It illuminates why FIF Roma professionals can rarely enter elite occupations and why, career wise, they tend to concentrate in jobs dealing with Roma issues. It explores the effect of the dynamic interaction of structural hidden mechanisms and the Roma’s response/adaptation to them that contribute both to Roma professionals’ labour market segmentation and to the phenomenon of the glass ceiling. The paper calls these two characteristics of the labour market situation of the FIF Roma graduates the racial glass ceiling.

The Lottery Fantasy and Social Mobility in Eighteenth-Century Venetian Literature: Carlo Goldoni, Pietro Chiari, and Giacomo Casanova

ABSTRACT This article examines the lottery fantasy as a cultural figure and literary topic in the works of Carlo Goldoni, Pietro Chiari, and Giacomo Casanova. The lottery fantasy is to be understood as the dream of social ascension through sudden, life-changing wealth, which exercised a powerful allure on eighteenth-century Europe. The three authors addressed this figure in literary form, through the comedy, the novel, and the memoir, giving distinctly different representations and moral assessments of the lottery as a social and cultural practice. Despite their differences, all three works engage with the fundamental issue underlying the lottery fantasy: an increasing pressure towards social mobility in the nonmeritocratic society of the Old Regime. The article uses Roger Caillois’ categorisation of play as an analytical lens for examining how the three works link the aleatory game of the lottery to cultural practices aimed at meritocratic, social mobility.

FROM MANGAIEIROS GRANDFATHERS TO CHEMISTRY TEACHER: NARRATIVE OF THE ETHOS OF SOCIAL ASCENSION OF A FAMILY

The objective of this research is to identify the knowledge of a young man who became a professor of Chemistry who came from a generation of manga and illiterate grandparents, in this case this narrative was created articulated with the theorization of Bernard Charlot, Pierre Bourdieu, Constantin Xypas, Boris Cyrulnik, John Bowlby and Algirdas Greimas. The methodology used for data collection was the “Self-reflective Narrative Actancial” together with the family report. In view of the description, we identified the dynamics that make up the family and the characteristics of the “relationship with knowledge”, “the tutors of resilience”, “attachment theory”, the ways and reasons for understanding yourself, others and the world and understand social ascension. We conclude that the relationship with the knowledge of the character's narrative shows a turnaround in his life, from early years in basic education to higher education due to his unlikely school success, it is possible to conclude that there is an absence of some elements seen as indispensable to achieve the goal. school success. And during his trajectory the character had the help of teachers - tutors of resilience, and adjuvants who helped to overcome each obstacle and achieve academic success. The character was identified as a resilience tutor who is that person who goes beyond the idea of ​​helpers that allows us to overcome a trauma, they are people with whom the subject creates a bond.

Formation of Social Entrepreneurial Intention: A Qualitative Grounded Approach at the Base of the Pyramid

While there have been some attempts at investigating and theorizing social entrepreneurial action at the base of the economic pyramid, our understanding of the processes contributing to the formation of social entrepreneurial intention in contexts of extreme poverty remain limited. In this study, we aim to address this gap by providing a better understanding of the formation of social entrepreneurial intentions of youths at the base of the economic pyramid. Drawing on a qualitative grounded approach, we highlight the role of self-confidence, perceived self-efficacy and social ascension beliefs as important drivers in understanding the formation of social entrepreneurial intention of youths at the base of the pyramid. At a practical level, our study suggests that besides developing entrepreneurship-specific knowledge, support mechanisms should also pay attention to the development of different self-related beliefs of youths to enable the formation of social entrepreneurial intention at the base of the pyramid.

Moto-contínuo: deslocamentos de travestis em uma perspectiva etnográfica

Abstract Intense mobility is a characteristic observed in the context of travestis who work in sex markets. Studies on the subject usually emphasize that this mobility is related to a project of refinement, social ascension, and greater social, symbolic, and economic well-being, besides serving as a project of transformation and beautification of the bodies. Based on ethnographic work, I argue that, in order to understand the various orders of displacements of travestis, it is necessary to understand such movements as a perpetual motion machine, and not as being determined by imperatives that would necessarily lead to displacements from one place to another in search of something - much less something exceptional. In the observed context, displacements are a way of being in the world. Events occur during the displacements, not because of them.

A (IN)VISIBILIDADE DAS IDENTIDADES NEGRAS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE LÍNGUA PORTUGUESA: ANÁLISE INTERCULTURAL DE SABERES EM CIRCULAÇÃO NA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA

This article discusses the ideological and sociocultural principles that guide language teaching practices in two Portuguese textbooks (Mother Language and Additional Language) to analyze how language contributes to the construction of social identities. The concepts of interculturality (WASH, 2009), identity construction (HALL, 2007; GOMES, 2003) and intersectionality (CRENSHAW, 2002; AKOTIRENE, 2019) supported the comparison between textbooks and they made it possible to observe how the structural racism of Brazilian society is represented in each of them. Based on documentary research, of an interpretative nature, a corpus was constituted with texts, images and activities that addressed the black identity (GOMES, 2003) in the two works. The results show that black identities have restricted space in both books, contributing to the maintenance of the invisibility of black identities, and that only the book for foreigners presents black people in a situation of social ascension. This worries us to find alternatives to discuss the diversity that characterizes Brazilian society at school.

Antioxidant capacity differs across social ranks and with ascension in males of a group-living fish

Animals that live in groups often form hierarchies in which an individual's behaviour and physiology varies based on their social rank. Occasionally, a subordinate can ascend into a dominant position and the ascending individual must make rapid behavioural and physiological adjustments to solidify their dominance. These periods of social transition and instability can be stressful and ascending individuals often incur large metabolic costs that could influence their oxidative status. Most previous investigations examining the link between oxidative status and the social environment have done so under stable social conditions and have evaluated oxidative status in a single tissue. Therefore, evaluations of how oxidative status is regulated across multiple tissues during periods of social flux would greatly enhance our understanding of the relationship between oxidative status and the social environment. Here, we assessed how antioxidant capacity in three tissues (brain, gonad, and muscle) varied among dominant, subordinate, and ascending males of the group-living cichlid fish, Neolamprologus pulcher. Antioxidant capacity in the brain and muscle of ascending males was intermediate to that of dominant (highest levels) and subordinate males (lowest levels) and correlated with differences in social and locomotor behaviours, respectively. Gonad antioxidant capacity was lower in ascending males than in dominant males. However, gonad antioxidant capacity was positively correlated with the size of ascending males' gonads suggesting that ascending males may increase gonad antioxidant capacity as they develop their gonads. Overall, our results highlight the widespread physiological consequences of social ascension and emphasize the importance of tissue-specific measures of oxidative status.

Lipski, Jakub. Painting the Novel: Pictorial Discourse in Eighteenth-Century English Fiction.

Lipski, Jakub. <i>Painting the Novel: Pictorial Discourse in Eighteenth-Century English Fiction</i>.

Racialisation rules: The effect of educational upward mobility on habitus

This paper explores the subjective experiences of education-driven upward mobility among firstin-family majority and minority (Roma) graduates in Hungary. The central question is how social ascension through educational mobility and the concomitant movement between different social worlds influence the habitus. Under what conditions does the habitus become destabilised as a result of upward mobility? The paper benefits from the empirical results of a 3-year study during which our research team has conducted 153 life history interviews with first-generation graduates in Hungary. The inclusion criteria for the sample of our study was that respondents had to complete college or university despite none of their parents have had a university degree. We identified the most important factors that contribute to the destabilisation of the habitus, either temporary or permanent. We examined the social and geographical range of our respondents’ education-driven mobility; the speed and the destination of their mobility (field of occupation); their belonging to the majority or a minority group; and the mobility aspirations of their family of origin (or the lack thereof). We explore the effect of these factors through an intersectional lens. We demonstrate that the unique combination and intersection of these factors greatly affect the subjective experience of mobility. However, some biographical conditions and contingencies also play a role in the outcome of upward mobility. According to our results, the dislocation of habitus is a particularly common experience for our Roma interviewees, at least at some stage of their mobility trajectory. This is because they have to carry the psychic burden of race in a society where institutional racism is permeated in many areas of everyday life and the question of loyalty to their group of origin is more complicated for them.

Seeking tirelessly for better health and life conditions for the child with myelomeningocele.

Objective:to understand the experience of families in the care of children with myelomeningocele.Method:a qualitative research study, which adopted Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as its theoretical and methodological framework, and the semi-structured interview as a data collection instrument. Twenty-eight participants from thirteen families living in a municipality in the inland of So Paulo took part in the study.Results:the family tirelessly seeks better health and life conditions for the child with myelomeningocele; aiming at the childs autonomy, it is mobilized to the necessary treatments, to learn the care, to adapt the routine, as well as to supply for all the childs needs so that it reaches potential development, looking for a less dependent future with inclusion and social ascension.Conclusion:family nursing shows potential support in the face of myelomeningocele, due to its ability to apprehend the family system, evaluate it and enable intervention proposals in the care process. In this study, rehabilitation nursing was also emphasized, since it goes together with the child and the family who experience myelomeningocele.