Snap Bean Cv Research Articles

Field evaluation of biostimulants on growth, flowering, yield, and quality of snap beans in subtropical environment

The cultivation of snap beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in subtropical regions faces environmental challenges leading to potential declines in yield. This study explores the efficacy of biostimulants as a solution, specifically investigating spraying treatments with 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA), chitosan (Ch), triacontanol (TRIA), and potassium silicate (KSi) on the snap bean cv. Paulista. Over two growing seasons with late sowing and elevated summer temperatures, the research assesses growth, flowering, yield, and quality. Notably, 5 ppm TRIA demonstrates the most significant impact on plant growth and leaf nutrient content. Treatments with 40 ppm 6-BA, 5 ppm TRIA, or 200 ppm KSi exhibit notable effects on inflorescence flower count and flowers per plant. These treatments prove most effective for crucial green pod yield measures, including the number and weight of marketable pods. Moreover, 40 ppm 6-BA or 5 ppm TRIA significantly enhances pod characteristics, such as length, diameter, and weight, consistently improving over both seasons. Particularly, 5 ppm TRIA outperforms in enhancing the chemical quality of pods throughout the study. Overall, the findings suggest that the application of 5 ppm TRIA offers the most favorable enhancements for the growth, flowering, productivity, and quality of snap bean plants in subtropical field conditions.

Biofortification efficiency with magnesium salts on the increase of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in snap beans

ABSTRACT: Biofortification of food crops is implemented through the application of mineral fertilizers, to improve the levels of essential mineral elements for human nutrition. Magnesium is a key macronutrient in crop production and quality; however, worldwide, it is the most limiting macronutrient in agriculture. Magnesium plays an important role in manipulating physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of biofortification with magnesium chloride and sulfate on the accumulation of bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity in snap bean cv. Strike. Two sources of Magnesium were applied via edaphic route: Magnesium chloride and magnesium sulfate at doses of 0, 50, 100 and 200 ppm during 2018 in Mexico. Accumulation of bioactive compounds (total phenols, total flavonoids and total anthocyanins) and antioxidant capacity in snap bean fruits were evaluated. Results obtained indicate that the concentration of total flavonoids, total anthocyanins and antioxidant capacity in the edible parts of snap beans were higher in the MgSO4 treatment than in the MgCl2 treatments, exceeding 30, 59 and 6% respectively. This is one of the first studies on the edaphic agronomic biofortification of Mg+ and its effect on nutraceutical quality in snap bean. An interesting result is that MgSO4 produced high concentrations of anthocyanins in edible snap beans. These results can be applied as a new strategy to reduce malnutrition and improve the health of the population in poor urban and rural communities in developing countries.

Response of Snap Bean Plants to some Treatments under Temperature Stress Conditions

This work was carried out at the Experimental Farm of El-Baramoon Research Station, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt, during the early winter season of 2017/2018 and 2018/2019 and late summer seasons of 2018 and 2019 to study the effect of soil applications, i.e., seaweed (5 gm/100 L) (feldspar 75 kg/fed.), foliar applications, i.e., chitosan (175 ppm), yeast extract (20 ml/l), proline (50 ppm), salysilic acid (150 ppm), ascorbic acid (200 ppm), potassium silicate (100 ppm), ATP (0.03 gm/l), Royal jelly (0.1 g/l), fulvic acid (0.25 g/l) and citric acid (0.3 g/l). on growth, yield and chemical composition on snap bean cv. Giza 6. The obtained results revealed that, summer season data gave higher value of growth, yield and chemical composition of plants compared with the winter seasons date. Soil addition with seaweed at 5gm/l and spraying chitosan at 175 ppm gave the highest growth, yield and chemical components of bean plants, followed by yeast extract at 20 ml/l, and proline at 50 ppm. Sowing snap bean cv. Giza 6 in 20th May with adding seaweed as a soil at 5 gm/l and spraying with chitosan at 175 ppm introduced the best interaction with respect to growth, yield and chemical composition of plant. From the obtained results it could be recommended that sowing snap bean cv. Giza 6 in 20th May with seaweed extract addition at 5g/100 L. and spraying with chitosan at 175 ppm and/or yeast extract at 20 ml/l, and/or proline at 50 ppm improved growth, yield and chemical composition of snap bean growing at summer season.

EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER QUANTITY AND SOME ANTIOXIDANTS ON YIELD AND SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS OF SNAP BEAN GROWN UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS

A field experiment was carried out during the two successive summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 under sandy soil conditions at EL-Khattara Experimental Farm, Fac. Agric., Zagazig University, to study the effect of irrigation water quantity (1000, 1500 and 2000 m3/fed.) and foliar spray with some antioxidants (salicylic cid at 200 ppm, ascorbic acid at 300 ppm beside control treatments ( sprayed with tap water ) on growth, plant water relationship, yield and pod quality of snap bean cv, Bronco. The most important findings could be summarized as follows: The interactions between irrigation of snap bean plants at 2000 m3/fed. and spraying with SA at 200 ppm recorded the highest values of dry weight of branches, leaves and total dry weight/ plant, increasing chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll (a+b) in leaf tissues, average pod weight , yield / plant and total pods yield/fed., and TSS in green pods. However, the interaction between irrigation water quantity at 2000 m3/fed. and spraying with ascorbic acid at 300 ppm recorded the highest values of total and free water (%) in leaf tissues and total carbohydrates and Vit. C in green pods in both seasons, whereas interaction treatment between 1000 m3 water/fed., without antioxidants resulted in the highest values represented bound water and proline amino acid in leaf tissues and total fiber contents in green pods. On the other hand, the interactions between irrigation water quantity at 1000 m3 water/ fed., and spraying with SA at 200 ppm recorded the highest values of water use efficiency (2.692 and 2.731 kg green pods/m3 water) in the 1st and 2nd seasons, respectively.

EFFECT OF ALGAE AND YEAST EXTRACTS AS FOLIAR APPLICATION ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF SNAP BEAN GROWN UNDER SANDY SOIL CONDITIONS

A field experiment was carried out during the two successive summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 under sandy soil conditions at El-Khattara Experimental Farm, Fac. Agric., Zagazig University, to study the effect of algae extract at 0, 1 and 2 ml/l, and yeast extract at 0, 5 and 10 g/l as foliar application and their interactions on growth, chemical constituents, yield and pod quality of snap bean cv, Bronco. The most important findings could be summarized as follows: The interaction treatment between spraying snap bean with algae extract at 2 ml/l, and yeast extract at 10 g/l increased plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, shoot dry weight , chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll (a+b) in leaf tissues, N,P and K contents in shoots and its uptake by shoots, average pod length , pod weight , yield / plant, and total pods yield/fed., total carbohydrates, TSS and total protein in green pods and lowest total fiber content in green pods. However, this treatment recorded a high relative increases in total yield/fed. were about 69.5 % over the control as average of two seasons.

Mitigation of Salinity Stress Effects on Growth, Physio-Chemical Parameters and Yield of Snapbean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) by Exogenous Application of Glycine Betaine

Pots experiment was carried out during season 2017 at greenhouse of the Agric. Bot. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt to evaluate the effect of glycine betaine (GB) application under salinity stress (50 and100 mM NaCl) on growth, physio-chemical analysis and yield of snap bean cv. Bronco. A complete randomized blocks design was used in this search with three replications. Growth parameters, chlorophyll content and green pod yield were significantly decreased with subjecting plants to NaCl. However foliar application of GB detoxified the stress generated by NaCl and significantly improved the above mention parameters. Salinity stress increased the electrolyte leakage (EL) and decreased membrane stability index (MSI) and relative water content (RWC). While foliar application of GB was improved MSI and RWC and minimized EL. Proline content and antioxidant enzymes significantly increased in the response to NaCl stress as well as GB application.

Mitigation of Salinity Stress Effects on Growth, Physio-Chemical Parameters and Yield of Snapbean (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.) by Exogenous Application of Glycine Betaine

Pots experiment was carried out during season 2017 at greenhouse of the Agric. Bot. Dep., Fac. of Agric., Zagazig Univ., Egypt to evaluate the effect of glycine betaine (GB) application under salinity stress (50 and100 mM NaCl) on growth, physio-chemical analysis and yield of snap bean cv. Bronco. A complete randomized blocks design was used in this search with three replications. Growth parameters, chlorophyll content and green pod yield were significantly decreased with subjecting plants to NaCl. However foliar application of GB detoxified the stress generated by NaCl and significantly improved the above mention parameters. Salinity stress increased the electrolyte leakage (EL) and decreased membrane stability index (MSI) and relative water content (RWC). While foliar application of GB was improved MSI and RWC and minimized EL. Proline content and antioxidant enzymes significantly increased in the response to NaCl stress as well as GB application.

Response of snap bean growth and seed yield to seed size, plant density and foliar application with algae extract

Two field experiments were conducted during the two growing summer seasons of 2013 and 2014, at the experimental farm of vegetables at Kaha, Qalyubia Governorate, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Egypt, in order to investigate the effect of seed size, plant density and foliar application with some algae extracts on growth and seed yield of snap bean cv. valentino. A split–split plot design was used with three replications, where three sizes i.e., large, small and control (without grading) were randomly distributed in the main plots, two plant density rates (22 and 33 plants per m2) arranged in subplots and foliar spray with seaweed extract (algost), fresh water algae (spirulina), mixture of them and control (sprayed with distilled water) allocated in sub–subplots. Results showed a clear positively enhancement of plant vegetative growth parameters, chlorophyll, N, P, and K contents of leaves and seed yield quantity and quality positively by sowing large seeds compared with other seed sizes. Meanwhile, higher plant density (33 plants per m2) gave the highest values of plant length and seed yield per feddan, while the lower plant density (22 plants per m2) gave the highest values in other studied parameters except weight of 100 seeds where there were no significant differences between the two plant densities. All foliar applications with algae extracts significantly increased all the studied parameters compared to the control treatment. The superior application was the mixture of seaweeds and fresh water algae extracts together followed by seaweed extract alone in the two seasons, respectively.

The Utilize of Vermicomposting Outputs in Substrate Culture for Producing Snap Bean

The need for increasing the agricultural area to secure food production and the sustainability under the climate change impacts and current conditions of Egypt, especially the shortage of available water and soil were the driving forces for developing ecology substrate culture via using vermicomposting outputs. The study was carried out at Central Laboratory for Agricultural Climate (CLAC), Giza, Egypt under unheated double span plastic house during two successive autumn seasons of 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 for investigating the effect of vermicompost as substrate amendment mixed with perlite or sand in different proportions 0, 10, 20 and 30 % of substrate combined with three sources of nutrient solutions (compost tea, vermi-liquid and chemical) on the growth and yield of snap bean cv. Alhamma in split plot design with four replicates. Data revealed that increasing vermicompost rate from 0 to 20 % had positive significant effects on vegetative growth, yield and quality of snap bean pods while increasing the rate up to 30 % had no subsequent effect. Sand + vermicompost (80: 20 v/v) followed by perlite + vermicompost (80: 20 v/v) recorded the highest results of the vegetative growth characteristics during the two successive seasons compared to other treatments. The highest values of early and total yield / m2 were recorded by sand + vermicompost (80: 20 v/v) 1494 and 6947 g / m2 during the first season, respectively. In addition, it recorded the highest early yield on the second season (1552 g / m2). While treatment of sand + vermicompost (70: 30 v/v) recorded the highest total yield (7035 g/ m2). Otherwise, obtained results of the effect of nutrient solution sources indicated that the chemical nutrient solution recorded the highest vegetative growth traits and yield characteristics. Perlite + vermicompost (70: 30 v/v) combined with chemical nutrient solution had the highest results of early (1605) and total yield (7734) (g / m2). The study supports the use of vermicompost as substrate amendment and compost tea and vermi-liquid as a source of nutrient solution in ecology soilless production of snap bean plants. The environmental impacts of vermicomposting could create sustainable source of organic substrate and fertilizer besides mitigating CO2 emission.

First Report of Sida micrantha mosaic virus in Phaseolus vulgaris in Brazil.

Snap and common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are severely affected by Bean golden mosaic virus (BGMV) infection, so far the only begomovirus reported on these crops in Brazil (1). Samples of snap and common beans colonized by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B and displaying golden mosaic, chlorotic spots, and leaf distortion were collected in three production regions in Goiás State (Goianápolis, Luziânia, and Itaberaí) between 2003 and 2007. Total DNA extracted from leaf samples was used as template in PCR assays using universal primers targeting conserved regions of the DNA-A and DNA-B genomes (3). Begomovirus-specific amplicons were observed only with DNA template from symptomatic plants. Two single amplicons were observed for both genomic segments, indicating the presence of bipartite species in all samples. Sequence analysis of four isolates (named as GO-176, GO-260, GO-354, and GO-368) obtained from common bean samples indicated identity levels of approximately 95% with the DNA-A segment of BGMV (GenBank Accession No. FJ665283). However, the complete DNA-A sequence (GenBank Accession No. HM357459.1) of the GO-060 isolate (from a symptomatic snap bean plant collected in Goianápolis) displayed 76% identity with BGMV (GenBank Accession No. FJ665283) and 95% identity with the DNA-A of a Sida micrantha mosaic virus (SimMV) isolate (GenBank Accession No. EU908733.1) reported to be infecting okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) and 94.8% with a SimMV isolate reported to be infecting soybean (GenBank Accession No. FJ686693) in Brazil (2). Koch's postulates were fulfilled for the isolate GO-060 by inoculating a set of soybean and bean accessions via a biolistic approach. The ratio of positive PCR amplicons per total of inoculated plants were 15 of 16 for snap bean cv. Trepador, 9 of 10 for snap bean cv. Fartura, 18 of 24 for common bean cv. Olate Pinto, and 19 of 25 for common bean cv. Carioca. The isolate was also able to infect eight of nine soybean 'Doko' plants. Sequence analysis using symptomatic leaf samples (15 days after inoculation) confirmed SimMV as the causal agent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a SimMV isolate infecting P. vulgaris. This virus is apparently fast expanding its host range from Malvaceae to Solanaceae species and leguminous hosts after the introduction of B. tabaci biotype B (2). More extensive surveys are necessary to access the current epidemiological importance of SimMV in both snap and common beans in Brazil.

Effects of Root Zone Temperature and N-K Nutrition on the Growth, Flower and Pod Abscissions, Pod Production and Mineral Contents of Bush Snap Bean.

Bush snap bean cv. Torukatto was used to investigate the effects of root zone temperatures (RZTs) and N-K levels on the growth, abscissions of flowers and pods, pod production and mineral contents. The effects of RZTs were more pronounced than N-K supply on the vegetative as well as reproductive performance in this cultivar. RZTs at 20, 25 and 30°C enhanced plant growth while 35°C RZT reduced it producing plants with less vegetative growth of vine, greener leaves and smaller leaf area. Moreover, photosynthetic activity tended to increase with an increase in RZT up to 30°C in combination with either of the N-K levels. Higher number of pods was obtained from plants grown with 20, 25 and 30°C RZT. Increased total-N, Ca and Mg contents were observed in leaf blades while P was higher in the pods and K was similar in both organs. The results suggest that maintaining the root zone temperature within the range of 20 to 30°C may act more effective for growth performance regardless of N-K supply in the nutrient solution. High RZT of 35°C has an adverse effect on root growth that can lead to the death of root tissues.

Population Changes and Persistence of Rhizobium phaseoli in Soil and Rhizospheres

The impact of legume cultivation on the establishment and persistence of an inoculant strain of Rhizobium phaseoli and its ability to compete with a resident population of R. phaseoli for nodule occupancy was examined utilizing strain-specific fluorescent antibodies. The soil (Hubbard loamy sand) was inoculated homogeneously with 5 x 10 cells per g of soil and confined in plastic cylinders kept in field plots. Inoculated and uninoculated cylinders were either left fallow or planted to two seeds of legumes. Two hosts, navy bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cv. Seafarer and snap bean cv. Picker, as well as a nonhost, soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cv. Wilkin, were used. Inoculant Viking 1 was highly stimulated in all three rhizospheres sampled at 6 (flowering), 10 (podfill), and 17 (decay) weeks and in the following spring, whereas counts in fallow soil decreased rapidly. Although the overwintering population remained highest in the vicinity of decaying host roots, Viking 1 persisted, even in fallow soil, to produce abundant nodulation of host plants the following spring. Viking 1 was an excellent competitor for nodulation sites on the roots of the hosts; it thoroughly outcompeted the resident population of R. phaseoli, occupying virtually 100% of the nodules under inoculated conditions in all experiments.