Social Appearance Anxiety Scale Research Articles

Exploring Gender Differences, Perceptions, and Behaviors: The Interplay Between Social Media Addiction and Social Appearance Anxiety Among Young Adults

The pervasive influence of social media has significantly impacted the mental health and well-being of young adults, particularly through increased social media addiction (SMA) and social appearance anxiety (SAA). Our study investigates the relationship between social media addiction and social appearance anxiety among young adults, highlighting the interplay between compulsive social media use and concerns about physical appearance. A sample of 549 undergraduate students from Turkey, including 339 females and 210 males, completed the Social Media Addiction Scale (SMAS) and the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS). Data were analyzed using correlation, independent t-tests, and linear regression to explore the relationships and differences between variables. Our study found significant relationships between SMA and SAA, with higher levels of addiction linked to increased appearance anxiety. Social comparison tendencies and photo-editing behaviors were also associated with higher SMA and SAA. No significant gender differences were observed, suggesting a universal impact of social media on these psychological issues. The findings underscore the intertwined nature of SMA and SAA, emphasizing the need for comprehensive interventions that address both aspects to improve mental health outcomes. Promoting positive self-comparisons and reducing photo-editing behaviors online can help mitigate the negative effects of social media use on young adults’ mental well-being.

The Relationship of Aesthetic Dentistry Practices with Depression and Social Appearance Anxiety in Young Women.

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between depression and social appearance anxiety in young female patients who applied for aesthetic dental treatment. The study was conducted in a single centre and included 56 female patients aged 18-35 years. The mean age of the participants was 22.27 ± 5.62 years. Participants were informed before treatment, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were administered. Immediately after the treatment and 1 month later, the SAAS and VAS were administered again. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used for the comparison of the data obtained and the Friedman test was used for temporal comparison. Multiple comparisons were made with Dunn's test. After aesthetic dental treatment, all participants' satisfaction with the appearance of their teeth increased, and social appearance anxiety decreased (p 0.001). The group with the lowest pretreatment satisfaction level was the group with moderate/high-level depressive symptoms. There was no correlation between the severity of depression and the increase in satisfaction after treatment (r = 0.247; p = 0.066). Satisfaction levels were similar in all depression groups after treatment. The group with the highest level of social appearance anxiety before and after treatment was the group with moderate/high-severity depressive symptoms. A moderate positive correlation was found between depression severity and social appearance anxiety (r = 0.4; p = 0.002). The severity of depressive symptoms seen before treatment does not affect the level of satisfaction after treatment. There is a decrease in social appearance anxiety after aesthetic dental treatment. There is a positive relationship between social appearance anxiety and depression severity.

Prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder, its clinical characteristics and psychiatric comorbidities in patients admitted to a plastic surgery outpatient clinic

Purpose The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), its clinical features, and comorbidities in patients applying for plastic and reconstructive surgery. Method Five-hundred and seventy nine participants who applied to the plastic and reconstructive surgery outpatient clinic completed a sociodemographic data form, and were subjected to the Body Perception Scale (seventy-nineBPS), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), TEMPS-A Temperament Scale, and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Participants who scored 135 or more on the BPS were included in a psychiatric interview. Next, the participants diagnosed with BDD were compared with participants with a high BPS scores but without a BDD diagnosis, along with a control group. Results The prevalence of BDD among all patients attending the plastic surgery outpatient clinic was found to be 4.7%, whereas the prevalence was 8.6% among those specifically seeking cosmetic procedures. The mean SAAS, BDI, TEMPS-A depressive, and anxious scores were higher in the BDD group compared to the controls (p < 0.001). The difference in the mean SAAS, BDI, TEMPS-A depressive, and anxious scores of the patients with a high BPS scores and the control group was comparable to the difference observed between the BDD and control groups. A regression analysis revealed that the SAAS and depressive temperament scores have an effect on the BPS score. Conclusion The significantly high comorbidity of BDD in patients seeking plastic and reconstructive surgery underscores the importance of identifying these patients to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures.

The effect of desire to be liked and social appearance anxiety on aesthetic surgery acceptance in female nurses

BackgroundA rapid increase has been observed in aesthetic surgery procedures in recent years and it has been determined that females have more aesthetic procedures. While different groups of female groups were taken as a sample in the studies, no study on female nurses was found. In this study, it is thought that psychological reasons such as stress, anxiety, desire to be liked and lack of self-confidence that lead women to plastic surgery will reduce the professional performance of nurses and this situation will create additional workload for other colleagues. Therefore, the aim of the study is to reveal the effect of desire to be liked and social appearance anxiety on the acceptance of female nurses to plastic surgery.MethodsThe population of the cross-sectional study consisted of 243.565 nurses working in public, private and university hospitals in Turkey. A questionnaire form was used as a data collection tool in the study. In the first part of the form, there are statements aiming to reveal the socio-demographic characteristics, social media usage levels and aesthetic surgery experiences of nurses, and in the second part, there is a desire to be liked scale, social appearance anxiety scale and aesthetic surgery acceptance scale. The 1004 questionnaire forms collected as a result of the study were subjected to percentage, frequency, correlation and regression analysis.Results41.2% of the nurses have had aesthetic procedures before and 68.4% of them want to have aesthetic procedures when there is an area they do not like in their body. A strong positive relationship was found between the desire to be liked, social appearance anxiety, and aesthetic surgery acceptance (r > 0.500, p < 0.01). Aesthetic surgery acceptance is affected by the desire to be liked and by social appearance anxiety.ConclusionIn the study, it was determined that social appearance anxiety and the desire to be liked led female nurses to plastic surgery. According to the results of similar studies conducted in different groups, it may be recommended that awareness training be organized both in schools and through digital media about the consequences of unnecessary plastic surgery.

The predictors of objectified body consciousness among adolescents: Socıal appearance anxiety and social media use

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of social appearance anxiety and social media addiction on objectified body consciousness among adolescents. MethodThis descriptive and cross-sectional study included 502 adolescents. The Child and Family Information Form, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, Objectified Body Consciousness Scale-Youth Form, and Social Media Addiction Scale for Adolescents were used to collect data. Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test and regression analysis were used. ResultsIn the study, being female, being pleased with one's weight, and following and being influenced by influencers all increase levels of self-objectification. It was found that social media addiction, social appearance anxiety, and self-objectification all have an effect on one another. ConclusionIt was concluded that social media usage characteristics, social media addiction, social appearance anxiety affect self-objectification.

Body image and social appearance anxiety in patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe body image of patients with cancer can be negatively affected due to treatment toxicities. Changes in body image may cause patients to experience social appearance anxiety. This study aimed to evaluate the body image and social appearance anxiety of patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy.MethodsThe cross-sectional study was conducted with 153 patients with cancer undergoing radiotherapy in a university hospital. The data were collected with a Patient Information Form, the Body Image Scale, and the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale and the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Skin Toxicity Criteria.ResultsPatients’ mean body image score was 15.18 ± 8.26 (min = 0, max = 30), mean social appearance anxiety score was 45.29 ± 14.50 (min = 16, max = 80). Patients with low education levels and low-income levels had higher body image and social appearance anxiety scores (p < 0.01). Body image and social appearance anxiety scores were found to be higher in patients with advanced cancer, grade III-IV skin toxicity, pain, fatigue, and constipation (p < 0.05).ConclusionsRadiotherapy may negatively affect body image and social appearance anxiety. Assessments of body image and social appearance anxiety regularly before, during, and after treatment are essential. Psychosocial support should be provided to patients to reduce body image and social appearance anxiety and increase their well-being. Patients with cancer especially those who have low income and education levels, advanced cancer stage and skin toxicity, and suffer from pain, fatigue, constipation, etc. should be supported by methods such as counseling and social support groups.

Social Appearance Anxiety, Self-Esteem, and Life Satisfaction Relationship in Individuals Who Have Undergone Aesthetic Procedures

Objective: The study aims to determine the relationship between social appearance anxiety, self-esteem, and life satisfaction of individuals who have had aesthetic procedures. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on individuals who applied to a private clinic in Samsun. The study involved 284 people who received aesthetic surgery services. The data of the study were collected online between August 2022 and October 2022. Study data were collected by questionnaire forms prepared on Google Forms. Study data were collected through four forms, namely, the personal introduction form, social appearance anxiety scale, life satisfaction scale, and Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Results: As a result of the study, there is a significant negative relationship between life satisfaction and social appearance anxiety (r=-0.393). There is a weak positive correlation between social appearance anxiety and self-esteem (r=0.168). There is a weak negative relationship between life satisfaction and self-esteem (r=-0.173). Conclusion: It has been determined that individuals with high social appearance anxiety have low life satisfaction. It may be appropriate for individuals with high social appearance anxiety to receive professional support to improve their quality of life.

Social Appearance Anxiety and Quality of Life among Adolescents with Acne

Background: Acne is a prevalent condition among adolescents, significantly impacting their psychological well-being and quality of life. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between acne, social appearance anxiety, and quality of life among adolescents in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Objective: To explore the relationship between acne, social appearance anxiety, and quality of life among adolescents aged 12-19 years and to identify significant predictors of quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 327 participants (181 males and 146 females) recruited through purposive sampling from various educational institutions in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Data were collected using the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Teenager's Quality of Life Index (T-QoL), informed consent forms, and a self-developed demographic sheet. Statistical analyses included correlation analysis, regression analysis, and t-tests using SPSS-21. Results: The study revealed a significant positive correlation between acne, social appearance anxiety, and quality of life (p &lt; 0.01). Social appearance anxiety was the most significant predictor of quality of life (B = 0.30, p &lt; 0.01), while age was the least significant (B = 0.23, p = 0.55). Females scored higher on quality of life (M = 12.93, SD = 7.37) compared to males (M = 12.80, SD = 6.64). Males scored higher on acne (M = 6.30, SD = 3.08) and social appearance anxiety (M = 41.31, SD = 13.74) compared to females (acne: M = 5.81, SD = 3.40; social appearance anxiety: M = 40.0, SD = 14.86). Conclusion: The study demonstrated that social appearance anxiety is a significant predictor of quality of life among adolescents with acne. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to improve the psychological well-being of adolescents affected by acne.

Self-Esteem, Social Appearance Anxiety and Quality of Life among Adolescents with Acne

Background: Acne is a common dermatological condition affecting adolescents, often leading to psychological issues such as low self-esteem and social appearance anxiety. Understanding the impact of acne on quality of life during adolescence is crucial for developing effective interventions. Objective: To explore the relationship between acne, self-esteem, social appearance anxiety, and quality of life among adolescents, and to identify gender differences and significant predictors of quality of life in this population. Methods: This cross-sectional study employed purposive sampling to recruit 327 adolescents aged 12-19 years from various educational institutions in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Participants completed the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Teenager's Quality of Life Index (T-QoL). Informed consent was obtained directly from participants aged 18 and older, and from guardians for those younger than 18. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, employing Pearson's correlation, t-tests, and linear regression to assess relationships and predictors. Reliability of the scales was confirmed, and psychometric properties were evaluated. Results: Significant correlations were found between acne and social appearance anxiety (r = 0.523, p &lt; 0.01), acne and self-esteem (r = -0.320, p &lt; 0.01), and acne and quality of life (r = 0.566, p &lt; 0.01). Females reported higher self-esteem (M = 27.46, SD = 4.59) compared to males (M = 26.33, SD = 3.50, t(325) = -2.52, p = 0.01). Social appearance anxiety was the most significant predictor of quality of life (β = 0.61, p &lt; 0.01), followed by self-esteem (β = -0.12, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Acne significantly impacts adolescents' psychological well-being, particularly through increased social appearance anxiety and reduced self-esteem. Gender differences highlight the need for tailored interventions. Addressing social appearance anxiety can improve the quality of life for adolescents with acne.

Concerns about fertility, social appearance, and relationships in young adults with polycystic ovary syndrome

ABSTRACT Background Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affecting 1–11% of reproductive-age women, is characterised by many symptoms that cause important concerns especially in young adults. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the concerns about fertility, social appearance, and relationships in young adults with PCOS. Methodology This descriptive study included 140 young female adults aged 18–26, who were diagnosed with PCOS, agreed to participate in the onlineresearch through social media between July and December 2022 in Turkey. Data were collected using the ’Participant Interview Form’ and the ”Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS). Results The mean age of the participants was 22.1 ± 2.1. As the most common symptoms, 78.6% experienced menstrual irregularities, 16.4% were overweight, 7.1% were obese, 67.1% had hirsutism and 65.7% had acne. Most of the participants expressed concerns about future infertility (72.9%), and worried about being unable to conceive due to PCOS in the future (sometimes = 61.4%). Over eighty percent of the participants expressed some level of dissatisfaction with their physical appearance. They commonly believe that their self-esteem, emotionalstate, social relationships and partner relationships could be negatively affected by PCOS. SAAS scores were significantly increased by low income, high BMI, hirsutism, dissatisfaction with physicalappearance, low self-esteem, emotional problems and concerns related to social and partner relationships (p < 0.05). Conclusion Young adults have common concerns about the potential negative impacts of PCOS on fertility, social appearance, and relationships. Health professionals should be aware of their counselling needs about the possible physical and psycho-social effects of PCOS and provide continuous care and support.

The effect of social appearance anxiety and loneliness on nomophobia levels of young adults

BackgroundNomophobia can be defined as a disorder in which people fear being away from their smartphone. Studies on the determinants of nomophobia in young adults seem to be limited. AimThis study aims to determine the levels of nomophobia, social appearance anxiety and loneliness in young adults and to examine the effects of social appearance anxiety and the level of social and emotional loneliness on nomophobia levels. DesignThis is a descriptive and correlational study. Data were collected from 687 young adults. Data were collected using the Information Form, the Nomophobia Scale, the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, and the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults. Descriptive and multiple linear regression statistics were used. ResultsThe mean Nomophobia Scale score of the participants was 73.76 ± 27.46, which points to moderate nomophobia levels. The findings revealed those with a high level of social appearance anxiety have higher nomophobia levels. It was revealed that social appearance anxiety, social and emotional loneliness explain 8 % (Adjusted R2 = 0.082) of the variance in the nomophobia. ConclusionA sample of 687 participants showed that young adults were relatively moderately nomophobic. In this study, social appearance anxiety, social and emotional loneliness was determined as predictor of nomophobia.

Social appearance anxiety among the dark tetrad and self-concealment

This study analyzed the effects of the Dark Tetrad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, sadism) and self-concealment on social appearance anxiety. Empirical investigations on which personality traits influence social appearance anxiety are yet missing. In this study, a sample of N = 1186 Chinese students performed a questionnaire-based survey assessing different personality facets and social appearance anxiety tendencies. Measures included the Narcissistic Personality Inventory, the Levenson Self-Report Psychopathy Scale, the Machiavellian Personality Scale, the Short Sadistic Impulse Scale, the Self-concealment Scale, and the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that psychopathy, Machiavellianism, sadism, and self-concealment positively predicted social appearance anxiety and narcissism negatively predicted social appearance anxiety. Machiavellianism, psychopathy, sadism, and self-concealment were positive predictors of social appearance anxiety, whereas narcissism was a negative predictor. These findings provide insight into the complex nature of the Dark Tetrad and their influence on social appearance anxiety.

Investigation of social appearance anxiety and self-esteem in individuals planned for aesthetic rhinoplasty.

Recently, aesthetic rhinoplasty surgeries performed to change the external appearance have become increasingly common, especially among young people. This study examined the frequency of social appearance anxiety, self-esteem, and social media use in people with rhinoplasty surgeries for aesthetic concerns. A total of 76 people, including 27 healthy controls and 49 aesthetic rhinoplasty planned cases, were included in the study. All participants were administered the sociodemographic data form, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), and Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BMSAS). The RSE score of the case group was significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001), and the SAAS (p=0.004) and BSMAS (p=0.005) scores were significantly higher. A significant negative correlation was observed between the RSE scale score, SAAS, and BMSAS. There was a significant positive relationship between SAAS and BSMAS. Cut-off values were determined using the ROC analysis. When the value of 1.41 was taken as the cut-off for RSE, 81.6% sensitivity and 74.1% specificity were found and were good predictors. When the value of 21 was taken as the cut-off for SAAS, 83.7% sensitivity and 51.9% specificity were found, and it was found to be a good predictor. When the value of 19 was taken as the cut-off for BSMAS, 42.9% sensitivity, and 88.9% specificity were found, and it was found to be a good predictor. People who undergo aesthetic rhinoplasty have high social appearance anxiety and self-esteem and frequent use of social media. More extensive sample studies are needed to examine the effects of this situation on rhinoplasty.

The effect of social appearance anxiety and body perception on the quality of life in burn patients.

This study was conducted with a descriptive and cross-sectional design to demonstrate the effect of social appearance anxiety and body perception on quality of life in burn patients. The study was conducted in the intensive care units and burn clinic of Elazığ Fırat University Hospital between 17 February 2022 and 30 April 2022. Data were collected from 94 burn patients using the Personal Information Form, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale, Body-Cathexis Scale and Quality of Life Scale-Short Form. Most participants were 30 years old and under, male, married, had no children and had an education level of high school or below. Most had social security and an income equal to their expenses. They were not uncomfortable with coming to the hospital, and 1-3 months had passed since the burn incident. They did not spend time outside, and most had no part of their bodies that they did not like, while 26.1% did not like their feet. A negative relationship was detected between the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale and Body-Cathexis Scale, and a positive relationship between the total and sub-dimensions of the Quality of Life Scale (p > 0.05). There was a negative relationship between the Body-Cathexis Scale and the Quality of Life Scale total and sub-dimensions (p < 0.05), and a positive relationship between the total and sub-dimensions of the Quality of Life Scale (p < 0.05).

Reliability Generalization of Social Appearance Anxiety Scale: A Meta Analysis Study

Reliability Generalization of Social Appearance Anxiety Scale: A Meta Analysis Study

Exploring the Mobile Mindscape: An investigation into the nexus of nomophobia, social appearance anxiety, and academic performance in physiotherapy students

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In the 21st century, nomophobia (NMP) is a growing problem as it results in various physical and mental health issues. NMP, or smartphone separation anxiety, has drawn greater attention because of its negative consequences. This study aims to investigate NMP’s correlation with social appearance anxiety and assess its influence on academic performance. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted using a validated NMP and Social Appearance Anxiety Scale questionnaire on the Google Forms platform. Two hundred forty-nine physiotherapy students participated in the survey. RESULTS: The participant’s mean age was 20.38 ± 2.32, with 43.4% of females and 56.6% of males. Among physiotherapy students, the prevalence of NMP was 99.6%. The total mean score of NMP was 79.51 ± 27.93, which suggests a moderate case of NMP. Social appearance anxiety and NMP were positively correlated (r = 0.266, P ≤ 0.001). The results showed a weak negative, insignificant correlation (r = -0.073, P = 0.251) between academic performance and NMP. CONCLUSION: Nomophobia is common in physiotherapy students with a major prevalence of moderate level, and it is positively correlated with social appearance anxiety.

The Relationship Between Peer Relationships and Social Appearance Anxiety in Teenagers

Friendship relationships contribute to teenagers' psychological, physiological, social, and emotional aspects. This study aimed to examine the relationship between peer relationships and social appearance anxiety in teenagers. The study sample comprised 412 teenagers. A "Personal Information Form," "Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS)," and "Peer Relationship Scale (PRS)” were used to collect the data. One-way ANOVA, t-test for independent groups and correlation analyzes were used in the analysis of the data. The results show that both friendship relations and social appearance concerns of teenagers are moderately positive. A non-significant relationship was obtained between social appearance anxiety and friendship relations. In the study, it was also determined that there was a significant, negative and low level relationship between the social appearance anxiety of teenagers and the variables of being satisfied with their gender and weight. Research findings also show that girls' mean social appearance anxiety levels are significantly higher than boys' mean. As a result, it can be stated that teenagers should be supported so that they are not adversely affected by social appearance anxiety.

Investigation of Social Media Addiction in Adolescents in Terms Of Social Appearance Anxiety and Social Desirability

When the studies are examined, it is seen that social media addiction (SMA) increases in adolescents with high social desirability and social appearance anxiety (SAA). For this reason, the aim of this research is to examine SMA in adolescents in terms of SAA and social desirability and to determine at what level social desirability and SAA predict SMA. The research was designed as a descriptive study in the relational survey model. A total of 484 students, 338 of whom were girls (69.8%) and 146 (30.2%) were boys studying at secondary school institutions of the central districts of Hatay province, participated in the study in which convenience sampling method. Social Media Addiction Scale, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale and Social Desirability Scale were used as data collection tools. T test and multiple regression analysis were used in the analysis of the data. As a result of the research, it was found that SMA and social desirability does not differ by gender and also it was seen that SAA differed significantly according to gender and girls were more concerned about their social appearance. In consequence of the research, it was also found that social desirability and SAA significantly predict SMA.

Otoplasty in Adults: Psychological Impacts on Quality of Life.

Psychological distress, emotional trauma, and behavioral problems related to prominent ears can cause complicated situations in children and adults. This study aimed to investigate the changes in the psychological impact on quality of life after Otoplasty. The study used several measures, including the Glasgow Benefit Inventory, Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Body Image Scale (BIS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Visual Analogue Score (VAS), which were completed before and six months after the surgery. The GBI questionnaire was used to detect the health-related quality of life changes after Otoplasty, as it is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure. Six months after the surgery, BIS total scores, VAS scores, and SAAS scores decreased significantly, while RSES scores were not significantly different. These results suggest that Otoplasty can significantly impact adult patients' psychological well-being and quality of life and that the surgery should be considered regardless of age.

Social Appearance Anxiety Scale: a psychometric investigation and evaluation of the influence of individual characteristics on social appearance anxiety in Brazilian adults who practice physical exercise.

Evaluating signs of anxiety related to body appearance is becoming increasingly important in contemporary society and, in this sense, the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) seems an interesting alternative of measurement. To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the SAAS when applied to Brazilian adults who practice physical exercise and verify the influence of individual characteristics on participants' social appearance anxiety. This was a cross-sectional study conducted online. The participants completed the SAAS and a demographic questionnaire. The psychometric properties of the SAAS one-factor model were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. A structural model was built for men and women to verify the influence of individual characteristics of the participants on social appearance anxiety. 1,495 individuals participated in the study (70.8% women; mean age = 29.5, SD = 8.9 years). The data obtained with the SAAS presented good indicators of validity and reliability for both genders (CFI > 0.97, TLI > 0.97, SRMR = 0.04, α > 0.97, ω > 0.85). For both men and women, greater levels of social appearance anxiety were observed among younger participants, who had a higher body mass index, self-reported an eating disorder, and perceived a change in their body after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. For women specifically, higher income and having started physical exercise more recently were associated with greater levels of social appearance anxiety. The findings supported the validity and reliability of the data obtained with the SAAS and revealed that when investigating social appearance anxiety in future research and clinical protocols, specific individual characteristics should be considered.